HBase shell的使用记录

1. list命令

该命令列出hbase中所有的表

hbase(main):007:0* list

TABLE

SYSTEM:CATALOG

SYSTEM:FUNCTION

SYSTEM:MUTEX

SYSTEM:SEQUENCE

SYSTEM:STATS

iot_flow_cdr_201805

iot_msg_cdr_201805

iot_voice_cdr_201805

8 row(s) in 0.0200 seconds

=> ["SYSTEM:CATALOG", "SYSTEM:FUNCTION", "SYSTEM:MUTEX", "SYSTEM:SEQUENCE", "SYSTEM:STATS", "iot_flow_cdr_201805", "iot_msg_cdr_201805", "iot_voice_cdr_201805"]

2. desc(describe)命令

查看表的详细信息

hbase(main):012:0* desc 'iot_flow_cdr_201805'

Table iot_flow_cdr_201805 is ENABLED

iot_flow_cdr_201805, {TABLE_ATTRIBUTES => {coprocessor$1 => '|org.apache.phoenix.coprocessor.ScanRegionObserver|805306366|', coprocessor

$2 => '|org.apache.phoenix.coprocessor.UngroupedAggregateRegionObserver|805306366|', coprocessor$3 => '|org.apache.phoenix.coprocessor.G

roupedAggregateRegionObserver|805306366|', coprocessor$4 => '|org.apache.phoenix.coprocessor.ServerCachingEndpointImpl|805306366|'}

COLUMN FAMILIES DESCRIPTION

{NAME => 'info', DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => 'NONE', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0', VERSIONS => '1', COMPRESSION => 'SNAPPY'

, TTL => 'FOREVER', MIN_VERSIONS => '0', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => 'FALSE', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', IN_MEMORY => 'false', BLOCKCACHE => 'true'

}

1 row(s) in 0.0780 seconds

其中：NANE指列簇名，VERSIONS指版本号，COMPRESSION指压缩算法，TTL指生存时间（过期时间）

3. create命令

create创建表，help 'create'查看该命令的用法

hbase(main):015:0* help 'create'

Creates a table. Pass a table name, and a set of column family

specifications (at least one), and, optionally, table configuration.

Column specification can be a simple string (name), or a dictionary

(dictionaries are described below in main help output), necessarily

including NAME attribute.

Examples:

Create a table with namespace=ns1 and table qualifier=t1

  hbase> create 'ns1:t1', {NAME => 'f1', VERSIONS => 5}

Create a table with namespace=default and table qualifier=t1

  hbase> create 't1', {NAME => 'f1'}, {NAME => 'f2'}, {NAME => 'f3'}

  hbase> # The above in shorthand would be the following:

  hbase> create 't1', 'f1', 'f2', 'f3'

  hbase> create 't1', {NAME => 'f1', VERSIONS => 1, TTL => 2592000, BLOCKCACHE => true}

  hbase> create 't1', {NAME => 'f1', CONFIGURATION => {'hbase.hstore.blockingStoreFiles' => '10'}}

部分参数说明：

NAME:指定列簇名

VERSION：指定版本号（默认为1）

TTL：指定表超时时间，超过该时间的row会被删除

COMPRESSION：指定压缩方式，hbase支持的压缩算法有gzip、lzo、snappy/Zippy

这里我创建一个test表，包含一个列簇info，压缩方式为snappy

hbase(main):020:0* create 'test',{NAME=>'info','COMPRESSION'=>'snappy'}

0 row(s) in 2.3540 seconds

=> Hbase::Table - test

hbase(main):021:0> desc 'test'

Table test is ENABLED

test

COLUMN FAMILIES DESCRIPTION

{NAME => 'info', DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => 'NONE', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0', VERSIONS => '1', COMPRESSION => 'SNAPPY'

, MIN_VERSIONS => '0', TTL => 'FOREVER', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => 'FALSE', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', IN_MEMORY => 'false', BLOCKCACHE => 'true'

}

1 row(s) in 0.0480 seconds

4. 插入数据put

使用help ‘put’命令查看帮助

hbase(main):025:0* help 'put'

Put a cell 'value' at specified table/row/column and optionally

timestamp coordinates.  To put a cell value into table 'ns1:t1' or 't1'

at row 'r1' under column 'c1' marked with the time 'ts1', do:

  hbase> put 'ns1:t1', 'r1', 'c1', 'value'

  hbase> put 't1', 'r1', 'c1', 'value'

  hbase> put 't1', 'r1', 'c1', 'value', ts1

  hbase> put 't1', 'r1', 'c1', 'value', {ATTRIBUTES=>{'mykey'=>'myvalue'}}

  hbase> put 't1', 'r1', 'c1', 'value', ts1, {ATTRIBUTES=>{'mykey'=>'myvalue'}}

  hbase> put 't1', 'r1', 'c1', 'value', ts1, {VISIBILITY=>'PRIVATE|SECRET'}

参数说明：

t1：指定表名

r1：指定rowkey值

c1：指定列名，注意指定列名时，要带上列簇，格式为列簇名:列名

value:指定列值

现在，我往test表中插入几条数据

hbase(main):028:0* put 'test','1','info:name','tom'

0 row(s) in 0.4460 seconds

hbase(main):029:0> put 'test','1','info:age','18'

0 row(s) in 0.0140 seconds

5.获取数据get

help 'get'查看该命令的用法

hbase(main):031:0* help 'get'

Get row or cell contents; pass table name, row, and optionally

a dictionary of column(s), timestamp, timerange and versions. Examples:

  hbase> get 'ns1:t1', 'r1'

  hbase> get 't1', 'r1'

  hbase> get 't1', 'r1', {TIMERANGE => [ts1, ts2]}

  hbase> get 't1', 'r1', {COLUMN => 'c1'}

  hbase> get 't1', 'r1', {COLUMN => ['c1', 'c2', 'c3']}

  hbase> get 't1', 'r1', {COLUMN => 'c1', TIMESTAMP => ts1}

  hbase> get 't1', 'r1', {COLUMN => 'c1', TIMERANGE => [ts1, ts2], VERSIONS => 4}

  hbase> get 't1', 'r1', {COLUMN => 'c1', TIMESTAMP => ts1, VERSIONS => 4}

  hbase> get 't1', 'r1', {FILTER => "ValueFilter(=, 'binary:abc')"}

  hbase> get 't1', 'r1', 'c1'

  hbase> get 't1', 'r1', 'c1', 'c2'

  hbase> get 't1', 'r1', ['c1', 'c2']

  hbase> get 't1', 'r1', {COLUMN => 'c1', ATTRIBUTES => {'mykey'=>'myvalue'}}

  hbase> get 't1', 'r1', {COLUMN => 'c1', AUTHORIZATIONS => ['PRIVATE','SECRET']}

  hbase> get 't1', 'r1', {CONSISTENCY => 'TIMELINE'}

  hbase> get 't1', 'r1', {CONSISTENCY => 'TIMELINE', REGION_REPLICA_ID => 1}

参数说明：

t1：指定表名

r1：指定rowkey查询

c1：指定列名查询

现在我们查询刚才test表中的数据

#指定rowkey查询

hbase(main):035:0* get 'test','1'

COLUMN                              CELL

 info:age                           timestamp=1526396011498, value=18

 info:name                          timestamp=1526396001809, value=tom

2 row(s) in 0.0580 seconds

#指定rowkey和列名查询，注意指定列名时要以列簇名为前缀

hbase(main):037:0* get 'test','1',{COLUMN=> 'info:name'}

COLUMN                              CELL

 info:name                          timestamp=1526396001809, value=tom

1 row(s) in 0.0280 seconds

#指定rowkey和列簇查询

hbase(main):042:0* get 'test','1','info'

COLUMN                              CELL

 info:age                           timestamp=1526396011498, value=18

 info:name                          timestamp=1526396001809, value=tom

2 row(s) in 0.0170 seconds

6. 扫描表scan

scan命令是用来查询hbase表数据，可以全表扫描列出所有数据，也可以指定扫描条件过滤数据，该命令的用法很丰富，过滤条件很多。这里简单列举两个个

#全表扫描

hbase(main):044:0* scan 'test'

ROW                                 COLUMN+CELL

 1                                  column=info:age, timestamp=1526396011498, value=18

 1                                  column=info:name, timestamp=1526396001809, value=tom

1 row(s) in 0.0610 seconds

#先插入两条数据

hbase(main):045:0> put 'test','2','info:name','jerry'

0 row(s) in 0.0190 seconds

hbase(main):046:0> put 'test','11','info:name','mary'

0 row(s) in 0.0160 seconds

#根据rowkey前缀，过滤扫描

hbase(main):047:0> scan 'test',{ROWPREFIXFILTER => '1'}

ROW                                 COLUMN+CELL

 1                                  column=info:age, timestamp=1526396011498, value=18

 1                                  column=info:name, timestamp=1526396001809, value=tom

 11                                 column=info:name, timestamp=1526396516873, value=mary

2 row(s) in 0.0310 seconds

7. 删除命令delete

该命令只能删除某个rowkey的某一列数据，不能整行删除

#比如我删除rowkey为1的info:age这列数据

hbase(main):049:0* delete 'test','1','info:age'

0 row(s) in 0.0590 seconds

hbase(main):050:0> get 'test','1'

COLUMN                              CELL

 info:name                          timestamp=1526396001809, value=tom

1 row(s) in 0.0150 seconds

8. deleteall命令

这个命令和delete相比，它可以直接删除删除一行数据，而delete指定删除指定列数据，

比如删除test表中rowkey为2的整行数据

hbase(main):054:0* deleteall 'test','2'

0 row(s) in 0.0140 seconds

hbase(main):055:0> scan 'test'

ROW                                 COLUMN+CELL

 1                                  column=info:name, timestamp=1526396001809, value=tom

 11                                 column=info:name, timestamp=1526396516873, value=mary

2 row(s) in 0.0190 seconds

9. disable、enable、is_enabled和exists命令

disable使某张表处于不可用状态，enable则是恢复表为正常状态，is_enabled是判断表的状态，exists是判断表是否存在

hbase(main):058:0* disable 'test'

0 row(s) in 2.3280 seconds

hbase(main):059:0> is_enabled 'test'

false

0 row(s) in 0.0630 seconds

hbase(main):061:0> enable 'test'

0 row(s) in 1.2760 seconds

hbase(main):063:0> exists 'test'

Table test does exist

0 row(s) in 0.0200 seconds

10. 清空表truncate和删除表drop

truncate命令清空表数据，drop删除表，注意删除表之前，需要disable表

hbase(main):066:0* truncate 'test'

Truncating 'test' table (it may take a while):

 - Disabling table...

 - Truncating table...

0 row(s) in 3.6610 seconds

hbase(main):067:0> scan 'test'

ROW                                 COLUMN+CELL

0 row(s) in 0.3420 seconds

#删除表前，先disable该表

hbase(main):068:0> disable 'test'

0 row(s) in 2.2660 seconds

hbase(main):069:0> drop 'test'

0 row(s) in 1.2660 seconds

11. move命令

该命令用于region的转移，当你发现多个regionserver间的region分配不均时，可以使用该命令转移region来进行平衡

12. balance_switch命令

该命令用于开启或关闭regionserver的自动平衡功能,balance_switch true开启，balance_switch false关闭，开启后，regionserver之间的region会自动进行平衡。balance_switch status可查看当前balance状态。