Oracle数据库shutdown immediate被hang住的几个原因

实验操作环境：

        操作系统：Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES release 4 (Nahant Update 6)                  

        数据库 ： Oracle Database 10g Release 10.2.0.4.0 – Production  32bit

今晚使用shutdown immediate（其实是执行stop_oracle.sh脚本关闭数据库，如下所示）关闭数据库的时候，

   1: [oracle@gsp-orasvr02 scripts]$ more stop_oracle.sh

   2: lsnrctl stop LISTENER

   3: sleep 15

   4: sqlplus /nolog <<EOF

   5: conn / as sysdba;

   6: alter system switch logfile;

   7: alter system checkpoint;

   8: shutdown immediate;

   9: exit

  10: EOF

在另外一个会话中使用tail  -20f  命令查看告警日志的输出，结果发现数据库等待了很长时间都没有正常关闭，hang住在下面地方：

Active call for process 11121 user 'oracle' program 'oracle@get-orasvr02 (S000)'

Active call for process 7162 user 'oracle' program 'oracle@get-orasvr02 (S011)'

                                                           截图如下

这时解决办法是找出hang住的进程并杀掉(当时操作没有截图，也没有保存输出信息),因为有些session无法被pmon进程清理，导致数据库无法顺利关闭，需要手工杀掉进程。首先使用ps 和grep找到这两个进程。

[ oracle@get-orasvr02  bdump]$ ps -ef | grep oracle | grep  S000

[ oracle@get-orasvr02  bdump]$ ps -ef | grep oracle | grep  S011

然后使用kill -9  processesid杀掉这两个进程即可，杀掉这两个进程后，从告警日志里面看到里面跳到关闭dispatcher 。如下所示：

   1: [ oracle@get-orasvr02  bdump]$ tail  alert_epps.log

   2:   Current log# 3 seq# 242223 mem# 1: /u02/oradata/epps/redo03_01.log

   3: Sun Jan 5 05:14:50 2014

   4: Starting control autobackup

   5: Control autobackup written to DISK device

   6:         handle '/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/c-2179993557-20140105-0e'

   7: Sun Jan 5 05:14:54 2014

   8: ALTER SYSTEM ARCHIVE LOG

   9: Sun Jan 5 05:14:55 2014

  10: Thread 1 cannot allocate new log, sequence 242224

  11: Checkpoint not complete

  12:   Current log# 3 seq# 242223 mem# 0: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/epps/redo03_1.log

  13:   Current log# 3 seq# 242223 mem# 1: /u02/oradata/epps/redo03_01.log

  14: Sun Jan 5 05:14:58 2014

  15: Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 242224 (LGWR switch)

  16:   Current log# 5 seq# 242224 mem# 0: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/epps/redo05_1.log

  17:   Current log# 5 seq# 242224 mem# 1: /u02/oradata/epps/redo05_02.log

  18: Sun Jan 5 07:31:56 2014

  19: Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 242225 (LGWR switch)

  20:   Current log# 2 seq# 242225 mem# 0: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/epps/redo02_1.log

  21:   Current log# 2 seq# 242225 mem# 1: /u02/oradata/epps/redo02_02.log

  22: Sun Jan 5 07:32:20 2014

  23: Starting background process EMN0

  24: Shutting down instance: further logons disabled

  25: EMN0 started with pid=43, OS id=7062

  26: Sun Jan 5 07:32:21 2014

  27: Stopping background process CJQ0

  28: Sun Jan 5 07:32:21 2014

  29: Stopping background process QMNC

  30: Sun Jan 5 07:32:23 2014

  31: Stopping background process MMNL

  32: Sun Jan 5 07:32:34 2014

  33: Background process MMNL not dead after 10 seconds

  34: Sun Jan 5 07:32:34 2014

  35: Killing background process MMNL

  36: Sun Jan 5 07:32:35 2014

  37: Stopping background process MMON

  38: Sun Jan 5 07:33:05 2014

  39: Background process MMON not dead after 30 seconds

  40: Sun Jan 5 07:33:05 2014

  41: Killing background process MMON

  42: Sun Jan 5 07:33:06 2014

  43: Shutting down instance (immediate)

  44: License high water mark = 561

  45: Sun Jan 5 07:33:06 2014

  46: Stopping Job queue slave processes, flags = 7

  47: Sun Jan 5 07:33:06 2014

  48: Process OS id : 6088 alive after kill

  49: Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/admin/epps/udump/epps_ora_7055.trc

  50: Sun Jan 5 07:33:09 2014

  51: Waiting for Job queue slaves to complete

  52: Sun Jan 5 07:33:09 2014

  53: Job queue slave processes stopped

  54: Sun Jan 5 07:38:10 2014

  55: Active call for process 11121 user 'oracle' program 'oracle@get-orasvr02 (S000)'

  56: Active call for process 7162 user 'oracle' program 'oracle@get-orasvr02 (S011)'

  57: SHUTDOWN: waiting for active calls to complete.

  58: Sun Jan 5 07:57:28 2014

  59: Waiting for dispatcher 'D000' to shutdown

  60: Waiting for dispatcher 'D001' to shutdown

  61: Waiting for dispatcher 'D002' to shutdown

  62: Waiting for dispatcher 'D003' to shutdown

  63: Waiting for dispatcher 'D004' to shutdown

  64: Waiting for dispatcher 'D005' to shutdown

  65: Waiting for dispatcher 'D006' to shutdown

  66: Sun Jan 5 07:59:29 2014

  67: All dispatchers and shared servers shutdown

  68: Sun Jan 5 08:04:30 2014

  69: SHUTDOWN: Active processes prevent shutdown operation

  70: Sun Jan 5 08:09:32 2014

  71: SHUTDOWN: Active processes prevent shutdown operation

Oracle的官方文档介绍、解释如下

The database is waiting for pmon to clean up processes, but pmon is unable to

clean them. The client connections to the server are causing the shutdown

immediate or normal to hang. Killing them allows pmon to clean up and release

the associated Oracle processes and resources.

What resources are we talking about?

1) Any non committed transactions must be rolled back

2) Any temporary space (sort segments / lobs / session temporary tables) must be freed

3) The session itself and any associated memory consumed by the session.

4) Internal locks / enqueues must be cleaned up

Often Oracle (SMON or PMON depending on whether Shared Server is used) will wait for the OS to terminate the process(es) associated with the session. If the OS never returns, or fails to terminate them, then the instance shutdown will hang with this message (Shutdown Waiting for Active Calls to Complete)

Other means exist to achieve a quick shutdown, as outlined inNote 386408.1- What Is The Fastest Way To Cleanly Shutdown An Oracle Database?

结果解决上面问题后，本以为可以顺利关闭数据库，结果又hang住了，告警日志信息提示为

SHUTDOWN: Active processes prevent shutdown operation

出现这个错误原因：

因为我大概如下的操作导致：

[oracle@gsp-orasvr02 scripts]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

...........

SQL> !

[oracle@get-orasvr02 ~]$

..... （执行了一些shell 命令）

然后又使用了sqlplus启动登录了数据库，然后做shutdown immediate操作，这时导致shutdown immediate被hang住。

[oracle@gsp-orasvr02 scripts]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

解决办法：退出当前的会话，回到原始会话，并重新连接，就可以正常的关闭数据库了

参考资料：

http://oracle.chinaitlab.com/optimize/761636_2.html

http://blog.csdn.net/xionglang7/article/details/8997081

http://blog.csdn.net/leshami/article/details/9466559