Docker笔记4：在 CentOS 上安装 Docker

Docker 是一个开源的应用容器引擎，主要有两个分支，一个是社区免费版（Docker CE），一个是企业版（Docker EE）。

第1步：系统环境要求

Docker 支持的 CentOS 版本：

• • CentOS 7 (64-bit)：内核要求 3.10 以上
  • CentOS 6.5 (64-bit) 或更高的版本：内核要求 2.6.32-431 以上

我们可以通过 uname -r 命令查看虚机当前的内核版本

第2步：删除旧版本 Docker

如果虚机上已经安装了docker，我们需要清除旧版本。

# sudo yum remove docker \
                  docker-client \
                  docker-client-latest \
                  docker-common \
                  docker-latest \
                  docker-latest-logrotate \
                  docker-logrotate \
                  docker-selinux \
                  docker-engine-selinux \
                  docker-engine

第3步：环境准备

安装依赖包：

sudo yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2

第4步：添加YUM源（Docker CE）

sudo yum-config-manager --add-repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

# 添加软件源信息

[root@docker01 ~]# yum-config-manager --add-repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
adding repo from: http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
grabbing file http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo to /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo
repo saved to /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo

[root@docker01 ~]# ls /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo
/etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo

[root@docker01 ~]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo
[docker-ce-stable]
name=Docker CE Stable - $basearch
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/$basearch/stable
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg

[docker-ce-stable-debuginfo]
name=Docker CE Stable - Debuginfo $basearch
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/debug-$basearch/stable
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg

[docker-ce-stable-source]
name=Docker CE Stable - Sources
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/source/stable
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg

[docker-ce-edge]
name=Docker CE Edge - $basearch
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/$basearch/edge
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg

[docker-ce-edge-debuginfo]
name=Docker CE Edge - Debuginfo $basearch
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/debug-$basearch/edge
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg

[docker-ce-edge-source]
name=Docker CE Edge - Sources
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/source/edge
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg

[docker-ce-test]
name=Docker CE Test - $basearch
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/$basearch/test
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg

[docker-ce-test-debuginfo]
name=Docker CE Test - Debuginfo $basearch
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/debug-$basearch/test
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg

[docker-ce-test-source]
name=Docker CE Test - Sources
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/source/test
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg

[docker-ce-nightly]
name=Docker CE Nightly - $basearch
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/$basearch/nightly
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg

[docker-ce-nightly-debuginfo]
name=Docker CE Nightly - Debuginfo $basearch
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/debug-$basearch/nightly
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg

[docker-ce-nightly-source]
name=Docker CE Nightly - Sources
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/source/nightly
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg

第5步：更新 YUM 源的缓存

sudo yum makecache fast

# 更新yum源的缓存

[root@docker01 ~]# yum makecache fast
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.cqu.edu.cn
 * extras: mirrors.cqu.edu.cn
 * updates: ftp.sjtu.edu.cn
base                                                                     | 3.6 kB  00:00:00
docker-ce-stable                                                         | 3.5 kB  00:00:00
extras                                                                   | 2.9 kB  00:00:00
updates                                                                  | 2.9 kB  00:00:00
(1/2): docker-ce-stable/x86_64/updateinfo                                |   55 B  00:00:00
(2/2): docker-ce-stable/x86_64/primary_db                                |  37 kB  00:00:00
Metadata Cache Created

第6步：开始安装 Docker CE

sudo yum -y install docker-ce

第7步：启动 Docker 服务

CentOS 6 下：

service docker start

CentOS 7 下：

systemctl start docker

[root@docker01 ~]# systemctl start docker
[root@docker01 ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
[root@docker01 ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES

[root@docker01 ~]# ifconfig
docker0: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 172.17.0.1  netmask 255.255.0.0  broadcast 172.17.255.255
        ether 02:42:e8:fd:3c:c5  txqueuelen 0  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.51.104  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.51.255
        inet6 fe80::6e9f:cbad:9daa:dacd  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether 00:0c:29:69:f3:ec  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 75432  bytes 107182400 (102.2 MiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 31495  bytes 2143229 (2.0 MiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10<host>
        loop  txqueuelen 1000  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 12  bytes 1020 (1020.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 12  bytes 1020 (1020.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

第8步：查看 Docker 服务是否启动

ps aux | grep docker

到此，如果 Docker 服务已启动，说明我们的 Docker 已经安装成功了。

备注：
      Docker 的守护进程默认使用 Docker 官方镜像加速器，对于我们来说有时会很慢，所以我们需要给 Docker 守护进程配置一个国内的加速器。

      中国官方镜像加速器：https://registry.docker-cn.com daemon
      网易镜像加速器：http://hub-mirror.c.163.com

      Docker 镜像加速器，请访问：

卸载 Docker 的命令：

sudo yum remove docker-ce
sudo rm -rf /var/lib/docker

[root@docker01 ~]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo [docker-ce-stable]name=Docker CE Stable - $basearchbaseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/$basearch/stableenabled=1gpgcheck=1gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg
[docker-ce-stable-debuginfo]name=Docker CE Stable - Debuginfo $basearchbaseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/debug-$basearch/stableenabled=0gpgcheck=1gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg
[docker-ce-stable-source]name=Docker CE Stable - Sourcesbaseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/source/stableenabled=0gpgcheck=1gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg
[docker-ce-edge]name=Docker CE Edge - $basearchbaseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/$basearch/edgeenabled=0gpgcheck=1gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg
[docker-ce-edge-debuginfo]name=Docker CE Edge - Debuginfo $basearchbaseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/debug-$basearch/edgeenabled=0gpgcheck=1gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg
[docker-ce-edge-source]name=Docker CE Edge - Sourcesbaseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/source/edgeenabled=0gpgcheck=1gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg
[docker-ce-test]name=Docker CE Test - $basearchbaseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/$basearch/testenabled=0gpgcheck=1gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg
[docker-ce-test-debuginfo]name=Docker CE Test - Debuginfo $basearchbaseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/debug-$basearch/testenabled=0gpgcheck=1gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg
[docker-ce-test-source]name=Docker CE Test - Sourcesbaseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/source/testenabled=0gpgcheck=1gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg
[docker-ce-nightly]name=Docker CE Nightly - $basearchbaseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/$basearch/nightlyenabled=0gpgcheck=1gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg
[docker-ce-nightly-debuginfo]name=Docker CE Nightly - Debuginfo $basearchbaseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/debug-$basearch/nightlyenabled=0gpgcheck=1gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg
[docker-ce-nightly-source]name=Docker CE Nightly - Sourcesbaseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/source/nightlyenabled=0gpgcheck=1gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg