VirtualBox下扩容vdi文件

VirtualBox下扩容vdi文件

版本：VirtualBox 5.0.14

之前VirtualBox创建的虚拟机的vdi文件过小，无法满足新的实验需求，扩容vdi文件的方法如下：

比如我这里将RHEL6_Primary12cRAC2.vdi文件扩容到60000M大小，方法如下：

VBoxManage modifyhd E:\Vbox\Primary12cRAC2\RHEL6_Primary12cRAC2.vdi --resize 60000

实际执行过程：

c:\Program Files\Oracle\VirtualBox>VBoxManage modifyhd E:\Vbox\Primary12cRAC2\RH
EL6_Primary12cRAC2.vdi --resize 60000
0%...10%...20%...30%...40%...50%...60%...70%...80%...90%...100%

至此虚拟机层面的操作就算完成了。

但是这个时候启动虚拟机会发现大小没有变化：

[root@jydb2 ~]# df -h
Filesystem                        Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg_linuxbase-lv_root   28G  2.0G   24G   8% /
tmpfs                             3.9G     0  3.9G   0% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1                         485M   39M  421M   9% /boot

实际上这是因为我这里的环境使用的lvm，而对应的根分区使用的是磁盘的一个分区，而扩容的vdi对应的是/dev/sda磁盘,下面继续来看详细情况：

[root@jydb2 ~]# fdisk -l /dev/sda

Disk /dev/sda: 62.9 GB, 62914560000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 7648 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00047a24

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *           1          64      512000   83  Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2              64        3917    30944256   8e  Linux LVM

可以看到/dev/sda已经成功扩容，现在只需要把扩容的空间新建成一个分区：

[root@jydb2 ~]# fdisk /dev/sda

WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to
         switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to
         sectors (command 'u').

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sda: 62.9 GB, 62914560000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 7648 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00047a24

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *           1          64      512000   83  Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2              64        3917    30944256   8e  Linux LVM

Command (m for help): n
Command action
   e   extended
   p   primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 3
First cylinder (3917-7648, default 3917):
Using default value 3917
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (3917-7648, default 7648):
Using default value 7648

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sda: 62.9 GB, 62914560000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 7648 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00047a24

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *           1          64      512000   83  Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2              64        3917    30944256   8e  Linux LVM
/dev/sda3            3917        7648    29975280   83  Linux

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.
The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at
the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)
Syncing disks.
[root@jydb2 ~]# partprobe
Warning: WARNING: the kernel failed to re-read the partition table on /dev/sda (Device or resource busy).  As a result, it may not reflect all of your changes until after reboot.

新加的分区需要重启才能生效。

重启虚拟机之后就可以将新加的分区创建成pv加入到vg,最终扩容lv即可，可以分为4个步骤，具体如下:

1.创建pv

[root@jydb2 ~]# pvcreate /dev/sda3
  Physical volume "/dev/sda3" successfully created
[root@jydb2 ~]# pvs
  PV         VG           Fmt  Attr PSize  PFree
  /dev/sda2  vg_linuxbase lvm2 a--  29.51g     0
  /dev/sda3               lvm2 a--  28.59g 28.59g

2.扩容vg

[root@jydb2 ~]# vgs
  VG           #PV #LV #SN Attr   VSize  VFree
  vg_linuxbase   1   2   0 wz--n- 29.51g    0
[root@jydb2 ~]# vgextend -h
  vgextend: Add physical volumes to a volume group

vgextend
        [-A|--autobackup y|n]
        [--restoremissing]
        [-d|--debug]
        [-f|--force]
        [-h|--help]
        [-t|--test]
        [-v|--verbose]
        [--version]
        [-y|--yes]
        [ PHYSICAL DEVICE OPTIONS ]
        VolumeGroupName PhysicalDevicePath [PhysicalDevicePath...]

[root@jydb2 ~]# vgextend vg_linuxbase /dev/sda3
  Volume group "vg_linuxbase" successfully extended
[root@jydb2 ~]# vgs
  VG           #PV #LV #SN Attr   VSize  VFree
  vg_linuxbase   2   2   0 wz--n- 58.09g 28.58g

3.扩容lv

[root@jydb2 ~]# lvs
  LV      VG           Attr       LSize  Pool Origin Data%  Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
  lv_root vg_linuxbase -wi-ao---- 27.54g
  lv_swap vg_linuxbase -wi-ao----  1.97g       

[root@jydb2 ~]# vgdisplay
  --- Volume group ---
  VG Name               vg_linuxbase
  System ID
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        2
  Metadata Sequence No  5
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                2
  Open LV               2
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                2
  Act PV                2
  VG Size               58.09 GiB
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              14871
  Alloc PE / Size       7821 / 30.55 GiB
  Free  PE / Size       7050 / 27.54 GiB
  VG UUID               41Wk3c-fuD0-SKcX-RqNQ-7uIP-e2xD-1mWaUd

[root@jydb2 ~]# lvresize -l +7050 /dev/mapper/vg_linuxbase-lv_root
  Extending logical volume lv_root to 56.12 GiB
  Logical volume lv_root successfully resized
[root@jydb2 ~]# vgdisplay
  --- Volume group ---
  VG Name               vg_linuxbase
  System ID
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        2
  Metadata Sequence No  6
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                2
  Open LV               2
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                2
  Act PV                2
  VG Size               58.09 GiB
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              14871
  Alloc PE / Size       14871 / 58.09 GiB
  Free  PE / Size       0 / 0
  VG UUID               41Wk3c-fuD0-SKcX-RqNQ-7uIP-e2xD-1mWaUd

[root@jydb2 ~]# df -h
Filesystem                        Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg_linuxbase-lv_root   29G  2.0G   25G   8% /
tmpfs                             3.9G     0  3.9G   0% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1                         485M   39M  421M   9% /boot

4.resize2fs lv

[root@jydb2 ~]# resize2fs  /dev/mapper/vg_linuxbase-lv_root
resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Filesystem at /dev/mapper/vg_linuxbase-lv_root is mounted on /; on-line resizing required
old desc_blocks = 2, new_desc_blocks = 4
Performing an on-line resize of /dev/mapper/vg_linuxbase-lv_root to 14711808 (4k) blocks.
The filesystem on /dev/mapper/vg_linuxbase-lv_root is now 14711808 blocks long.

[root@jydb2 ~]# df -h
Filesystem                        Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg_linuxbase-lv_root   56G  2.0G   51G   4% /
tmpfs                             3.9G     0  3.9G   0% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1                         485M   39M  421M   9% /boot

至此，已成功扩容了该虚拟机的系统根目录。