Python excel 功能扩展库 ——> openpyxl 的基本使用

说明：本文档内容参考自 https://www.cnblogs.com/zeke-python-road/p/8986318.html （作者：关关雎鸠`）的文档

 from openpyxl import Workbook

 from openpyxl import load_workbook
 # 实例化一个操作对象
 wb = Workbook()

 # 获取当前活跃状态的sheet
 ws = wb.active

 '''
 # 基本操作，插入方式按顺序逐行插入
 # 单元格内容控制
 ws['A1'] = '姓名'
 ws['B1'] = '性别'
 # 在上文基础上添加整行（上文存在三行，则从第四行开始整行插入）
 ws.append(['项目','姓名','时间','报价','备注'])
 ws.append([1,2,3])
 ws.append([23,34,45,56])
 # 单元格内容控制
 ws['A2'] = 'jony'
 ws['A3'] = 'male'
 # 文件保存（必须用绝对路径）
 wb.save('/home/ht/fir.xlsx')
 '''

 '''
 # 创建新的工作区，并输入该区的标签名（标签名，位置）* 位置：该区在标签中的排序
 w1 = wb.create_sheet('sheet1')
 w2 = wb.create_sheet('sheet2')
 w3 = wb.create_sheet('sheet3',0)

 # 这里是修改该区标签名
 w1.title = 'sheet-1'
 w2.title = 'sheet-2'
 w3.title = 'sheet-3'

 w2.append(['ds','hp','wq'])

 # 设置标签的背景色（不是表格的单元格）
 w2.sheet_properties.tabColor = "1072BA"

 # 可以通过工作区的title名来获取该sheet对象
 wanna = wb.get_sheet_by_name('sheet-2')

 print(wanna)
 print(wb.sheetnames)

 # <Worksheet "sheet-2">
 # ['sheet-3', 'Sheet', 'sheet-1', 'sheet-2']

 wb['sheet-3'].append([1,2,3,4,5])

 # 复制工作区，新的工作区的默认命名为sheet-3 Copy
 new_3 = wb.copy_worksheet(w3)
 # 复制品重命名
 new_3.title = 'new'
 wb.save('/home/ht/mul_sheet.xlsx')
 '''

 '''
 sh1 = wb.active
 sh2 = wb.create_sheet('sheet-cell')

 # 单表格坐标数值输入
 sh2['A1'] = 'aaa插入内容'
 # 单元格坐标接受小写
 sh2['d4'] = '表格小写'
 # 单元格行列值坐标输入
 cell1 = sh2.cell(row=3,column=2,value='三行二列')
 cell2 = sh2.cell(3,4,'三行四列')
 print(cell1.value)
 # 三行二列
 wb.save('/home/ht/sheet-cell.xlsx')
 '''

 '''
 # 批量获取单元格
 mul_cell = wb.active
 mul_cell.append(['a1','b1','c1','d1'])
 mul_cell.append(['a2','b2','c2','d2'])
 mul_cell.append(['a3','b3','c3','d3'])

 # 获取A列所有单元格
 print(mul_cell['a'])
 # (<Cell 'Sheet'.A1>,
 # <Cell 'Sheet'.A2>,
 # <Cell 'Sheet'.A3>)

 # 获取 BCD 三列所有单元格
 print(mul_cell['b:d'])
 # ((<Cell 'Sheet'.B1>, <Cell 'Sheet'.B2>, <Cell 'Sheet'.B3>),
 # (<Cell 'Sheet'.C1>, <Cell 'Sheet'.C2>, <Cell 'Sheet'.C3>),
 # (<Cell 'Sheet'.D1>, <Cell 'Sheet'.D2>, <Cell 'Sheet'.D3>))

 # 获取第 2到3 行所有单元格
 print(mul_cell[2:3])
 # ((<Cell 'Sheet'.A2>, <Cell 'Sheet'.B2>, <Cell 'Sheet'.C2>, <Cell 'Sheet'.D2>),
 # (<Cell 'Sheet'.A3>, <Cell 'Sheet'.B3>, <Cell 'Sheet'.C3>, <Cell 'Sheet'.D3>))

 # iter_rows 方法，设定参数，获取二行三列区块内的所有单元格（获取基本单位为行，再从行内获取单元格）
 for r in mul_cell.iter_rows(min_row=1,max_row=2,min_col=1,max_col=3):
     print(r)
     for c in r:
         print(c,c.value)

 # (<Cell 'Sheet'.A1>, <Cell 'Sheet'.B1>, <Cell 'Sheet'.C1>)
 # <Cell 'Sheet'.A1> a1
 # <Cell 'Sheet'.B1> b1
 # <Cell 'Sheet'.C1> c1
 # (<Cell 'Sheet'.A2>, <Cell 'Sheet'.B2>, <Cell 'Sheet'.C2>)
 # <Cell 'Sheet'.A2> a2
 # <Cell 'Sheet'.B2> b2
 # <Cell 'Sheet'.C2> c2

 # iter_rows 方法，设定参数，获取二行三列区块内的所有单元格（获取基本单位为列，再从列内获取单元格）
 for r in mul_cell.iter_cols(min_row=1,max_row=2,min_col=1,max_col=3):
     print(r)

 # (<Cell 'Sheet'.A1>, <Cell 'Sheet'.A2>)
 # (<Cell 'Sheet'.B1>, <Cell 'Sheet'.B2>)
 # (<Cell 'Sheet'.C1>, <Cell 'Sheet'.C2>)

 # 获取所有行
 for r in mul_cell.rows:
     print(r)
 # (<Cell 'Sheet'.A1>, <Cell 'Sheet'.B1>, <Cell 'Sheet'.C1>, <Cell 'Sheet'.D1>)
 # (<Cell 'Sheet'.A2>, <Cell 'Sheet'.B2>, <Cell 'Sheet'.C2>, <Cell 'Sheet'.D2>)
 # (<Cell 'Sheet'.A3>, <Cell 'Sheet'.B3>, <Cell 'Sheet'.C3>, <Cell 'Sheet'.D3>)

 print(mul_cell.rows)
 # <generator object Worksheet._cells_by_row at 0x7f4c615312b0>

 # 获取所有列
 print(mul_cell.columns)
 # <generator object Worksheet._cells_by_col at 0x7f4c615312b0>
 wb.save('/home/ht/mul_cell.xlsx')
 '''

 '''
 from openpyxl import load_workbook

 # 操作文件
 read_sheet = load_workbook('/home/ht/mul_sheet.xlsx')

 read_sheet.guess_types = True

 current = read_sheet.active
 current['e2'] = '65%'

 read_sheet.save('/home/ht/mul_sheet.xlsx')
 '''

 '''
 from openpyxl import load_workbook
 wsheet = load_workbook('/home/ht/mul_cell.xlsx')

 # sheet 对象不存在脚标，只能通过坐标获取，wsheet.active.rows[1]是不能获取第二行的！
 print(wsheet.active['a'][1].value)
 print(wsheet.active['2'][1].value)
 # a2
 # b2
 '''

 ''' 单元格分割合并

 deal_cell = load_workbook('/home/ht/sum_sheet.xlsx')
 sheet = deal_cell.active

 # 合并第一行1到4单元格（a1,b1,c1,d1）
 sheet.merge_cells('a1:d1')

 # 将 第一行 a1 到 d1 位置的单元格分离出来
 sheet.unmerge_cells('a1:d1')

 # 采用区块的方式合并或分割操作
 sheet.merge_cells(start_row=1,end_row=3,start_column=4,end_column=6)

 deal_cell.save('/home/ht/sum_sheet.xlsx')
 '''

 ''' 单元格插入图片

 # 需要安装PIL图片包
 from openpyxl.drawing.image import Image

 img = Image('/home/ht/qcode.png')
 ws.add_image(img,'F3')      # 这里图片填充的位置坐标必须使用大写字母
 wb.save('/home/ht/addimg.xlsx')
 '''