kubernetes核心实战（九）

14、Ingress

检查是否有安装

[root@k8s-master-node1 ~/yaml/test]# kubectl get pod,svc -n ingress-nginx

NAME                                           READY   STATUS      RESTARTS   AGE

pod/ingress-nginx-admission-create--1-74mtg    0/1     Completed   0          172m

pod/ingress-nginx-admission-patch--1-5qrct     0/1     Completed   0          172m

pod/ingress-nginx-controller-f97bd58b5-vr8c2   1/1     Running     0          172m

NAME                                         TYPE        CLUSTER-IP      EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)                      AGE

service/ingress-nginx-controller             NodePort    10.96.109.80    <none>        80:30127/TCP,443:36903/TCP   172m

service/ingress-nginx-controller-admission   ClusterIP   10.96.215.201   <none>        443/TCP                      172m

[root@k8s-master-node1 ~/yaml/test]#

若未安装可以查看官网文档：https://kubernetes.github.io/ingress-nginx/deploy/

创建环境：

[root@k8s-master-node1 ~/yaml/test]# vim ingress.yaml

[root@k8s-master-node1 ~/yaml/test]#

[root@k8s-master-node1 ~/yaml/test]# cat ingress.yaml

apiVersion: apps/v1

kind: Deployment

metadata:

  name: hello-server

spec:

  replicas: 2

  selector:

    matchLabels:

      app: hello-server

  template:

    metadata:

      labels:

        app: hello-server

    spec:

      containers:

      - name: hello-server

        image: registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/lfy_k8s_images/hello-server

        ports:

        - containerPort: 9000

---

apiVersion: apps/v1

kind: Deployment

metadata:

  labels:

    app: nginx-demo

  name: nginx-demo

spec:

  replicas: 2

  selector:

    matchLabels:

      app: nginx-demo

  template:

    metadata:

      labels:

        app: nginx-demo

    spec:

      containers:

      - image: nginx

        name: nginx

---

apiVersion: v1

kind: Service

metadata:

  labels:

    app: nginx-demo

  name: nginx-demo

spec:

  selector:

    app: nginx-demo

  ports:

  - port: 8000

    protocol: TCP

    targetPort: 80

---

apiVersion: v1

kind: Service

metadata:

  labels:

    app: hello-server

  name: hello-server

spec:

  selector:

    app: hello-server

  ports:

  - port: 8000

    protocol: TCP

    targetPort: 9000

[root@k8s-master-node1 ~/yaml/test]#

[root@k8s-master-node1 ~/yaml/test]# kubectl  apply  -f ingress.yaml

deployment.apps/hello-server created

deployment.apps/nginx-demo created

service/nginx-demo created

service/hello-server created

[root@k8s-master-node1 ~/yaml/test]#

查看四层负载并测试

[root@k8s-master-node1 ~/yaml/test]# kubectl  get service

NAME               TYPE        CLUSTER-IP      EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)          AGE

hello-server       ClusterIP   10.96.246.46    <none>        8000/TCP         21s

ingress-demo-app   ClusterIP   10.96.145.40    <none>        80/TCP           3h1m

kubernetes         ClusterIP   10.96.0.1       <none>        443/TCP          3h3m

my-dep             NodePort    10.96.241.162   <none>        8000:32306/TCP   23m

nginx              ClusterIP   None            <none>        80/TCP           115m

nginx-demo         ClusterIP   10.96.162.193   <none>        8000/TCP         21s

[root@k8s-master-node1 ~/yaml/test]#

[root@k8s-master-node1 ~/yaml/test]#

[root@k8s-master-node1 ~/yaml/test]# curl  -I 10.96.162.193:8000

HTTP/1.1 200 OK

Server: nginx/1.21.4

Date: Wed, 17 Nov 2021 09:49:40 GMT

Content-Type: text/html

Content-Length: 615

Last-Modified: Tue, 02 Nov 2021 14:49:22 GMT

Connection: keep-alive

ETag: "61814ff2-267"

Accept-Ranges: bytes

[root@k8s-master-node1 ~/yaml/test]# curl  -I 10.96.246.46:8000

HTTP/1.1 200 OK

Date: Wed, 17 Nov 2021 09:49:52 GMT

Content-Length: 12

Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8

[root@k8s-master-node1 ~/yaml/test]#

创建七层

[root@k8s-master-node1 ~/yaml/test]# vim ingress-7.yaml

[root@k8s-master-node1 ~/yaml/test]#

[root@k8s-master-node1 ~/yaml/test]#

[root@k8s-master-node1 ~/yaml/test]# cat ingress-7.yaml

apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1

kind: Ingress

metadata:

  name: ingress-host-bar

spec:

  ingressClassName: nginx

  rules:

  - host: "hello.chenby.cn"

    http:

      paths:

      - pathType: Prefix

        path: "/"

        backend:

          service:

            name: hello-server

            port:

              number: 8000

  - host: "demo.chenby.cn"

    http:

      paths:

      - pathType: Prefix

        path: "/nginx"  # 把请求会转给下面的服务，下面的服务一定要能处理这个路径，不能处理就是404

        backend:

          service:

            name: nginx-demo  ## java，比如使用路径重写，去掉前缀nginx

            port:

              number: 8000

[root@k8s-master-node1 ~/yaml/test]#

[root@k8s-master-node1 ~/yaml/test]# kubectl  apply  -f ingress-7.yaml

ingress.networking.k8s.io/ingress-host-bar created

[root@k8s-master-node1 ~/yaml/test]#

[root@k8s-master-node1 ~/yaml/test]#

[root@k8s-master-node1 ~/yaml/test]# kubectl  get ingress

NAME               CLASS    HOSTS                            ADDRESS        PORTS   AGE

ingress-demo-app   <none>   app.demo.com                     192.168.1.62   80      3h14m

ingress-host-bar   nginx    hello.chenby.cn,demo.chenby.cn   192.168.1.62   80      9m50s

[root@k8s-master-node1 ~/yaml/test]#

[root@k8s-master-node1 ~/yaml/test]# kubectl  describe ingress  ingress-host-bar

Name:             ingress-host-bar

Namespace:        default

Address:          192.168.1.62

Default backend:  default-http-backend:80 (10.244.2.7:8080)

Rules:

  Host             Path  Backends

  ----             ----  --------

  hello.chenby.cn

                   /   hello-server:8000 (10.244.2.47:9000,10.244.2.48:9000)

  demo.chenby.cn

                   /nginx   nginx-demo:8000 (10.244.0.13:80,10.244.1.34:80)

Annotations:       <none>

Events:

  Type    Reason  Age                    From                      Message

  ----    ------  ----                   ----                      -------

  Normal  Sync    6m26s (x2 over 6m50s)  nginx-ingress-controller  Scheduled for sync

[root@k8s-master-node1 ~/yaml/test]#

电脑上写死hosts

[root@k8s-master-node1 ~/yaml/test]# kubectl  get service ingress-demo-app

NAME               TYPE        CLUSTER-IP     EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)   AGE

ingress-demo-app   ClusterIP   10.96.145.40   <none>        80/TCP    3h15m

[root@k8s-master-node1 ~/yaml/test]# 

10.96.145.40 hello.chenby.cn

10.96.145.40 demo.chenby.cn

测试访问

[root@k8s-master-node1 ~/yaml/test]# curl hello.chenby.cn

Hostname: ingress-demo-app-694bf5d965-8rh7f

IP: 127.0.0.1

IP: 10.244.1.6

RemoteAddr: 192.168.1.61:49809

GET / HTTP/1.1

Host: hello.chenby.cn

User-Agent: curl/7.68.0

Accept: */*

[root@k8s-master-node1 ~/yaml/test]#

[root@k8s-master-node1 ~/yaml/test]# curl demo.chenby.cn

Hostname: ingress-demo-app-694bf5d965-swkpb

IP: 127.0.0.1

IP: 10.244.2.4

RemoteAddr: 192.168.1.61:57797

GET / HTTP/1.1

Host: demo.chenby.cn

User-Agent: curl/7.68.0

Accept: */*

[root@k8s-master-node1 ~/yaml/test]#

url 重写

[root@k8s-master-node1 ~/yaml/test]# vim ingress-url

[root@k8s-master-node1 ~/yaml/test]# cat ingress-url.yaml

apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1

kind: Ingress

metadata:

  annotations:

    nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/rewrite-target: /$2

  name: ingress-host-bar

spec:

  ingressClassName: nginx

  rules:

  - host: "hello.chenby.cn"

    http:

      paths:

      - pathType: Prefix

        path: "/"

        backend:

          service:

            name: hello-server

            port:

              number: 8000

  - host: "demo.chenby.cn"

    http:

      paths:

      - pathType: Prefix

        path: "/nginx(/|$)(.*)"  # 把请求会转给下面的服务，下面的服务一定要能处理这个路径，不能处理就是404

        backend:

          service:

            name: nginx-demo  ## java，比如使用路径重写，去掉前缀nginx

            port:

              number: 8000

[root@k8s-master-node1 ~/yaml/test]# kubectl  apply -f ingress-url.yaml

ingress.networking.k8s.io/ingress-host-bar created

[root@k8s-master-node1 ~/yaml/test]#

[root@k8s-master-node1 ~/yaml/test]# curl hello.chenby.cn

Hostname: ingress-demo-app-694bf5d965-8rh7f

IP: 127.0.0.1

IP: 10.244.1.6

RemoteAddr: 192.168.1.61:42303

GET / HTTP/1.1

Host: hello.chenby.cn

User-Agent: curl/7.68.0

Accept: */*

[root@k8s-master-node1 ~/yaml/test]# curl demo.chenby.cn

Hostname: ingress-demo-app-694bf5d965-swkpb

IP: 127.0.0.1

IP: 10.244.2.4

RemoteAddr: 192.168.1.61:1108

GET / HTTP/1.1

Host: demo.chenby.cn

User-Agent: curl/7.68.0

Accept: */*

[root@k8s-master-node1 ~/yaml/test]#

流量限制

[root@k8s-master-node1 ~/yaml/test]# vim ingress-limit

[root@k8s-master-node1 ~/yaml/test]# cat ingress-limit.yaml

apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1

kind: Ingress

metadata:

  name: ingress-limit-rate

  annotations:

    nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/limit-rps: "1"

spec:

  ingressClassName: nginx

  rules:

  - host: "haha.chenby.cn"

    http:

      paths:

      - pathType: Exact

        path: "/"

        backend:

          service:

            name: nginx-demo

            port:

              number: 8000

[root@k8s-master-node1 ~/yaml/test]#

[root@k8s-master-node1 ~/yaml/test]# kubectl apply -f ingress-limit.yaml

ingress.networking.k8s.io/ingress-limit-rate created

[root@k8s-master-node1 ~/yaml/test]#

[root@k8s-master-node1 ~/yaml/test]# vim /etc/hosts

[root@k8s-master-node1 ~/yaml/test]#

[root@k8s-master-node1 ~/yaml/test]#

[root@k8s-master-node1 ~/yaml/test]# curl haha.chenby.cn

Hostname: ingress-demo-app-694bf5d965-8rh7f

IP: 127.0.0.1

IP: 10.244.1.6

RemoteAddr: 192.168.1.61:1676

GET / HTTP/1.1

Host: haha.chenby.cn

User-Agent: curl/7.68.0

Accept: */*

[root@k8s-master-node1 ~/yaml/test]#

注：可以将server 改为nodeport 即可在外部访问，将 type 改为 NodePort

[root@k8s-master-node1 ~/yaml/test]# kubectl  get service ingress-demo-app

NAME               TYPE        CLUSTER-IP     EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)   AGE

ingress-demo-app   ClusterIP   10.96.145.40   <none>        80/TCP    6h27m

[root@k8s-master-node1 ~/yaml/test]# kubectl  edit service ingress-demo-app

service/ingress-demo-app edited

[root@k8s-master-node1 ~/yaml/test]#

[root@k8s-master-node1 ~/yaml/test]#

[root@k8s-master-node1 ~/yaml/test]# kubectl  get service ingress-demo-app

NAME               TYPE       CLUSTER-IP     EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)        AGE

ingress-demo-app   NodePort   10.96.145.40   <none>        80:30975/TCP   6h28m

[root@k8s-master-node1 ~/yaml/test]#

https://blog.csdn.net/qq_33921750

https://my.oschina.net/u/3981543

https://www.zhihu.com/people/chen-bu-yun-2

https://segmentfault.com/u/hppyvyv6/articles

https://juejin.cn/user/3315782802482007

https://space.bilibili.com/352476552/article

https://cloud.tencent.com/developer/column/93230

知乎、CSDN、开源中国、思否、掘金、哔哩哔哩、腾讯云

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