loadrunner提高篇 - 关联技术的经典使用
关联函数是一个查找函数，即是从HTML文件内容中查找需要的值，并将其保存在一个变量或数组中。换一个角度看，关联函数不单单可以匹配一些变化的值，同样可以匹配一些固定的内容，并将其保存到一个数据组，供后续业务使用，也即对关联函数进行扩展使用，在处理事务中这种方式经常用到。
实例：以订票为例，假设要实现这样的事务，选择好出发城市和到达城市后，在选择航班时，需要选择票价最便宜的航班
实现思路：首先使用关联函数读取HTML代码中票价和航班号，分别将两部分的数据保存在不同的数组中；接着比较票价，选择找到票价最低的是数组中的第几个元素，即最便宜机票所在数据的下标；最后将该下标的值对应地读出航班号，就是最便宜的航班。
完整代码如下：
【注：还没运行成功，主要是不懂代码函数的运用】
Action()
{
//录制订票脚本，为了练习关联技术的经典使用
web_url("WebTours",
"URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours",
"Resource=0",
"RecContentType=text/html",
"Referer=",
"Snapshot=t2.inf",
"Mode=HTTP",
LAST); web_url("header.html",
"URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/header.html",
"Resource=0",
"RecContentType=text/html",
"Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/",
"Snapshot=t4.inf",
"Mode=HTTP",
LAST); web_concurrent_start(NULL); web_url("hp_logo.png",
"URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/images/hp_logo.png",
"Resource=1",
"RecContentType=image/png",
"Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/header.html",
"Snapshot=t5.inf",
LAST); web_url("webtours.png",
"URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/images/webtours.png",
"Resource=0",
"RecContentType=text/html",
"Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/header.html",
"Mode=HTTP",
LAST); web_concurrent_end(NULL); web_url("welcome.pl",
"URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/welcome.pl?signOff=true",
"Resource=0",
"RecContentType=text/html",
"Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/",
"Snapshot=t6.inf",
"Mode=HTTP",
LAST); web_concurrent_start(NULL); web_url("nav.pl",
"URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/nav.pl?in=home",
"Resource=0",
"RecContentType=text/html",
"Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/welcome.pl?signOff=true",
"Snapshot=t7.inf",
"Mode=HTTP",
LAST); web_url("home.html",
"URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/home.html",
"Resource=0",
"RecContentType=text/html",
"Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/welcome.pl?signOff=true",
"Snapshot=t8.inf",
"Mode=HTTP",
LAST); web_concurrent_end(NULL); web_url("mer_login.gif",
"URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/images/mer_login.gif",
"Resource=1",
"RecContentType=image/gif",
"Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/nav.pl?in=home",
"Snapshot=t9.inf",
LAST); web_concurrent_start(NULL); web_url("8afc2fe48db9060fe1bdda2089e1d950.png",
"URL=http://act.cmcmcdn.com/upload/201507/8afc2fe48db9060fe1bdda2089e1d950.png",
"Resource=1",
"RecContentType=image/png",
"Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/",
"Snapshot=t10.inf",
LAST); web_url("3b491068507d8f85ea7b35d756da7215.png",
"URL=http://act.cmcmcdn.com/upload/201507/3b491068507d8f85ea7b35d756da7215.png",
"Resource=1",
"RecContentType=image/png",
"Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/",
"Snapshot=t11.inf",
LAST); web_concurrent_end(NULL); lr_start_transaction("登录"); lr_think_time(); web_submit_data("login.pl",
"Action=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/login.pl",
"Method=POST",
"RecContentType=text/html",
"Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/nav.pl?in=home",
"Snapshot=t12.inf",
"Mode=HTTP",
ITEMDATA,
"Name=userSession", "Value=120844.899311462zcVfQfQpfAiDDDDDDHcQfpHfHAf", ENDITEM,
"Name=username", "Value=test1", ENDITEM,
"Name=password", "Value=test1", ENDITEM,
"Name=JSFormSubmit", "Value=off", ENDITEM,
"Name=login.x", "Value=36", ENDITEM,
"Name=login.y", "Value=15", ENDITEM,
LAST); web_concurrent_start(NULL); web_url("nav.pl_2",
"URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/nav.pl?page=menu&in=home",
"Resource=0",
"RecContentType=text/html",
"Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/login.pl",
"Snapshot=t13.inf",
"Mode=HTTP",
LAST); web_url("login.pl_2",
"URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/login.pl?intro=true",
"Resource=0",
"RecContentType=text/html",
"Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/login.pl",
"Snapshot=t18.inf",
"Mode=HTTP",
LAST); web_concurrent_end(NULL); web_concurrent_start(NULL); web_url("flights.gif",
"URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/images/flights.gif",
"Resource=1",
"RecContentType=image/gif",
"Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/nav.pl?page=menu&in=home",
"Snapshot=t14.inf",
LAST); web_url("in_home.gif",
"URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/images/in_home.gif",
"Resource=1",
"RecContentType=image/gif",
"Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/nav.pl?page=menu&in=home",
"Snapshot=t15.inf",
LAST); web_url("signoff.gif",
"URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/images/signoff.gif",
"Resource=1",
"RecContentType=image/gif",
"Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/nav.pl?page=menu&in=home",
"Snapshot=t16.inf",
LAST); web_url("itinerary.gif",
"URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/images/itinerary.gif",
"Resource=1",
"RecContentType=image/gif",
"Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/nav.pl?page=menu&in=home",
"Snapshot=t17.inf",
LAST); web_concurrent_end(NULL); lr_end_transaction("登录", LR_AUTO); lr_start_transaction("订票"); lr_think_time(); web_url("Search Flights Button",
"URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/welcome.pl?page=search",
"Resource=0",
"RecContentType=text/html",
"Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/nav.pl?page=menu&in=home",
"Snapshot=t19.inf",
"Mode=HTTP",
LAST); web_concurrent_start(NULL); web_url("reservations.pl",
"URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/reservations.pl?page=welcome",
"Resource=0",
"RecContentType=text/html",
"Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/welcome.pl?page=search",
"Snapshot=t20.inf",
"Mode=HTTP",
LAST); web_url("nav.pl_3",
"URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/nav.pl?page=menu&in=flights",
"Resource=0",
"RecContentType=text/html",
"Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/welcome.pl?page=search",
"Snapshot=t21.inf",
"Mode=HTTP",
LAST); web_concurrent_end(NULL); web_url("button_next.gif",
"URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/images/button_next.gif",
"Resource=1",
"RecContentType=image/gif",
"Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/reservations.pl?page=welcome",
"Snapshot=t22.inf",
LAST); web_concurrent_start(NULL); web_url("in_flights.gif",
"URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/images/in_flights.gif",
"Resource=1",
"RecContentType=image/gif",
"Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/nav.pl?page=menu&in=flights",
"Snapshot=t23.inf",
LAST); web_url("home.gif",
"URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/images/home.gif",
"Resource=1",
"RecContentType=image/gif",
"Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/nav.pl?page=menu&in=flights",
"Snapshot=t24.inf",
LAST); web_concurrent_end(NULL); lr_think_time();
/*分析票价和航班号的左右边界值后（可通过航班信息的HTML源代码分析），在这里插入关联函数，进行关联时Ordinal的属性必须设置为all，这样才可以将所有的值匹配到，并将其保存在一个数组中。*/ //这是航班的关联函数
web_reg_save_param_ex(
"ParamName=fligthno",
"LB=outboundFlight value=",
"RB=;",
"Ordinal=all",
SEARCH_FILTERS,
LAST); //这是票价的关联函数
web_reg_save_param_ex(
"ParamName=fligthcost",
"LB=center>$",
"RB=</TD>",
"Ordinal=all",
SEARCH_FILTERS,
LAST);
/*设置一个标记flag来保存票价*/ //初始化最贵机票，将第一个航班的机票设置为初始化的最贵的机票
max = atoi(lr_eval_string ("{wcsparam_text1_1}"));
//初始化标识位，默认设置为1
flagno=;
//for循环所有机票
for (i=;i<=atoi(lr_eval_string ("{wcsparam_text1_count}"));i++) {
sprintf(cost,"{wcsparam_text1_%d}",i);
//比较最前航班的机票是否大于max的值，如果大于max的值，即重新对max赋值
if(atoi(lr_eval_string (cost))>max){
max=atoi(lr_eval_string (cost));
flagno=i;
}
} /*找到最便宜的机票后，可以得到该数组的下标，那这个数组的下标所对应的航班就是票价最便宜的航班，获取航班号的代码如下：*/ //通过标识位来确定航班
sprintf(flightelem,
"{wcsparam_text2_%d}",
flagno);
lr_save_string (lr_eval_string (flightelem),
"fligthno"); web_submit_data("reservations.pl_2",
"Action=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/reservations.pl",
"Method=POST",
"RecContentType=text/html",
"Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/reservations.pl?page=welcome",
"Snapshot=t25.inf",
"Mode=HTTP",
ITEMDATA,
"Name=advanceDiscount", "Value=0", ENDITEM,
"Name=depart", "Value=Denver", ENDITEM,
"Name=departDate", "Value=04/11/2017", ENDITEM,
"Name=arrive", "Value=London", ENDITEM,
"Name=returnDate", "Value=04/12/2017", ENDITEM,
"Name=numPassengers", "Value=1", ENDITEM,
"Name=seatPref", "Value=Window", ENDITEM,
"Name=seatType", "Value=First", ENDITEM,
"Name=.cgifields", "Value=roundtrip", ENDITEM,
"Name=.cgifields", "Value=seatType", ENDITEM,
"Name=.cgifields", "Value=seatPref", ENDITEM,
"Name=findFlights.x", "Value=48", ENDITEM,
"Name=findFlights.y", "Value=10", ENDITEM,
LAST); lr_think_time(); /*获得最便宜的票价和航班后，即将这两部分的信息放入到提交的信息中，作为客户端的请求进行提交即可，具体代码如下*/
web_submit_data("reservations.pl_3",
"Action=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/reservations.pl",
"Method=POST",
"RecContentType=text/html",
"Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/reservations.pl",
"Snapshot=t26.inf",
"Mode=HTTP",
ITEMDATA,
//"Name=outboundFlight", "Value=023;519;04/11/2017", ENDITEM,
"Name=outboundFlight", "Value={flightno};{flightnocost};04/11/2017", ENDITEM,
"Name=numPassengers", "Value=1", ENDITEM,
"Name=advanceDiscount", "Value=0", ENDITEM,
"Name=seatType", "Value=First", ENDITEM,
"Name=seatPref", "Value=Window", ENDITEM,
"Name=reserveFlights.x", "Value=43", ENDITEM,
"Name=reserveFlights.y", "Value=6", ENDITEM,
LAST); web_submit_data("reservations.pl_4",
"Action=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/reservations.pl",
"Method=POST",
"RecContentType=text/html",
"Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/reservations.pl",
"Snapshot=t27.inf",
"Mode=HTTP",
ITEMDATA,
"Name=firstName", "Value=test1", ENDITEM,
"Name=lastName", "Value=test1", ENDITEM,
"Name=address1", "Value=", ENDITEM,
"Name=address2", "Value=", ENDITEM,
"Name=pass1", "Value=test1 test1", ENDITEM,
"Name=creditCard", "Value=", ENDITEM,
"Name=expDate", "Value=", ENDITEM,
"Name=oldCCOption", "Value=", ENDITEM,
"Name=numPassengers", "Value=1", ENDITEM,
"Name=seatType", "Value=First", ENDITEM,
"Name=seatPref", "Value=Window", ENDITEM,
//"Name=outboundFlight", "Value=023;519;04/11/2017", ENDITEM,
"Name=outboundFlight", "Value={flightno};{flightnocost};04/11/2017", ENDITEM,
"Name=advanceDiscount", "Value=0", ENDITEM,
"Name=returnFlight", "Value=", ENDITEM,
"Name=JSFormSubmit", "Value=off", ENDITEM,
"Name=.cgifields", "Value=saveCC", ENDITEM,
"Name=buyFlights.x", "Value=48", ENDITEM,
"Name=buyFlights.y", "Value=6", ENDITEM,
LAST); web_url("bookanother.gif",
"URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/images/bookanother.gif",
"Resource=1",
"RecContentType=image/gif",
"Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/reservations.pl",
"Snapshot=t28.inf",
LAST); lr_end_transaction("订票", LR_AUTO); return ;
}
附上航班信息源码：
<!DOCTYPE html
PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en-US" xml:lang="en-US">
<head>
<title>Flight Selections</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" />
</head>
<body bgcolor="#E0E7F1">
<style>blockquote {font-family: tahoma; font-size : 10pt}H1 {font-family: tahoma; font-size : 22pt; color: #}small {font-family: tahoma; font-size : 8pt}H3 {font-family: tahoma; font-size : 10pt; color: black}TD {font-family: tahoma; font-size : 10pt; color: black}</style><BR><BR><h1><font color=#> <b>Find Flight</font></b></h1><blockquote>
<form method="post" action="reservations.pl" enctype="application/x-www-form-urlencoded"> <center>
<!-- From Denver () To London () -->
<table cellspacing= border= width=%>
<blockquote>Flight departing from <B>Denver</B> to <B>London</B> on <B>//</B><BR><BR><tr bgcolor=#5E7884><td align=center><font color=white><B>Flight</B></font>
<td align=center><font color=white><B>Departure time</B>
<td align=center><font color=white><B>Cost</B>
//从下面可以看出航班（020、021...）的 左边界是 outboundFlight value= 右边界是 ;
// 票价（$ 635、$ 565...）的 左边界是 center>$ 右边界是 </TD>
<tr bgcolor=#EFF2F7>
<td align=center><input type = radio name=outboundFlight value=;;// checked >Blue Sky Air <td align=center>8am<td align=center>$ </TD>
</TR>
<tr bgcolor=#EFF2F7>
<td align=center><input type = radio name=outboundFlight value=;;//>Blue Sky Air <td align=center>1pm<td align=center>$ </TD>
</TR>
<tr bgcolor=#EFF2F7>
<td align=center><input type = radio name=outboundFlight value=;;//>Blue Sky Air <td align=center>5pm<td align=center>$ </TD>
</TR>
<tr bgcolor=#EFF2F7>
<td align=center><input type = radio name=outboundFlight value=;;//>Blue Sky Air <td align=center>11pm<td align=center>$ </TD>
</TR>
</table> <input type="hidden" name="numPassengers" value="" /><input type="hidden" name="advanceDiscount" value="" /><input type="hidden" name="seatType" value="First" /><input type="hidden" name="seatPref" value="Window" />
<P><center><table width=% cellspacing=><tr><td align=center>
<input type="image" name="reserveFlights" src="/WebTours/images/button_next.gif" border="" />
<td> <td align=center></table></center></form></center>
</blockquote> </body>
</html>
航班信息
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