laravel5.4新特性

http://www.cnblogs.com/webskill/category/1067140.html

laravel 5.4 新特性

component and slot

使用：

1.component panel

<article class="message">
  <div class="message-header">
    <p>Hello World</p>
    <button class="delete" aria-label="delete"></button>
  </div>
  <div class="message-body">
    Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. <strong>Pellentesque risus mi</strong>, tempus quis placerat ut, porta nec nulla. Vestibulum rhoncus ac ex sit amet fringilla. Nullam gravida purus diam, et dictum <a>felis venenatis</a> efficitur. Aenean ac <em>eleifend lacus</em>, in mollis lectus. Donec sodales, arcu et sollicitudin porttitor, tortor urna tempor ligula, id porttitor mi magna a neque. Donec dui urna, vehicula et sem eget, facilisis sodales sem.
  </div>
</article>

2.其中header和body需要传入变量

<article class="message">
  <div class="message-header">
    <p>{{$title}}</p>
    <button class="delete" aria-label="delete"></button>
  </div>
  <div class="message-body">
    {{$content}}
  </div>
</article>

3.views.components.index 中 需要引用component模版panel

@component('components.panel')
    @slot('title')
        hello world
    @endslot
    @slot('content')
        have a nice day
    @endslot
@endcomponent

4.如果要传入默认content

panel.blade.php修改如下：

 <article class="message">
    <div class="message-header">
      <p>{{$title}}</p>
      <button class="delete" aria-label="delete"></button>
    </div>
    <div class="message-body">
      {{$slot}}
    </div>
  </article>

index.blade.php修改如下

@component('components.panel')
    @slot('title')
        hello world
    @endslot
        have a nice day
@endcomponent

//可多来几个：

@component('components.panel')
    @slot('title')
        hello world
    @endslot
    have a nice day123
@endcomponent

5.还可以这样给默认值：title默认为laravel

panel.blade.php修改如下：

     <article class="message">
        <div class="message-header">
          <p>{{$title ?? 'laravel'}}</p>
          <button class="delete" aria-label="delete"></button>
        </div>
        <div class="message-body">
          {{$slot}}
        </div>
      </article>
index.blade.php修改如下

    @component('components.panel')
            have a nice day
    @endcomponent

laravel 邮件

本文使用qq邮箱

env邮件配置：

MAIL_FROM_ADDRESS = 17******92@qq.com
MAIL_FROM_NAME = listen~

MAIL_DRIVER=smtp
MAIL_HOST=smtp.qq.com
MAIL_PORT=465
MAIL_USERNAME=17*******2@qq.com
MAIL_PASSWORD= ****** //这个是你的qq授权码
MAIL_ENCRYPTION=ssl
MAIL_ENCRYPTION=ssl

1. 创建邮件类

    php artisan make:mail welcomeToMiya
   

2. 修改welcomeToMiya.php视图

        public function build()
        {
            return $this->view('email.welcome');
        }
   

3. 使用

        //发送邮件
        Route::get('/mail',function(){
            \Illuminate\Support\Facades\Mail::to('2861166132@qq.com')->send(new \App\Mail\welcomeToLaravist());
        });
   

4. 传参 修改 welcomeToMiya.php

        public $user;
   
        public function __construct(User $user)
        {
            $this->user = $user;
        }
   

5. 传参 修改 web.php

    //发送邮件
    Route::get('/mail',function(){
        $user = \App\User::find(1);
        \Illuminate\Support\Facades\Mail::to('2861166132@qq.com')->send(new \App\Mail\welcomeToLaravist($user));
    });
   

发邮件还可以这样：

public function sendTo($user,$subject,$view,$data){
        //也可以使用Mail::send
        Mail::send($view,$data,function ($message) use ($user,$subject){
            $message->to($user->email)->subject($subject);
        });
    }

使用sendcloud:

参考github: https://github.com/NauxLiu/Laravel-SendCloud

notification 通知

= mail篇 ### =

 public function via($notifiable)
{
    return ['mail'];
}

1.新建notification类

php artisan make:notification PostNotification

2.设置路由

//notification 注意默认发送到user模型中的email邮箱账号 所以要确认user邮箱可用
Route::get('/notification',function(){
    $user = \App\User::find(1);
    $post = \App\Post::find(2);
    $user->notify(new \App\Notifications\PostNotification($post));
});

3.访问/notification 收到邮件

4.常用设置方法 PostNotification.php

 public function toMail($notifiable)
{
    return (new MailMessage)
        ->subject('A post published'.$this->post->title) //自定义主体
        ->success()  //定义按钮颜色
                ->line('The introduction to the notification.')
                ->action('Notification Action', url('/'))
                ->line('Thank you for using our application!');
}

=database篇 ### =

将通知都存储在数据库里

1.修改PostNotification.php

public function via($notifiable)
{
    //return ['mail'];
    return ['database'];
}

2.创建notification迁移文件

 php artisan notifications:table
 php artisan migrate

3.PostNotification.php 中可添加 toDatabase方法 如果没写的话默认用的是toArray方法

4.修改web.php

5.查看当前用户下的notifications

6.新建一个notification

php artisan make:notification UserSubscribe

7.UserSubscribe.php 修改如下

public function via($notifiable)
{
    return ['database'];
}

/**
 * Get the array representation of the notification.
 *
 * @param  mixed  $notifiable
 * @return array
 */
public function toArray($notifiable)
{
    return [
        'subscribed_at' => Carbon::now()
    ];
}

8.修改web.php

//notification
Route::get('/notification', function () {
    $user = \App\User::find(1);
    $post = \App\Post::find(2);
    //$user->notify(new \App\Notifications\PostNotification($post));
    $user->notify(new \App\Notifications\UserSubscribe());
});

9.再次查看当前用户的notifications

10.列出未读notifications并标识为已读

web.php

//notification
Route::get('/show-notification', function () {
    return view('notifications.index');
});

//标识未读
Route::delete('user/notification',function (){
    Auth::user()->unreadNotifications->markAsRead();
    return redirect()->back();
});

notifications.index.blade

@extends('app')

@section('content')
    <h1>我的通知：</h1>
    <ul>
    @foreach(Auth::user()->unreadNotifications as $notification)
        @include('notifications/'.snake_case( class_basename($notification->type) ))
    @endforeach
    </ul>
    <form action="/user/notification" method="POST">
        {{csrf_field()}}
        {{method_field('DELETE')}}
        <input type="submit" value="标识已读">
    </form>
@stop

user_subscribe.blade.php

<h2>user</h2>
{{$notification->data['subscribed_at']['date']}}

post_notification.blade.php

<h2>post</h2>
<li>{{$notification->data['title']}}</li>

标识某条已读

$user->refresh()->unreadNotifications->where('id','57bb0e0e-8d35-4da8-850b-121a5317c9b9')->first()->markAsRead();

---

总结：

database

• php artisan make:notification someNotification
• 对于需要传入的参数做修改 例如依赖模式 Post $post
• php artisan notification:table
• 获取notification $user->notifications
• 标识已读 所有的 $user->unreadNotifications->markAsRead()
  
  单条标识：$user->refresh()->unreadNotifications->where('id','57bb0e0e-8d35-4da8-850b-121a5317c9b9')->first()->markAsRead();

laravel 邮件使用markdown

php artisan make:mail lessonPublished --markdown="emails.published"

这个命令不仅创建了email类文件 还生成了视图文件 并把视图也写好了 return $this->markdown('emails.published'')

可根据需要修改 也可修改email markdown模版 php artisan vendor:publish

发送邮件

Route::get("sendmail",function(){
    $email = new \App\Mail\LessionPublished(\App\User::first());
    Mail::to(\App|User::first())->send($email);
})

toggle

toggle方法主要用于多对多关系中,attach detach 比如点赞 收藏

1.user表

2.post表 title content

3.中间表 favoriate user_id post_id

4.user中定义关系

     public function favorites(){
        return $this->belongsToMany(Post::class,'favoriates'); //第二个参数中间表
    }

5.关联关系

做法一：

在tinker中操作

$user = App\User::find(1);
$post = App\Post::find(2);
$user->favorite()->attach($post);
查看结果：$user->refresh()->favorite

//取消收藏
 $user->favorite()->detach($post);

做法二：toggle 不用去判断用户有没有收藏该文章 用户收藏了则取消收藏 反之则收藏

$user->favorite()->toggle($post);

实时facade###

1. 创建一个目录叫services
   
   创建一个weibo类

    <?php
    namespace App\Services;
    class weibo
    {
        protected $http;
   
        public function __construct(Http $http)
        {
            $this->http = $http;
        }
   
        public function publish($status){
            $this->http->post($status);
        }
    }
   

创建一个Http类

<?php
namespace App\Services;
class Http
{
    public function __construct()
    {
    }

    public function post($status){
        return dd('I post a post'.$status);
    }
}

路由修改

use Facades\App\Services\weibo;

//facade
Route::get('facade',function (){
   weibo::publish('这是一条微博');
});

现在访问就有了："I post a post这是一条微博"

事件监听

方法一：

web.php

Event::listen('eloquent.created: App\post',function(){
    dump('A post was created');
});

Route::get('/event53',function(){
    \App\post::create(['title'=>'Title','content'=>'My Body']);
});

方法二：

注释掉

Event::listen('eloquent.created: App\post',function(){
        dump('A post was created');
    });

post模型中定义事件

<?php

namespace App;

use App\Events\PostWasPublished;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;

class post extends Model
{
    protected $guarded = array();
    protected $events = [
       'created' => PostWasPublished::class
    ];
}

修改EventServiceProvider.php 中的$listen属性 创建事件和事件监听文件

protected $listen = [
    'App\Events\PostWasPublished' => [
        'App\Listeners\PostWasPublishedListener',
    ],
];

执行 php artisan event:generate

** 还可以依赖注入 **

App\Events\PostWasPublished.php

public $post;

public function __construct($post)
{
    $this->post = $post;
}

App\Listeners\PostWasPublishedListener.php

 public function handle(PostWasPublished $event)
     {
         dump($event->post->toArray());
     }

方法三：普通路由触发event

app/Providers/EventServiceProvider.php

protected $listen = [
        'App\Events\UserSignUp' => [
            'App\Listeners\UserSignUpListener',
        ],
    ];

UserSignUp.php

 use App\User;
 public $user;
 public function __construct(User $user)
 {
     $this->user = $user;
 }

UserSignUpListener.php

public function handle(UserSignUp $event)
{
    dd($event->user->name);
}

web.php

Route::get('/eventroute',function(){
    $user = \App\User::find(1);
   event(new \App\Events\UserSignUp($user));
});

console command

php artisan make:command hello

进入app/console/commands/hello.php

修改singniture和handle

protected $signature = 'lara:hello';

public function handle()
    {
        $this->info('hello my girl');
    }

app/console/kernel.php $commands属性修改 添加刚才的类

App\Console\Commands\hello::class

传参：php artisan lara:hello alice

protected $signature = 'lara:hello{name＝Bool}'; //? 可有可无
protected $signature = 'lara:hello{name＝Bool}'; //? 可有可无

 public function handle()
    {
        $this->info('hello my girl '.$this->argument('name'));
    }

默认值：protected $signature = 'lara:hello{name=Bool}';

定时任务

新建一个test.sh

 #!/bin/bash

 echo "hello world";

 php test.php

test.php

this is a test for crontab

$ cronatab -e

* * * * * /var/www/test.sh 2>&1 >> /var/www/test.log

---

laravel 定时任务：

$ php artisan make:conmmand logInfo

修改 ap/console/command/logInfo.php

protected $description = 'log Info';
 public function handle()
    {
        Log::info('It works');
    }

kernel中注册 app/console/kernel.php

protected $commands = [
        //
        hello::class,
        logInfo::class
    ];

    /**
     * Define the application's command schedule.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Console\Scheduling\Schedule  $schedule
     * @return void
     */
    protected function schedule(Schedule $schedule)
    {
         $schedule->command('log:info')
                  ->everyMinute();
    }    

$ crontab -e
* * * * * php /var/www/lara/leaning/artisan schedule:run >> /dev/null 2>&1

middleware###

php artisan make:middleware isAdminMiddleware

user表增加is_admin字段 值为 Y/N

模型user.php

 public function isAdmin(){
        return  $this->is_admin == 1;
 }

修改isAdminMiddleware

public function handle($request, Closure $next)
{
    info( $request->user()); //等价于 Auth::user()
    if($request->user() && $request->user()->isAdmin()){
        return $next($request);
    }
    return redirect('/');
}

web.php

Auth::loginUsingId(2);

Route::group(['prefix'=>'admin','middleware'=>'isAdmin'],function (){
    Route::get('users',function (){
        return 'admin only';
    });
});

controller中可以这样设置

public function __construct(){
    $this->middleware('admin',['only'=>['store','update']]);
}

app/Http/Kernel.php

 protected $routeMiddleware = [
        'isAdmin' => isAdminMiddleware::class
    ];
}

视图绑定变量###

app下新建一个类 Status

<?php

namespace App;

class Status
{
    public function total(){
        return 45;
    }
}

路由以前的做法是这样

Route::get('/status',function(\App\Status $status){
    return view('status',compact('status'));
});

status.blade.php

<h1>Status</h1>

{{$status->total()}}

---

模板绑定变量这样写：

路由：不传递任何变量

Route::get('/status',function(){
    return view('status');
});

模板中注入变量：status.blade.php

@inject('status','App\Status')

本地化Model Factory###

tinker:

factory(User::class,5)->create() //会写库
//或
factory(User::class,5)->make() //不会写库

App/Providers/AppServiceProvider.php

use Faker\Generator as FakerGenerator;
use Faker\Factory as FakerFactory;

 public function boot()
    {
        $this->app->singleton(FakerGenerator::class,function (){
            return FakerFactory::create('zh_CN');
        });
    }

再次用tinker生成的数据就是中文的了

DB::table('users')->truncate() 会将user表的数据全部删除

分页###

路由：

Route::get('/lessons',function(){
    $lessons = \App\Lesson::paginate(15);
    return view('lessons',compact('lessons'));
});

模板

@extends('app')

@section('content')
    <h1>Lessons</h1>
    @foreach($lessons->chunk(3) as $row)
    <div class="row">
        @foreach($row as $lesson)
            <div class="col-md-4">
                <h2>{{ $lesson->title  }}</h2>
                <img style="width:100%; " src="{{$lesson->imageUrl}}" alt="">
                <div class="body">
                    {{$lesson->intro}}
                </div>
            </div>
        @endforeach
    </div>
    @endforeach

    {!! $lessons->render() !!}
    {{ $lessons->appends(['type'=>'article'])->links('vendor.pagination.bootstrap-4')  }}
@stop

分页两种方式都可以

{!! $lessons->render() !!}

{{ $lessons->appends(['type'=>'article'])->links('vendor.pagination.bootstrap-4') }}

造测试数据 给article分配userId###

$factory->define(\App\Article::class, function (Faker\Generator $faker) {
    $userIds= \App\User::pluck('id')->toArray();
    return [
        'title' => $faker->sentence,
        'content' => $faker->paragraph,
        'user_id' => $faker->randomElements($userIds)[0]
    ];
});

find 可以传入 id 也可以传入数组

App\User::find([2,3])

with eager loading###

user.php

 public function posts(){
    return $this->hasMany(Post::class)
 }

路由：获取当前用户下的所有post

 这里的post只的就是对应的关系
 $posts = \App\User::with('posts')->get()

多态关联###

应用场景：评论属于文章 属于lesson

php artisan make:model comment -m

comment migration

 public function up()
    {
        Schema::create('comments', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->increments('id');
            $table->integer('commentable_id');
            $table->string('commentable_type');
            $table->text('body');
            $table->timestamps();
        });
    }

comment.php 模型

 class comment extends Model
 {
     public function commentable(){
         return $this->morphTo();
     }
 }

post.php 模型

 use App\comment;
 class post extends Model
 {
     protected $guarded = array();
     protected $events = [
        'created' => PostWasPublished::class
     ];
     public function comments(){
         return $this->morphMany(comment::class,'commentable');
     }
 }

lesson.php 模型

class Lesson extends Model
{
    protected $guarded = array();

    public function comments(){
        return $this->morphMany(comment::class,'commentable');
    }
}

---

使用：

• 给某个lesson添加评论

    $lesson = App\Lesson::find(1);
    $lesson->unguard();
    $lesson->comments()->create(["body"=>"nice lesson"]);
  

• 通过评论来查看属于哪个post

    $comment = App\comment::find(1);
    $comment->commentable
  

有用的小方法###

• dd( $article->created_at->diffForHumans() ); //几分钟前
• Config::get('database.default');
• app('config')['database']['default']
• Hash::make('password')
• app('hash')->make('password')
• config('services')
• \Auth::login($user) //自动登录
• Auth::check() //检查是否登录
• 密码;bcrypt(str_random(16))
• model中设置 $hidden = ['title'] //有时您可能想要限制能出现在数组或 JSON 格式的属性数据，比如密码字段。只要在模型里增加 hidden 属性即可

acl权限

AuthServiceProvider.php

public function boot()
    {
        $this->registerPolicies();

        Gate::define('show-post',function ($user,$article){
            return $user->id ###  $article->user_id;
        });
    }

controller.php 测试当前用户是否有权限（当前post的id是否是当前用户）访问当前post,如果没权限访问则报错403

 public function show($id){
        $article = Article::findOrFail($id);
        //dd( $article->created_at->diffForHumans() );

        //12 minits ago 如果需要中文可以
        //可以在app/Providers/AppServiceProvider.php的boot()方法加上：
        //\Carbon\Carbon::setLocale('zh');

        if(Gate::denies('show-post',$article)){
            abort(403,'sorry');
        };

        //也可以这么写
       // $this->authorize('show-post',$article);

        return view('articles.show',compact('article'));
    }

如果要在blade中运用 则全部注释掉

     public function show($id){
            $article = Article::findOrFail($id);
            //dd( $article->created_at->diffForHumans() );

            //12 minits ago 如果需要中文可以
            //可以在app/Providers/AppServiceProvider.php的boot()方法加上：
            //\Carbon\Carbon::setLocale('zh');

            //if(Gate::denies('show-post',$article)){
            //abort(403,'sorry');
            //};

            //也可以这么写
           // $this->authorize('show-post',$article);

            return view('articles.show',compact('article'));
     }

模版中使用

     @extends('app')

        @section('content')
            <h2>{{$article->title}}</h2>
            <div>{{$article->content}}</div>

            @can('show-post',$article)
                <a href="">编辑</a>
            @endcan

    @stop

使用policy###

policy的使用是为了更方便的创建用户权限规则 避免了在AuthServiceProvider中定义一长串的规则

   php artisan make:policy ArticlePolicy

添加policy 规则：

   public function editArticle($user,$article){
           return $user->id ###  $article->user_id;
       }

AuthServiceProvider.php中注册该ArticlePolicy

   protected $policies = [
           'App\Article' => 'App\Policies\ArticlePolicy',
       ];

控制器使用：

   if(Gate::denies('editArticle',$article)){
                   abort(403,'sorry');
                   };

模版中使用：

    @extends('app')

            @section('content')
                <h2>{{$article->title}}</h2>
                <div>{{$article->content}}</div>

                @can('editArticle',$article)
                    <a href="">编辑</a>
                @endcan

            @stop

用户权限

php artisan make:model Permission
php artisan make:model Role
php artisan make:migration create_roles_table --create=roles

编辑迁移文件：

 public function up()
    {
        Schema::create('roles', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->increments('id');
            $table->string('name');//admin.member
            $table->string('label')->nullable();//注册会员
            $table->timestamps();
        });
        Schema::create('permissions', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->increments('id');
            $table->string('name');//admin.member
            $table->string('label')->nullable();//注册会员
            $table->timestamps();
        });
        Schema::create('permission_role', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->integer('permission_id')->unsigned();
            $table->integer('role_id')->unsigned();

            $table->foreign('permission_id')
                    ->references('id')
                    ->on('permissions')
                    ->onDelete('cascade');

            $table->foreign('role_id')
                ->references('id')
                ->on('roles')
                ->onDelete('cascade');

            $table->primary(['permission_id','role_id']);
        });
        Schema::create('role_user', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->integer('user_id')->unsigned();
            $table->integer('role_id')->unsigned();

            $table->foreign('user_id')
                ->references('id')
                ->on('users')
                ->onDelete('cascade');

            $table->foreign('role_id')
                ->references('id')
                ->on('roles')
                ->onDelete('cascade');

            $table->primary(['user_id','role_id']);

        });
    }

定义关系:

• role.php

  public function permissions(){
  
  return $this->belongsToMany(Permission::class);
  
  }
  
  public function givePermission(Permission $permission){
  
  return $this->permissions()->save($permission);
  
  }

• permission.php

    public function roles(){
        return $this->belongsToMany(Role::class);
    }
  

• user.php

      public function roles(){
            return $this->belongsToMany(Role::class);
        }
  
        public function hasRole($role){
            //如果传入的是字符串
            if( is_string($role) ){
                return $this->roles->contains('name',$role);
            }
            //如果传入的是collection  intersect 只的是 $role 和 $this->roles()有没有交集
            return !!$role->intersect( $this->roles )->count();
        }
  

tinker 创建一个role 一个permission 并把permission指派给这个role

       $role->givePermission($permission)

      也可以直接

      $role->permissions()->save($permission)

      $user->roles()->save($role) 给用户分配角色
      $user->roles()->detach($role) 删除角色

authServiceProvider.php

       public function boot()
          {
              $this->registerPolicies();

              foreach ( $this->getPermission() as $permission ){
                  Gate::define( $permission->name,function (User $user) use($permission){
                      return $user->hasRole($permission->roles);
                  });
              }
          }
          protected function getPermission(){
              return Permission::with('roles')->get();
          }

blade中这样使用：

    @can('edit')
           <a href="">编辑edit</a>
    @endcan

service container:

class Barz{}

class Foo{
    public $bar;

    public function __construct(Barz $barz)
    {
        $this->bar = $barz;
    }
}
//如果有app绑定的优先找绑定的
App::bind('Foo',function (){
    dd(12);
    return new Foo(new BarZ());
});
Route::get('container',function (Foo $foo){
    dd($foo);
});

App绑定后路由里不再需要依赖注入

Route::get('container1',function (){
    dd(app('Foo'));
});

service实战 向IOC 容器添加自己的类

• 添加一个自己的类

App\Services\Billing\Stripe.php

<?php
namespace App\Services\Billing;
class Stripe
{
    public function charge(){
        dd('charged') ;
    }
}

• 新建一个provider

    php artisan make:provider BillingServiceProvider
  

• 注入服务 BillingServiceProvider.php , 注意要在app.php中注入这个provider

    public function register()
        {
            $this->app->bind('billing',function(){
                return new Stripe();
            });
        }
  

• 访问 两种方法均可：

    Route::get('container2',function (){
        dd(app('billing')->charge());
    });
  
    //或
  
    Route::get('container2',function (\App\Services\Billing\Stripe $stripe){
        dd($stripe->charge());
    });
  

结合interface

重构代码:

• 定义接口：App\Billing\BillingInterface.php
  
  public function charge(array $data);

• 定义类：App\Biling\PingBilling.php

    class PingBilling implements BillingInterface{
    	public function charge($data){
    		//todo
    	}
    }
  

• 声明serviceprovider 把PingBilling这个类放到ioc container中 BillingServiceProvider

$this->app->bind('billing','App\Biling\PingBilling')

• app.php 添加 BillingServiceProvider

控制器中调用 app('billing')->charge($data)

=facade### =

每个facade例如 Route 类 返回的其实都是个字符串，关键是继成了Facade类, Facade有个 __callStatic 方法，在一个类中执行一个不存在的静态方法时 该方法会被触发

Facade.php

public static function __callStatic($method, $args)
    {
        $instance = static::getFacadeRoot();

        if (! $instance) {
            throw new RuntimeException('A facade root has not been set.');
        }

        return $instance->$method(...$args);
    }

__callStatic 执行了 $instance = static::getFacadeRoot(); 生成一个实例，解析的结果是 app('mailer')

public static function getFacadeRoot()
    {
	//static::getFacadeAccessor() 指的就是 mailer,    这句解析的结果就是 app('mailer') 其实就是Mailer这个类，到这里就必然有个provider绑定mailer 可在provider中查找
        return static::resolveFacadeInstance(static::getFacadeAccessor());
    }

目标:我希望我创建一个AjaxResponse的facade，这样能直接在controller中这样使用：

\AjaxResponse::success();

返回

{
    code: "0"
    result: {

    }
}

步骤：

• step1: 在app/Services文件夹中创建类

    <?php namespace App\Services;
  
    class AjaxResponse {
  
        protected function ajaxResponse($code, $message, $data = null)
        {
            $out = [
                'code' => $code,
                'message' => $message,
            ];
  
            if ($data !== null) {
                $out['result'] = $data;
            }
  
            return response()->json($out);
        }
  
        public function success($data = null)
        {
            $code = ResultCode::Success;
            return $this->ajaxResponse(0, '', $data);
        }
  
        public function fail($message, $extra = [])
        {
            return $this->ajaxResponse(1, $message, $extra);
        }
    }
  

  这个AjaxResponse是具体的实现类

• step2: 创建provider

    <?php namespace App\Providers;
  
    use Illuminate\Support\ServiceProvider;
  
    class AjaxResponseServiceProvider extends ServiceProvider {
  
        public function register()
        {
            $this->app->singleton('AjaxResponseService', function () {
                return new \App\Services\AjaxResponse();
            });
        }
    }
  

这里我们在register的时候定义了这个Service名字为AjaxResponseService

• step3:在app/Facades文件夹中创建类

    <?php namespace App\Facades;
  
    use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Facade;
  
    class AjaxResponseFacade extends Facade {
  
        protected static function getFacadeAccessor() { return 'AjaxResponseService'; }
  
    }
  

• step4:好了，下面我们只需要到app.php中挂载上这两个东东就可以了

    <?php
  
    return [
  
        ...
  
        'providers' => [
            ...
            'App\Providers\RouteServiceProvider',
  
            'App\Providers\AjaxResponseServiceProvider',
  
        ],
  
        'aliases' => [
            ...
  
            'Validator' => 'Illuminate\Support\Facades\Validator',
            'View'      => 'Illuminate\Support\Facades\View',
  
            'AjaxResponse' => 'App\Facades\AjaxResponseFacade',
  
        ],
  
    ];
  

使用name和email登录

postLogin 方法：

$field = filter_var($request->input('username'), FILTER_VALIDATE_EMAIL) ? 'email' : 'username';
    $request->merge([$field => $request->get('username')]);

if(Auth::guard('admin')->attempt( $request->only($field, 'password'),
        $request->remember)
    ){
        //if successful,then intend the user to their intended location
        return redirect()->intended(route('admin.dashboard'));
    }else{
        //if unsuccessful,then redirect back to the login with the form data
        return redirect()->back()->withInput($request->only('username','remember'));
    }

api

$lessons = Lesson::all();
\Response::json([
	'status' => 'success',
	'status_code' => 200,
	'data'   => $lessons->toArray()
]);

= 字段映射 ### =

$lessons = Lesson::all();
\Response::json([
	'status' => 'success',
	'status_code' => 200,
	'data'   => $this->transform($lessons->toArray())
]);

public function transform($lessons){
	return array_map(function($lesson){
		return [
			'title' => $lesson['title'],
			'content' => $lesson['body'],
			'is_free' => (boolean)$lesson['free']
		];
	},$lessons);
}

注意 这个transform 是处理 collection的数据 all()

如果要处理elequent model 比如 Lesson::find(1)这样的数据需要这么处理transform方法,collection 用transformCollection方法：

public function transformCollection($lessons){
	return array_map([$this,'transform'],$lessons);
}

public function transform($lesson){
	return [
			'title' => $lesson['title'],
			'content' => $lesson['body'],
			'is_free' => (boolean)$lesson['free']
		];
}

---

= 代码重构 ### =

比如有个article也需要使用transform

• 新建一个类 App\Transformer\Transformer.php

    <?php
  
    namespace App\Transformer;
  
    abstract class Transformer
    {
        /**
         * @param $items
         * @return array
         */
        public function transformCollection($items){
            return array_map([$this,'transform'],$items);
        }
  
        /**
         * @param $item
         * @return mixed
         */
        public abstract function transform($item);//抽象方法不用写大括号
    }
  

• 新建LessonTransform 并继承Transformer类 App\Transformer\LessonTransform .php

  namespace App\Transformer;

  class LessonTransformer extends Transformer
{
/**
* @param $lesson
* @return array
*/
public function transform($lesson){
return [
'title' => $lesson['title'],
'content' => $lesson['intro']
];
}
}


• Lesson控制器中依赖注入 并调用Transformer中的方法

  protected $lessonTransformer;

    public function __construct(LessonTransformer $lessonTransformer)
    {
        $this->lessonTransformer = $lessonTransformer;
    }
    /**
     * Display a listing of the resource.
     *
     * @return \Illuminate\Http\Response
     */
    public function index()
    {
        $lessons = Lesson::all();
        return \Response::json([
            'status' => 'success',
            'status_code' => 200,
            'data'   => $this->lessonTransformer->transformCollection($lessons->toArray())
        ]);
    }
  
    public function show($id)
    {
        $lesson = Lesson::find($id);
        return \Response::json([
            'status' => 'success',
            'status_code' => 200,
            'data'   => $this->lessonTransformer->transform($lesson)
        ]);
    }
  

= 错误提示 ### =

1.新建一个ApiController.php

<?php

namespace App\Http\Controllers;

use Illuminate\Http\Request;

class ApiController extends Controller
{
    protected $statusCode = 200;

    /**
     * @return int
     */
    public function getStatusCode(): int
    {
        return $this->statusCode;
    }

    /**
     * @param int $statusCode
     */
    public function setStatusCode(int $statusCode)
    {
        $this->statusCode = $statusCode;
        return $this;
    }
    public function responseNotFound( $message = 'Not Found' ){
        return $this->responseError($message);
    }
    private function responseError($message){
        return $this->response([
            'status' => 'fail',
            'status_code' => $this->getStatusCode(),
            'message' => $message
        ]);
    }
    public function response($data){
        return \Response::json($data);
    }
}

2.控制器:LessonController.php 集成ApiController.php

 public function show($id)
    {
        $lesson = Lesson::find($id);
        if( !$lesson ) {
           return  $this->setStatusCode(500)->responseNotFound();
        }
        return $this->response([
            'status' => 'success',
            'data'   => $this->lessonTransformer->transform($lesson)
        ]);
    }

这时候访问 transformer/2689 就会返回ApiController中的错误信息

{
	"status": "fail",
	"status_code": 404,
	"message": "Not Found"
}

= postman禁用token ### =

app\kernel.php 注释掉verifyCsrfToken.php

api验证有三种：

= auth.basic 基础验证### =

控制器构造方法中：

public function __construct(){
	$this->middleware('auth.basic'，['only'=>['store','update']]);
}

laravel 有用的小方法

[http://www.cnblogs.com/webskill/p/7463488.html ]

laravel package

1. 根目录下新建目录 packages/Laravist/Hasher/src

2. composer 自动加载 并 设置命名空间

   "autoload": {
   
   "classmap": [
   
   "database/seeds",
   
   "database/factories"
   
   ],
   
   "psr-4": {
   
   "App\": "app/",
   
   "Laravist\Hasher\":"package/Laravist/Hasher/src/"
   
   }
   
   },

3. src下新建一个类：Md5Hasher.php

    <?php
    namespace Laravist\Hasher;
    class Md5hasher
    {
        public function make($value,array $options = []){
            $salt = isset($options['salt']) ? $options['salt'] : '';
            return hash('md5',$value.$salt);
        }
        public function check($value,$hashvalue,array $options = []){
            $salt = isset($options['salt']) ? $options['salt'] : '';
            return hash('md5',$value.$salt) ###  $hashvalue;
        }
    }
   

4. 加载这个类：
   
   php artisan make:provider Md5HashProvider 移到 src下

5. Md5HashProvider 中注册使用方法：

    public function register()
        {
            $this->app->singleton('md5hash',function (){
                return new Md5hasher();
            });
        }
   

6. tinker中使用

    app('md5hasher')->make('password')
   

自定义错误提示

resources/lang/en/validation.php

找到custom

将

'custom' => [

'attribute-name' => [

'rule-name' => 'custom-message',

],

],

改成:

'custom' => [

'name' => [

'required' => '用户名不能为空',

],

],

使用第三方插件 markdown

1. hyperDown github上 找到Parser.php app下新建文件 App\Markdown\Parser.php 注意命名空间

2. App\Markdown\Markdown.php

   <?php
   
   namespace App\Markdown;
   
   class Markdown
   {
       protected $parser;
   
       public function __construct(Parser $parser)
       {
           $this->parser = $parser;
       }
       public function markdown($text){
            $html = $this->parser->makeHtml($text);
            return $html;
       }
   }
   
   composer dump-autoload
   

3. 控制器中使用

     protected $markdown;
        public function __construct(Markdown $markdown)
        {
            $this->markdown = $markdown;
            $this->middleware('auth',['only'=>['create','store','edit','update']]);
        }
    public function show($id)
        {
            $discussion = Discussion::findOrFail($id);
            $html = $this->markdown->markdown($discussion->body) ;
            return view('forum.detail',compact('discussion','html'));
        }
   

4. view中使用
   
   {!! $html !!}

storage###

图片上传使用 storage_path('app/public') 这种的时候 默认图片上传到 storage/app/public 下面 , 需要 php artisan storage:link 链到 public目录下

模糊查询###

$topics = \App\Topic::select(['id','name'])
    ->where('name','like','%'.$request->query('q').'%')
    ->get();

helper###

App下建 Support/hellper.php

比如 Auth::guard('api')->user()->id 用的非常多，把它做成helper

helper.php

<?php

if(!!function_exists('user')){
    function user($driver=null){
        if ($driver){
            return app('auth')->guard($driver)->user();
        }
        return app('auth')->user();
    }
}

composer.json

"autoload": {
        "files":[
          "App/Support/helper.php"
        ],
        "classmap": [
            "database/seeds",
            "database/factories"
        ],
        "psr-4": {
            "App\\": "app/"
        }
    },

可直接在控制器或blade中使用 user() 或者 user('api')

with 和 wherehas###

with: 选择所有的model, 每个model 关联的translations 根据条件进行过滤,结果只有 title like $query 的translations不为空, 其他model的translations为空

return $this->model->with([
        'translations' => function($q)use($query){
            $q->where('title','like',"%{$query}%")
            ->select('product_id','title');
        }
    ])

wherehas: 选出满足条件的 model, 不是所有的model

$this->model->whereHas('translations', function($q)use($query){
              $q->where('title', 'like', "%{$query}%");
    })->get();