一、编写第一个shell程序
实例1:
【程序】
 #!/bin/sh
echo "hello word !"

【运行】

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" alt="" />
【说明】
第一行:#i/bin/sh  表示使用Ubuntu系统中/bin/sh下的一个解释器来解释shell,进行运行。
第二行:echo "hello word !"  表示打印“hello word”这个字符
另外在shell中 # 是用来注释的
 
二、shell中的变量
(1)变量定义:直接使用=即可
(2)变量赋值:直接使用=
(3)变量引用:变量前面在$;(两种用法:$var 和 ${var} )
实例2:
 #!/bin/sh
string="new string"
echo $string

运行结果:

aaarticlea/png;base64,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" alt="" />
 
三、单引号和双引号的区别
实例3:
 #!/bin/sh
# 单引号和双引号演示
str="new string"
echo '$str'
echo $str
echo "$str"

运行结果:

aaarticlea/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAQkAAAA5CAIAAACqB0kqAAAAA3NCSVQICAjb4U/gAAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAHtElEQVR4nO3deVBT1x4H8JOEJCyxBTWFIpRgVEAUELBSHeE9ZJFBR4voYItO6wh1K3ZBp5Sp5Q1KsVRRsbRTl7q3trUiAoqEvgYN+FiCpkiIeAFjpGikynbDkty8PzAQ+24k5plm6e/zFzP33MuPmfsj55zcb0LpVhcLWzBHG/tV3lkIWAwKKzAuin3jcqVU6bn4k6J0VlrkupP3CFOXZU1sTF0AMBDVceaKb3ZksOloQFa1LyX9NDTGcwa9YaHU3b9kJHhkmLoMa0Y1dQEAmCnoDQDIPdEb1PHBCe9Fu9JNVQwAZkS7N2gs74jED5cFuNnp+WrCDP60/OGpf75glMoAMK2RLmD6pP1QVrb2lQlh6TV1Bdl+TFNWBYDpaXrDbsrbG13LNu6XyApTuHNTjt5RakZQXpjx5pGiij5MhN8SiL5N9rNFCNF93i3CsZqK1WzmnL0dmAjHRBXx7McXY80vaOAffn1Z3s8VOCbChYc2ecI0DVgczR4uhWZrQ/QMqNQIqZWP2sQjA+icdbu2hDVsC11fdY/h9tr8ySqEEBoS5y2yz2MGf1pS5rXd441/d//psjSnJVtj96YlulR1OvoGu/fB1juwOJre6G85XeK+f89balWVA52CkFozgO7oOYFoEVTV35ETSP4jVq/XZalIdnJ79q/SQYS6hXypMSoHwLg0cyqiV7ApdvW/hLhjzJeiQ2/62lEeH1A0HzsjDckprDvx+Z73VkR6jBx4KmXv9bqOQeOUDMBfQmtHSvlIXFrd3s7LL/VKyQl3enxE3Vv12XLO4o/2Cjqdo1LPXcxf667He+nqod5B9djDADBfI71BoQ7/SPTcuiKjOLuyaKODhuSN/CNf7VwZv/5or//ymayRAwShRhQavH8IrNHIPpX3x0X7NibMcHKcmfC+76OKWvnQ8AFbr41b3o4P5ro7uwZExIY5dopkCs3JQ/Jb92lTo6I44+yYTAa0CLAqmhu6v+V43nW7AJ/xDg74mdSk9GuaBiAGB1+O3H74rKTy4pVtM6qz3s9sGNCcTNy9sCtHEnSwXNDZWMOLY0N3ACtC0c5v2HCTTl2Ylj1ri7DP1HUBYGpPrKuV2IEV00xVCQDmBaZBAJCD3gCAHPQGAOSgNwAgZ6G9QZ+cxqsVJDjTxh4KgGHMojeePSNF9IguFZW09sNzKcBoLPRzRlTy4s8zik1dBbBqmtcN6vh4QdPF/JQMflUNjlULv4j10LQNc9KCHUdL5JgIl/DKtkVzGMg+KKOtPjeCpX0h+9DdFbLcV1lIl+eVkWLFnriOYyIcE2nPqWguuuqnsue9W1J5DceqhXs37LpUV5f8CiStgB6051R017jApg0L5kyI3vNHTFpmCAshRGEFZZ/KXtR+cEnkQv+V+W0R239K5hKtV5tspoa4MkbPtWHP9rVtvtyK6/pFwxkpyReh/1gwLXpTJr9zNCPFnR16TD7wn80uXD97rl/oT/LRJBTNacnWWPm+RJfpr3mvPVbfRyDUW5zob++9NLP1fx6BJ6uf9lLUN1+vcb6QGhKemHEvfC0X+gLoSbs3iK7C/HM3cELRWn6y2dY/4CUGooyfn5TIPL8u8+fKlvZmYUH6rkbO0kjP/pu/dkycN8WewuC+k5WxYSoTOXDmO8v5jV06A35aGSkZVv/jkTM3+vUqbzgj1T3QJxXyBfdVTxtMUj914ryV4UOlqbk80e2bhXm7z8PDMEBf2usNVVfbH0qEECIGegeRLYtBRQw3f44De275b/Gjwx62OaGOyt/617zqPk4yJyl+CbXj+Ale0FSVZL9Md5xJ0XzsjJSXU1gXd5lfW1t89jzvtmLslfQzZaRI6qe/7O1CaS9tGX5yUiGr+13po+fVwN+ddm+o1aQ3q7Ixa8bS76VP/Mumuly58+JqHy/xHMX3p1UhQdPu+k+UFooVZOc/vnhv1WfLOefmxoaFRC9OPfdOzOaopAOjn9ig66xnyUjpqB8Ag4yxhzt49/ptJWferBf/NI54KK65Pyk8fqED/2xROSNyRZTbg+rGzqdOeUyRkRr6valD7eo32Q4hhJCdW6CLhW7Mgb/eGPejuvPKgeNdYV/nJi/ydffw9F24auuhLQEOCA3cqW1gzl3nhZVKbpU1uSdHsMRXZU9bQZgmI0U8EHz3Cz06Z3P4dLfJMetTYnTvowHwpLFuRHVP7daVHxwmFh0uLBbzTh5cxe26+WAIIaRo4bUiVWN5g6JfzGtSIml5s849KoSeW0bKdvoHEkyENxV84smYtaOsBxPhF9/i6n4xUN2/lLz+W3ns7lr+6Wy3iiPYoBo+DwjohfJ3+m4apk9W2dHAnVExxY9gZQLGYhbPjBgThRW4LC7amz3O3slvaVKi47Xjtd3QGEAP1r80he83Aoax+t6A7zcCBrL6ORUABoLeAICchfYGZJuA0ZlFb0C2CZghC12LQ7YJGB1kmwAgB9kmAMhBtgkAcpBtAoAcZJsAIAfZJgDIQbYJAHKQbQKAHGSbACBnFs+MGBNkm4CBrH9pCtkmYBir7w3INgEDWf2cCgADQW8AQM5ce8NmUsJVccGHnlY/5xsDzSVeID6fNuUZH5Gk2M1cs69RLMIxUUfu7Of/ps7/nS0z8O8yGrL77b+Q53/7xkYSQwAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==" alt="" />
说明:单引号表示直接的替换,即使有$符号,也是直接输出$str;
双引号中使用$会将变量的值的读取出来使用。
注意:反引号表示命令替换,例如:
\$表示$
\`表示`
\"表示"
\\表示\
 
四、调用linux下的命令
实例4:
 #!/bin/sh
# 在linux下调用命令
mkdir test_dir # 在当前目录下创建一个目录
cd test_dir # 进入test_dir目录
touch a.c # 创建一个文件
cd .. # 返回上层目录
echo `pwd` # 打印当前目录

说明:在shell脚本程序中,使用linux下的命令是直接调用的。关于获取linux命令的返回值是使用反引号(键盘上ESC下面的那个按键,符号是`)。

 
五、if结构
典型表达式:
if [表达式]; then
       xxx 
else
       xxx 
fi
应用:
(1)判断文件是否存在。(-f),使用举例:if [ -f b.c ]; then
(2)判断目录是否存在。(-d),使用举例:if [ -d "/mnt" ]; then
(3)判断字符串是否相等。(=),使用举例:if [ "abc" = "abc" ]; then
(4)判断数字是否相等(-eq)、大于(-gt)、小于(-lt)、大于等于(-ge)、小于等于(-le)。使用举例:if [ $num1 -eq $num2 ]; then
(5)判断字符串是否为空。(-z),使用举例:if [ -z "abc" ]; then
注意:在[]中的空格,前后都需要空格,否则会运行错误。
(6)if判断式中'-o'表示逻辑或。使用举例:if [ "1" = "2" -o "3" = "3" ]; then
(7)逻辑与&&和逻辑或||与简写的if表达式相结合
例如:
[ "123" = "abc"  ] || echo "not equal"  # 执行结果:输出not equal
[ "123" = "123" ] && echo "equal"       # 执行结果:输出equal
说明:在||中,前面的语句如果成立,则后面的命令不执行;如果不成立,则后面的命令执行。
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" alt="" width="414" height="91" />
 
六、echo创建文件
(1)在shell中可以直接使用echo指令创建一个新的文件
例:echo "abc" > a.txt  # 创建一个文件,内容和abc
(2)>>表示在文件末尾追加一个内容
例:echo "cde" > a.txt  # 在文件末尾追加一个字符"cde"
 
九、shell的传参
例:shell程序
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" alt="" />
运行结果:
aaarticlea/png;base64,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" alt="" />
$0是执行这个shell程序的解析的名字,$1是第一有效参数的值,$2是第二个……
 
六、for、while循环和case结构
实例5:
 while [ $# -gt  ] ; do
case "$1" in
--) shift ; break ;;
-a) shift ; APPEND=yes ;;
-n) shift ; BOARD_NAME="${1%%_config}" ; shift ;;
*) break ;;
esac
done

(1)上面是一个while和case嵌套的一个例子。

(2)break对case是没有作用的,表示的是跳出while循环。
(3)case中语句是以;;作为结尾的。
(4)shif是表示输入的参数左移一个。
(5)$#表示执行shell时传递的参数个数
(6)$1表示shell的第一个参数
 

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  声明:部分内容摘录至《朱老师物联网视频教程》http://www.zhulaoshi.org/
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 

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