cookie与sessionID之间的关系实验

上一篇介绍了cookie，这里来看看cookie与sessionID之间有什么关系。

一、编写测试用例代码

新建一个servlet如下：

public class SessionServlet extends HttpServlet {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
 
    /**
     * @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()
     */
    public SessionServlet() {
        super();
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }
 
    /**
     * @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
     */
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
　　　　　System.out.println("----->进入doget方法......");
        HttpSession session=request.getSession();
        System.out.println("sessionId:---->"+session.getId());
 
        //获得请求中的cookie
        Cookie[] cs=request.getCookies();
        if(cs!=null){//有cookie，并且又指定的cookie
            System.out.println("cookie长度："+cs.length);
            for(Cookie co:cs){
                System.out.println(co.getName()+"；"+co.getValue());
            }
        }else{
            System.out.println("没有cookie");
        }
        Cookie visitCookie=new Cookie("visitCookie","yes");
        visitCookie.setMaxAge(60*60);//设置cookie失效时间
        response.addCookie(visitCookie);
        PrintWriter out=response.getWriter();
        out.print("<html><body><h1>sessionId:"+session.getId()+"</h1></body></html>");
    }
 
    /**
     * @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
     */
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doGet(request, response);
    }
 
}

二、开始测试

1.使用火狐浏览器打开连接

第 1 次打开链接，请求头响应头如下：

【响应头】：

Connection

Content-Language	zh-CN
Content-Length	318
Content-Type	text/html;charset=ISO-8859-1
Date	Tue, 26 Feb 2019 03:11:49 GMT
Set-Cookie	JSESSIONID=1D8268B571F492DDE6DA2A4D5B6BC2E3;path=/;HttpOnly

【请求头】

text/html,application/xhtml+xm…plication/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8

Accept-Encoding	gzip, deflate
Accept-Language	zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,zh-TW;q=0.7,zh-HK;q=0.5,en-US;q=0.3,en;q=0.2
Connection	keep-alive
Host	localhost:8899
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests	1
User-Agent	Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; …) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/56.0

【控制台输出】：

sessionId : 1D8268B571F492DDE6DA2A4D5B6BC2E3

jsessionId:

第 2 次打开连接（刷新页面）

【响应头】

Content-Length

Content-Type	text/html;charset=UTF-8
Date	Tue, 26 Feb 2019 03:15:02 GMT

【请求头】

text/html,application/xhtml+xm…plication/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8

Accept-Encoding	gzip, deflate
Accept-Language	zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,zh-TW;q=0.7,zh-HK;q=0.5,en-US;q=0.3,en;q=0.2
Cache-Control	max-age=0
Connection	keep-alive
Cookie	JSESSIONID=1D8268B571F492DDE6DA2A4D5B6BC2E3
Host	localhost:8899
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests	1
User-Agent	Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; …) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/56.0

【控制台输出】

sessionId: 1D8268B571F492DDE6DA2A4D5B6BC2E3

jsessionId: 1D8268B571F492DDE6DA2A4D5B6BC2E3

第三次打开连接（再次刷新页面）

于第二次一致

结论：

首次访问时：服务器创建 session，并告诉客户端设置cookie来存储sessionId ,即如下响应头：

Set-Cookie

JSESSIONID=1D8268B571F492DDE6DA2A4D5B6BC2E3;path=/;HttpOnly

再次访问时：客户端携带此存有此 sessionId （cookie中为jsessionId）的cookie给服务器。【告诉服务器，我就是刚才那个人】

2. 关闭浏览器看看 session 会如何变化

第一次访问，响应头

Set-Cookie

JSESSIONID=927B67009E1E4439F8857074B867AF3A;path=/;HttpOnly

sessionId : 927B67009E1E4439F8857074B867AF3A

jsessionId :

再次刷新：

sessionId: 927B67009E1E4439F8857074B867AF3A

jsessionId: 927B67009E1E4439F8857074B867AF3A

结论：关闭浏览器之后，重新打开页面，会开启新的session

3.禁用浏览器cookie，访问四次如下：

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" alt="" />

禁用cookie之后，每次sessionID都不一样

所以，当客户端禁用cookie之后，便不好跟踪用户了。这时可使用response.encodeURL

servlet中response.sendRedirect(response.encodeRedirectURL("2.jsp"));

jsp中：<a href="<%=response.encodeURL("http://localhost:6060/xxx/xxxServlet")%>">111</a>

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