Tomcat启动失败原因： More than one fragment with the name [spring_web] was found. 解决
将一个eclipse上搭建好的项目移到idea开发时遇到的问题，tomcat启动时报了3个错误
-Nov- ::10.084 信息 [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start Server startup in ms
-Nov- ::10.495 警告 [RMI TCP Connection()-127.0.0.1] org.apache.tomcat.util.descriptor.web.WebXml.setVersion 未知版本字符串 [4.0]。将使用默认版本。
-Nov- ::10.534 严重 [RMI TCP Connection()-127.0.0.1] org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal ContainerBase.addChild: start:
org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[/BookManager_war_exploded]]
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.handleSubClassException(LifecycleBase.java:)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.manageApp(HostConfig.java:)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.modeler.BaseModelMBean.invoke(BaseModelMBean.java:)
at com.sun.jmx.interceptor.DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.invoke(DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.java:)
at com.sun.jmx.mbeanserver.JmxMBeanServer.invoke(JmxMBeanServer.java:)
at org.apache.catalina.mbeans.MBeanFactory.createStandardContext(MBeanFactory.java:)
at org.apache.catalina.mbeans.MBeanFactory.createStandardContext(MBeanFactory.java:)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.modeler.BaseModelMBean.invoke(BaseModelMBean.java:)
at com.sun.jmx.interceptor.DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.invoke(DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.java:)
at com.sun.jmx.mbeanserver.JmxMBeanServer.invoke(JmxMBeanServer.java:)
at com.sun.jmx.remote.security.MBeanServerAccessController.invoke(MBeanServerAccessController.java:)
at javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl.doOperation(RMIConnectionImpl.java:)
at javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl.access$(RMIConnectionImpl.java:)
at javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl$PrivilegedOperation.run(RMIConnectionImpl.java:)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl.doPrivilegedOperation(RMIConnectionImpl.java:)
at javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl.invoke(RMIConnectionImpl.java:)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:)
at sun.rmi.server.UnicastServerRef.dispatch(UnicastServerRef.java:)
at sun.rmi.transport.Transport$.run(Transport.java:)
at sun.rmi.transport.Transport$.run(Transport.java:)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at sun.rmi.transport.Transport.serviceCall(Transport.java:)
at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport.handleMessages(TCPTransport.java:)
at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport$ConnectionHandler.run0(TCPTransport.java:)
at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport$ConnectionHandler.lambda$run$(TCPTransport.java:)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport$ConnectionHandler.run(TCPTransport.java:)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:)
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: More than one fragment with the name [spring_web] was found. This is not legal with relative ordering. See section 8.2. 2c of the Servlet specification for details. Consider using absolute ordering.
at org.apache.tomcat.util.descriptor.web.WebXml.orderWebFragments(WebXml.java:)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.descriptor.web.WebXml.orderWebFragments(WebXml.java:)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.webConfig(ContextConfig.java:)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.configureStart(ContextConfig.java:)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.lifecycleEvent(ContextConfig.java:)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleBase.java:)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:)
... more
-Nov- ::10.537 严重 [RMI TCP Connection()-127.0.0.1] org.apache.tomcat.util.modeler.BaseModelMBean.invoke Exception invoking method manageApp
java.lang.IllegalStateException: ContainerBase.addChild: start: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[/BookManager_war_exploded]]
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.manageApp(HostConfig.java:)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.modeler.BaseModelMBean.invoke(BaseModelMBean.java:)
at com.sun.jmx.interceptor.DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.invoke(DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.java:)
at com.sun.jmx.mbeanserver.JmxMBeanServer.invoke(JmxMBeanServer.java:)
at org.apache.catalina.mbeans.MBeanFactory.createStandardContext(MBeanFactory.java:)
at org.apache.catalina.mbeans.MBeanFactory.createStandardContext(MBeanFactory.java:)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.modeler.BaseModelMBean.invoke(BaseModelMBean.java:)
at com.sun.jmx.interceptor.DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.invoke(DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.java:)
at com.sun.jmx.mbeanserver.JmxMBeanServer.invoke(JmxMBeanServer.java:)
at com.sun.jmx.remote.security.MBeanServerAccessController.invoke(MBeanServerAccessController.java:)
at javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl.doOperation(RMIConnectionImpl.java:)
at javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl.access$(RMIConnectionImpl.java:)
at javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl$PrivilegedOperation.run(RMIConnectionImpl.java:)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl.doPrivilegedOperation(RMIConnectionImpl.java:)
at javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl.invoke(RMIConnectionImpl.java:)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:)
at sun.rmi.server.UnicastServerRef.dispatch(UnicastServerRef.java:)
at sun.rmi.transport.Transport$.run(Transport.java:)
at sun.rmi.transport.Transport$.run(Transport.java:)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at sun.rmi.transport.Transport.serviceCall(Transport.java:)
at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport.handleMessages(TCPTransport.java:)
at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport$ConnectionHandler.run0(TCPTransport.java:)
at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport$ConnectionHandler.lambda$run$(TCPTransport.java:)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport$ConnectionHandler.run(TCPTransport.java:)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:)
-Nov- ::10.538 严重 [RMI TCP Connection()-127.0.0.1] org.apache.tomcat.util.modeler.BaseModelMBean.invoke Exception invoking method createStandardContext
javax.management.RuntimeOperationsException: Exception invoking method manageApp
at org.apache.tomcat.util.modeler.BaseModelMBean.invoke(BaseModelMBean.java:)
at com.sun.jmx.interceptor.DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.invoke(DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.java:)
at com.sun.jmx.mbeanserver.JmxMBeanServer.invoke(JmxMBeanServer.java:)
at org.apache.catalina.mbeans.MBeanFactory.createStandardContext(MBeanFactory.java:)
at org.apache.catalina.mbeans.MBeanFactory.createStandardContext(MBeanFactory.java:)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.modeler.BaseModelMBean.invoke(BaseModelMBean.java:)
at com.sun.jmx.interceptor.DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.invoke(DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.java:)
at com.sun.jmx.mbeanserver.JmxMBeanServer.invoke(JmxMBeanServer.java:)
at com.sun.jmx.remote.security.MBeanServerAccessController.invoke(MBeanServerAccessController.java:)
at javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl.doOperation(RMIConnectionImpl.java:)
at javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl.access$(RMIConnectionImpl.java:)
at javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl$PrivilegedOperation.run(RMIConnectionImpl.java:)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl.doPrivilegedOperation(RMIConnectionImpl.java:)
at javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl.invoke(RMIConnectionImpl.java:)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:)
at sun.rmi.server.UnicastServerRef.dispatch(UnicastServerRef.java:)
at sun.rmi.transport.Transport$.run(Transport.java:)
at sun.rmi.transport.Transport$.run(Transport.java:)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at sun.rmi.transport.Transport.serviceCall(Transport.java:)
at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport.handleMessages(TCPTransport.java:)
at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport$ConnectionHandler.run0(TCPTransport.java:)
at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport$ConnectionHandler.lambda$run$(TCPTransport.java:)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport$ConnectionHandler.run(TCPTransport.java:)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:)
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalStateException: ContainerBase.addChild: start: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[/BookManager_war_exploded]]
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.manageApp(HostConfig.java:)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.modeler.BaseModelMBean.invoke(BaseModelMBean.java:)
... more
-Nov- ::20.081 信息 [localhost-startStop-] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory 把web 应用程序部署到目录 [D:\J2EE\apache-tomcat-8.5.\webapps\manager]
-Nov- ::20.159 信息 [localhost-startStop-] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Deployment of web application directory [D:\J2EE\apache-tomcat-8.5.\webapps\manager] has finished in [] ms
修改web.xml文件，添加
<absolute-ordering />
参考资料：
https://blog.csdn.net/pursueexcellence/article/details/89981690
------------恢复内容结束------------
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