Log4Net使用指南之用log4net记录日志到数据库（含有自定义属性）------附Demo例子源代码

Log4NET简介

log4net库是Apache log4j框架在Microsoft .NET平台的实现，是一个帮助程序员将日志信息输出到各种目标（控制台、文件、数据库等）的工具。

前提

最近做项目需要记录系统日志和用户操作日志，就想起来了log4net,但是业务需要需要加入自定义属性，并把自定义属性日志数据插入到数据库中，看好趁这个机会学习总结下。

详细步骤

一、首先下载：log4net.dll 下载地址：http://logging.apache.org/log4net/download_log4net.cgi

二、在项目中进行引用。这个不多说了，相信大家都很熟悉这个过程。

三、在web.config，加入以下代码:

  <configSections>

     <section name="log4net" type="log4net.Config.Log4NetConfigurationSectionHandler,log4net" />

   </configSections>

四、然后在与web.config同目录下面新建个配置文件，我这建了个log4net.config，如下图

五、在log4net.config加入以下代码，里面注释和详细，大家可以看如下代码：

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

 <configuration>

   <configSections>

     <section name="log4net" type="log4net.Config.Log4NetConfigurationSectionHandler,log4net"/>

   </configSections>

   <log4net>

     <logger name="myLogger">

       <level value="INFO"/>

       <appender-ref ref="AdoNetAppender_SqlServer"/>

       <!--sql server数据库1-->

       <appender-ref ref="AdoNetAppender_SqlServer1"/>

       <!--sql server数据库2-->

       <appender-ref ref="AdoNetAppender_Sqllite"/>

       <!--sqlite数据库-->

       <appender-ref ref="InfoAppender"/>

       <!--记录到文件-->

     </logger>

     <!--sql server数据库1-->

     <appender name="AdoNetAppender_SqlServer" type="log4net.Appender.AdoNetAppender">

       <!-- BufferSize 为缓冲区大小，只有日志记录超5 条才会一块写入到数据库 -->

       <!-- 或写为<param name="BufferSize" value="" /> -->

       <bufferSize value=""/>

       <!-- 引用 -->

       <!--.0这是对应sql2008 如是2000或2005另外配置-->

       <connectionType value="System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection, System.Data, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral,PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089"/>

       <!-- 连接数据库字符串 -->

       <connectionString value="Data Source=.;Initial Catalog=Log;User ID=sa;Password=sa123;" />

       <!-- 插入到表Log -->

       <commandText value = "INSERT INTO Mylogger ([EVENTTYPE],[TIMESTAMP],[EVENTCATEGORY],[EVENT_ID],[COMPUTERNAME],[MAC_ADDRESS],[USERNAME],[SOURCETYPE],[SOURCE],[DESCRIPTION],[COLLECTDATE]) VALUES (@Event_Type,@log_date, @EventCategory, @Event_ID, @ComputerName,@Mac_Address,@UserName,@SourceType,@Source,@Description,@CollectDate) "/>

       <!-- 日志类型，这里均为3 -->

       <parameter>

         <parameterName value = "@Event_Type"/>

         <dbType value = "Int32"/>

         <!--<dbType value = "String"/>

         <size value = ""/>-->

         <!-- LogComponent 是类所在的命名空间，MyLayout 是自定义属性所在的类，这是我们自己要写的部分，将在下面介绍。 -->

         <layout type = "Log4netExpand.MyLayout,log4nettest">

           <!-- 当用到property 时，就表明这是用户自定义的字段属性啦，是log4net 中所没有提供的字段。 -->

           <conversionPattern value = "%property{Event_Type} "/>

         </layout>

       </parameter>

       <!-- 日志记录时间，RawTimeStampLayout 为默认的时间输出格式 -->

       <parameter>

         <parameterName value = "@log_date"/>

         <dbType value = "DateTime"/>

         <layout type = "log4net.Layout.RawTimeStampLayout"/>

         <!-- /这里呢是获取log4net 中提供的日志时间 -->

       </parameter>

       <!-- 日志分类描述 -->

       <parameter>

         <parameterName value = "@EventCategory"/>

         <dbType value = "String"/>

         <size value = ""/>

         <layout type = "Log4netExpand.MyLayout,log4nettest">

           <conversionPattern value = "%property{EventCategory}"/>

         </layout>

       </parameter>

       <!-- 日志分类号 -->

       <parameter>

         <parameterName value = "@Event_ID"/>

         <dbType value = "Int32"/>

         <layout type = "Log4netExpand.MyLayout,log4nettest">

           <conversionPattern value = "%property{Event_ID}"/>

         </layout>

       </parameter>

       <!-- 计算机IP -->

       <parameter>

         <parameterName value = "@ComputerName"/>

         <dbType value = "String"/>

         <size value = ""/>

         <layout type = "Log4netExpand.MyLayout,log4nettest">

           <conversionPattern value = "%property{ComputerName}"/>

         </layout>

       </parameter>

       <!-- 计算机Mac 信息 -->

       <parameter>

         <parameterName value = "@Mac_Address"/>

         <dbType value = "String"/>

         <size value = "50 "/>

         <layout type = "Log4netExpand.MyLayout, log4nettest">

           <conversionPattern value = "%property{Mac_Address}"/>

         </layout>

       </parameter>

       <!-- 登陆系统用户名 -->

       <parameter>

         <parameterName value = "@UserName"/>

         <dbType value = "String"/>

         <size value = ""/>

         <layout type = "Log4netExpand.MyLayout,log4nettest">

           <conversionPattern value = "%property{UserName}"/>

         </layout>

       </parameter>

       <!-- 事件来源类型，这里默认为Rier -->

       <parameter>

         <parameterName value = "@SourceType"/>

         <dbType value = "String"/>

         <size value = ""/>

         <layout type = "Log4netExpand.MyLayout,log4nettest">

           <conversionPattern value = "%property{SourceType}"/>

         </layout>

       </parameter>

       <!-- 事件来源 -->

       <parameter>

         <parameterName value = "@Source "/>

         <dbType value = "String"/>

         <size value = ""/>

         <layout type = "Log4netExpand.MyLayout,log4nettest">

           <conversionPattern value = "%property{Source}"/>

         </layout>

       </parameter>

       <!-- 事件描述 -->

       <parameter>

         <parameterName value = "@Description "/>

         <dbType value = "String"/>

         <size value = ""/>

         <layout type = "Log4netExpand.MyLayout, log4nettest">

           <conversionPattern value = "%property{Description}"/>

         </layout>

       </parameter>

       <!-- 日志收集时间 -->

       <parameter>

         <parameterName value = "@CollectDate"/>

         <dbType value = "DateTime"/>

         <layout type="log4net.Layout.RawTimeStampLayout" />

       </parameter>

     </appender>

     <!--记录到文件-->

     <appender name="InfoAppender" type="log4net.Appender.RollingFileAppender">

       <lockingModel type="log4net.Appender.FileAppender+MinimalLock" />

       <param name="File" value="Log\\INFO\\"/>

       <param name="AppendToFile" value="true"/>

       <param name="MaxFileSize" value="" />

       <param name="MaxSizeRollBackups" value=""/>

       <param name="StaticLogFileName" value="false"/>

       <param name="DatePattern" value="yyyyMMdd&quot;.txt&quot;"/>

       <param name="RollingStyle" value="Date"/>

       <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout">

         <param name="ConversionPattern" value="记录时间：%date 线程ID:[%thread] 日志级别：%-5level 记录类：%logger 操作者ID：%property{Operator} 操作类型：%property{Action}%n 当前机器名:%property%n当前机器名及登录用户：%username %n               记录位置：%location%n 消息描述：%property{Message}%n 异常：%exception%n 消息：%message%newline%n%n" />

       </layout>

     </appender>

     <!--sql server数据库2-->

     <appender name="AdoNetAppender_SqlServer1" type="log4net.Appender.AdoNetAppender">

       <bufferSize value=""/>

       <!--.0这是对应sql2008 如是2000或2005另外配置-->

       <connectionType value="System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection, System.Data, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral,PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089"/>

       <!-- 连接数据库字符串 -->

       <connectionString value="Data Source=.;Initial Catalog=Log;User ID=sa;Password=sa123;" />

       <!-- 插入到表Log -->

       <commandText value="INSERT INTO Log ([Date],[Thread],[Level],[Logger],[Message],[Exception]) VALUES (@log_date, @thread, @log_level, @logger, @message,@exception)"/>

       <parameter>

         <parameterName value="@log_date"/>

         <dbType value="DateTime"/>

         <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout">

           <conversionPattern value="%date{yyyy'-'MM'-'dd HH':'mm':'ss'.'fff}" />

         </layout>

         <!-- <layout type="log4net.Layout.RawTimeStampLayout"/>-->

       </parameter>

       <parameter>

         <parameterName value="@thread"/>

         <dbType value="String"/>

         <size value=""/>

         <!-- LogComponent 是类所在的命名空间，MyLayout 是自定义属性所在的类，这是我们自己要写的部分，将在下面介绍。 -->

         <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout">

           <conversionPattern value="%thread"/>

         </layout>

       </parameter>

       <parameter>

         <parameterName value="@log_level"/>

         <dbType value="String"/>

         <size value=""/>

         <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout">

           <conversionPattern value="%level"/>

         </layout>

       </parameter>

       <parameter>

         <parameterName value="@logger"/>

         <dbType value="String"/>

         <size value=""/>

         <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout">

           <conversionPattern value="%logger"/>

         </layout>

       </parameter>

       <parameter>

         <parameterName value="@message"/>

         <dbType value="String"/>

         <size value=""/>

         <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout">

           <conversionPattern value="%message"/>

         </layout>

       </parameter>

       <parameter>

         <parameterName value="@exception" />

         <dbType value="String" />

         <size value="" />

         <layout type="log4net.Layout.ExceptionLayout" />

       </parameter>

     </appender>

     <!--sqlite数据库-->

     <appender name="AdoNetAppender_Sqllite" type="log4net.Appender.AdoNetAppender">

       <bufferSize value=""/>

       <!--.0这是对应sql2008 如是2000或2005另外配置-->

       <!--<connectionType value="System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection, System.Data, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral,PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089"/>-->

       <connectionType value="System.Data.SQLite.SQLiteConnection, System.Data.SQLite, Version=1.0.66.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=db937bc2d44ff139" />

       <!-- 连接数据库字符串 -->

       <!--<connectionString value="Data Source=.;Initial Catalog=Log;User ID=sa;Password=123;" />-->

       <connectionString value="C:\\Users\\Administrator\\Desktop\\log4net\\Log4netExpand\\Test.db3;" />

       <!-- 插入到表Log -->

       <commandText value="INSERT INTO MAIN.[Log] ([Date],[Thread],[Level],[Logger],[Message],[Exception]) VALUES (@log_date, @thread, @log_level, @logger, @message,@exception)"/>

       <parameter>

         <parameterName value="@log_date"/>

         <dbType value="DateTime"/>

         <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout">

           <conversionPattern value="%date{yyyy'-'MM'-'dd HH':'mm':'ss'.'fff}" />

         </layout>

         <!-- <layout type="log4net.Layout.RawTimeStampLayout"/>-->

       </parameter>

       <parameter>

         <parameterName value="@thread"/>

         <dbType value="String"/>

         <!--<size value=""/>-->

         <!-- LogComponent 是类所在的命名空间，MyLayout 是自定义属性所在的类，这是我们自己要写的部分，将在下面介绍。 -->

         <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout">

           <conversionPattern value="%thread"/>

         </layout>

       </parameter>

       <parameter>

         <parameterName value="@log_level"/>

         <dbType value="String"/>

         <!--<size value=""/>-->

         <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout">

           <conversionPattern value="%level"/>

         </layout>

       </parameter>

       <parameter>

         <parameterName value="@logger"/>

         <dbType value="String"/>

         <!--<size value=""/>-->

         <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout">

           <conversionPattern value="%logger"/>

         </layout>

       </parameter>

       <parameter>

         <parameterName value="@message"/>

         <dbType value="String"/>

         <!--<size value=""/>-->

         <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout">

           <conversionPattern value="%message"/>

         </layout>

       </parameter>

       <parameter>

         <parameterName value="@exception" />

         <dbType value="String" />

         <!--<size value="" />-->

         <layout type="log4net.Layout.ExceptionLayout" />

       </parameter>

     </appender>

   </log4net>

   <system.web>

     <compilation debug="true" targetFramework="4.0" />

   </system.web>

 </configuration>

我主要说下里面自定义属性的代码的分别代表意义：

 <parameter>

 96         <parameterName value = "@UserName"/>

 97         <dbType value = "String"/>

 98         <size value = "50"/>

 99         <layout type = "Log4netExpand.MyLayout,log4nettest">

100           <conversionPattern value = "%property{UserName}"/>

101         </layout>

102       </parameter>

其中MyLayout，是我们自己定义的类，下面有介绍；Log4netExpand是这个类的命名空间；log4nettest这个代表是aspx页面的命名空间。注意在此区分。

六、自定义类，这些类呢包含将要插入数据库中的自定义字段

命名空间为 Log4netExpand包含3个类：LogContent.cs、 MyLayout.cs 、MyMessagePatternConverter .cs

1)第一个LogContent类如下：

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Linq;

using System.Web;

namespace Log4netExpand

{

    /// <summary>

    /// 包含了所有的自定字段属性

    /// </summary>

    public class LogContent

    {

        /// <summary>

        /// 时间类型 均为3

        /// </summary>

        public int Event_Type { get; set; }

        /// <summary>

        /// 日志分类描述，自定义

        /// </summary>

        public string EventCategory { get; set; }

        /// <summary>

        /// 日志分类号

        /// </summary>

        public int Event_ID { get; set; }

        /// <summary>

        /// 计算机IP

        /// </summary>

        public string ComputerName { get; set; }

        /// <summary>

        /// 计算机Mac 地址

        /// </summary>

        public string Mac_Address { get; set; }

        /// <summary>

        /// 系统登陆用户

        /// </summary>

        public string UserName { get; set; }

        /// <summary>

        /// Rier

        /// </summary>

        public string SourceType { get; set; }

        /// <summary>

        /// Rier Recorder audit

        /// </summary>

        public string Source { get; set; }

        /// <summary>

        /// 日志描述信息

        /// </summary>

        public string Description { get; set; }

    }

}

2）第二个类MyLayout代码如下：

 using System;

 using System.Collections.Generic;

 using System.Linq;

 using System.Web;

 using log4net.Layout;

 namespace Log4netExpand

 {

     class MyLayout : PatternLayout

     {

         public MyLayout()

         {

             this.AddConverter("property", typeof(MyMessagePatternConverter));

         }

     }

 }

3）第三个类MyMessagePatternConverter 代码如下：

 using System;

 using System.Collections.Generic;

 using System.Linq;

 using System.Web;

 using System.Reflection;

 using log4net.Layout.Pattern;

 namespace Log4netExpand

 {

     public class MyMessagePatternConverter : PatternLayoutConverter

     {

         protected override void Convert(System.IO.TextWriter writer, log4net.Core.LoggingEvent loggingEvent)

         {

             if (Option != null)

             {

                 // Write the value for the specified key

                 WriteObject(writer, loggingEvent.Repository, LookupProperty(Option, loggingEvent));

             }

             else

             {

                 // Write all the key value pairs

                 WriteDictionary(writer, loggingEvent.Repository, loggingEvent.GetProperties());

             }

             //if (Option != null)

             //{

             //    // Write the value for the specified key

             //    WriteObject(writer, loggingEvent.Repository, loggingEvent.LookupProperty(Option));

             //}

             //else

             //{

             //    // Write all the key value pairs

             //    WriteDictionary(writer, loggingEvent.Repository, loggingEvent.GetProperties());

             //}

         }

         /// <summary>

         /// 通过反射获取传入的日志对象的某个属性的值

         /// </summary>

         /// <param name="property"></param>

         /// <returns></returns>

         private object LookupProperty(string property, log4net.Core.LoggingEvent loggingEvent)

         {

             object propertyValue = string.Empty;

             PropertyInfo propertyInfo = loggingEvent.MessageObject.GetType().GetProperty(property);

             if (propertyInfo != null)

                 propertyValue = propertyInfo.GetValue(loggingEvent.MessageObject, null);

             return propertyValue;

         }

     }

 }

七、代码页，实现通过log4net把日志（含自定一生属性）添加到数据库

 using System;

 using System.Collections.Generic;

 using System.Linq;

 using System.Web;

 using System.Web.UI;

 using System.Web.UI.WebControls;

 using System.Management;

 using Log4netExpand;

 namespace Log4netExpand

 {

     public partial class test : System.Web.UI.Page

     {

         protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)

         {

         }

         protected void Button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

         {

             log4net.ILog log = log4net.LogManager.GetLogger("myLogger");

             LogContent logmodel = new LogContent();

             logmodel.Event_Type = ;

             logmodel.EventCategory = "登陆系统";

             logmodel.Event_ID = ;

             logmodel.ComputerName = Request.UserHostAddress;

             logmodel.Mac_Address = GetMacAddress();

             logmodel.Source = "SS";

             logmodel.SourceType = "";

             logmodel.UserName = "ADMIN";

             logmodel.Description = "TEST";//在记录数据库操作时，可以在petapoco底层将sql语句放入其中。

             LogHelper.WriteLog(logmodel);

             lbMsg.Text = "数据记录成功！";

         }

         public string GetMacAddress()

         {

             string mac = "";

             try

             {

                 //获取网卡硬件地址

                 ManagementClass mc = new ManagementClass("Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration");

                 ManagementObjectCollection moc = mc.GetInstances();

                 List<string> list = new List<string>();

                 foreach (ManagementObject mo in moc)

                 {

                     if ((bool)mo["IPEnabled"] == true)

                     {

                         mac = mo["MacAddress"].ToString();

                         list.Add(mac);

                     }

                 }

                 moc = null;

                 mc = null;

                 mac = list[list.Count - ];

                 return mac;

             }

             catch

             {

                 return "unknow";

             }

         }

     }

 }

代码例子源代码： Demo下载