MySQL/MariaDB数据库的复制过滤器

　　　　　MySQL/MariaDB数据库的复制过滤器

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　作者：尹正杰

一.复制过滤器概述

1>.复制器过滤器功能

　　让从节点仅复制指定的数据库，或指定数据库的指定表。

2>.两种实现方式

方案一:
　　主服务器仅向二进制日志中记录与特定数据库相关的事件
　　此项和binlog_format相关,详情请参考官网说明:https://mariadb.com/kb/en/library/mysqld-options/#-binlog-ignore-db
　　　　binlog_do_db = 数据库白名单列表，多个数据库需多行实现
　　　　binlog_ignore_db = 数据库黑名单列表
　　问题：
　　　　基于二进制还原将无法实现(因为记录的日志只有部分数据库信息，可能存在部分数据无法还原的现象)；不建议使用
 
方案二:
　　从服务器SQL_THREAD在replay中继日志中的事件时，仅读取与特定数据库(特定表)相关的事件并应用于本地
　　问题：
　　　　由于将master节点的所有数据都copy至slave节点,但SQL_THREAD线程仅读取与特定数据库(特定表)相关的事件并应用于本地,也就是说部分数据传过来也不去使用，这会造成网络及磁盘IO浪费。

3>.从服务器上的复制过滤器相关变量

MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE '%replicate%';
+----------------------------------+-----------+
| Variable_name                    | Value     |
+----------------------------------+-----------+
| replicate_annotate_row_events    | OFF       |
| replicate_do_db                  |           |
| replicate_do_table               |           |
| replicate_events_marked_for_skip | replicate |
| replicate_ignore_db              |           |
| replicate_ignore_table           |           |
| replicate_wild_do_table          |           |
| replicate_wild_ignore_table      |           |
+----------------------------------+-----------+
 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
MariaDB [(none)]>

MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE '%replicate%';

replicate_do_db=
    指定复制库的白名单
replicate_ignore_db=
    指定复制库黑名单
replicate_do_table=
    指定复制表的白名单
replicate_ignore_table=
    指定复制表的黑名单
replicate_wild_do_table= foo%.bar%
    解决跨库更新的问题支持通配符
replicate_wild_ignore_table=
　　同上

二.复制过滤器在slave节点定义白名单案例

1>.master服务器配置

[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
server-id                    =
binlog_format                = row
log_bin                      = /data/mysql/logbin/master-
character-set-server         = utf8mb4
default_storage_engine       = InnoDB
datadir                      = /var/lib/mysql
socket                       = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
 
[mysqld_safe]
log-error                    = /var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log
pid-file                     = /var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid
 
!includedir /etc/my.cnf.d
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#

[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf　　　　#查看配置文件

[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll /var/lib/mysql/
total
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll /data/mysql/logbin/
total
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# systemctl start mariadb
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll /var/lib/mysql/
total
-rw-rw----  mysql mysql     Nov  : aria_log.
-rw-rw----  mysql mysql        Nov  : aria_log_control
-rw-rw----  mysql mysql  Nov  : ibdata1
-rw-rw----  mysql mysql   Nov  : ib_logfile0
-rw-rw----  mysql mysql   Nov  : ib_logfile1
drwx------  mysql mysql      Nov  : mysql
srwxrwxrwx  mysql mysql         Nov  : mysql.sock
drwx------  mysql mysql      Nov  : performance_schema
drwx------  mysql mysql         Nov  : test
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll /data/mysql/logbin/
total
-rw-rw----  mysql mysql   Nov  : master-102.000001
-rw-rw----  mysql mysql  Nov  : master-102.000002
-rw-rw----  mysql mysql     Nov  : master-102.000003
-rw-rw----  mysql mysql     Nov  : master-.index
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#

[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# systemctl start mariadb　　#启动数据库实例

[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# mysql
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is
Server version: 5.5.-MariaDB MariaDB Server
 
Copyright (c) , , Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
 
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
 
MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> SELECT user,host,password FROM mysql.user;
+------+----------------------------+----------+
| user | host                       | password |
+------+----------------------------+----------+
| root | localhost                  |          |
| root | node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn |          |
| root | 127.0.0.1                  |          |
| root | ::                        |          |
|      | localhost                  |          |
|      | node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn |          |
+------+----------------------------+----------+
 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'copy'@'172.30.1.10%' IDENTIFIED BY 'yinzhengjie';
Query OK,  rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> SELECT user,host,password FROM mysql.user;
+------+----------------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| user | host                       | password                                  |
+------+----------------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| root | localhost                  |                                           |
| root | node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn |                                           |
| root | 127.0.0.1                  |                                           |
| root | ::                        |                                           |
|      | localhost                  |                                           |
|      | node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn |                                           |
| copy | 172.30.1.10%               | *BD0B1F48FDC55BD27555FC2F22FF29A68A25A1D7 |
+------+----------------------------+-------------------------------------------+
 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> QUIT
Bye
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#

在master节点上创建有复制权限的用户账号

[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# mysql
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is
Server version: 5.5.-MariaDB MariaDB Server
 
Copyright (c) , , Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
 
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
 
MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW MASTER LOGS;
+-------------------+-----------+
| Log_name          | File_size |
+-------------------+-----------+
| master-102.000001 |      |
| master-102.000002 |     |
| master-102.000003 |        |
+-------------------+-----------+
 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW MASTER STATUS;
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File              | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| master-102.000003 |       |              |                  |
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> QUIT
Bye
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#

MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW MASTER STATUS;　　　　　　#查看master当前二进制日志状态信息

2>.slave节点配置主从复制

[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf　　　　　　#查看配置文件
[mysqld]
server-id                   =
binlog_format               = row
read-only                   = on
replicate_do_db             = devops
relay_log                   = relay-log-
relay_log_index             = relay-log-.index
character-set-server        = utf8mb4
default_storage_engine      = InnoDB
datadir                     = /var/lib/mysql
socket                      = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
 
[mysqld_safe]
log-error                   = /var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log
pid-file                    = /var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid
 
!includedir /etc/my.cnf.d
[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#

[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf　　#编辑配置文件,指定值复制devops这个数据库

[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll /var/lib/mysql/
total
[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# systemctl start mariadb
[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll /var/lib/mysql/
total
-rw-rw----  mysql mysql     Nov  : aria_log.
-rw-rw----  mysql mysql        Nov  : aria_log_control
-rw-rw----  mysql mysql  Nov  : ibdata1
-rw-rw----  mysql mysql   Nov  : ib_logfile0
-rw-rw----  mysql mysql   Nov  : ib_logfile1
drwx------  mysql mysql      Nov  : mysql
srwxrwxrwx  mysql mysql         Nov  : mysql.sock
drwx------  mysql mysql      Nov  : performance_schema
drwx------  mysql mysql         Nov  : test
[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#

[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# systemctl start mariadb

[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# mysql
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is
Server version: 5.5.-MariaDB MariaDB Server
 
Copyright (c) , , Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
 
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
 
MariaDB [(none)]> CHANGE MASTER TO
    -> MASTER_HOST='172.30.1.102',
    -> MASTER_USER='copy',
    -> MASTER_PASSWORD='yinzhengjie',
    -> MASTER_PORT=,
    -> MASTER_LOG_FILE='master-102.000003',
    -> MASTER_LOG_POS=,
    -> MASTER_CONNECT_RETRY=;
Query OK,  rows affected (0.01 sec)
 
MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G
*************************** . row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State:
                  Master_Host: 172.30.1.102
                  Master_User: copy
                  Master_Port:
                Connect_Retry:
              Master_Log_File: master-102.000003
          Read_Master_Log_Pos:
               Relay_Log_File: relay-log-103.000001
                Relay_Log_Pos:
        Relay_Master_Log_File: master-102.000003
             Slave_IO_Running: No
            Slave_SQL_Running: No
              Replicate_Do_DB: devops
          Replicate_Ignore_DB:
           Replicate_Do_Table:
       Replicate_Ignore_Table:
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
                   Last_Errno:
                   Last_Error:
                 Skip_Counter:
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos:
              Relay_Log_Space:
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File:
                Until_Log_Pos:
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File:
           Master_SSL_CA_Path:
              Master_SSL_Cert:
            Master_SSL_Cipher:
               Master_SSL_Key:
        Seconds_Behind_Master: NULL
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno:
                Last_IO_Error:
               Last_SQL_Errno:
               Last_SQL_Error:
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
             Master_Server_Id:
 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> START SLAVE;
Query OK,  rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G
*************************** . row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 172.30.1.102
                  Master_User: copy
                  Master_Port:
                Connect_Retry:
              Master_Log_File: master-102.000003
          Read_Master_Log_Pos:
               Relay_Log_File: relay-log-103.000002
                Relay_Log_Pos:
        Relay_Master_Log_File: master-102.000003
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
              Replicate_Do_DB: devops
          Replicate_Ignore_DB:
           Replicate_Do_Table:
       Replicate_Ignore_Table:
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
                   Last_Errno:
                   Last_Error:
                 Skip_Counter:
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos:
              Relay_Log_Space:
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File:
                Until_Log_Pos:
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File:
           Master_SSL_CA_Path:
              Master_SSL_Cert:
            Master_SSL_Cipher:
               Master_SSL_Key:
        Seconds_Behind_Master:
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno:
                Last_IO_Error:
               Last_SQL_Errno:
               Last_SQL_Error:
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
             Master_Server_Id:
 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
MariaDB [(none)]>

slave配置主从复制详细过程

3>.验证数据库配置是否生效

[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# mysql
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is
Server version: 5.5.-MariaDB MariaDB Server
 
Copyright (c) , , Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
 
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
 
MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW DATABASES;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| test               |
+--------------------+
rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE db1;
Query OK,  row affected (0.00 sec)
 
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE db2;
Query OK,  row affected (0.00 sec)
 
MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE db3;
Query OK,  row affected (0.00 sec)
 
MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE devops;
Query OK,  row affected (0.00 sec)
 
MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW DATABASES;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| db1                |
| db2                |
| db3                |
| devops             |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| test               |
+--------------------+
rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> USE devops
Database changed
MariaDB [devops]>
MariaDB [devops]> CREATE TABLE students(id INT UNSIGNED AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,name VARCHAR() NOT NULL,sex ENUM('bo
y','girl') DEFAULT 'boy',age TINYINT UNSIGNED,mobile CHAR(11),address VARCHAR(50));Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
 
MariaDB [devops]>
MariaDB [devops]> INSERT INTO students (name,age,mobile,address) VALUES ('Jason Yin',,,'beijing'),('Jay','',
,'Taiwan');Query OK,  rows affected (0.01 sec)
Records:   Duplicates:   Warnings: 
 
MariaDB [devops]>
MariaDB [devops]> SHOW TABLES;
+------------------+
| Tables_in_devops |
+------------------+
| students         |
+------------------+
 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
MariaDB [devops]>
MariaDB [devops]> SELECT * FROM students;
+----+-----------+------+------+--------+---------+
| id | name      | sex  | age  | mobile | address |
+----+-----------+------+------+--------+---------+
|   | Jason Yin | boy  |    |   | beijing |
|   | Jay       | boy  |    |   | Taiwan  |
+----+-----------+------+------+--------+---------+
 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
MariaDB [devops]>
MariaDB [devops]>

master节点创建多个测试数据库

[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# mysql
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is
Server version: 5.5.-MariaDB MariaDB Server
 
Copyright (c) , , Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
 
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
 
MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW DATABASES;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| devops             |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| test               |
+--------------------+
 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> USE devops
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
 
Database changed
MariaDB [devops]> SHOW TABLES;
+------------------+
| Tables_in_devops |
+------------------+
| students         |
+------------------+
 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
MariaDB [devops]>
MariaDB [devops]> SELECT * FROM students;
+----+-----------+------+------+--------+---------+
| id | name      | sex  | age  | mobile | address |
+----+-----------+------+------+--------+---------+
|   | Jason Yin | boy  |    |   | beijing |
|   | Jay       | boy  |    |   | Taiwan  |
+----+-----------+------+------+--------+---------+
 rows in set (0.01 sec)
 
MariaDB [devops]>
MariaDB [devops]>
MariaDB [(none)]> QUIT
Bye
[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#

slave节点发现只有一个数据库的信息过来啦

三.复制过滤器在master节点定义白名单案例

1>.master服务器配置

[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
server-id                    =
binlog_format                = row
log_bin                      = /data/mysql/logbin/master-
binlog_do_db                 = db2　　　　　　#此处我们只记录db2的日志
binlog_do_db                 = devops　　　　 #和上面一行累加起来，就是只记录db2和devops数据库的内容
character-set-server         = utf8mb4
default_storage_engine       = InnoDB
datadir                      = /var/lib/mysql
socket                       = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
 
[mysqld_safe]
log-error                    = /var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log
pid-file                     = /var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid
 
!includedir /etc/my.cnf.d
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#

[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf

[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll /var/lib/mysql/
total
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll /data/mysql/logbin/
total
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# systemctl start mariadb
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll /var/lib/mysql/
total
-rw-rw----  mysql mysql     Nov  : aria_log.
-rw-rw----  mysql mysql        Nov  : aria_log_control
-rw-rw----  mysql mysql  Nov  : ibdata1
-rw-rw----  mysql mysql   Nov  : ib_logfile0
-rw-rw----  mysql mysql   Nov  : ib_logfile1
drwx------  mysql mysql      Nov  : mysql
srwxrwxrwx  mysql mysql         Nov  : mysql.sock
drwx------  mysql mysql      Nov  : performance_schema
drwx------  mysql mysql         Nov  : test
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll /data/mysql/logbin/
total
-rw-rw----  mysql mysql  Nov  : master-102.000001
-rw-rw----  mysql mysql  Nov  : master-102.000002
-rw-rw----  mysql mysql  Nov  : master-102.000003
-rw-rw----  mysql mysql  Nov  : master-.index
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#

[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# systemctl start mariadb

[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# mysql
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is
Server version: 5.5.-MariaDB MariaDB Server
 
Copyright (c) , , Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
 
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
 
MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> SELECT user,host,password FROM mysql.user;
+------+----------------------------+----------+
| user | host                       | password |
+------+----------------------------+----------+
| root | localhost                  |          |
| root | node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn |          |
| root | 127.0.0.1                  |          |
| root | ::                        |          |
|      | localhost                  |          |
|      | node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn |          |
+------+----------------------------+----------+
rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'copy'@'172.30.1.10%' IDENTIFIED BY 'yinzhengjie';
Query OK,  rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> SELECT user,host,password FROM mysql.user;
+------+----------------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| user | host                       | password                                  |
+------+----------------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| root | localhost                  |                                           |
| root | node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn |                                           |
| root | 127.0.0.1                  |                                           |
| root | ::                        |                                           |
|      | localhost                  |                                           |
|      | node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn |                                           |
| copy | 172.30.1.10%               | *BD0B1F48FDC55BD27555FC2F22FF29A68A25A1D7 |
+------+----------------------------+-------------------------------------------+
rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> QUIT
Bye
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#

在master节点上创建有复制权限的用户账号

[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# mysql
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is
Server version: 5.5.-MariaDB MariaDB Server
 
Copyright (c) , , Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
 
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
 
MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW MASTER LOGS;
+-------------------+-----------+
| Log_name          | File_size |
+-------------------+-----------+
| master-102.000001 |      |
| master-102.000002 |     |
| master-102.000003 |        |
+-------------------+-----------+
rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW MASTER STATUS;
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File              | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| master-102.000003 |       |              |                  |
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
row in set (0.00 sec)
 
MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> QUIT
Bye
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#

MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW MASTER STATUS;　　　　　　#查看master当前二进制日志状态信息

2>.slave节点配置主从复制

[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf　　　　　　#最好将之前配置的从节点白名单删除，以免影响试验结果
[mysqld]
server-id                   =
binlog_format               = row
read-only                   = on
relay_log                   = relay-log-
relay_log_index             = relay-log-.index
character-set-server        = utf8mb4
default_storage_engine      = InnoDB
datadir                     = /var/lib/mysql
socket                      = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
 
[mysqld_safe]
log-error                   = /var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log
pid-file                    = /var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid
 
!includedir /etc/my.cnf.d
[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#

[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf　　　　　　#最好将之前配置的从节点白名单删除

[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll /var/lib/mysql/
total
[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# systemctl start mariadb
[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll /var/lib/mysql/
total
-rw-rw----  mysql mysql     Nov  : aria_log.
-rw-rw----  mysql mysql        Nov  : aria_log_control
-rw-rw----  mysql mysql  Nov  : ibdata1
-rw-rw----  mysql mysql   Nov  : ib_logfile0
-rw-rw----  mysql mysql   Nov  : ib_logfile1
drwx------  mysql mysql      Nov  : mysql
srwxrwxrwx  mysql mysql         Nov  : mysql.sock
drwx------  mysql mysql      Nov  : performance_schema
drwx------  mysql mysql         Nov  : test
[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#

[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# systemctl start mariadb

[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# mysql
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is
Server version: 5.5.-MariaDB MariaDB Server
 
Copyright (c) , , Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
 
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
 
MariaDB [(none)]> CHANGE MASTER TO
    -> MASTER_HOST='172.30.1.102',
    -> MASTER_USER='copy',
    -> MASTER_PASSWORD='yinzhengjie',
    -> MASTER_PORT=,
    -> MASTER_LOG_FILE='master-102.000003',
    -> MASTER_LOG_POS=,
    -> MASTER_CONNECT_RETRY=;
Query OK,  rows affected (0.01 sec)
 
MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G
*************************** . row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State:
                  Master_Host: 172.30.1.102
                  Master_User: copy
                  Master_Port:
                Connect_Retry:
              Master_Log_File: master-102.000003
          Read_Master_Log_Pos:
               Relay_Log_File: relay-log-103.000001
                Relay_Log_Pos:
        Relay_Master_Log_File: master-102.000003
             Slave_IO_Running: No
            Slave_SQL_Running: No
              Replicate_Do_DB: devops
          Replicate_Ignore_DB:
           Replicate_Do_Table:
       Replicate_Ignore_Table:
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
                   Last_Errno:
                   Last_Error:
                 Skip_Counter:
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos:
              Relay_Log_Space:
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File:
                Until_Log_Pos:
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File:
           Master_SSL_CA_Path:
              Master_SSL_Cert:
            Master_SSL_Cipher:
               Master_SSL_Key:
        Seconds_Behind_Master: NULL
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno:
                Last_IO_Error:
               Last_SQL_Errno:
               Last_SQL_Error:
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
             Master_Server_Id:
row in set (0.00 sec)
 
MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> START SLAVE;
Query OK,  rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G
*************************** . row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 172.30.1.102
                  Master_User: copy
                  Master_Port:
                Connect_Retry:
              Master_Log_File: master-102.000003
          Read_Master_Log_Pos:
               Relay_Log_File: relay-log-103.000002
                Relay_Log_Pos:
        Relay_Master_Log_File: master-102.000003
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
              Replicate_Do_DB: devops
          Replicate_Ignore_DB:
           Replicate_Do_Table:
       Replicate_Ignore_Table:
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
                   Last_Errno:
                   Last_Error:
                 Skip_Counter:
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos:
              Relay_Log_Space:
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File:
                Until_Log_Pos:
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File:
           Master_SSL_CA_Path:
              Master_SSL_Cert:
            Master_SSL_Cipher:
               Master_SSL_Key:
        Seconds_Behind_Master:
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno:
                Last_IO_Error:
               Last_SQL_Errno:
               Last_SQL_Error:
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
             Master_Server_Id:
row in set (0.00 sec)
 
MariaDB [(none)]>

slave配置主从复制详细过程

3>.验证数据库配置是否生效

[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# mysql
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is
Server version: 5.5.-MariaDB MariaDB Server
 
Copyright (c) , , Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
 
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
 
MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW DATABASES;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| test               |
+--------------------+
rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE db1;
Query OK,  row affected (0.00 sec)
 
MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE db2;
Query OK,  row affected (0.00 sec)
 
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE db3;
Query OK,  row affected (0.00 sec)
 
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE devops;
Query OK,  row affected (0.00 sec)
 
MariaDB [(none)]> USE devops
Database changed
MariaDB [devops]>
MariaDB [devops]> CREATE TABLE students(id INT UNSIGNED AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,name VARCHAR() NOT NULL,sex ENUM('boy','girl') DEFAULT 'boy',age TINYINT UNSIGNED,mobile CHAR(),address VARCHAR());
Query OK,  rows affected (0.01 sec)
 
MariaDB [devops]>
MariaDB [devops]> INSERT INTO students (name,age,mobile,address) VALUES ('Jason Yin',,,'beijing'),('Jay','',,'Taiwan');
Query OK,  rows affected (0.01 sec)
Records:   Duplicates:   Warnings: 
 
MariaDB [devops]>
MariaDB [devops]> SELECT * FROM students;
+----+-----------+------+------+--------+---------+
| id | name      | sex  | age  | mobile | address |
+----+-----------+------+------+--------+---------+
|   | Jason Yin | boy  |    |   | beijing |
|   | Jay       | boy  |    |   | Taiwan  |
+----+-----------+------+------+--------+---------+
rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
MariaDB [devops]>
MariaDB [devops]> USE db2
Database changed
MariaDB [db2]>
MariaDB [db2]> CREATE TABLE test SELECT * FROM devops.students;
Query OK,  rows affected (0.00 sec)
Records:   Duplicates:   Warnings: 
 
MariaDB [db2]>
MariaDB [db2]> SELECT * FROM test;
+----+-----------+------+------+--------+---------+
| id | name      | sex  | age  | mobile | address |
+----+-----------+------+------+--------+---------+
|   | Jason Yin | boy  |    |   | beijing |
|   | Jay       | boy  |    |   | Taiwan  |
+----+-----------+------+------+--------+---------+
rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
MariaDB [db2]>
MariaDB [db2]> SHOW DATABASES;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| db1                |
| db2                |
| db3                |
| devops             |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| test               |
+--------------------+
 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
MariaDB [db2]>
MariaDB [db2]> QUIT
Bye
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#

master节点创建多个测试数据库

[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# mysql
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is
Server version: 5.5.-MariaDB MariaDB Server
 
Copyright (c) , , Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
 
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
 
MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW DATABASES;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| db2                |
| devops             |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| test               |
+--------------------+
 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> USE devops
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
 
Database changed
MariaDB [devops]>
MariaDB [devops]> SHOW TABLES;
+------------------+
| Tables_in_devops |
+------------------+
| students         |
+------------------+
 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
MariaDB [devops]>
MariaDB [devops]> SELECT * FROM students;
+----+-----------+------+------+--------+---------+
| id | name      | sex  | age  | mobile | address |
+----+-----------+------+------+--------+---------+
|   | Jason Yin | boy  |    |   | beijing |
|   | Jay       | boy  |    |   | Taiwan  |
+----+-----------+------+------+--------+---------+
 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
MariaDB [devops]>
MariaDB [devops]> USE db2
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
 
Database changed
MariaDB [db2]>
MariaDB [db2]> SHOW TABLES;
+---------------+
| Tables_in_db2 |
+---------------+
| test          |
+---------------+
 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
MariaDB [db2]>
MariaDB [db2]> SELECT * FROM test;
+----+-----------+------+------+--------+---------+
| id | name      | sex  | age  | mobile | address |
+----+-----------+------+------+--------+---------+
|   | Jason Yin | boy  |    |   | beijing |
|   | Jay       | boy  |    |   | Taiwan  |
+----+-----------+------+------+--------+---------+
 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
MariaDB [db2]>
MariaDB [db2]> QUIT
Bye
[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#

slave节点发现只有db2和devops两个数据库的信息过来啦

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