方式一:

如果想通过 HttpURLConnection 访问网站，网站返回cookie信息，下次再通过HttpURLConnection访问时，把网站返回 cookie信息再返回给该网站。可以使用下面代码。

CookieManager manager = new CookieManager();

CookieHandler.setDefault(manager);

通过这两行代码就可以把网站返回的cookie信息存储起来，下次访问网站的时候，自动帮你把cookie信息带上。

CookieManager还可以设置CookiePolicy。设置如下

CookieManager manager = new CookieManager();

//设置cookie策略，只接受与你对话服务器的cookie，而不接收Internet上其它服务器发送的cookie

manager.setCookiePolicy(CookiePolicy.ACCEPT_ORIGINAL_SERVER);

CookiePolicy 策略机制解析

public interface CookiePolicy {

    public static final CookiePolicy ACCEPT_ALL = new CookiePolicy(){

        public boolean shouldAccept(URI uri, HttpCookie cookie) {

            return true;

        }

    };

    public static final CookiePolicy ACCEPT_NONE = new CookiePolicy(){

        public boolean shouldAccept(URI uri, HttpCookie cookie) {

            return false;

        }

    };

    public static final CookiePolicy ACCEPT_ORIGINAL_SERVER  = new CookiePolicy(){

        public boolean shouldAccept(URI uri, HttpCookie cookie) {

            if (uri == null || cookie == null)

                return false;

            return HttpCookie.domainMatches(cookie.getDomain(), uri.getHost());

        }

    };

    public boolean shouldAccept(URI uri, HttpCookie cookie);

}

从源码中可以看出CookiePolicy 默认提供了3中策略实现机制

CookiePolicy.ACCEPT_ALL;

从源码中可以发现直接return true。就是接受所有的cookie。
CookiePolicy.ACCEPT_NONE;

从源码中可以发现直接return false。就是拒绝所有的cookie。
CookiePolicy.ACCEPT_ORIGINAL_SERVER;

内部调用了HttpCookie.domainMatches的方法。该方法是判断cookie的域和URL的域是否一样，如果一样就return true。只接收域名相同的Cookie

Cookie实现机制

这样每次在调用HttpURLConnection访问网站的时候，通过CookieHandler.getDefault()方法获取CookieManager实例（静态的方法，全局都可用）。

从解析http的响应头中的cookie调用CookieHandler中的put方法存放到CookieStore中。

再次访问网站的时候调用CookieHandler中的get方法获取该uri响应的cookie，并提交到该站点中。

这样开发人员就不需要干预cookie信息，则每次访问网站会自动携带cookie。

代码示例

本例子中使用到了CookieHandler、CookieManager 、CookieStore、 HttpCookie。

public class CookieManagerDemo {

    //打印cookie信息

    public static void printCookie(CookieStore cookieStore){

        List<HttpCookie> listCookie = cookieStore.getCookies();

        listCookie.forEach(httpCookie -> {

            System.out.println("--------------------------------------");

            System.out.println("class      : "+httpCookie.getClass());

            System.out.println("comment    : "+httpCookie.getComment());

            System.out.println("commentURL : "+httpCookie.getCommentURL());

            System.out.println("discard    : "+httpCookie.getDiscard());

            System.out.println("domain     : "+httpCookie.getDomain());

            System.out.println("maxAge     : "+httpCookie.getMaxAge());

            System.out.println("name       : "+httpCookie.getName());

            System.out.println("path       : "+httpCookie.getPath());

            System.out.println("portlist   : "+httpCookie.getPortlist());

            System.out.println("secure     : "+httpCookie.getSecure());

            System.out.println("value      : "+httpCookie.getValue());

            System.out.println("version    : "+httpCookie.getVersion());

            System.out.println("httpCookie : "+httpCookie);

        });

    }

    public static void requestURL() throws Exception{

        URL url = new URL("http://192.168.3.249:9000/webDemo/index.jsp");

        HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();

        String basic = Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString("infcn:123456".getBytes());

        conn.setRequestProperty("Proxy-authorization", "Basic " + basic);

        BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream()));

        String line = null;

        while((line=br.readLine())!=null){

            System.out.println(line);

        }

        br.close();

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        CookieManager manager = new CookieManager();

        //设置cookie策略，只接受与你对话服务器的cookie，而不接收Internet上其它服务器发送的cookie

        manager.setCookiePolicy(CookiePolicy.ACCEPT_ORIGINAL_SERVER);

        CookieHandler.setDefault(manager);

        printCookie(manager.getCookieStore());

        //第一次请求

        requestURL();

        printCookie(manager.getCookieStore());

        //第二次请求

        requestURL();

    }

}

方式一:

获取Cookies,多个cookie是以;分隔

import java.io.BufferedReader;

import java.io.BufferedWriter;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.io.InputStream;

import java.io.InputStreamReader;

import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;

import java.net.CookieHandler;

import java.net.CookieManager;

import java.net.CookiePolicy;

import java.net.CookieStore;

import java.net.HttpURLConnection;

import java.net.MalformedURLException;

import java.net.ProtocolException;

import java.net.Proxy;

import java.net.URL;

import java.util.List;

import java.util.Map;

import java.util.Map.Entry;

import java.util.Set;

public class HttpUtil {

    public static final String  KEY_HEADER_COOKIE="Set-Cookie";

    public static final String  KEY_REQUEST_COOKIE = "Cookie";

    private HttpUtil() {

    }

    public static CookieStore setCookieManager(){

        CookieManager manager = new CookieManager();

        //设置cookie策略，只接受与你对话服务器的cookie，而不接收Internet上其它服务器发送的cookie

        manager.setCookiePolicy(CookiePolicy.ACCEPT_ORIGINAL_SERVER);

        CookieHandler.setDefault(manager);

        CookieStore cookieStore = manager.getCookieStore();

        return cookieStore;

    }

    public static ResponseResult doGet(String path, Map<String, String> headers, boolean redirect,Proxy proxy) {

        HttpURLConnection connection = null;

        ResponseResult result = new ResponseResult();

        try {

            // 1. 得到访问地址的URL

            URL url = new URL(new String(path.getBytes(), "UTF-8"));

            // 2. 得到网络访问对象java.net.HttpURLConnection

            if (proxy != null) {

                connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection(proxy);

            } else {

                connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();

            }

            /* 3. 设置请求参数（过期时间，输入、输出流、访问方式），以流的形式进行连接 */

            // 设置是否向HttpURLConnection输出

            connection.setDoOutput(false);

            // 设置是否从httpUrlConnection读入

            connection.setDoInput(true);

            // 设置请求方式

            connection.setRequestMethod("GET");

            // 设置是否使用缓存

            connection.setUseCaches(true);

            // 设置此 HttpURLConnection 实例是否应该自动执行 HTTP 重定向

            connection.setInstanceFollowRedirects(redirect);

            // 设置超时时间

            connection.setConnectTimeout(3000);

            if (headers != null) {

                Set<Entry<String, String>> entrySet = headers.entrySet();

                for (Entry<String, String> entry : entrySet) {

                    connection.setRequestProperty(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());

                }

            }

            // 连接

            connection.connect();

            int responseCode = connection.getResponseCode();

            result.setResponseCode(responseCode);

            String responseMessage = connection.getResponseMessage();

            result.setResponseMessage(responseMessage);

            List<String> cookies = connection.getHeaderFields().get(KEY_HEADER_COOKIE);

            if (cookies != null&&cookies.size()>0) {

                StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();

                for (String string : cookies) {

                    sb.append(string).append(";");

                }

                result.setCookies(sb.toString());

            }

            InputStream inputStream = connection.getInputStream();

            StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();

            // 定义 BufferedReader输入流来读取URL的响应

            BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream, "UTF-8"));

            String getLine;

            while ((getLine = in.readLine()) != null) {

               sb.append(getLine);

            }

            result.setResponseBody(sb.toString());

            inputStream.close();

            in.close();

            connection.disconnect();

        } catch (MalformedURLException e) {

            e.printStackTrace();

        } catch (IOException e) {

            e.printStackTrace();

        }

        return result;

    }

    public static ResponseResult doPost(String path, Map<String, String> headers, boolean redirect,Proxy proxy,String param){

        ResponseResult result = new ResponseResult();

        HttpURLConnection connection = null;

        try {

            // 1. 得到访问地址的URL

            URL url = new URL(new String(path.getBytes(), "UTF-8"));

            // 2. 得到网络访问对象java.net.HttpURLConnection

            if (proxy != null) {

                connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection(proxy);

            } else {

                connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();

            }

            /* 3. 设置请求参数等 */

            // 请求方式

            connection.setRequestMethod("POST");

            // 超时时间

            connection.setConnectTimeout(3000);

            // 设置是否输出

            connection.setDoOutput(true);

            // 设置是否读入

            connection.setDoInput(true);

            // 设置是否使用缓存

            connection.setUseCaches(false);

            // 设置此 HttpURLConnection 实例是否应该自动执行 HTTP 重定向

            connection.setInstanceFollowRedirects(redirect);

            // 设置使用标准编码格式编码参数的名-值对

            connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded");

            if (headers != null) {

                Set<Entry<String, String>> entrySet = headers.entrySet();

                for (Entry<String, String> entry : entrySet) {

                    connection.setRequestProperty(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());

                }

            }

            // 连接

            connection.connect();

            /* 4. 处理输入输出 */

            // 写入参数到请求中

            BufferedWriter writer = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(connection.getOutputStream(), "UTF-8"));

            writer.write(new String(param.getBytes(), "UTF-8"));

            writer.flush();

            writer.close();

            int responseCode = connection.getResponseCode();

            result.setResponseCode(responseCode);

            String responseMessage = connection.getResponseMessage();

            result.setResponseMessage(responseMessage);

            List<String> cookies = connection.getHeaderFields().get(KEY_HEADER_COOKIE);

            if (cookies != null&&cookies.size()>0) {

                StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();

                for (String string : cookies) {

                    sb.append(string).append(";");

                }

                result.setCookies(sb.toString());

            }

            InputStream inputStream = connection.getInputStream();

            StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();

            // 定义 BufferedReader输入流来读取URL的响应

            BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream, "UTF-8"));

            String getLine;

            while ((getLine = in.readLine()) != null) {

               sb.append(getLine);

            }

            result.setResponseBody(sb.toString());

            inputStream.close();

            in.close();

            connection.disconnect();

        } catch (MalformedURLException e) {

            e.printStackTrace();

        } catch (ProtocolException e) {

            e.printStackTrace();

        } catch (IOException e) {

            e.printStackTrace();

        }

        return result;

    }

    public static ResponseResult doPut(String path, Map<String, String> headers, boolean redirect,Proxy proxy,String param){

        ResponseResult result = new ResponseResult();

        HttpURLConnection connection = null;

        try {

            // 1. 得到访问地址的URL

            URL url = new URL(new String(path.getBytes(), "UTF-8"));

            // 2. 得到网络访问对象java.net.HttpURLConnection

            if (proxy != null) {

                connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection(proxy);

            } else {

                connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();

            }

            /* 3. 设置请求参数等 */

            // 请求方式

            connection.setRequestMethod("PUT");

            // 超时时间

            connection.setConnectTimeout(3000);

            // 设置是否输出

            connection.setDoOutput(true);

            // 设置是否读入

            connection.setDoInput(true);

            // 设置是否使用缓存

            connection.setUseCaches(false);

            // 设置此 HttpURLConnection 实例是否应该自动执行 HTTP 重定向

            connection.setInstanceFollowRedirects(redirect);

            // 设置使用标准编码格式编码参数的名-值对

            connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded");

            if (headers != null) {

                Set<Entry<String, String>> entrySet = headers.entrySet();

                for (Entry<String, String> entry : entrySet) {

                    connection.setRequestProperty(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());

                }

            }

            // 连接

            connection.connect();

            /* 4. 处理输入输出 */

            // 写入参数到请求中

            BufferedWriter writer = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(connection.getOutputStream(), "UTF-8"));

            writer.write(new String(param.getBytes(), "UTF-8"));

            writer.flush();

            writer.close();

            int responseCode = connection.getResponseCode();

            result.setResponseCode(responseCode);

            String responseMessage = connection.getResponseMessage();

            result.setResponseMessage(responseMessage);

            List<String> cookies = connection.getHeaderFields().get(KEY_HEADER_COOKIE);

            if (cookies != null&&cookies.size()>0) {

                StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();

                for (String string : cookies) {

                    sb.append(string).append(";");

                }

                result.setCookies(sb.toString());

            }

            InputStream inputStream = connection.getInputStream();

            StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();

            // 定义 BufferedReader输入流来读取URL的响应

            BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream, "UTF-8"));

            String getLine;

            while ((getLine = in.readLine()) != null) {

               sb.append(getLine);

            }

            result.setResponseBody(sb.toString());

            inputStream.close();

            in.close();

            connection.disconnect();

        } catch (MalformedURLException e) {

            e.printStackTrace();

        } catch (ProtocolException e) {

            e.printStackTrace();

        } catch (IOException e) {

            e.printStackTrace();

        }

        return result;

    }

    public static ResponseResult doDelete(String path, Map<String, String> headers, boolean redirect,Proxy proxy) {

        HttpURLConnection connection = null;

        ResponseResult result = new ResponseResult();

        try {

            // 1. 得到访问地址的URL

            URL url = new URL(new String(path.getBytes(), "UTF-8"));

            // 2. 得到网络访问对象java.net.HttpURLConnection

            if (proxy != null) {

                connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection(proxy);

            } else {

                connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();

            }

            /* 3. 设置请求参数（过期时间，输入、输出流、访问方式），以流的形式进行连接 */

            // 设置是否向HttpURLConnection输出

            connection.setDoOutput(false);

            // 设置是否从httpUrlConnection读入

            connection.setDoInput(true);

            // 设置请求方式

            connection.setRequestMethod("DELETE");

            // 设置是否使用缓存

            connection.setUseCaches(true);

            // 设置此 HttpURLConnection 实例是否应该自动执行 HTTP 重定向

            connection.setInstanceFollowRedirects(redirect);

            // 设置超时时间

            connection.setConnectTimeout(3000);

            if (headers != null) {

                Set<Entry<String, String>> entrySet = headers.entrySet();

                for (Entry<String, String> entry : entrySet) {

                    connection.setRequestProperty(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());

                }

            }

            // 连接

            connection.connect();

            int responseCode = connection.getResponseCode();

            result.setResponseCode(responseCode);

            String responseMessage = connection.getResponseMessage();

            result.setResponseMessage(responseMessage);

            List<String> cookies = connection.getHeaderFields().get(KEY_HEADER_COOKIE);

            if (cookies != null&&cookies.size()>0) {

                StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();

                for (String string : cookies) {

                    sb.append(string).append(";");

                }

                result.setCookies(sb.toString());

            }

            InputStream inputStream = connection.getInputStream();

            StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();

            // 定义 BufferedReader输入流来读取URL的响应

            BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream, "UTF-8"));

            String getLine;

            while ((getLine = in.readLine()) != null) {

               sb.append(getLine);

            }

            result.setResponseBody(sb.toString());

            inputStream.close();

            in.close();

            connection.disconnect();

        } catch (MalformedURLException e) {

            e.printStackTrace();

        } catch (IOException e) {

            e.printStackTrace();

        }

        return result;

    }

}

class ResponseResult{

    private Integer responseCode;

    private String responseMessage;

    private String responseBody;

    private String cookies;

    public Integer getResponseCode() {

        return responseCode;

    }

    public void setResponseCode(Integer responseCode) {

        this.responseCode = responseCode;

    }

    public String getResponseMessage() {

        return responseMessage;

    }

    public void setResponseMessage(String responseMessage) {

        this.responseMessage = responseMessage;

    }

    public String getResponseBody() {

        return responseBody;

    }

    public void setResponseBody(String responseBody) {

        this.responseBody = responseBody;

    }

    public String getCookies() {

        return cookies;

    }

    public void setCookies(String cookies) {

        this.cookies = cookies;

    }

}

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HttpURLConnection 中Cookie 使用

方式一:

Cookie实现机制

代码示例

方式一:

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