C# 获取并判断操作系统版本，解决Win10、 Windows Server 2012 R2 读取失败的方案
Windows 8.1， Win10之后，通过GetVersion and GetVersionEx 方法获取WIndows操作系统版本号的功能需要添加manifest文件后才能查找到，不然的话会查找错误，比如win10系统返给一个win8系统等。
具体的做法就是在项目文件里添加一个<***.exe>.manifest文件，文件的命名规则必须是exe文件的全名+.manifest.
这里直接上C#的代码了，C++代码相似，将在另外一篇文章里讲述:http://www.cnblogs.com/zhengshuangliang/p/5258504.html
微软技术文档参考网址：https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms724834(v=vs.85).aspx
/*
* Copyright (c) 2008, TopCoder, Inc. All rights reserved.
*/ using System;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.IO; namespace TopCoder.Installation.Util.Prerequisite.Impl
{
/// <summary>
/// <para>
/// This utility is used by <see cref="PrerequisiteSoftwareValidation"/> to detect the Microsoft Windows
/// version currently running on the machine.
/// </para>
/// <para>
/// This class uses Win API function GetVersionEx() from kernel32 library to retrieve additional parameters
/// about the installed Windows version.
/// </para>
/// </summary>
///
/// <threadsafety>
/// <para>
/// This class is immutable and thread safe.
/// </para>
/// </threadsafety>
///
/// <author>saarixx</author>
/// <author>TCSDEVELOPER</author>
/// <version>1.0</version>
/// <copyright>Copyright (c) 2008, TopCoder, Inc. All rights reserved.</copyright>
public static class WindowsVersionDetector
{
/// <summary>
/// <para>
/// Represents Windows 95.
/// </para>
/// </summary>
private const string Windows95 = "Windows 95"; /// <summary>
/// <para>
/// Represents Windows 98.
/// </para>
/// </summary>
private const string Windows98 = "Windows 98"; /// <summary>
/// <para>
/// Represents Windows ME.
/// </para>
/// </summary>
private const string WindowsME = "Windows ME"; /// <summary>
/// <para>
/// Represents Windows Vista.
/// </para>
/// </summary>
private const string WindowsVista = "Windows Vista"; /// <summary>
/// <para>
/// Represents Windows Server 2008.
/// </para>
/// </summary>
private const string WindowsServer2008 = "Windows Server 2008";
private const string WindowsServer2008R2 = "Windows Server 2008 R2"; /// <summary>
/// Represents windows 10, windows server 2016 technical preview
/// </summary>
private const string Windows10 = "Windows 10";
private const string WindowsServer2016TP = "Windows Server 2016 Technical Preview"; #region Represents Windows8,8.1,server 2012,server 2012 R2 #CJF 11/06/2013
/// <summary>
/// Represents windows 8,8.1
/// </summary>
private const string Windows8 = "Windows 8";
private const string Windows8_1 = "Windows 8.1"; /// <summary>
/// Represents windows server 2012
/// </summary>
private const string WindowsServer2012 = "Windows Server 2012";
private const string WindowsServer2012R2 = "Windows Server 2012 R2";
#endregion /// <summary>
/// <para>
/// Represents Windows 7.
/// </para>
/// </summary>
private const string Windows7 = "Windows 7"; /// <summary>
/// <para>
/// Represents Windows Server 2003, Storage.
/// </para>
/// </summary>
private const string WindowsServer2003Storage = "Windows Server 2003, Storage"; /// <summary>
/// <para>
/// Represents Windows Server 2003, Compute Cluster Edition.
/// </para>
/// </summary>
private const string WindowsServer2003ComputeClusterEdition = "Windows Server 2003, Compute Cluster Edition"; /// <summary>
/// <para>
/// Represents Windows Server 2003, Datacenter Edition.
/// </para>
/// </summary>
private const string WindowsServer2003DatacenterEdition = "Windows Server 2003, Datacenter Edition"; /// <summary>
/// <para>
/// Represents Windows Server 2003, Enterprise Edition.
/// </para>
/// </summary>
private const string WindowsServer2003EnterpriseEdition = "Windows Server 2003, Enterprise Edition"; /// <summary>
/// <para>
/// Represents Windows Server 2003, Web Edition.
/// </para>
/// </summary>
private const string WindowsServer2003WebEdition = "Windows Server 2003, Web Edition"; /// <summary>
/// <para>
/// Represents Windows Server 2003, Standard Edition.
/// </para>
/// </summary>
private const string WindowsServer2003StandardEdition = "Windows Server 2003, Standard Edition"; /// <summary>
/// <para>
/// Represents Windows XP Home Edition.
/// </para>
/// </summary>
private const string WindowsXPHomeEdition = "Windows XP Home Edition"; /// <summary>
/// <para>
/// Represents Windows XP Professional.
/// </para>
/// </summary>
private const string WindowsXPProfessional = "Windows XP Professional"; /// <summary>
/// <para>
/// Represents Windows 2000 Professional.
/// </para>
/// </summary>
private const string Windows2000Professional = "Windows 2000 Professional"; /// <summary>
/// <para>
/// Represents Windows 2000 Datacenter Server.
/// </para>
/// </summary>
private const string Windows2000DatacenterServer = "Windows 2000 Datacenter Server"; /// <summary>
/// <para>
/// Represents Windows 2000 Advanced Server.
/// </para>
/// </summary>
private const string Windows2000AdvancedServer = "Windows 2000 Advanced Server"; /// <summary>
/// <para>
/// Represents Windows 2000 Server.
/// </para>
/// </summary>
private const string Windows2000Server = "Windows 2000 Server"; /// <summary>
/// <para>
/// Represents Windows NT 4.0.
/// </para>
/// </summary>
private const string WindowsNT40 = "Windows NT 4.0"; /// <summary>
/// <para>
/// Represents Windows CE.
/// </para>
/// </summary>
private const string WindowsCE = "Windows CE"; /// <summary>
/// <para>
/// Represents Unknown.
/// </para>
/// </summary>
private const string Unknown = "Unknown"; /// <summary>
/// <para>
/// Represents VER_NT_WORKSTATION from kernel32 library.
/// </para>
/// </summary>
private const byte VER_NT_WORKSTATION = 0x01; /// <summary>
/// <para>
/// Represents VER_SUITE_ENTERPRISE from kernel32 library.
/// </para>
/// </summary>
private const short VER_SUITE_ENTERPRISE = 0x0002; /// <summary>
/// <para>
/// Represents VER_SUITE_DATACENTER from kernel32 library.
/// </para>
/// </summary>
private const short VER_SUITE_DATACENTER = 0x0080; /// <summary>
/// <para>
/// Represents VER_SUITE_PERSONAL from kernel32 library.
/// </para>
/// </summary>
private const short VER_SUITE_PERSONAL = 0x0200; /// <summary>
/// <para>
/// Represents VER_SUITE_BLADE from kernel32 library.
/// </para>
/// </summary>
private const short VER_SUITE_BLADE = 0x0400; /// <summary>
/// <para>
/// Represents VER_SUITE_STORAGE_SERVER from kernel32 library.
/// </para>
/// </summary>
private const short VER_SUITE_STORAGE_SERVER = 0x2000; /// <summary>
/// <para>
/// Represents VER_SUITE_COMPUTE_SERVER from kernel32 library.
/// </para>
/// </summary>
private const short VER_SUITE_COMPUTE_SERVER = 0x4000; /// <summary>
/// <para>
/// Contains operating system version information. The information includes major and minor version
/// numbers, a build number, a platform identifier, and information about product suites and the
/// latest Service Pack installed on the system.
/// </para>
/// </summary>
///
/// <remarks>
/// <para>
/// Please refer to WIN API document for more detailed information.
/// </para>
/// </remarks>
///
/// <author>saarixx</author>
/// <author>TCSDEVELOPER</author>
/// <version>1.0</version>
/// <copyright>Copyright (c) 2008, TopCoder, Inc. All rights reserved.</copyright>
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
private struct OSVersionInfoEx
{
/// <summary>
/// <para>
/// The size of this data structure, in bytes.
/// </para>
/// </summary>
public int dwOSVersionInfoSize; /// <summary>
/// <para>
/// The major version number of the operating system.
/// </para>
/// </summary>
public int dwMajorVersion; /// <summary>
/// <para>
/// The minor version number of the operating system.
/// </para>
/// </summary>
public int dwMinorVersion; /// <summary>
/// <para>
/// The build number of the operating system.
/// </para>
/// </summary>
public int dwBuildNumber; /// <summary>
/// <para>
/// The operating system platform.
/// </para>
/// </summary>
public int dwPlatformId; /// <summary>
/// <para>
/// A null-terminated string, such as "Service Pack 3", that indicates the latest Service Pack
/// installed on the system. If no Service Pack has been installed, the string is empty.
/// </para>
/// </summary>
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = )]
public string szCSDVersion; /// <summary>
/// <para>
/// The major version number of the latest Service Pack installed on the system. For example,
/// for Service Pack 3, the major version number is 3. If no Service Pack has been installed, the
/// value is zero.
/// </para>
/// </summary>
public short wServicePackMajor; /// <summary>
/// <para>
/// The minor version number of the latest Service Pack installed on the system. For example,
/// for Service Pack 3, the minor version number is 0.
/// </para>
/// </summary>
public short wServicePackMinor; /// <summary>
/// <para>
/// A bit mask that identifies the product suites available on the system.
/// </para>
/// </summary>
public short wSuiteMask; /// <summary>
/// <para>
/// Any additional information about the system.
/// </para>
/// </summary>
public byte wProductType; /// <summary>
/// <para>
/// Reserved for future use.
/// </para>
/// </summary>
public byte wReserved;
} /// <summary>
/// <para>
/// Retrieves information about the current operating system.
/// </para>
/// </summary>
///
/// <remarks>
/// <para>
/// Please refer to WIN API document for more detailed information.
/// </para>
/// </remarks>
///
/// <param name="osVersionInfoEx">
/// A structure that receives the operating system information.
/// </param>
/// <returns>
/// If the function succeeds, the return value is a nonzero value. If the function fails, the
/// return value is zero.
/// </returns>
[DllImport("kernel32.Dll")]
private static extern short GetVersionEx(ref OSVersionInfoEx osVersionInfoEx); /// <summary>
/// <para>
/// Retrieves the Windows version name.
/// </para>
/// <para>
/// Currently the result can be one of:
/// <list type="bullet">
/// <item>Windows 95</item>
/// <item>Windows 98</item>
/// <item>Windows ME</item>
/// <item>Windows Vista</item>
/// <item>Windows Server 2008</item>
/// <item>Windows 7</item>
/// <item>Windows Server 2003, Storage</item>
/// <item>Windows Server 2003, Compute Cluster Edition</item>
/// <item>Windows Server 2003, Datacenter Edition</item>
/// <item>Windows Server 2003, Enterprise Edition</item>
/// <item>Windows Server 2003, Web Edition</item>
/// <item>Windows Server 2003, Standard Edition</item>
/// <item>Windows XP Home Edition</item>
/// <item>Windows XP Professional</item>
/// <item>Windows 2000 Professional</item>
/// <item>Windows 2000 Datacenter Server</item>
/// <item>Windows 2000 Advanced Server</item>
/// <item>Windows 2000 Server</item>
/// <item>Windows NT 4.0</item>
/// <item>Windows CE</item>
/// <item>Unknown</item>
/// </list>
/// </para>
/// </summary>
///
/// <returns>
/// The Windows version name (e.g. "Windows Vista"), can not be null or empty.
/// </returns>
///
/// <exception cref="PrerequisiteSoftwareValidationException">
/// If an error occurred while getting the version.
/// </exception>
public static string GetVersion()
{
try
{
// Get platform
PlatformID platform = Environment.OSVersion.Platform; // Get Windows major version
int majorVersion = Environment.OSVersion.Version.Major; // Get Windows minor version
int minorVersion = Environment.OSVersion.Version.Minor; // Get OS Version Info
OSVersionInfoEx os = new OSVersionInfoEx(); if (platform == PlatformID.Win32NT)
{
os.dwOSVersionInfoSize = Marshal.SizeOf(os); // Call GetVersionEx
if (GetVersionEx(ref os) == )
{
throw new PrerequisiteSoftwareValidationException("GetVersionEx API failed.");
}
} // Default is Unknown
string versionName = Unknown; // Handle Win95, 98, ME
if ((platform == PlatformID.Win32Windows) && (majorVersion == ))
{
switch (minorVersion)
{
case :
versionName = Windows95;
break;
case :
versionName = Windows98;
break;
case :
versionName = WindowsME;
break;
}
}
else if (platform == PlatformID.Win32NT)
{
switch (majorVersion)
{
//Handle Windows 10,
//add below support Win10 info to IPSClient.exe->IPS.manifest
//http://www.itdadao.com/article/227158/
//https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dn481241(v=vs.85).aspx
//<supportedOS Id="{8e0f7a12-bfb3-4fe8-b9a5-48fd50a15a9a}"/>
case :
if (minorVersion == )
{
if (os.wProductType == VER_NT_WORKSTATION)
{
versionName = Windows10;
}
else
{
versionName = WindowsServer2016TP;
}
}
break; // Handle Vista, Win2008,Windows 7,Windows 8/8.1, windows server 2012/2012R2
//https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms724832(v=vs.85).aspx case :
#region Handle Windows8, 8.1, server 2012, server 2012 R2 #CJF 11/06/2013
if (minorVersion == )
{
if (os.wProductType == VER_NT_WORKSTATION)
{
versionName = Windows8;
}
else
{
versionName = WindowsServer2012;
}
} if (minorVersion == )
{
if (os.wProductType == VER_NT_WORKSTATION)
{
versionName = Windows8_1;
}
else
{
versionName = WindowsServer2012R2;
}
}
#endregion if (minorVersion == )
{ // Windows 7 or windows Server 2008 R2 if (os.wProductType == VER_NT_WORKSTATION)
{
versionName = Windows7;
}
else
{
versionName = WindowsServer2008R2;
}
}
else
if (minorVersion == )
{ // Vista or windows server 2008
if (os.wProductType == VER_NT_WORKSTATION)
{
versionName = WindowsVista;
}
else
{
versionName = WindowsServer2008;
}
} break;
// Handle Win2003, XP, Win2000
case :
switch (minorVersion)
{
case :
if ((os.wSuiteMask & VER_SUITE_STORAGE_SERVER) == VER_SUITE_STORAGE_SERVER)
{
versionName = WindowsServer2003Storage;
}
else if ((os.wSuiteMask & VER_SUITE_COMPUTE_SERVER) == VER_SUITE_COMPUTE_SERVER)
{
versionName = WindowsServer2003ComputeClusterEdition;
}
else if ((os.wSuiteMask & VER_SUITE_DATACENTER) == VER_SUITE_DATACENTER)
{
versionName = WindowsServer2003DatacenterEdition;
}
else if ((os.wSuiteMask & VER_SUITE_ENTERPRISE) == VER_SUITE_ENTERPRISE)
{
versionName = WindowsServer2003EnterpriseEdition;
}
else if ((os.wSuiteMask & VER_SUITE_BLADE) == VER_SUITE_BLADE)
{
versionName = WindowsServer2003WebEdition;
}
else
{
versionName = WindowsServer2003StandardEdition;
}
break;
case :
if ((os.wSuiteMask & VER_SUITE_PERSONAL) == VER_SUITE_PERSONAL)
{
versionName = WindowsXPHomeEdition;
}
else
{
versionName = WindowsXPProfessional;
}
break;
case :
if ((os.wProductType & VER_NT_WORKSTATION) == VER_NT_WORKSTATION)
{
versionName = Windows2000Professional;
}
else if ((os.wSuiteMask & VER_SUITE_DATACENTER) == VER_SUITE_DATACENTER)
{
versionName = Windows2000DatacenterServer;
}
else if ((os.wSuiteMask & VER_SUITE_ENTERPRISE) == VER_SUITE_ENTERPRISE)
{
versionName = Windows2000AdvancedServer;
}
else
{
versionName = Windows2000Server;
}
break;
}
break;
// Handle WinNT
case :
if (majorVersion == )
{
versionName = WindowsNT40;
}
break;
}
}
// Handle WinCE
else if (platform == PlatformID.WinCE)
{
versionName = WindowsCE;
} return versionName;
}
catch(PrerequisiteSoftwareValidationException)
{
throw;
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
// Wrap the exception into PrerequisiteSoftwareValidationException
throw new PrerequisiteSoftwareValidationException(
"An error occurred while getting the version.", ex);
}
} /// <summary>
/// <para>
/// Retrieves the Windows service pack.
/// </para>
/// </summary>
///
/// <returns>
/// The Windows service pack (can not be null, empty if no service packs are installed)
/// </returns>
///
/// <exception cref="PrerequisiteSoftwareValidationException">
/// If an error occurred while getting the version of the service pack.
/// </exception>
public static string GetServicePack()
{
try
{
return Environment.OSVersion.ServicePack;
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
// Wrap the exception into PrerequisiteSoftwareValidationException
throw new PrerequisiteSoftwareValidationException(
"An error occurred while getting the version of the service pack.", ex);
}
}
}
}
Manifest 文件：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
<assembly xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1" manifestVersion="1.0">
<trustInfo xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v3">
<security>
<requestedPrivileges>
<requestedExecutionLevel level="requireAdministrator"/>
</requestedPrivileges>
</security>
</trustInfo>
<compatibility xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:compatibility.v1">
<application>
<!-- Windows 10
http://www.itdadao.com/article/227158/
https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dn481241(v=vs.85).aspx
-->
<supportedOS Id="{8e0f7a12-bfb3-4fe8-b9a5-48fd50a15a9a}"/>
<!--This Id value indicates the application supports Windows 8.1 functionality-->
<supportedOS Id="{1f676c76-80e1-4239-95bb-83d0f6d0da78}"/>
<!-- Windows Vista -->
<supportedOS Id="{e2011457-1546-43c5-a5fe-008deee3d3f0}"/>
<!-- Windows 7 -->
<supportedOS Id="{35138b9a-5d96-4fbd-8e2d-a2440225f93a}"/>
<!-- Windows 8 -->
<supportedOS Id="{4a2f28e3-53b9-4441-ba9c-d69d4a4a6e38}"/>
</application>
</compatibility>
<assemblyIdentity type="win32"
name="SampleCode.GetWindowsVersionInfo"
version="1.0.0.0"
processorArchitecture="x86"
publicKeyToken="0000000000000000"
/>
</assembly>
VS项目截取：
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