C# 几十万级数据导出Excel，及Excel各种操作

    先上导出代码
    /// <summary>
            /// 导出速度最快
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="list"><列名，数据></param>
            /// <param name="filepath"></param>
            /// <returns></returns>
            public bool NewExport(List<DictionaryEntry> list, string filepath)
            {
                bool bSuccess = true;
                Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application appexcel = new Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application();
                System.Reflection.Missing miss = System.Reflection.Missing.Value;
                appexcel = new Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application();
                Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Workbook workbookdata = null;
                Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet worksheetdata = null;
                Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range rangedata;  

                workbookdata = appexcel.Workbooks.Add();  

                //设置对象不可见
                appexcel.Visible = false;
                appexcel.DisplayAlerts = false;
                try
                {
                    foreach (var lv in list)
                    {
                        var keys = lv.Key as List<string>;
                        var values = lv.Value as List<IList<object>>;
                        worksheetdata = (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet)workbookdata.Worksheets.Add(miss, workbookdata.ActiveSheet);  

                        for (int i = ; i < keys.Count-; i++)
                        {
                            //给工作表赋名称
                            worksheetdata.Name = keys[];//列名的第一个数据位表名
                            worksheetdata.Cells[, i + ] = keys[i+];
                        }  

                        //因为第一行已经写了表头，所以所有数据都应该从a2开始
                        rangedata = worksheetdata.get_Range("a2", miss);
                        Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range xlrang = null;  

                        //irowcount为实际行数，最大行
                        int irowcount = values.Count;
                        int iparstedrow = , icurrsize = ;  

                        //ieachsize为每次写行的数值，可以自己设置
                        int ieachsize = ;  

                        //icolumnaccount为实际列数，最大列数
                        int icolumnaccount = keys.Count-;  

                        //在内存中声明一个ieachsize×icolumnaccount的数组，ieachsize是每次最大存储的行数，icolumnaccount就是存储的实际列数
                        object[,] objval = new object[ieachsize, icolumnaccount];
                        icurrsize = ieachsize;  

                        while (iparstedrow < irowcount)
                        {
                            if ((irowcount - iparstedrow) < ieachsize)
                                icurrsize = irowcount - iparstedrow;  

                            //用for循环给数组赋值
                            for (int i = ; i < icurrsize; i++)
                            {
                                for (int j = ; j < icolumnaccount; j++)
                                {
                                    var v = values[i + iparstedrow][j];
                                    objval[i, j] = v != null ? v.ToString() : "";
                                }
                            }
                            string X = "A" + ((int)(iparstedrow + )).ToString();
                            string col = "";
                            if (icolumnaccount <= )
                            {
                                col = ((char)('A' + icolumnaccount - )).ToString() + ((int)(iparstedrow + icurrsize + )).ToString();
                            }
                            else
                            {
                                col = ((char)('A' + (icolumnaccount /  - ))).ToString() + ((char)('A' + (icolumnaccount %  - ))).ToString() + ((int)(iparstedrow + icurrsize + )).ToString();
                            }
                            xlrang = worksheetdata.get_Range(X, col);
                            xlrang.NumberFormat = "@";
                            // 调用range的value2属性，把内存中的值赋给excel
                            xlrang.Value2 = objval;
                            iparstedrow = iparstedrow + icurrsize;
                        }
                    }
                    ((Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet)workbookdata.Worksheets["Sheet1"]).Delete();
                    ((Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet)workbookdata.Worksheets["Sheet2"]).Delete();
                    ((Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet)workbookdata.Worksheets["Sheet3"]).Delete();
                    //保存工作表
                    workbookdata.SaveAs(filepath, miss, miss, miss, miss, miss, Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.XlSaveAsAccessMode.xlNoChange, miss, miss, miss);
                    workbookdata.Close(false, miss, miss);
                    appexcel.Workbooks.Close();
                    appexcel.Quit();  

                    System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(workbookdata);
                    System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(appexcel.Workbooks);
                    System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(appexcel);
                    GC.Collect();
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    ErrorMsg = ex.Message;
                    bSuccess = false;
                }
                finally
                {
                    if (appexcel != null)
                    {
                        ExcelImportHelper.KillSpecialExcel(appexcel);
                    }
                }
                return bSuccess;
            }  

range.NumberFormatLocal = "@";     //设置单元格格式为文本     

range = (Range)worksheet.get_Range("A1", "E1");     //获取Excel多个单元格区域：本例做为Excel表头     

range.Merge();     //单元格合并动作     

worksheet.Cells[, ] = "Excel单元格赋值";     //Excel单元格赋值     

range.Font.Size = ;     //设置字体大小     

range.Font.Underline=true;     //设置字体是否有下划线     

range.Font.Name="黑体";       设置字体的种类     

range.HorizontalAlignment=XlHAlign.xlHAlignCenter;     //设置字体在单元格内的对其方式     

range.ColumnWidth=;     //设置单元格的宽度     

range.Cells.Interior.Color=System.Drawing.Color.FromArgb(,,).ToArgb();     //设置单元格的背景色     

range.Borders.LineStyle=;     //设置单元格边框的粗细     

range.BorderAround(XlLineStyle.xlContinuous,XlBorderWeight.xlThick,XlColorIndex.xlColorIndexAutomatic,System.Drawing.Color.Black.ToArgb());     //给单元格加边框     

range.Borders.get_Item(Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeTop).LineStyle = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.XlLineStyle.xlLineStyleNone; //设置单元格上边框为无边框     

range.EntireColumn.AutoFit();     //自动调整列宽     

Range.HorizontalAlignment= xlCenter;     // 文本水平居中方式     

Range.VerticalAlignment= xlCenter     //文本垂直居中方式     

Range.WrapText=true;     //文本自动换行     

Range.Interior.ColorIndex=;     //填充颜色为淡紫色     

Range.Font.Color=clBlue;     //字体颜色     

xlsApp.DisplayAlerts=false;   //对Excel的操作 不弹出提示信息
ApplicationClass xlsApp = new ApplicationClass(); // 1. 创建Excel应用程序对象的一个实例，相当于我们从开始菜单打开Excel应用程序。
if (xlsApp == null)
{
//对此实例进行验证，如果为null则表示运行此代码的机器可能未安装Excel
}  

. 打开现有的Excel文件  

Workbook workbook = xlsApp.Workbooks.Open(excelFilePath, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);
Worksheet mySheet = workbook.Sheets[] as Worksheet; //第一个sheet页
mySheet.Name = "testsheet"; //这里修改sheet名称  

.复制sheet页  

mySheet.Copy(Type.Missing, workbook.Sheets[]); //复制mySheet成一个新的sheet页，复制完后的名称是mySheet页名称后加一个(2)，这里就是testsheet(2)，复制完后，Worksheet的数量增加一个  

注意 这里Copy方法的两个参数，指是的复制出来新的sheet页是在指定sheet页的前面还是后面，上面的例子就是指复制的sheet页在第一个sheet页的后面。
.删除sheet页  

xlsApp.DisplayAlerts = false; //如果想删除某个sheet页，首先要将此项设为fasle。
(xlsApp.ActiveWorkbook.Sheets[] as Worksheet).Delete();  

.选中sheet页  

(xlsApp.ActiveWorkbook.Sheets[] as Worksheet).Select(Type.Missing); //选中某个sheet页  

.另存excel文件  

workbook.Saved = true;
workbook.SaveCopyAs(filepath);  

.释放excel资源  

workbook.Close(true, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);
workbook = null;
xlsApp.Quit();
xlsApp = null;
  

方法2：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel;
using System.Data;

namespace ExcelTest
{
    public class ExcelUtil
    {
        System.Data.DataTable table11 = new System.Data.DataTable();

        public void ExportToExcel(System.Data.DataTable table, string saveFileName)
        {

            bool fileSaved = false;

            //ExcelApp xlApp = new ExcelApp();

            Application xlApp = new Application();

            if (xlApp == null)
            {
                return;
            }

            Workbooks workbooks = xlApp.Workbooks;
            Workbook workbook = workbooks.Add(XlWBATemplate.xlWBATWorksheet);
            Worksheet worksheet = (Worksheet)workbook.Worksheets[];//取得sheet1

            long rows = table.Rows.Count;

            /*下边注释的两行代码当数据行数超过行时，出现异常：异常来自HRESULT:0x800A03EC。因为：Excel 2003每个sheet只支持最大行数据

            //Range fchR = worksheet.get_Range(worksheet.Cells[1, 1], worksheet.Cells[table.Rows.Count+2, gridview.Columns.View.VisibleColumns.Count+1]);

            //fchR.Value2 = datas;*/

            if (rows > )
            {

                long pageRows = ;//定义每页显示的行数,行数必须小于

                int scount = (int)(rows / pageRows);

                if (scount * pageRows < table.Rows.Count)//当总行数不被pageRows整除时，经过四舍五入可能页数不准
                {
                    scount = scount + ;
                }

                for (int sc = ; sc <= scount; sc++)
                {
                    if (sc > )
                    {

                        object missing = System.Reflection.Missing.Value;

                        worksheet = (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet)workbook.Worksheets.Add(

                       missing, missing, missing, missing);//添加一个sheet

                    }

                    else
                    {
                        worksheet = (Worksheet)workbook.Worksheets[sc];//取得sheet1
                    }

                    string[,] datas = new string[pageRows + , table.Columns.Count+ ];

for (int i = ; i < table.Columns.Count; i++) //写入字段
                    {
                        datas[, i] = table.Columns[i].Caption;
                    }

                    Range range = worksheet.get_Range(worksheet.Cells[, ], worksheet.Cells[, table.Columns.Count]);
                    range.Interior.ColorIndex = ;//15代表灰色
                    range.Font.Bold = true;
                    range.Font.Size = ;

                    int init = int.Parse(((sc - ) * pageRows).ToString());
                    int r = ;
                    int index = ;
                    int result;

                    if (pageRows * sc >= table.Rows.Count)
                    {
                        result = table.Rows.Count;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        result = int.Parse((pageRows * sc).ToString());
                    }
                    for (r = init; r < result; r++)
                    {
                        index = index + ;
                        for (int i = ; i < table.Columns.Count; i++)
                        {
                            if (table.Columns[i].DataType == typeof(string) || table.Columns[i].DataType == typeof(Decimal) || table.Columns[i].DataType == typeof(DateTime))
                            {
                                object obj = table.Rows[r][table.Columns[i].ColumnName];
                                datas[index, i] = obj == null ? "" : "'" + obj.ToString().Trim();//在obj.ToString()前加单引号是为了防止自动转化格式

                            }

                        }
                    }

                    Range fchR = worksheet.get_Range(worksheet.Cells[, ], worksheet.Cells[index + , table.Columns.Count + ]);

                    fchR.Value2 = datas;
                    worksheet.Columns.EntireColumn.AutoFit();//列宽自适应。

                    range = worksheet.get_Range(worksheet.Cells[, ], worksheet.Cells[index + , table.Columns.Count]);

                    //15代表灰色

                    range.Font.Size = ;
                    range.RowHeight = 14.25;
                    range.Borders.LineStyle = ;
                    range.HorizontalAlignment = ;

                }

            }

            else
            {

                string[,] datas = new string[table.Rows.Count + , table.Columns.Count + ];
                for (int i = ; i < table.Columns.Count; i++) //写入字段
                {
                    datas[, i] = table.Columns[i].Caption;
                }

                Range range = worksheet.get_Range(worksheet.Cells[, ], worksheet.Cells[, table.Columns.Count]);
                range.Interior.ColorIndex = ;//15代表灰色
                range.Font.Bold = true;
                range.Font.Size = ;

                int r = ;
                for (r = ; r < table.Rows.Count; r++)
                {
                    for (int i = ; i < table.Columns.Count; i++)
                    {
                        if (table.Columns[i].DataType == typeof(string) || table.Columns[i].DataType == typeof(Decimal) || table.Columns[i].DataType == typeof(DateTime))
                        {
                            object obj = table.Rows[r][table.Columns[i].ColumnName];
                            datas[r + , i] = obj == null ? "" : "'" + obj.ToString().Trim();//在obj.ToString()前加单引号是为了防止自动转化格式

                        }

                    }

                    //System.Windows.Forms.Application.DoEvents();

}

                Range fchR = worksheet.get_Range(worksheet.Cells[, ], worksheet.Cells[table.Rows.Count + , table.Columns.Count + ]);

                fchR.Value2 = datas;

                worksheet.Columns.EntireColumn.AutoFit();//列宽自适应。

                range = worksheet.get_Range(worksheet.Cells[, ], worksheet.Cells[table.Rows.Count + , table.Columns.Count]);

                //15代表灰色

                range.Font.Size = ;
                range.RowHeight = 14.25;
                range.Borders.LineStyle = ;
                range.HorizontalAlignment = ;
            }

            if (saveFileName != "")
            {
                try
                {
                    workbook.Saved = true;
                    workbook.SaveCopyAs(saveFileName);
                    fileSaved = true;

                }

                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    fileSaved = false;
                }

            }

            else
            {

                fileSaved = false;

            }

            xlApp.Quit();

            GC.Collect();//强行销毁 

        }
    }
}

方法3：

先去官网：http://npoi.codeplex.com/下载需要引入dll（可以选择.net2.0或者.net4.0的dll），然后在网站中添加引用。

导出代码：

 

NPOI.HSSF.UserModel.HSSFWorkbook book = new NPOI.HSSF.UserModel.HSSFWorkbook();
NPOI.SS.UserModel.ISheet sheet = book.CreateSheet("test_01");

// 第一列
NPOI.SS.UserModel.IRow row = sheet.CreateRow();
row.CreateCell().SetCellValue("第一列第一行");

// 第二列
NPOI.SS.UserModel.IRow row2 = sheet.CreateRow();
row2.CreateCell().SetCellValue("第二列第一行");

// ...

// 写入到客户端
System.IO.MemoryStream ms = new System.IO.MemoryStream();
book.Write(ms);
Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", string.Format("attachment; filename={0}.xls", DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyyMMddHHmmssfff")));
Response.BinaryWrite(ms.ToArray());
book = null;
ms.Close();
ms.Dispose();

导入代码：

HSSFWorkbook hssfworkbook;
#region
public DataTable ImportExcelFile(string filePath)
{
    #region//初始化信息
    try
    {
        using (FileStream file = new FileStream(filePath, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read))
        {
            hssfworkbook = new HSSFWorkbook(file);
        }
    }
    catch (Exception e)
    {
        throw e;
    }
    #endregion  

    NPOI.SS.UserModel.Sheet sheet = hssfworkbook.GetSheetAt();
    System.Collections.IEnumerator rows = sheet.GetRowEnumerator();
    DataTable dt = new DataTable();
    for (int j = ; j < (sheet.GetRow().LastCellNum); j++)
    {
        dt.Columns.Add(Convert.ToChar(((int)'A') + j).ToString());
    }
    while (rows.MoveNext())
    {
        HSSFRow row = (HSSFRow)rows.Current;
        DataRow dr = dt.NewRow();
        for (int i = ; i < row.LastCellNum; i++)
        {
            NPOI.SS.UserModel.Cell cell = row.GetCell(i);
            if (cell == null)
            {
                dr[i] = null;
            }
            else
            {
                dr[i] = cell.ToString();
            }
        }
        dt.Rows.Add(dr);
    }
    return dt;
}
#endregion  

用法：

首先建立一个空白的工作簿用作测试，并在其中建立空白工作表，在表中建立空白行，在行中建立单元格，并填入内容：　

//建立空白工作簿
IWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
//在工作簿中：建立空白工作表
ISheet sheet = workbook.CreateSheet();
//在工作表中：建立行，参数为行号，从0计
IRow row = sheet.CreateRow();
//在行中：建立单元格，参数为列号，从0计
ICell cell = row.CreateCell();
//设置单元格内容
cell.SetCellValue("实习鉴定表");

设置单元格样式：设置单元格样式时需要注意，务必创建一个新的样式对象进行设置，否则会将工作表所有单元格的样式一同设置，它们应该共享的是一个样式对象：

ICellStyle style = workbook.CreateCellStyle();
//设置单元格的样式：水平对齐居中
style.Alignment = HorizontalAlignment.CENTER;
//新建一个字体样式对象
IFont font = workbook.CreateFont();
//设置字体加粗样式
font.Boldweight = short.MaxValue;
//使用SetFont方法将字体样式添加到单元格样式中
style.SetFont(font);
//将新的样式赋给单元格
cell.CellStyle = style;

设置单元格宽高：

　　设置单元格的高度实际是设置其所在行高，所以要在单元格所在行上设置行高，行高设置数值好像是像素点的1/20，所以*20以便达到设置效果；

　　设置单元格的宽度实际上是设置其所在列宽，所以要在单元格所在列上设置（列的设置在工作表上），宽度数值好像是字符的1/256，所以*256以便达到设置效果。
　

//设置单元格的高度
row.Height =  * ;
//设置单元格的宽度
sheet.SetColumnWidth(,  * );

合并单元格：合并单元格实际上是声明一个区域，该区域中的单元格将进行合并，合并后的内容与样式以该区域最左上角的单元格为准。 

//设置一个合并单元格区域，使用上下左右定义CellRangeAddress区域
//CellRangeAddress四个参数为：起始行，结束行，起始列，结束列
sheet.AddMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(, , , ));

添加公式：使用Cell的CellFormula来设置公式，是一个字符串，公式前不需要加=号。

//通过Cell的CellFormula向单元格中写入公式
//注：直接写公式内容即可，不需要在最前加'='
ICell cell2 = sheet.CreateRow().CreateCell();
cell2.CellFormula = "HYPERLINK(\"测试图片.jpg\",\"测试图片.jpg\")";

将工作簿写入文件查看效果：

//将工作簿写入文件
using (FileStream fs = new FileStream("生成效果.xls", FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write))
{
  workbook.Write(fs);
}