loadrunner提高篇 - 关联技术的经典使用

　　关联函数是一个查找函数，即是从HTML文件内容中查找需要的值，并将其保存在一个变量或数组中。换一个角度看，关联函数不单单可以匹配一些变化的值，同样可以匹配一些固定的内容，并将其保存到一个数据组，供后续业务使用，也即对关联函数进行扩展使用，在处理事务中这种方式经常用到。

　　实例：以订票为例，假设要实现这样的事务，选择好出发城市和到达城市后，在选择航班时，需要选择票价最便宜的航班

　　实现思路：首先使用关联函数读取HTML代码中票价和航班号，分别将两部分的数据保存在不同的数组中；接着比较票价，选择找到票价最低的是数组中的第几个元素，即最便宜机票所在数据的下标；最后将该下标的值对应地读出航班号，就是最便宜的航班。

　　完整代码如下：

【注：还没运行成功，主要是不懂代码函数的运用】

Action()
{
//录制订票脚本，为了练习关联技术的经典使用
    web_url("WebTours",
        "URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours",
        "Resource=0",
        "RecContentType=text/html",
        "Referer=",
        "Snapshot=t2.inf",
        "Mode=HTTP",
        LAST);
 
    web_url("header.html",
        "URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/header.html",
        "Resource=0",
        "RecContentType=text/html",
        "Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/",
        "Snapshot=t4.inf",
        "Mode=HTTP",
        LAST);
 
    web_concurrent_start(NULL);
 
    web_url("hp_logo.png",
        "URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/images/hp_logo.png",
        "Resource=1",
        "RecContentType=image/png",
        "Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/header.html",
        "Snapshot=t5.inf",
        LAST);
 
    web_url("webtours.png",
        "URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/images/webtours.png",
        "Resource=0",
        "RecContentType=text/html",
        "Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/header.html",
        "Mode=HTTP",
        LAST);
 
    web_concurrent_end(NULL);
 
    web_url("welcome.pl",
        "URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/welcome.pl?signOff=true",
        "Resource=0",
        "RecContentType=text/html",
        "Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/",
        "Snapshot=t6.inf",
        "Mode=HTTP",
        LAST);
 
    web_concurrent_start(NULL);
 
    web_url("nav.pl",
        "URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/nav.pl?in=home",
        "Resource=0",
        "RecContentType=text/html",
        "Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/welcome.pl?signOff=true",
        "Snapshot=t7.inf",
        "Mode=HTTP",
        LAST);
 
    web_url("home.html",
        "URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/home.html",
        "Resource=0",
        "RecContentType=text/html",
        "Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/welcome.pl?signOff=true",
        "Snapshot=t8.inf",
        "Mode=HTTP",
        LAST);
 
    web_concurrent_end(NULL);
 
    web_url("mer_login.gif",
        "URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/images/mer_login.gif",
        "Resource=1",
        "RecContentType=image/gif",
        "Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/nav.pl?in=home",
        "Snapshot=t9.inf",
        LAST);
 
    web_concurrent_start(NULL);
 
    web_url("8afc2fe48db9060fe1bdda2089e1d950.png",
        "URL=http://act.cmcmcdn.com/upload/201507/8afc2fe48db9060fe1bdda2089e1d950.png",
        "Resource=1",
        "RecContentType=image/png",
        "Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/",
        "Snapshot=t10.inf",
        LAST);
 
    web_url("3b491068507d8f85ea7b35d756da7215.png",
        "URL=http://act.cmcmcdn.com/upload/201507/3b491068507d8f85ea7b35d756da7215.png",
        "Resource=1",
        "RecContentType=image/png",
        "Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/",
        "Snapshot=t11.inf",
        LAST);
 
    web_concurrent_end(NULL);
 
    lr_start_transaction("登录");
 
    lr_think_time();
 
    web_submit_data("login.pl",
        "Action=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/login.pl",
        "Method=POST",
        "RecContentType=text/html",
        "Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/nav.pl?in=home",
        "Snapshot=t12.inf",
        "Mode=HTTP",
        ITEMDATA,
        "Name=userSession", "Value=120844.899311462zcVfQfQpfAiDDDDDDHcQfpHfHAf", ENDITEM,
        "Name=username", "Value=test1", ENDITEM,
        "Name=password", "Value=test1", ENDITEM,
        "Name=JSFormSubmit", "Value=off", ENDITEM,
        "Name=login.x", "Value=36", ENDITEM,
        "Name=login.y", "Value=15", ENDITEM,
        LAST);
 
    web_concurrent_start(NULL);
 
    web_url("nav.pl_2",
        "URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/nav.pl?page=menu&in=home",
        "Resource=0",
        "RecContentType=text/html",
        "Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/login.pl",
        "Snapshot=t13.inf",
        "Mode=HTTP",
        LAST);
 
    web_url("login.pl_2",
        "URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/login.pl?intro=true",
        "Resource=0",
        "RecContentType=text/html",
        "Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/login.pl",
        "Snapshot=t18.inf",
        "Mode=HTTP",
        LAST);
 
    web_concurrent_end(NULL);
 
    web_concurrent_start(NULL);
 
    web_url("flights.gif",
        "URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/images/flights.gif",
        "Resource=1",
        "RecContentType=image/gif",
        "Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/nav.pl?page=menu&in=home",
        "Snapshot=t14.inf",
        LAST);
 
    web_url("in_home.gif",
        "URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/images/in_home.gif",
        "Resource=1",
        "RecContentType=image/gif",
        "Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/nav.pl?page=menu&in=home",
        "Snapshot=t15.inf",
        LAST);
 
    web_url("signoff.gif",
        "URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/images/signoff.gif",
        "Resource=1",
        "RecContentType=image/gif",
        "Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/nav.pl?page=menu&in=home",
        "Snapshot=t16.inf",
        LAST);
 
    web_url("itinerary.gif",
        "URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/images/itinerary.gif",
        "Resource=1",
        "RecContentType=image/gif",
        "Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/nav.pl?page=menu&in=home",
        "Snapshot=t17.inf",
        LAST);
 
    web_concurrent_end(NULL);
 
    lr_end_transaction("登录", LR_AUTO);
 
    lr_start_transaction("订票");
 
    lr_think_time();
 
    web_url("Search Flights Button",
        "URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/welcome.pl?page=search",
        "Resource=0",
        "RecContentType=text/html",
        "Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/nav.pl?page=menu&in=home",
        "Snapshot=t19.inf",
        "Mode=HTTP",
        LAST);
 
    web_concurrent_start(NULL);
 
    web_url("reservations.pl",
        "URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/reservations.pl?page=welcome",
        "Resource=0",
        "RecContentType=text/html",
        "Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/welcome.pl?page=search",
        "Snapshot=t20.inf",
        "Mode=HTTP",
        LAST);
 
    web_url("nav.pl_3",
        "URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/nav.pl?page=menu&in=flights",
        "Resource=0",
        "RecContentType=text/html",
        "Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/welcome.pl?page=search",
        "Snapshot=t21.inf",
        "Mode=HTTP",
        LAST);
 
    web_concurrent_end(NULL);
 
    web_url("button_next.gif",
        "URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/images/button_next.gif",
        "Resource=1",
        "RecContentType=image/gif",
        "Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/reservations.pl?page=welcome",
        "Snapshot=t22.inf",
        LAST);
 
    web_concurrent_start(NULL);
 
    web_url("in_flights.gif",
        "URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/images/in_flights.gif",
        "Resource=1",
        "RecContentType=image/gif",
        "Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/nav.pl?page=menu&in=flights",
        "Snapshot=t23.inf",
        LAST);
 
    web_url("home.gif",
        "URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/images/home.gif",
        "Resource=1",
        "RecContentType=image/gif",
        "Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/nav.pl?page=menu&in=flights",
        "Snapshot=t24.inf",
        LAST);
 
    web_concurrent_end(NULL);
 
    lr_think_time();
/*分析票价和航班号的左右边界值后（可通过航班信息的HTML源代码分析），在这里插入关联函数，进行关联时Ordinal的属性必须设置为all，这样才可以将所有的值匹配到，并将其保存在一个数组中。*/
 
    //这是航班的关联函数
    web_reg_save_param_ex(
        "ParamName=fligthno",
        "LB=outboundFlight value=",
        "RB=;",
        "Ordinal=all",
        SEARCH_FILTERS,
        LAST);
 
    //这是票价的关联函数
    web_reg_save_param_ex(
        "ParamName=fligthcost",
        "LB=center>$",
        "RB=</TD>",
        "Ordinal=all",
        SEARCH_FILTERS,
        LAST);
/*设置一个标记flag来保存票价*/
 
    //初始化最贵机票，将第一个航班的机票设置为初始化的最贵的机票
    max = atoi(lr_eval_string ("{wcsparam_text1_1}"));
    //初始化标识位，默认设置为1
    flagno=;
    //for循环所有机票
    for (i=;i<=atoi(lr_eval_string ("{wcsparam_text1_count}"));i++) {
        sprintf(cost,"{wcsparam_text1_%d}",i);
    //比较最前航班的机票是否大于max的值，如果大于max的值，即重新对max赋值
            if(atoi(lr_eval_string (cost))>max){
                max=atoi(lr_eval_string (cost));
                flagno=i;
            }
    }
 
/*找到最便宜的机票后，可以得到该数组的下标，那这个数组的下标所对应的航班就是票价最便宜的航班，获取航班号的代码如下：*/
 
    //通过标识位来确定航班
    sprintf(flightelem,
            "{wcsparam_text2_%d}",
            flagno);
    lr_save_string (lr_eval_string (flightelem),
                    "fligthno");
 
    web_submit_data("reservations.pl_2",
        "Action=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/reservations.pl",
        "Method=POST",
        "RecContentType=text/html",
        "Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/reservations.pl?page=welcome",
        "Snapshot=t25.inf",
        "Mode=HTTP",
        ITEMDATA,
        "Name=advanceDiscount", "Value=0", ENDITEM,
        "Name=depart", "Value=Denver", ENDITEM,
        "Name=departDate", "Value=04/11/2017", ENDITEM,
        "Name=arrive", "Value=London", ENDITEM,
        "Name=returnDate", "Value=04/12/2017", ENDITEM,
        "Name=numPassengers", "Value=1", ENDITEM,
        "Name=seatPref", "Value=Window", ENDITEM,
        "Name=seatType", "Value=First", ENDITEM,
        "Name=.cgifields", "Value=roundtrip", ENDITEM,
        "Name=.cgifields", "Value=seatType", ENDITEM,
        "Name=.cgifields", "Value=seatPref", ENDITEM,
        "Name=findFlights.x", "Value=48", ENDITEM,
        "Name=findFlights.y", "Value=10", ENDITEM,
        LAST);
 
    lr_think_time();
 
/*获得最便宜的票价和航班后，即将这两部分的信息放入到提交的信息中，作为客户端的请求进行提交即可，具体代码如下*/
    web_submit_data("reservations.pl_3",
        "Action=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/reservations.pl",
        "Method=POST",
        "RecContentType=text/html",
        "Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/reservations.pl",
        "Snapshot=t26.inf",
        "Mode=HTTP",
        ITEMDATA,
        //"Name=outboundFlight", "Value=023;519;04/11/2017", ENDITEM,
        "Name=outboundFlight", "Value={flightno};{flightnocost};04/11/2017", ENDITEM,
        "Name=numPassengers", "Value=1", ENDITEM,
        "Name=advanceDiscount", "Value=0", ENDITEM,
        "Name=seatType", "Value=First", ENDITEM,
        "Name=seatPref", "Value=Window", ENDITEM,
        "Name=reserveFlights.x", "Value=43", ENDITEM,
        "Name=reserveFlights.y", "Value=6", ENDITEM,
        LAST);
 
    web_submit_data("reservations.pl_4",
        "Action=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/reservations.pl",
        "Method=POST",
        "RecContentType=text/html",
        "Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/reservations.pl",
        "Snapshot=t27.inf",
        "Mode=HTTP",
        ITEMDATA,
        "Name=firstName", "Value=test1", ENDITEM,
        "Name=lastName", "Value=test1", ENDITEM,
        "Name=address1", "Value=", ENDITEM,
        "Name=address2", "Value=", ENDITEM,
        "Name=pass1", "Value=test1 test1", ENDITEM,
        "Name=creditCard", "Value=", ENDITEM,
        "Name=expDate", "Value=", ENDITEM,
        "Name=oldCCOption", "Value=", ENDITEM,
        "Name=numPassengers", "Value=1", ENDITEM,
        "Name=seatType", "Value=First", ENDITEM,
        "Name=seatPref", "Value=Window", ENDITEM,
        //"Name=outboundFlight", "Value=023;519;04/11/2017", ENDITEM,
        "Name=outboundFlight", "Value={flightno};{flightnocost};04/11/2017", ENDITEM,
        "Name=advanceDiscount", "Value=0", ENDITEM,
        "Name=returnFlight", "Value=", ENDITEM,
        "Name=JSFormSubmit", "Value=off", ENDITEM,
        "Name=.cgifields", "Value=saveCC", ENDITEM,
        "Name=buyFlights.x", "Value=48", ENDITEM,
        "Name=buyFlights.y", "Value=6", ENDITEM,
        LAST);
 
    web_url("bookanother.gif",
        "URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/images/bookanother.gif",
        "Resource=1",
        "RecContentType=image/gif",
        "Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/reservations.pl",
        "Snapshot=t28.inf",
        LAST);
 
    lr_end_transaction("订票", LR_AUTO);
 
return ;
}

附上航班信息源码：

<!DOCTYPE html
    PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
     "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en-US" xml:lang="en-US">
<head>
<title>Flight Selections</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" />
</head>
<body bgcolor="#E0E7F1">
<style>blockquote {font-family: tahoma; font-size : 10pt}H1 {font-family: tahoma; font-size : 22pt; color: #}small {font-family: tahoma; font-size : 8pt}H3 {font-family: tahoma; font-size : 10pt; color: black}TD {font-family: tahoma; font-size : 10pt; color: black}</style><BR><BR><h1><font color=#>&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>Find Flight</font></b></h1><blockquote>
<form method="post" action="reservations.pl" enctype="application/x-www-form-urlencoded">
 
<center>
<!-- From Denver () To London () -->
<table cellspacing= border= width=%>
<blockquote>Flight departing from <B>Denver</B> to <B>London</B> on <B>//</B><BR><BR><tr bgcolor=#5E7884><td align=center><font color=white><B>Flight</B></font>
              <td align=center><font color=white><B>Departure time</B>
              <td align=center><font color=white><B>Cost</B>
//从下面可以看出航班（020、021...）的      左边界是 outboundFlight value=               右边界是  ;
//              票价（$ 635、$ 565...）的  左边界是 center>$                            右边界是  </TD>
<tr bgcolor=#EFF2F7>
    <td align=center><input type = radio name=outboundFlight value=;;// checked >Blue Sky Air <td align=center>8am<td align=center>$ </TD>
</TR>
<tr bgcolor=#EFF2F7>
    <td align=center><input type = radio name=outboundFlight value=;;//>Blue Sky Air <td align=center>1pm<td align=center>$ </TD>
</TR>
<tr bgcolor=#EFF2F7>
    <td align=center><input type = radio name=outboundFlight value=;;//>Blue Sky Air <td align=center>5pm<td align=center>$ </TD>
</TR>
<tr bgcolor=#EFF2F7>
    <td align=center><input type = radio name=outboundFlight value=;;//>Blue Sky Air <td align=center>11pm<td align=center>$ </TD>
</TR>
</table>
 
<input type="hidden" name="numPassengers" value=""  /><input type="hidden" name="advanceDiscount" value=""  /><input type="hidden" name="seatType" value="First"  /><input type="hidden" name="seatPref" value="Window"  />
<P><center><table width=% cellspacing=><tr><td align=center>
<input type="image" name="reserveFlights" src="/WebTours/images/button_next.gif" border="" />
<td>&nbsp;<td align=center></table></center></form></center>
</blockquote>
 
</body>
</html>

航班信息

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