Mysql有用的面试题

A.一道SQL语句面试题，关于group by
表内容：
2005-05-09 胜
2005-05-09 胜
2005-05-09 负
2005-05-09 负
2005-05-10 胜
2005-05-10 负
2005-05-10 负

如果要生成下列结果, 该如何写sql语句?

胜 负
2005-05-09 2 2
2005-05-10 1 2
******************************************************
create table #tmp(rq varchar(10),shengfu nchar(1))

insert into #tmp values('2005-05-09','胜')
insert into #tmp values('2005-05-09','胜')
insert into #tmp values('2005-05-09','负')
insert into #tmp values('2005-05-09','负')
insert into #tmp values('2005-05-10','胜')
insert into #tmp values('2005-05-10','负')
insert into #tmp values('2005-05-10','负')
==============================================================
SELECT rq,sum(shengfu='胜') as '胜'，sum(shengfu='负') as '负'
FROM `#tmp`
GROUP BY `#tmp`.rq
*****************************************************************

B.请教一个面试中遇到的SQL语句的查询问题
表中有A B C三列,用SQL语句实现：当A列大于B列时选择A列否则选择B列，当B列大于C列时选择B列否则选择C列。
------------------------------------------
select (case when a>b then a else b end),
(case when b>c then b esle c end)
from taname
***************************************************

C.面试题：一个日期判断的sql语句？
请取出tb_send表中日期(SendTime字段)为当天的所有记录?(SendTime字段为datetime型，包含日期与时间)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
select * from time where datediff(SendTime,CURDATE())=0

CURDATE()获取当前日期
DATEDIFF() 返回起始时间 expr和结束时间expr2之间的天数。Expr和expr2 为日期或 date-and-time 表达式。计算中只用到这些值的日期部分。

TIMEDIFF(expr,expr2)
TIMEDIFF() 返回起始时间 expr 和结束时间expr2 之间的时间。 expr 和expr2 为时间或 date-and-time 表达式,两个的类型必须一样。
**************************************************************************************************************************

D.有一张表，里面有3个字段：语文，数学，英语。其中有3条记录分别表示语文70分，数学80分，英语58分，请用一条sql语句查询出这三条记录并按以下条件显示出来（并写出您的思路）：
大于或等于80表示优秀，大于或等于60表示及格，小于60分表示不及格。
显示格式：
语文 数学 英语
及格 优秀 不及格
----------------------------------------------------------------------
1、一定有分三类，语文、数学、英语
2、对查询到的分数进行判断
3、先查出一个字段显示
SELECT
CASE WHEN
yuwen >= '80' THEN'优秀'WHEN yuwen >='60' THEN'及格'ELSE'不及格'END yuwen,
CASE WHEN
shuxue >= '80' THEN'优秀'WHEN shuxue >='60' THEN'及格'ELSE'不及格'END shuxue,
CASE WHEN
yingyu >= '80' THEN'优秀'WHEN yingyu >='60' THEN'及格'ELSE'不及格'END yingyu
FROM
kecheng

E.请用一个sql语句得出结果
从table1,table2中取出如table3所列格式数据，注意提供的数据及结果不准确，只是作为一个格式向大家请教。
如使用存储过程也可以。

table1

月份mon 部门dep 业绩yj
-------------------------------
一月份 01 10
一月份 02 10
一月份 03 5
二月份 02 8
二月份 04 9
三月份 03 8

table2

部门dep 部门名称dname
--------------------------------
01 国内业务一部
02 国内业务二部
03 国内业务三部
04 国际业务部

table3 （result）

部门dep 一月份 二月份 三月份
--------------------------------------
01         10       null    null
02         10       8       null
03         null      5          8
04         null     null       9
------------------------------------------

select a.dname, a.dep,
sum(case when b.mon=1 then b.yj else 0 end) as '一月份',
sum(case when b.mon=2 then b.yj else 0 end) as '二月份',
sum(case when b.mon=3 then b.yj else 0 end) as '三月份'
from table2 a left join table1 b on a.dep=b.dep
GROUP BY
a.dep

F.一道面试题
一个表中的Id有多个记录，把所有这个id的记录查出来，并显示共有多少条记录数。
------------------------------------------
select id, Count(*) from tb group by id having count(*)>1
select*from(select count(ID) as count from table group by ID)T where T.count>1

G、table表形式如下：
Year Salary
2000 1000
2001 2000
2002 3000
2003 4000
想得到如下形式的查询结果
Year Salary
2000 1000
2001 3000
2002 6000
2003 10000
sql语句怎么写?
****************************************
SELECT a.year, SUM(b.salary) AS sala
FROM table AS a,table AS b
WHERE b.salary<=a.salary
GROUP BY a.salary
***************************************************
H.用一条SQL语句查询出每门课都大于80分的学生姓名
name kecheng fenshu
张三 语文 81
张三 数学 75
李四 语文 76
李四 数学 90
王五 语文 81
王五 数学 100
王五 英语 90

****************************************************************************
selet name from tablename where name in (select name from tablename where fenshu >80 )
select distinct name from table where name not in (select distinct name from table where fenshu<=80)

**************************************************
I.学生表 如下:
自动编号 学号 姓名 课程编号 课程名称 分数
1 2005001 张三 0001 数学 69
2 2005002 李四 0001 数学 89
3 2005001 张三 0001 数学 69
删除除了自动编号不同,其他都相同的学生冗余信息
*******************************************************
delete tablename where 自动编号 not in() 能运行
select min(自动编号) from tablename group by 学号,姓名,课程编号,课程名称,分数 能运行
delete tablename where 自动编号 not in(select min(自动编号) from tablename group by 学号,姓名,课程编号,课程名称,分数 )

运行不了。会报《 You can't specify target table 'tb' for update in FROM clause》这样的错误
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
J.一个叫department的表，里面只有一个字段name,一共有4条纪录，分别是a,b,c,d,对应四个球对，现在四个球对进行比赛，用一条sql语句显示所有可能的比赛组合.
你先按你自己的想法做一下，看结果有我的这个简单吗？
--------------------------------------------------
答：select a.name, b.name
from team a, team b
where a.name < b.name

********************************************************************************************************************************
K.请用SQL语句实现：从TestDB数据表中查询出所有月份的发生额都比101科目相应月份的发生额高的科目。请注意：TestDB中有很多科目，都有1－12月份的发生额。
AccID：科目代码，Occmonth：发生额月份，DebitOccur：发生额。
数据库名：JcyAudit，数据集：Select * from TestDB

答：select a.*
from TestDB a
,(select Occmonth,max(DebitOccur) Debit101ccur from TestDB where AccID='101' group by Occmonth) b
where a.Occmonth=b.Occmonth and a.DebitOccur>b.Debit101ccur

************************************************************************************
L.面试题：怎么把这样一个表儿
year month amount
1991 1 1.1
1991 2 1.2
1991 3 1.3
1991 4 1.4
1992 1 2.1
1992 2 2.2
1992 3 2.3
1992 4 2.4
查成这样一个结果
year m1 m2 m3 m4
1991 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4
1992 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4

******************************************************
答案一、
select year,
(select amount from aaa m where month=1 and m.year=aaa.year) as m1,
(select amount from aaa m where month=2 and m.year=aaa.year) as m2,
(select amount from aaa m where month=3 and m.year=aaa.year) as m3,
(select amount from aaa m where month=4 and m.year=aaa.year) as m4
from aaa group by year

这个是ORACLE 中做的：
select * from (select name, year b1, lead(year) over
(partition by name order by year) b2, lead(m,2) over(partition by name order by year) b3,rank()over(
partition by name order by year) rk from t) where rk=1;

Student(S#,Sname,Sage,Ssex) 学生表

S#：学号；Sname：学生姓名；Sage：学生年龄；Ssex：学生性别
Course(C#,Cname,T#) 课程表                    C#,课程编号；Cname：课程名字；T#：教师编号
SC(S#,C#,score) 成绩表                             S#：学号；C#,课程编号；score：成绩
Teacher(T#,Tname) 教师表                        T#：教师编号； Tname：教师名字

问题：
1、查询“001”课程比“002”课程成绩高的所有学生的学号；

select a.S# from (select s#,score from SC where C#='001') a,(select s#,score
  from SC where C#='002') b
  where a.score>b.score and a.s#=b.s#;
2、查询平均成绩大于60分的同学的学号和平均成绩；
    select S#,avg(score)
    from sc
    group by S# having avg(score) >60;
3、查询所有同学的学号、姓名、选课数、总成绩；
  select Student.S#,Student.Sname,count(SC.C#),sum(score)
  from Student left Outer join SC on Student.S#=SC.S#
  group by Student.S#,Sname
4、查询姓“李”的老师的个数；
  select count(distinct(Tname))
  from Teacher
  where Tname like '李%';
5、查询没学过“叶平”老师课的同学的学号、姓名；
    select Student.S#,Student.Sname
    from Student 
    where S# not in (select distinct( SC.S#) from SC,Course,Teacher where SC.C#=Course.C# and Teacher.T#=Course.T# and Teacher.Tname='叶平');
6、查询学过“001”并且也学过编号“002”课程的同学的学号、姓名；
  select Student.S#,Student.Sname from Student,SC where Student.S#=SC.S# and SC.C#='001'and exists( Select * from SC as SC_2 where SC_2.S#=SC.S# and SC_2.C#='002');
7、查询学过“叶平”老师所教的所有课的同学的学号、姓名；
  select S#,Sname
  from Student
  where S# in (select S# from SC ,Course ,Teacher where SC.C#=Course.C# and Teacher.T#=Course.T# and Teacher.Tname='叶平' group by S# having count(SC.C#)=(select count(C#) from Course,Teacher  where Teacher.T#=Course.T# and Tname='叶平'));
8、查询课程编号“002”的成绩比课程编号“001”课程低的所有同学的学号、姓名；
  Select S#,Sname from (select Student.S#,Student.Sname,score ,(select score from SC SC_2 where SC_2.S#=Student.S# and SC_2.C#='002') score2
  from Student,SC where Student.S#=SC.S# and C#='001') S_2 where score2 <score;
9、查询所有课程成绩小于60分的同学的学号、姓名；
  select S#,Sname
  from Student
  where S# not in (select Student.S# from Student,SC where S.S#=SC.S# and score>60);
10、查询没有学全所有课的同学的学号、姓名；
    select Student.S#,Student.Sname
    from Student,SC
    where Student.S#=SC.S# group by  Student.S#,Student.Sname having count(C#) <(select count(C#) from Course);

11、查询至少有一门课与学号为“1001”的同学所学相同的同学的学号和姓名；

select S#,Sname from Student,SC where Student.S#=SC.S# and C# in select C# from SC where S#='1001';
12、查询至少学过学号为“001”同学所有一门课的其他同学学号和姓名；
    select distinct SC.S#,Sname
    from Student,SC
    where Student.S#=SC.S# and C# in (select C# from SC where S#='001');
13、把“SC”表中“叶平”老师教的课的成绩都更改为此课程的平均成绩；
    update SC set score=(select avg(SC_2.score)
    from SC SC_2
    where SC_2.C#=SC.C# ) from Course,Teacher where Course.C#=SC.C# and Course.T#=Teacher.T# and Teacher.Tname='叶平');
14、查询和“1002”号的同学学习的课程完全相同的其他同学学号和姓名；
    select S# from SC where C# in (select C# from SC where S#='1002')
    group by S# having count(*)=(select count(*) from SC where S#='1002');
15、删除学习“叶平”老师课的SC表记录；
    Delect SC
    from course ,Teacher 
    where Course.C#=SC.C# and Course.T#= Teacher.T# and Tname='叶平';
16、向SC表中插入一些记录，这些记录要求符合以下条件：没有上过编号“003”课程的同学学号、2、
    号课的平均成绩；
    Insert SC select S#,'002',(Select avg(score)
    from SC where C#='002') from Student where S# not in (Select S# from SC where C#='002');
17、按平均成绩从高到低显示所有学生的“数据库”、“企业管理”、“英语”三门的课程成绩，按如下形式显示： 学生ID,,数据库,企业管理,英语,有效课程数,有效平均分
    SELECT S# as 学生ID
        ,(SELECT score FROM SC WHERE SC.S#=t.S# AND C#='004') AS 数据库
        ,(SELECT score FROM SC WHERE SC.S#=t.S# AND C#='001') AS 企业管理
        ,(SELECT score FROM SC WHERE SC.S#=t.S# AND C#='006') AS 英语
        ,COUNT(*) AS 有效课程数, AVG(t.score) AS 平均成绩
    FROM SC AS t
    GROUP BY S#
    ORDER BY avg(t.score) 
18、查询各科成绩最高和最低的分：以如下形式显示：课程ID，最高分，最低分
    SELECT L.C# As 课程ID,L.score AS 最高分,R.score AS 最低分
    FROM SC L ,SC AS R
    WHERE L.C# = R.C# and
        L.score = (SELECT MAX(IL.score)
                      FROM SC AS IL,Student AS IM
                      WHERE L.C# = IL.C# and IM.S#=IL.S#
                      GROUP BY IL.C#)
        AND
        R.Score = (SELECT MIN(IR.score)
                      FROM SC AS IR
                      WHERE R.C# = IR.C#
                  GROUP BY IR.C#
                    );
19、按各科平均成绩从低到高和及格率的百分数从高到低顺序
    SELECT t.C# AS 课程号,max(course.Cname)AS 课程名,isnull(AVG(score),0) AS 平均成绩
        ,100 * SUM(CASE WHEN  isnull(score,0)>=60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/COUNT(*) AS 及格百分数
    FROM SC T,Course
    where t.C#=course.C#
    GROUP BY t.C#
    ORDER BY 100 * SUM(CASE WHEN  isnull(score,0)>=60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/COUNT(*) DESC
20、查询如下课程平均成绩和及格率的百分数(用"1行"显示): 企业管理（001），马克思（002），OO&UML （003），数据库（004）
    SELECT SUM(CASE WHEN C# ='001' THEN score ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE C# WHEN '001' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS 企业管理平均分
        ,100 * SUM(CASE WHEN C# = '001' AND score >= 60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE WHEN C# = '001' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS 企业管理及格百分数
        ,SUM(CASE WHEN C# = '002' THEN score ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE C# WHEN '002' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS 马克思平均分
        ,100 * SUM(CASE WHEN C# = '002' AND score >= 60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE WHEN C# = '002' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS 马克思及格百分数
        ,SUM(CASE WHEN C# = '003' THEN score ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE C# WHEN '003' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS UML平均分
        ,100 * SUM(CASE WHEN C# = '003' AND score >= 60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE WHEN C# = '003' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS UML及格百分数
        ,SUM(CASE WHEN C# = '004' THEN score ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE C# WHEN '004' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS 数据库平均分
        ,100 * SUM(CASE WHEN C# = '004' AND score >= 60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE WHEN C# = '004' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS 数据库及格百分数
  FROM SC
21、查询不同老师所教不同课程平均分从高到低显示
  SELECT max(Z.T#) AS 教师ID,MAX(Z.Tname) AS 教师姓名,C.C# AS 课程ＩＤ,MAX(C.Cname) AS 课程名称,AVG(Score) AS 平均成绩
    FROM SC AS T,Course AS C ,Teacher AS Z
    where T.C#=C.C# and C.T#=Z.T#
  GROUP BY C.C#
  ORDER BY AVG(Score) DESC
22、查询如下课程成绩第 3 名到第 6 名的学生成绩单：企业管理（001），马克思（002），UML （003），数据库（004）
    [学生ID],[学生姓名],企业管理,马克思,UML,数据库,平均成绩
    SELECT  DISTINCT top 3
      SC.S# As 学生学号,
        Student.Sname AS 学生姓名 ,
      T1.score AS 企业管理,
      T2.score AS 马克思,
      T3.score AS UML,
      T4.score AS 数据库,
      ISNULL(T1.score,0) + ISNULL(T2.score,0) + ISNULL(T3.score,0) + ISNULL(T4.score,0) as 总分
      FROM Student,SC  LEFT JOIN SC AS T1
                      ON SC.S# = T1.S# AND T1.C# = '001'
            LEFT JOIN SC AS T2
                      ON SC.S# = T2.S# AND T2.C# = '002'
            LEFT JOIN SC AS T3
                      ON SC.S# = T3.S# AND T3.C# = '003'
            LEFT JOIN SC AS T4
                      ON SC.S# = T4.S# AND T4.C# = '004'
      WHERE student.S#=SC.S# and
      ISNULL(T1.score,0) + ISNULL(T2.score,0) + ISNULL(T3.score,0) + ISNULL(T4.score,0)
      NOT IN
      (SELECT
            DISTINCT
            TOP 15 WITH TIES
            ISNULL(T1.score,0) + ISNULL(T2.score,0) + ISNULL(T3.score,0) + ISNULL(T4.score,0)
      FROM sc
            LEFT JOIN sc AS T1
                      ON sc.S# = T1.S# AND T1.C# = 'k1'
            LEFT JOIN sc AS T2
                      ON sc.S# = T2.S# AND T2.C# = 'k2'
            LEFT JOIN sc AS T3
                      ON sc.S# = T3.S# AND T3.C# = 'k3'
            LEFT JOIN sc AS T4
                      ON sc.S# = T4.S# AND T4.C# = 'k4'
      ORDER BY ISNULL(T1.score,0) + ISNULL(T2.score,0) + ISNULL(T3.score,0) + ISNULL(T4.score,0) DESC);

23、统计列印各科成绩,各分数段人数:课程ID,课程名称,[100-85],[85-70],[70-60],[ <60]

SELECT SC.C# as 课程ID, Cname as 课程名称
        ,SUM(CASE WHEN score BETWEEN 85 AND 100 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS [100 - 85]
        ,SUM(CASE WHEN score BETWEEN 70 AND 85 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS [85 - 70]
        ,SUM(CASE WHEN score BETWEEN 60 AND 70 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS [70 - 60]
        ,SUM(CASE WHEN score < 60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS [60 -]
    FROM SC,Course
    where SC.C#=Course.C#
    GROUP BY SC.C#,Cname;

24、查询学生平均成绩及其名次

SELECT 1+(SELECT COUNT( distinct 平均成绩)
              FROM (SELECT S#,AVG(score) AS 平均成绩
                      FROM SC
                  GROUP BY S#
                  ) AS T1
            WHERE 平均成绩 > T2.平均成绩) as 名次,
      S# as 学生学号,平均成绩
    FROM (SELECT S#,AVG(score) 平均成绩
            FROM SC
        GROUP BY S#
        ) AS T2
    ORDER BY 平均成绩 desc;
 
25、查询各科成绩前三名的记录:(不考虑成绩并列情况)
      SELECT t1.S# as 学生ID,t1.C# as 课程ID,Score as 分数
      FROM SC t1
      WHERE score IN (SELECT TOP 3 score
              FROM SC
              WHERE t1.C#= C#
            ORDER BY score DESC
              )
      ORDER BY t1.C#;
26、查询每门课程被选修的学生数
  select c#,count(S#) from sc group by C#;
27、查询出只选修了一门课程的全部学生的学号和姓名
  select SC.S#,Student.Sname,count(C#) AS 选课数
  from SC ,Student
  where SC.S#=Student.S# group by SC.S# ,Student.Sname having count(C#)=1;
28、查询男生、女生人数
    Select count(Ssex) as 男生人数 from Student group by Ssex having Ssex='男';
    Select count(Ssex) as 女生人数 from Student group by Ssex having Ssex='女'；
29、查询姓“张”的学生名单
    SELECT Sname FROM Student WHERE Sname like '张%';
30、查询同名同性学生名单，并统计同名人数
  select Sname,count(*) from Student group by Sname having  count(*)>1;;
31、1981年出生的学生名单(注：Student表中Sage列的类型是datetime)
    select Sname,  CONVERT(char (11),DATEPART(year,Sage)) as age
    from student
    where  CONVERT(char(11),DATEPART(year,Sage))='1981';
32、查询每门课程的平均成绩，结果按平均成绩升序排列，平均成绩相同时，按课程号降序排列
    Select C#,Avg(score) from SC group by C# order by Avg(score),C# DESC ;
33、查询平均成绩大于85的所有学生的学号、姓名和平均成绩
    select Sname,SC.S# ,avg(score)
    from Student,SC
    where Student.S#=SC.S# group by SC.S#,Sname having    avg(score)>85;
34、查询课程名称为“数据库”，且分数低于60的学生姓名和分数
    Select Sname,isnull(score,0)
    from Student,SC,Course
    where SC.S#=Student.S# and SC.C#=Course.C# and  Course.Cname='数据库'and score <60;
35、查询所有学生的选课情况；
    SELECT SC.S#,SC.C#,Sname,Cname
    FROM SC,Student,Course
    where SC.S#=Student.S# and SC.C#=Course.C# ;
36、查询任何一门课程成绩在70分以上的姓名、课程名称和分数；
    SELECT  distinct student.S#,student.Sname,SC.C#,SC.score
    FROM student,Sc
    WHERE SC.score>=70 AND SC.S#=student.S#;
37、查询不及格的课程，并按课程号从大到小排列
    select c# from sc where scor e <60 order by C# ;
38、查询课程编号为003且课程成绩在80分以上的学生的学号和姓名；
    select SC.S#,Student.Sname from SC,Student where SC.S#=Student.S# and Score>80 and C#='003';
39、求选了课程的学生人数
    select count(*) from sc;
40、查询选修“叶平”老师所授课程的学生中，成绩最高的学生姓名及其成绩
    select Student.Sname,score
    from Student,SC,Course C,Teacher
    where Student.S#=SC.S# and SC.C#=C.C# and C.T#=Teacher.T# and Teacher.Tname='叶平' and SC.score=(select max(score)from SC where C#=C.C# );
41、查询各个课程及相应的选修人数
    select count(*) from sc group by C#;
42、查询不同课程成绩相同的学生的学号、课程号、学生成绩
  select distinct  A.S#,B.score from SC A  ,SC B where A.Score=B.Score and A.C# <>B.C# ;
43、查询每门功成绩最好的前两名
    SELECT t1.S# as 学生ID,t1.C# as 课程ID,Score as 分数
      FROM SC t1
      WHERE score IN (SELECT TOP 2 score
              FROM SC
              WHERE t1.C#= C#
            ORDER BY score DESC
              )
      ORDER BY t1.C#;
44、统计每门课程的学生选修人数（超过10人的课程才统计）。要求输出课程号和选修人数，查询结果按人数降序排列，查询结果按人数降序排列，若人数相同，按课程号升序排列 
    select  C# as 课程号,count(*) as 人数
    from  sc 
    group  by  C#
    order  by  count(*) desc,c# 
45、检索至少选修两门课程的学生学号
    select  S# 
    from  sc 
    group  by  s#
    having  count(*)  >  =  2
46、查询全部学生都选修的课程的课程号和课程名
    select  C#,Cname 
    from  Course 
    where  C#  in  (select  c#  from  sc group  by  c#) 
47、查询没学过“叶平”老师讲授的任一门课程的学生姓名
    select Sname from Student where S# not in (select S# from Course,Teacher,SC where Course.T#=Teacher.T# and SC.C#=course.C# and Tname='叶平');
48、查询两门以上不及格课程的同学的学号及其平均成绩
    select S#,avg(isnull(score,0)) from SC where S# in (select S# from SC where score <60 group by S# having count(*)>2)group by S#;
49、检索“004”课程分数小于60，按分数降序排列的同学学号
    select S# from SC where C#='004'and score <60 order by score desc;
50、删除“002”同学的“001”课程的成绩
delete from Sc where S#='002'and C#='001';