http://www.cnblogs.com/webskill/category/1067140.html

laravel 5.4 新特性

component and slot

使用：

1.component panel

  1. <article class="message">
  2.   <div class="message-header">
  3.     <p>Hello World</p>
  4.     <button class="delete" aria-label="delete"></button>
  5.   </div>
  6.   <div class="message-body">
  7.     Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. <strong>Pellentesque risus mi</strong>, tempus quis placerat ut, porta nec nulla. Vestibulum rhoncus ac ex sit amet fringilla. Nullam gravida purus diam, et dictum <a>felis venenatis</a> efficitur. Aenean ac <em>eleifend lacus</em>, in mollis lectus. Donec sodales, arcu et sollicitudin porttitor, tortor urna tempor ligula, id porttitor mi magna a neque. Donec dui urna, vehicula et sem eget, facilisis sodales sem.
  8.   </div>
  9. </article>

2.其中header和body需要传入变量

  1. <article class="message">
  2.   <div class="message-header">
  3.     <p>{{$title}}</p>
  4.     <button class="delete" aria-label="delete"></button>
  5.   </div>
  6.   <div class="message-body">
  7.     {{$content}}
  8.   </div>
  9. </article>

3.views.components.index 中 需要引用component模版panel

  1. @component('components.panel')
  2.     @slot('title')
  3.         hello world
  4.     @endslot
  5.     @slot('content')
  6.         have a nice day
  7.     @endslot
  8. @endcomponent

4.如果要传入默认content

panel.blade.php修改如下：

  1.  <article class="message">
  2.     <div class="message-header">
  3.       <p>{{$title}}</p>
  4.       <button class="delete" aria-label="delete"></button>
  5.     </div>
  6.     <div class="message-body">
  7.       {{$slot}}
  8.     </div>
  9.   </article>

index.blade.php修改如下

  1. @component('components.panel')
  2.     @slot('title')
  3.         hello world
  4.     @endslot
  5.         have a nice day
  6. @endcomponent
  8. //可多来几个：
  10. @component('components.panel')
  11.     @slot('title')
  12.         hello world
  13.     @endslot
  14.     have a nice day123
  15. @endcomponent

5.还可以这样给默认值：title默认为laravel

  1. panel.blade.php修改如下：
  3.      <article class="message">
  4.         <div class="message-header">
  5.           <p>{{$title ?? 'laravel'}}</p>
  6.           <button class="delete" aria-label="delete"></button>
  7.         </div>
  8.         <div class="message-body">
  9.           {{$slot}}
  10.         </div>
  11.       </article>
  12. index.blade.php修改如下
  14.     @component('components.panel')
  15.             have a nice day
  16.     @endcomponent

laravel 邮件

本文使用qq邮箱

env邮件配置：

  1. MAIL_FROM_ADDRESS = 17******92@qq.com
  2. MAIL_FROM_NAME = listen~
  4. MAIL_DRIVER=smtp
  5. MAIL_HOST=smtp.qq.com
  6. MAIL_PORT=465
  7. MAIL_USERNAME=17*******2@qq.com
  8. MAIL_PASSWORD= ****** //这个是你的qq授权码
  9. MAIL_ENCRYPTION=ssl
  10. MAIL_ENCRYPTION=ssl

  1. 创建邮件类

    1.  php artisan make:mail welcomeToMiya

  2. 修改welcomeToMiya.php视图

    1.      public function build()
    2.      {
    3.          return $this->view('email.welcome');
    4.      }

  3. 使用

    1.      //发送邮件
    2.      Route::get('/mail',function(){
    3.          \Illuminate\Support\Facades\Mail::to('2861166132@qq.com')->send(new \App\Mail\welcomeToLaravist());
    4.      });

  4. 传参 修改 welcomeToMiya.php

    1.      public $user;
    3.      public function __construct(User $user)
    4.      {
    5.          $this->user = $user;
    6.      }

  5. 传参 修改 web.php

    1.  //发送邮件
    2.  Route::get('/mail',function(){
    3.      $user = \App\User::find(1);
    4.      \Illuminate\Support\Facades\Mail::to('2861166132@qq.com')->send(new \App\Mail\welcomeToLaravist($user));
    5.  });

发邮件还可以这样：

  1. public function sendTo($user,$subject,$view,$data){
  2.         //也可以使用Mail::send
  3.         Mail::send($view,$data,function ($message) use ($user,$subject){
  4.             $message->to($user->email)->subject($subject);
  5.         });
  6.     }

使用sendcloud:

参考github: https://github.com/NauxLiu/Laravel-SendCloud

notification 通知

= mail篇 ### =

  1.  public function via($notifiable)
  2. {
  3.     return ['mail'];
  4. }

1.新建notification类

  1. php artisan make:notification PostNotification

2.设置路由

  1. //notification 注意默认发送到user模型中的email邮箱账号 所以要确认user邮箱可用
  2. Route::get('/notification',function(){
  3.     $user = \App\User::find(1);
  4.     $post = \App\Post::find(2);
  5.     $user->notify(new \App\Notifications\PostNotification($post));
  6. });

3.访问/notification 收到邮件

4.常用设置方法 PostNotification.php

  1.  public function toMail($notifiable)
  2. {
  3.     return (new MailMessage)
  4.         ->subject('A post published'.$this->post->title) //自定义主体
  5.         ->success()  //定义按钮颜色
  6.                 ->line('The introduction to the notification.')
  7.                 ->action('Notification Action', url('/'))
  8.                 ->line('Thank you for using our application!');
  9. }

=database篇 ### =

将通知都存储在数据库里

1.修改PostNotification.php

  1. public function via($notifiable)
  2. {
  3.     //return ['mail'];
  4.     return ['database'];
  5. }

2.创建notification迁移文件

  1.  php artisan notifications:table
  2.  php artisan migrate

3.PostNotification.php 中可添加 toDatabase方法 如果没写的话默认用的是toArray方法

4.修改web.php

5.查看当前用户下的notifications

6.新建一个notification

  1. php artisan make:notification UserSubscribe

7.UserSubscribe.php 修改如下

  1. public function via($notifiable)
  2. {
  3.     return ['database'];
  4. }
  6. /**
  7.  * Get the array representation of the notification.
  8.  *
  9.  * @param  mixed  $notifiable
  10.  * @return array
  11.  */
  12. public function toArray($notifiable)
  13. {
  14.     return [
  15.         'subscribed_at' => Carbon::now()
  16.     ];
  17. }

8.修改web.php

  1. //notification
  2. Route::get('/notification', function () {
  3.     $user = \App\User::find(1);
  4.     $post = \App\Post::find(2);
  5.     //$user->notify(new \App\Notifications\PostNotification($post));
  6.     $user->notify(new \App\Notifications\UserSubscribe());
  7. });

9.再次查看当前用户的notifications

10.列出未读notifications并标识为已读

web.php

  1. //notification
  2. Route::get('/show-notification', function () {
  3.     return view('notifications.index');
  4. });
  6. //标识未读
  7. Route::delete('user/notification',function (){
  8.     Auth::user()->unreadNotifications->markAsRead();
  9.     return redirect()->back();
  10. });

notifications.index.blade

  1. @extends('app')
  3. @section('content')
  4.     <h1>我的通知：</h1>
  5.     <ul>
  6.     @foreach(Auth::user()->unreadNotifications as $notification)
  7.         @include('notifications/'.snake_case( class_basename($notification->type) ))
  8.     @endforeach
  9.     </ul>
  10.     <form action="/user/notification" method="POST">
  11.         {{csrf_field()}}
  12.         {{method_field('DELETE')}}
  13.         <input type="submit" value="标识已读">
  14.     </form>
  15. @stop

user_subscribe.blade.php

  1. <h2>user</h2>
  2. {{$notification->data['subscribed_at']['date']}}

post_notification.blade.php

  1. <h2>post</h2>
  2. <li>{{$notification->data['title']}}</li>

标识某条已读

  1. $user->refresh()->unreadNotifications->where('id','57bb0e0e-8d35-4da8-850b-121a5317c9b9')->first()->markAsRead();

总结：

database

  • php artisan make:notification someNotification
  • 对于需要传入的参数做修改 例如依赖模式 Post $post
  • php artisan notification:table
  • 获取notification $user->notifications
  • 标识已读 所有的 $user->unreadNotifications->markAsRead()

    单条标识：$user->refresh()->unreadNotifications->where('id','57bb0e0e-8d35-4da8-850b-121a5317c9b9')->first()->markAsRead();

laravel 邮件使用markdown

  1. php artisan make:mail lessonPublished --markdown="emails.published"

这个命令不仅创建了email类文件 还生成了视图文件 并把视图也写好了 return $this->markdown('emails.published'')

可根据需要修改 也可修改email markdown模版 php artisan vendor:publish

发送邮件

  1. Route::get("sendmail",function(){
  2.     $email = new \App\Mail\LessionPublished(\App\User::first());
  3.     Mail::to(\App|User::first())->send($email);
  4. })

toggle

toggle方法主要用于多对多关系中,attach detach 比如点赞 收藏

1.user表

2.post表 title content

3.中间表 favoriate user_id post_id

4.user中定义关系

  1.      public function favorites(){
  2.         return $this->belongsToMany(Post::class,'favoriates'); //第二个参数中间表
  3.     }

5.关联关系

做法一：

在tinker中操作

  1. $user = App\User::find(1);
  2. $post = App\Post::find(2);
  3. $user->favorite()->attach($post);
  4. 查看结果：$user->refresh()->favorite
  6. //取消收藏
  7.  $user->favorite()->detach($post);

做法二：toggle 不用去判断用户有没有收藏该文章 用户收藏了则取消收藏 反之则收藏

  1. $user->favorite()->toggle($post);

实时facade###

  1. 创建一个目录叫services

    创建一个weibo类

    1.  <?php
    2.  namespace App\Services;
    3.  class weibo
    4.  {
    5.      protected $http;
    7.      public function __construct(Http $http)
    8.      {
    9.          $this->http = $http;
    10.      }
    12.      public function publish($status){
    13.          $this->http->post($status);
    14.      }
    15.  }

创建一个Http类

  1. <?php
  2. namespace App\Services;
  3. class Http
  4. {
  5.     public function __construct()
  6.     {
  7.     }
  9.     public function post($status){
  10.         return dd('I post a post'.$status);
  11.     }
  12. }

路由修改

  1. use Facades\App\Services\weibo;
  3. //facade
  4. Route::get('facade',function (){
  5.    weibo::publish('这是一条微博');
  6. });

现在访问就有了："I post a post这是一条微博"

事件监听

方法一：

web.php

  1. Event::listen('eloquent.created: App\post',function(){
  2.     dump('A post was created');
  3. });
  5. Route::get('/event53',function(){
  6.     \App\post::create(['title'=>'Title','content'=>'My Body']);
  7. });

方法二：

注释掉

  1. Event::listen('eloquent.created: App\post',function(){
  2.         dump('A post was created');
  3.     });

post模型中定义事件

  1. <?php
  3. namespace App;
  5. use App\Events\PostWasPublished;
  6. use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
  8. class post extends Model
  9. {
  10.     protected $guarded = array();
  11.     protected $events = [
  12.        'created' => PostWasPublished::class
  13.     ];
  14. }

修改EventServiceProvider.php 中的$listen属性 创建事件和事件监听文件

  1. protected $listen = [
  2.     'App\Events\PostWasPublished' => [
  3.         'App\Listeners\PostWasPublishedListener',
  4.     ],
  5. ];

执行 php artisan event:generate

** 还可以依赖注入 **

App\Events\PostWasPublished.php

  1. public $post;
  3. public function __construct($post)
  4. {
  5.     $this->post = $post;
  6. }

App\Listeners\PostWasPublishedListener.php

  1.  public function handle(PostWasPublished $event)
  2.      {
  3.          dump($event->post->toArray());
  4.      }

方法三：普通路由触发event

app/Providers/EventServiceProvider.php

  1. protected $listen = [
  2.         'App\Events\UserSignUp' => [
  3.             'App\Listeners\UserSignUpListener',
  4.         ],
  5.     ];

UserSignUp.php

  1.  use App\User;
  2.  public $user;
  3.  public function __construct(User $user)
  4.  {
  5.      $this->user = $user;
  6.  }

UserSignUpListener.php

  1. public function handle(UserSignUp $event)
  2. {
  3.     dd($event->user->name);
  4. }

web.php

  1. Route::get('/eventroute',function(){
  2.     $user = \App\User::find(1);
  3.    event(new \App\Events\UserSignUp($user));
  4. });

console command

  1. php artisan make:command hello

进入app/console/commands/hello.php

修改singniture和handle

  1. protected $signature = 'lara:hello';
  3. public function handle()
  4.     {
  5.         $this->info('hello my girl');
  6.     }

app/console/kernel.php $commands属性修改 添加刚才的类

  1. App\Console\Commands\hello::class

传参：php artisan lara:hello alice

  1. protected $signature = 'lara:hello{name＝Bool}'; //? 可有可无
  2. protected $signature = 'lara:hello{name＝Bool}'; //? 可有可无
  4.  public function handle()
  5.     {
  6.         $this->info('hello my girl '.$this->argument('name'));
  7.     }

默认值：protected $signature = 'lara:hello{name=Bool}';

定时任务

新建一个test.sh

  1.  #!/bin/bash
  3.  echo "hello world";
  5.  php test.php

test.php

  1. this is a test for crontab
  3. $ cronatab -e
  5. * * * * * /var/www/test.sh 2>&1 >> /var/www/test.log

laravel 定时任务：

  1. $ php artisan make:conmmand logInfo

修改 ap/console/command/logInfo.php

  1. protected $description = 'log Info';
  2.  public function handle()
  3.     {
  4.         Log::info('It works');
  5.     }

kernel中注册 app/console/kernel.php

  1. protected $commands = [
  2.         //
  3.         hello::class,
  4.         logInfo::class
  5.     ];
  7.     /**
  8.      * Define the application's command schedule.
  9.      *
  10.      * @param  \Illuminate\Console\Scheduling\Schedule  $schedule
  11.      * @return void
  12.      */
  13.     protected function schedule(Schedule $schedule)
  14.     {
  15.          $schedule->command('log:info')
  16.                   ->everyMinute();
  17.     }    
  19. $ crontab -e
  20. * * * * * php /var/www/lara/leaning/artisan schedule:run >> /dev/null 2>&1

middleware###

  1. php artisan make:middleware isAdminMiddleware

user表增加is_admin字段 值为 Y/N

模型user.php

  1.  public function isAdmin(){
  2.         return  $this->is_admin == 1;
  3.  }

修改isAdminMiddleware

  1. public function handle($request, Closure $next)
  2. {
  3.     info( $request->user()); //等价于 Auth::user()
  4.     if($request->user() && $request->user()->isAdmin()){
  5.         return $next($request);
  6.     }
  7.     return redirect('/');
  8. }

web.php

  1. Auth::loginUsingId(2);
  3. Route::group(['prefix'=>'admin','middleware'=>'isAdmin'],function (){
  4.     Route::get('users',function (){
  5.         return 'admin only';
  6.     });
  7. });

controller中可以这样设置

  1. public function __construct(){
  2.     $this->middleware('admin',['only'=>['store','update']]);
  3. }

app/Http/Kernel.php

  1.  protected $routeMiddleware = [
  2.         'isAdmin' => isAdminMiddleware::class
  3.     ];
  4. }

视图绑定变量###

app下新建一个类 Status

  1. <?php
  3. namespace App;
  5. class Status
  6. {
  7.     public function total(){
  8.         return 45;
  9.     }
  10. }

路由以前的做法是这样

  1. Route::get('/status',function(\App\Status $status){
  2.     return view('status',compact('status'));
  3. });

status.blade.php

  1. <h1>Status</h1>
  3. {{$status->total()}}

模板绑定变量这样写：

路由：不传递任何变量

  1. Route::get('/status',function(){
  2.     return view('status');
  3. });

模板中注入变量：status.blade.php

  1. @inject('status','App\Status')

本地化Model Factory###

tinker:

  1. factory(User::class,5)->create() //会写库
  2. //或
  3. factory(User::class,5)->make() //不会写库

App/Providers/AppServiceProvider.php

  1. use Faker\Generator as FakerGenerator;
  2. use Faker\Factory as FakerFactory;
  4.  public function boot()
  5.     {
  6.         $this->app->singleton(FakerGenerator::class,function (){
  7.             return FakerFactory::create('zh_CN');
  8.         });
  9.     }

再次用tinker生成的数据就是中文的了

DB::table('users')->truncate() 会将user表的数据全部删除

分页###

路由：

  1. Route::get('/lessons',function(){
  2.     $lessons = \App\Lesson::paginate(15);
  3.     return view('lessons',compact('lessons'));
  4. });

模板

  1. @extends('app')
  3. @section('content')
  4.     <h1>Lessons</h1>
  5.     @foreach($lessons->chunk(3) as $row)
  6.     <div class="row">
  7.         @foreach($row as $lesson)
  8.             <div class="col-md-4">
  9.                 <h2>{{ $lesson->title  }}</h2>
  10.                 <img style="width:100%; " src="{{$lesson->imageUrl}}" alt="">
  11.                 <div class="body">
  12.                     {{$lesson->intro}}
  13.                 </div>
  14.             </div>
  15.         @endforeach
  16.     </div>
  17.     @endforeach
  19.     {!! $lessons->render() !!}
  20.     {{ $lessons->appends(['type'=>'article'])->links('vendor.pagination.bootstrap-4')  }}
  21. @stop

分页两种方式都可以

{!! $lessons->render() !!}

{{ $lessons->appends(['type'=>'article'])->links('vendor.pagination.bootstrap-4') }}

造测试数据 给article分配userId###

  1. $factory->define(\App\Article::class, function (Faker\Generator $faker) {
  2.     $userIds= \App\User::pluck('id')->toArray();
  3.     return [
  4.         'title' => $faker->sentence,
  5.         'content' => $faker->paragraph,
  6.         'user_id' => $faker->randomElements($userIds)[0]
  7.     ];
  8. });

find 可以传入 id 也可以传入数组

  1. App\User::find([2,3])

with eager loading###

user.php

  1.  public function posts(){
  2.     return $this->hasMany(Post::class)
  3.  }

路由：获取当前用户下的所有post

  1.  这里的post只的就是对应的关系
  2.  $posts = \App\User::with('posts')->get()

多态关联###

应用场景：评论属于文章 属于lesson

  1. php artisan make:model comment -m

comment migration

  1.  public function up()
  2.     {
  3.         Schema::create('comments', function (Blueprint $table) {
  4.             $table->increments('id');
  5.             $table->integer('commentable_id');
  6.             $table->string('commentable_type');
  7.             $table->text('body');
  8.             $table->timestamps();
  9.         });
  10.     }

comment.php 模型

  1.  class comment extends Model
  2.  {
  3.      public function commentable(){
  4.          return $this->morphTo();
  5.      }
  6.  }

post.php 模型

  1.  use App\comment;
  2.  class post extends Model
  3.  {
  4.      protected $guarded = array();
  5.      protected $events = [
  6.         'created' => PostWasPublished::class
  7.      ];
  8.      public function comments(){
  9.          return $this->morphMany(comment::class,'commentable');
  10.      }
  11.  }

lesson.php 模型

  1. class Lesson extends Model
  2. {
  3.     protected $guarded = array();
  5.     public function comments(){
  6.         return $this->morphMany(comment::class,'commentable');
  7.     }
  8. }

使用：

  • 给某个lesson添加评论

    1.   $lesson = App\Lesson::find(1);
    2.   $lesson->unguard();
    3.   $lesson->comments()->create(["body"=>"nice lesson"]);

  • 通过评论来查看属于哪个post

    1.   $comment = App\comment::find(1);
    2.   $comment->commentable

有用的小方法###

  • dd( $article->created_at->diffForHumans() ); //几分钟前
  • Config::get('database.default');
  • app('config')['database']['default']
  • Hash::make('password')
  • app('hash')->make('password')
  • config('services')
  • \Auth::login($user) //自动登录
  • Auth::check() //检查是否登录
  • 密码;bcrypt(str_random(16))
  • model中设置 $hidden = ['title'] //有时您可能想要限制能出现在数组或 JSON 格式的属性数据，比如密码字段。只要在模型里增加 hidden 属性即可

acl权限

AuthServiceProvider.php

  1. public function boot()
  2.     {
  3.         $this->registerPolicies();
  5.         Gate::define('show-post',function ($user,$article){
  6.             return $user->id ###  $article->user_id;
  7.         });
  8.     }

controller.php 测试当前用户是否有权限（当前post的id是否是当前用户）访问当前post,如果没权限访问则报错403

  1.  public function show($id){
  2.         $article = Article::findOrFail($id);
  3.         //dd( $article->created_at->diffForHumans() );
  5.         //12 minits ago 如果需要中文可以
  6.         //可以在app/Providers/AppServiceProvider.php的boot()方法加上：
  7.         //\Carbon\Carbon::setLocale('zh');
  9.         if(Gate::denies('show-post',$article)){
  10.             abort(403,'sorry');
  11.         };
  13.         //也可以这么写
  14.        // $this->authorize('show-post',$article);
  16.         return view('articles.show',compact('article'));
  17.     }

如果要在blade中运用 则全部注释掉

  1.      public function show($id){
  2.             $article = Article::findOrFail($id);
  3.             //dd( $article->created_at->diffForHumans() );
  5.             //12 minits ago 如果需要中文可以
  6.             //可以在app/Providers/AppServiceProvider.php的boot()方法加上：
  7.             //\Carbon\Carbon::setLocale('zh');
  9.             //if(Gate::denies('show-post',$article)){
  10.             //abort(403,'sorry');
  11.             //};
  13.             //也可以这么写
  14.            // $this->authorize('show-post',$article);
  16.             return view('articles.show',compact('article'));
  17.      }

模版中使用

  1.      @extends('app')
  3.         @section('content')
  4.             <h2>{{$article->title}}</h2>
  5.             <div>{{$article->content}}</div>
  7.             @can('show-post',$article)
  8.                 <a href="">编辑</a>
  9.             @endcan
  11.     @stop

使用policy###

policy的使用是为了更方便的创建用户权限规则 避免了在AuthServiceProvider中定义一长串的规则

  1.    php artisan make:policy ArticlePolicy

添加policy 规则：

  1.    public function editArticle($user,$article){
  2.            return $user->id ###  $article->user_id;
  3.        }

AuthServiceProvider.php中注册该ArticlePolicy

  1.    protected $policies = [
  2.            'App\Article' => 'App\Policies\ArticlePolicy',
  3.        ];

控制器使用：

  1.    if(Gate::denies('editArticle',$article)){
  2.                    abort(403,'sorry');
  3.                    };

模版中使用：

  1.     @extends('app')
  3.             @section('content')
  4.                 <h2>{{$article->title}}</h2>
  5.                 <div>{{$article->content}}</div>
  7.                 @can('editArticle',$article)
  8.                     <a href="">编辑</a>
  9.                 @endcan
  11.             @stop

用户权限

  1. php artisan make:model Permission
  2. php artisan make:model Role
  3. php artisan make:migration create_roles_table --create=roles

编辑迁移文件：

  1.  public function up()
  2.     {
  3.         Schema::create('roles', function (Blueprint $table) {
  4.             $table->increments('id');
  5.             $table->string('name');//admin.member
  6.             $table->string('label')->nullable();//注册会员
  7.             $table->timestamps();
  8.         });
  9.         Schema::create('permissions', function (Blueprint $table) {
  10.             $table->increments('id');
  11.             $table->string('name');//admin.member
  12.             $table->string('label')->nullable();//注册会员
  13.             $table->timestamps();
  14.         });
  15.         Schema::create('permission_role', function (Blueprint $table) {
  16.             $table->integer('permission_id')->unsigned();
  17.             $table->integer('role_id')->unsigned();
  19.             $table->foreign('permission_id')
  20.                     ->references('id')
  21.                     ->on('permissions')
  22.                     ->onDelete('cascade');
  24.             $table->foreign('role_id')
  25.                 ->references('id')
  26.                 ->on('roles')
  27.                 ->onDelete('cascade');
  29.             $table->primary(['permission_id','role_id']);
  30.         });
  31.         Schema::create('role_user', function (Blueprint $table) {
  32.             $table->integer('user_id')->unsigned();
  33.             $table->integer('role_id')->unsigned();
  35.             $table->foreign('user_id')
  36.                 ->references('id')
  37.                 ->on('users')
  38.                 ->onDelete('cascade');
  40.             $table->foreign('role_id')
  41.                 ->references('id')
  42.                 ->on('roles')
  43.                 ->onDelete('cascade');
  45.             $table->primary(['user_id','role_id']);
  47.         });
  48.     }

定义关系:

  • role.php

    public function permissions(){

    return $this->belongsToMany(Permission::class);

    }

    public function givePermission(Permission $permission){

    return $this->permissions()->save($permission);

    }

  • permission.php

    1.   public function roles(){
    2.       return $this->belongsToMany(Role::class);
    3.   }

  • user.php

    1.     public function roles(){
    2.           return $this->belongsToMany(Role::class);
    3.       }
    5.       public function hasRole($role){
    6.           //如果传入的是字符串
    7.           if( is_string($role) ){
    8.               return $this->roles->contains('name',$role);
    9.           }
    10.           //如果传入的是collection  intersect 只的是 $role 和 $this->roles()有没有交集
    11.           return !!$role->intersect( $this->roles )->count();
    12.       }

tinker 创建一个role 一个permission 并把permission指派给这个role

  1.        $role->givePermission($permission)
  3.       也可以直接
  5.       $role->permissions()->save($permission)
  7.       $user->roles()->save($role) 给用户分配角色
  8.       $user->roles()->detach($role) 删除角色

authServiceProvider.php

  1.        public function boot()
  2.           {
  3.               $this->registerPolicies();
  5.               foreach ( $this->getPermission() as $permission ){
  6.                   Gate::define( $permission->name,function (User $user) use($permission){
  7.                       return $user->hasRole($permission->roles);
  8.                   });
  9.               }
  10.           }
  11.           protected function getPermission(){
  12.               return Permission::with('roles')->get();
  13.           }

blade中这样使用：

  1.     @can('edit')
  2.            <a href="">编辑edit</a>
  3.     @endcan

service container:

  1. class Barz{}
  3. class Foo{
  4.     public $bar;
  6.     public function __construct(Barz $barz)
  7.     {
  8.         $this->bar = $barz;
  9.     }
  10. }
  11. //如果有app绑定的优先找绑定的
  12. App::bind('Foo',function (){
  13.     dd(12);
  14.     return new Foo(new BarZ());
  15. });
  16. Route::get('container',function (Foo $foo){
  17.     dd($foo);
  18. });

App绑定后路由里不再需要依赖注入

  1. Route::get('container1',function (){
  2.     dd(app('Foo'));
  3. });

service实战 向IOC 容器添加自己的类

  • 添加一个自己的类

App\Services\Billing\Stripe.php

  1. <?php
  2. namespace App\Services\Billing;
  3. class Stripe
  4. {
  5.     public function charge(){
  6.         dd('charged') ;
  7.     }
  8. }

  • 新建一个provider

    1.   php artisan make:provider BillingServiceProvider

  • 注入服务 BillingServiceProvider.php , 注意要在app.php中注入这个provider

    1.   public function register()
    2.       {
    3.           $this->app->bind('billing',function(){
    4.               return new Stripe();
    5.           });
    6.       }

  • 访问 两种方法均可：

    1.   Route::get('container2',function (){
    2.       dd(app('billing')->charge());
    3.   });
    5.   //或
    7.   Route::get('container2',function (\App\Services\Billing\Stripe $stripe){
    8.       dd($stripe->charge());
    9.   });

结合interface

重构代码:

  • 定义接口：App\Billing\BillingInterface.php

    public function charge(array $data);

  • 定义类：App\Biling\PingBilling.php

    1.   class PingBilling implements BillingInterface{
    2.   	public function charge($data){
    3.   		//todo
    4.   	}
    5.   }

  • 声明serviceprovider 把PingBilling这个类放到ioc container中 BillingServiceProvider

$this->app->bind('billing','App\Biling\PingBilling')

  • app.php 添加 BillingServiceProvider

控制器中调用 app('billing')->charge($data)

=facade### =

每个facade例如 Route 类 返回的其实都是个字符串，关键是继成了Facade类, Facade有个 __callStatic 方法，在一个类中执行一个不存在的静态方法时 该方法会被触发

Facade.php

  1. public static function __callStatic($method, $args)
  2.     {
  3.         $instance = static::getFacadeRoot();
  5.         if (! $instance) {
  6.             throw new RuntimeException('A facade root has not been set.');
  7.         }
  9.         return $instance->$method(...$args);
  10.     }

__callStatic 执行了 $instance = static::getFacadeRoot(); 生成一个实例，解析的结果是 app('mailer')

  1. public static function getFacadeRoot()
  2.     {
  3. 	//static::getFacadeAccessor() 指的就是 mailer,    这句解析的结果就是 app('mailer') 其实就是Mailer这个类，到这里就必然有个provider绑定mailer 可在provider中查找
  4.         return static::resolveFacadeInstance(static::getFacadeAccessor());
  5.     }

目标:我希望我创建一个AjaxResponse的facade，这样能直接在controller中这样使用：

  1. \AjaxResponse::success();

返回

  1. {
  2.     code: "0"
  3.     result: {
  5.     }
  6. }

步骤：

  • step1: 在app/Services文件夹中创建类

    1.   <?php namespace App\Services;
    3.   class AjaxResponse {
    5.       protected function ajaxResponse($code, $message, $data = null)
    6.       {
    7.           $out = [
    8.               'code' => $code,
    9.               'message' => $message,
    10.           ];
    12.           if ($data !== null) {
    13.               $out['result'] = $data;
    14.           }
    16.           return response()->json($out);
    17.       }
    19.       public function success($data = null)
    20.       {
    21.           $code = ResultCode::Success;
    22.           return $this->ajaxResponse(0, '', $data);
    23.       }
    25.       public function fail($message, $extra = [])
    26.       {
    27.           return $this->ajaxResponse(1, $message, $extra);
    28.       }
    29.   }

    这个AjaxResponse是具体的实现类

  • step2: 创建provider

    1.   <?php namespace App\Providers;
    3.   use Illuminate\Support\ServiceProvider;
    5.   class AjaxResponseServiceProvider extends ServiceProvider {
    7.       public function register()
    8.       {
    9.           $this->app->singleton('AjaxResponseService', function () {
    10.               return new \App\Services\AjaxResponse();
    11.           });
    12.       }
    13.   }

这里我们在register的时候定义了这个Service名字为AjaxResponseService

  • step3:在app/Facades文件夹中创建类

    1.   <?php namespace App\Facades;
    3.   use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Facade;
    5.   class AjaxResponseFacade extends Facade {
    7.       protected static function getFacadeAccessor() { return 'AjaxResponseService'; }
    9.   }

  • step4:好了，下面我们只需要到app.php中挂载上这两个东东就可以了

    1.   <?php
    3.   return [
    5.       ...
    7.       'providers' => [
    8.           ...
    9.           'App\Providers\RouteServiceProvider',
    11.           'App\Providers\AjaxResponseServiceProvider',
    13.       ],
    15.       'aliases' => [
    16.           ...
    18.           'Validator' => 'Illuminate\Support\Facades\Validator',
    19.           'View'      => 'Illuminate\Support\Facades\View',
    21.           'AjaxResponse' => 'App\Facades\AjaxResponseFacade',
    23.       ],
    25.   ];

使用name和email登录

postLogin 方法：

  1. $field = filter_var($request->input('username'), FILTER_VALIDATE_EMAIL) ? 'email' : 'username';
  2.     $request->merge([$field => $request->get('username')]);
  4. if(Auth::guard('admin')->attempt( $request->only($field, 'password'),
  5.         $request->remember)
  6.     ){
  7.         //if successful,then intend the user to their intended location
  8.         return redirect()->intended(route('admin.dashboard'));
  9.     }else{
  10.         //if unsuccessful,then redirect back to the login with the form data
  11.         return redirect()->back()->withInput($request->only('username','remember'));
  12.     }

api

  1. $lessons = Lesson::all();
  2. \Response::json([
  3. 	'status' => 'success',
  4. 	'status_code' => 200,
  5. 	'data'   => $lessons->toArray()
  6. ]);

= 字段映射 ### =

  1. $lessons = Lesson::all();
  2. \Response::json([
  3. 	'status' => 'success',
  4. 	'status_code' => 200,
  5. 	'data'   => $this->transform($lessons->toArray())
  6. ]);
  8. public function transform($lessons){
  9. 	return array_map(function($lesson){
  10. 		return [
  11. 			'title' => $lesson['title'],
  12. 			'content' => $lesson['body'],
  13. 			'is_free' => (boolean)$lesson['free']
  14. 		];
  15. 	},$lessons);
  16. }

注意 这个transform 是处理 collection的数据 all()

如果要处理elequent model 比如 Lesson::find(1)这样的数据需要这么处理transform方法,collection 用transformCollection方法：

  1. public function transformCollection($lessons){
  2. 	return array_map([$this,'transform'],$lessons);
  3. }
  5. public function transform($lesson){
  6. 	return [
  7. 			'title' => $lesson['title'],
  8. 			'content' => $lesson['body'],
  9. 			'is_free' => (boolean)$lesson['free']
  10. 		];
  11. }

= 代码重构 ### =

比如有个article也需要使用transform

  • 新建一个类 App\Transformer\Transformer.php

    1.   <?php
    3.   namespace App\Transformer;
    5.   abstract class Transformer
    6.   {
    7.       /**
    8.        * @param $items
    9.        * @return array
    10.        */
    11.       public function transformCollection($items){
    12.           return array_map([$this,'transform'],$items);
    13.       }
    15.       /**
    16.        * @param $item
    17.        * @return mixed
    18.        */
    19.       public abstract function transform($item);//抽象方法不用写大括号
    20.   }

  • 新建LessonTransform 并继承Transformer类 App\Transformer\LessonTransform .php

    namespace App\Transformer;

    class LessonTransformer extends Transformer
    {
    /**
    * @param $lesson
    * @return array
    */
    public function transform($lesson){
    return [
    'title' => $lesson['title'],
    'content' => $lesson['intro']
    ];
    }
    }

  • Lesson控制器中依赖注入 并调用Transformer中的方法

    protected $lessonTransformer;

    1.   public function __construct(LessonTransformer $lessonTransformer)
    2.   {
    3.       $this->lessonTransformer = $lessonTransformer;
    4.   }
    5.   /**
    6.    * Display a listing of the resource.
    7.    *
    8.    * @return \Illuminate\Http\Response
    9.    */
    10.   public function index()
    11.   {
    12.       $lessons = Lesson::all();
    13.       return \Response::json([
    14.           'status' => 'success',
    15.           'status_code' => 200,
    16.           'data'   => $this->lessonTransformer->transformCollection($lessons->toArray())
    17.       ]);
    18.   }
    20.   public function show($id)
    21.   {
    22.       $lesson = Lesson::find($id);
    23.       return \Response::json([
    24.           'status' => 'success',
    25.           'status_code' => 200,
    26.           'data'   => $this->lessonTransformer->transform($lesson)
    27.       ]);
    28.   }

= 错误提示 ### =

1.新建一个ApiController.php

  1. <?php
  3. namespace App\Http\Controllers;
  5. use Illuminate\Http\Request;
  7. class ApiController extends Controller
  8. {
  9.     protected $statusCode = 200;
  11.     /**
  12.      * @return int
  13.      */
  14.     public function getStatusCode(): int
  15.     {
  16.         return $this->statusCode;
  17.     }
  19.     /**
  20.      * @param int $statusCode
  21.      */
  22.     public function setStatusCode(int $statusCode)
  23.     {
  24.         $this->statusCode = $statusCode;
  25.         return $this;
  26.     }
  27.     public function responseNotFound( $message = 'Not Found' ){
  28.         return $this->responseError($message);
  29.     }
  30.     private function responseError($message){
  31.         return $this->response([
  32.             'status' => 'fail',
  33.             'status_code' => $this->getStatusCode(),
  34.             'message' => $message
  35.         ]);
  36.     }
  37.     public function response($data){
  38.         return \Response::json($data);
  39.     }
  40. }

2.控制器:LessonController.php 集成ApiController.php

  1.  public function show($id)
  2.     {
  3.         $lesson = Lesson::find($id);
  4.         if( !$lesson ) {
  5.            return  $this->setStatusCode(500)->responseNotFound();
  6.         }
  7.         return $this->response([
  8.             'status' => 'success',
  9.             'data'   => $this->lessonTransformer->transform($lesson)
  10.         ]);
  11.     }

这时候访问 transformer/2689 就会返回ApiController中的错误信息

  1. {
  2. 	"status": "fail",
  3. 	"status_code": 404,
  4. 	"message": "Not Found"
  5. }

= postman禁用token ### =

app\kernel.php 注释掉verifyCsrfToken.php

api验证有三种：

= auth.basic 基础验证### =

控制器构造方法中：

  1. public function __construct(){
  2. 	$this->middleware('auth.basic'，['only'=>['store','update']]);
  3. }

laravel 有用的小方法

[http://www.cnblogs.com/webskill/p/7463488.html ]

laravel package

  1. 根目录下新建目录 packages/Laravist/Hasher/src

  2. composer 自动加载 并 设置命名空间

    "autoload": {

    "classmap": [

    "database/seeds",

    "database/factories"

    ],

    "psr-4": {

    "App\": "app/",

    "Laravist\Hasher\":"package/Laravist/Hasher/src/"

    }

    },

  3. src下新建一个类：Md5Hasher.php

    1.  <?php
    2.  namespace Laravist\Hasher;
    3.  class Md5hasher
    4.  {
    5.      public function make($value,array $options = []){
    6.          $salt = isset($options['salt']) ? $options['salt'] : '';
    7.          return hash('md5',$value.$salt);
    8.      }
    9.      public function check($value,$hashvalue,array $options = []){
    10.          $salt = isset($options['salt']) ? $options['salt'] : '';
    11.          return hash('md5',$value.$salt) ###  $hashvalue;
    12.      }
    13.  }

  4. 加载这个类：

    php artisan make:provider Md5HashProvider 移到 src下

  5. Md5HashProvider 中注册使用方法：

    1.  public function register()
    2.      {
    3.          $this->app->singleton('md5hash',function (){
    4.              return new Md5hasher();
    5.          });
    6.      }

  6. tinker中使用

    1.  app('md5hasher')->make('password')

自定义错误提示

resources/lang/en/validation.php

找到custom

将

'custom' => [

'attribute-name' => [

'rule-name' => 'custom-message',

],

],

改成:

'custom' => [

'name' => [

'required' => '用户名不能为空',

],

],

使用第三方插件 markdown

  1. hyperDown github上 找到Parser.php app下新建文件 App\Markdown\Parser.php 注意命名空间

  2. App\Markdown\Markdown.php

    1. <?php
    3. namespace App\Markdown;
    5. class Markdown
    6. {
    7.     protected $parser;
    9.     public function __construct(Parser $parser)
    10.     {
    11.         $this->parser = $parser;
    12.     }
    13.     public function markdown($text){
    14.          $html = $this->parser->makeHtml($text);
    15.          return $html;
    16.     }
    17. }
    19. composer dump-autoload

  3. 控制器中使用

    1.   protected $markdown;
    2.      public function __construct(Markdown $markdown)
    3.      {
    4.          $this->markdown = $markdown;
    5.          $this->middleware('auth',['only'=>['create','store','edit','update']]);
    6.      }
    7.  public function show($id)
    8.      {
    9.          $discussion = Discussion::findOrFail($id);
    10.          $html = $this->markdown->markdown($discussion->body) ;
    11.          return view('forum.detail',compact('discussion','html'));
    12.      }

  4. view中使用

    {!! $html !!}

storage###

图片上传使用 storage_path('app/public') 这种的时候 默认图片上传到 storage/app/public 下面 , 需要 php artisan storage:link 链到 public目录下

模糊查询###

  1. $topics = \App\Topic::select(['id','name'])
  2.     ->where('name','like','%'.$request->query('q').'%')
  3.     ->get();

helper###

App下建 Support/hellper.php

比如 Auth::guard('api')->user()->id 用的非常多，把它做成helper

helper.php

  1. <?php
  3. if(!!function_exists('user')){
  4.     function user($driver=null){
  5.         if ($driver){
  6.             return app('auth')->guard($driver)->user();
  7.         }
  8.         return app('auth')->user();
  9.     }
  10. }

composer.json

  1. "autoload": {
  2.         "files":[
  3.           "App/Support/helper.php"
  4.         ],
  5.         "classmap": [
  6.             "database/seeds",
  7.             "database/factories"
  8.         ],
  9.         "psr-4": {
  10.             "App\\": "app/"
  11.         }
  12.     },

可直接在控制器或blade中使用 user() 或者 user('api')

with 和 wherehas###

with: 选择所有的model, 每个model 关联的translations 根据条件进行过滤,结果只有 title like $query 的translations不为空, 其他model的translations为空

  1. return $this->model->with([
  2.         'translations' => function($q)use($query){
  3.             $q->where('title','like',"%{$query}%")
  4.             ->select('product_id','title');
  5.         }
  6.     ])

wherehas: 选出满足条件的 model, 不是所有的model

  1. $this->model->whereHas('translations', function($q)use($query){
  2.               $q->where('title', 'like', "%{$query}%");
  3.     })->get();

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