进程管理工具之supervisor[安装并使用]

　　在Linux服务器中，有时候我们需要一个进程需要可靠的在后台运行，并且能够监控进程状态，在意外结束时能够自动重启等。此时就可以使用supervisor。

　　supervisor 是使用Python开发的一套通用的进程管理程序，能够将一个普通的命令行进程变成后台的守护进程，并且监控进程的状态，异常退出时能够自动重启

到官网下载并安装

　　1. 安装

cd /usr/local/src wget https://pypi.python.org/packages/7b/17/88adf8cb25f80e2bc0d18e094fcd7ab300632ea00b601cbbbb84c2419eae/supervisor-3.3.2.tar.gz tar -zxvf supervisor-3.3.2.tar.gz cd supervisor-3.3.2 python setup.py install 
#本地python版本为python2.7 
# python2.7 setup.py install 
#本地python版本为python3以上

　　2.配置

　　生成配置文件

echo_supervisord_conf > /etc/supervisord.conf

　　启动

supervisord -c /etc/supervisord.conf

　　查看运行情况

ps aux | grep supervisord

　　修改配置文件

vim /etc/supervisord.conf

　　在配置文件底部，配置include

[include]
files=/etc/supervisor/*.conf #若你本地无/etc/supervisor目录，请自建

　　用supervisor管理进程，配置如下

cd /etc/supervisor
vim ossfs.conf # 这里的文件名称自定义

　　加入内容

; 设置进程的名称，使用 supervisorctl 来管理进程时需要使用该进程名 
[program:your_program_name]
command=python server.py --port=
;numprocs= ; 默认为1
;process_name=%(program_name)s ; 默认为 %(program_name)s，即 [program:x] 中的 x
directory=/home/python/tornado_server ; 执行 command 之前，先切换到工作目录
user=oxygen ; 使用 oxygen 用户来启动该进程 ; 程序崩溃时自动重启，重启次数是有限制的，默认为3次
autorestart=true
redirect_stderr=true ; 重定向输出的日志
stdout_logfile = /var/log/supervisord/tornado_server.log loglevel=info

　　修改配置,重启服务

supervisorctl reload

　　基本使用

supervisord : 启动supervisor
supervisorctl reload :修改完配置文件后重新启动supervisor
supervisorctl status :查看supervisor监管的进程状态
supervisorctl start 进程名 ：启动XXX进程
supervisorctl stop 进程名 ：停止XXX进程
supervisorctl stop all：停止全部进程，注：start、restart、stop都不会载入最新的配置文件。
supervisorctl update：根据最新的配置文件，启动新配置或有改动的进程，配置没有改动的进程不会受影响

　　用浏览器来进行管理

vim /etc/supervisord.conf

　　修改配置内容

[inet_http_server]
port=127.0.0.1:9001     ; 服务器ip（外网访问 配置为 0.0.0.0）
username=xxx        ;自定义
password=xxx        ;自定义

　　

　　3.设置开机启动

vim /etc/init.d/supervisord

　　添加脚本内容

#! /bin/sh
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides:          supervisord
# Required-Start:    $remote_fs
# Required-Stop:     $remote_fs
# Default-Start:
# Default-Stop:
# Short-Description: Example initscript
# Description:       This file should be used to construct scripts to be
#                    placed in /etc/init.d.
### END INIT INFO

# Author: Dan MacKinlay <danielm@phm.gov.au>
# Based on instructions by Bertrand Mathieu
# http://zebert.blogspot.com/2009/05/installing-django-solr-varnish-and.html

# Do NOT "set -e"

# PATH should only include /usr/* if it runs after the mountnfs.sh script
PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/usr/bin
DESC="Description of the service"
NAME=supervisord
DAEMON=/usr/local/bin/supervisord
DAEMON_ARGS=" -c /etc/supervisord.conf"
#PIDFILE=/var/run/$NAME.pid
PIDFILE=/tmp/$NAME.pid
SCRIPTNAME=/etc/init.d/$NAME

# Exit if the package is not installed
[ -x "$DAEMON" ] || exit 0

# Read configuration variable file if it is present
[ -r /etc/default/$NAME ] && . /etc/default/$NAME

# Load the VERBOSE setting and other rcS variables
. /lib/init/vars.sh

# Define LSB log_* functions.
# Depend on lsb-base (>= 3.0-6) to ensure that this file is present.
. /lib/lsb/init-functions

#
# Function that starts the daemon/service
#
do_start()
{
    # Return
    #   0 if daemon has been started
    #   1 if daemon was already running
    #   2 if daemon could not be started
    start-stop-daemon --start --quiet --pidfile $PIDFILE --exec $DAEMON --test > /dev/null \
        || return 1
    start-stop-daemon --start --quiet --pidfile $PIDFILE --exec $DAEMON -- \
        $DAEMON_ARGS \
        || return 2
    # Add code here, if necessary, that waits for the process to be ready
    # to handle requests from services started subsequently which depend
    # on this one.  As a last resort, sleep for some time.
}

#
# Function that stops the daemon/service
#
do_stop()
{
    # Return
    #   0 if daemon has been stopped
    #   1 if daemon was already stopped
    #   2 if daemon could not be stopped
    #   other if a failure occurred
    start-stop-daemon --stop --quiet --retry=TERM/30/KILL/5 --pidfile $PIDFILE --name $NAME
    RETVAL="$?"
    [ "$RETVAL" = 2 ] && return 2
    # Wait for children to finish too if this is a daemon that forks
    # and if the daemon is only ever run from this initscript.
    # If the above conditions are not satisfied then add some other code
    # that waits for the process to drop all resources that could be
    # needed by services started subsequently.  A last resort is to
    # sleep for some time.
    start-stop-daemon --stop --quiet --oknodo --retry=0/30/KILL/5 --exec $DAEMON
    [ "$?" = 2 ] && return 2
    # Many daemons don't delete their pidfiles when they exit.
    rm -f $PIDFILE
    return "$RETVAL"
}

#
# Function that sends a SIGHUP to the daemon/service
#
do_reload() {
    #
    # If the daemon can reload its configuration without
    # restarting (for example, when it is sent a SIGHUP),
    # then implement that here.
    #
    start-stop-daemon --stop --signal 1 --quiet --pidfile $PIDFILE --name $NAME
    return 0
}

case "$1" in
  start)
    [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_daemon_msg "Starting $DESC" "$NAME"
    do_start
    case "$?" in
        0|1) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 0 ;;
        2) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 1 ;;
    esac
    ;;
  stop)
    [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_daemon_msg "Stopping $DESC" "$NAME"
    do_stop
    case "$?" in
        0|1) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 0 ;;
        2) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 1 ;;
    esac
    ;;
  #reload|force-reload)
    #
    # If do_reload() is not implemented then leave this commented out
    # and leave 'force-reload' as an alias for 'restart'.
    #
    #log_daemon_msg "Reloading $DESC" "$NAME"
    #do_reload
    #log_end_msg $?
    #;;
  restart|force-reload)
    #
    # If the "reload" option is implemented then remove the
    # 'force-reload' alias
    #
    log_daemon_msg "Restarting $DESC" "$NAME"
    do_stop
    case "$?" in
      0|1)
        do_start
        case "$?" in
            0) log_end_msg 0 ;;
            1) log_end_msg 1 ;; # Old process is still running
            *) log_end_msg 1 ;; # Failed to start
        esac
        ;;
      *)
        # Failed to stop
        log_end_msg 1
        ;;
    esac
    ;;
  *)
    #echo "Usage: $SCRIPTNAME {start|stop|restart|reload|force-reload}" >&2
    echo "Usage: $SCRIPTNAME {start|stop|restart|force-reload}" >&2
    exit 3
    ;;
esac

:

# 设置该脚本为可以执行
sudo chmod +x /etc/init.d/supervisord
# 设置为开机自动运行
sudo update-rc.d supervisord defaults
# 试一下，是否工作正常
service supervisord stop
service supervisord start

　　4.错误总结

　　　　1) 若报错：insserv: warning: script 'service' missing LSB tags and overrides，

sudo apt-get remove insserv