fabric网络环境启动过程详解

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原文链接:Fabric1.0 交易流程

这篇文章对fabric的网络环境启动过程进行讲解,也就是我们上节讲到的启动测试fabric网络环境时运行network_setup.sh这个文件的执行流程

fabric网络环境启动过程详解

上一节我们讲到 fabric网络环境的启动测试，主要是使用 ./network_setup.sh up 这个命令，所以fabric网络环境启动的重点就在network_setup.sh这个文件中。接下来我们就分析一下network_setup.sh这个文件

network_setup.sh其中包括两个部分，一个是利用generateArtifacts.sh脚本文件配置组织关系和颁发证书、公/私钥、通道证书等，另一个是docker-compose-cli.yaml用于根据配置启动集群并测试chaincode的示例代码。下面是具体的流程图介绍：

![在这里插入图片描述](https://learnblockchain.cn/images/startup _process.png)

首先看下generateArtifacts.sh脚本文件，它包含三个函数，分别是：

1.generateCerts：

该函数使用cryptogen工具根据crypto-config.yaml来生成公私钥和证书信息等。

2.replacePrivateKey：

将docker-compose-e2e-template.yaml文档中的ca私钥替换成具体的私钥。

3.generateChannelArtifacts：

使用configtxgen工具根据configtx.yaml文件来生成创世区块和通道相关信息，更新锚节点。

接着是docker-compose-cli.yaml文件

docker-compose-cli.yaml文件根据组织关系启动docker集群，并在cli容器中执行command命令运行./scripts/script.sh脚本文件。那./scripts/script.sh脚本具体做了什么呢？

1.createChannel：创建channel。

2. joinChannel：将每个peer节点加入channel。

3. updateAnchorPeers：更新锚节点

4.  installChaincode：部署chaincode。

5. instantiateChaincode：初始化chaincode。

6. chaincodeQuery：chaincode查询

另外docker-compose-cli.yaml这个文件还有一个配置项是需要注意的地方，那就是：

file:  base/docker-compose-base.yaml

这里的docker-compose-base.yaml其实就是Orderer和peer的基础配置文件，包括指定端口等。

几个重要的配置文件

1.crypto-config.yaml

基于crypto-config.yaml（此文件在../fabric/examples/e2e_cli中）生成公、私钥和证书信息，并保存在crypto-config文件夹中。另外crypto-config.yaml还定义了组织成员以及组织下的peer节点个数。

crypto-config.yaml文件讲解：

字段Name和Domain就是关于这个组织的名字和域名，这主要是用于生成证书的时候，证书内会包含该信息。而Template.Count=2是说我们要生成2套公私钥和证书，一套是peer0.org1的，还有一套是peer1.org1的（也就指定了org中存在peer0和peer1两个节点）。最后Users.Count=1是说每个Template下面会有几个普通User（注意，Admin是Admin，不包含在这个计数中），这里配置了1，也就是说我们只需要一个普通用户User1@org1.example.com 我们可以根据实际需要调整这个配置文件，增删Org Users等。文件内容如下：

  # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

  # Orderer

  # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

  - Name: Orderer

    Domain: example.com

    # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    # "Specs" - See PeerOrgs below for complete description

    # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Specs:

      - Hostname: orderer

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

# "PeerOrgs" - Definition of organizations managing peer nodes

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

PeerOrgs:

  # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

  # Org1

  # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

  - Name: Org1

    Domain: org1.example.com

    # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    # "Specs"

    # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    # Uncomment this section to enable the explicit definition of hosts in your

    # configuration.  Most users will want to use Template, below

    #

    # Specs is an array of Spec entries.  Each Spec entry consists of two fields:

    #   - Hostname:   (Required) The desired hostname, sans the domain.

    #   - CommonName: (Optional) Specifies the template or explicit override for

    #                 the CN.  By default, this is the template:

    #

    #                              "{{.Hostname}}.{{.Domain}}"

    #

    #                 which obtains its values from the Spec.Hostname and

    #                 Org.Domain, respectively.

    # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    # Specs:

    #   - Hostname: foo # implicitly "foo.org1.example.com"

    #     CommonName: foo27.org5.example.com # overrides Hostname-based FQDN set above

    #   - Hostname: bar

    #   - Hostname: baz

    # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    # "Template"

    # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    # Allows for the definition of 1 or more hosts that are created sequentially

    # from a template. By default, this looks like "peer%d" from 0 to Count-1.

    # You may override the number of nodes (Count), the starting index (Start)

    # or the template used to construct the name (Hostname).

    #

    # Note: Template and Specs are not mutually exclusive.  You may define both

    # sections and the aggregate nodes will be created for you.  Take care with

    # name collisions

    # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Template:

      Count: 2

      # Start: 5

      # Hostname: {{.Prefix}}{{.Index}} # default

    # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    # "Users"

    # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    # Count: The number of user accounts _in addition_ to Admin

    # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Users:

      Count: 1

  # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

  # Org2: See "Org1" for full specification

  # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

  - Name: Org2

    Domain: org2.example.com

    Template:

      Count: 2

    Users:

      Count: 1

注：

peer：

Fabric 网络中的节点，表现为一个运行着的docker容器。可以与网络中的其他peer进行通信，每个peer都在本地保留一份ledger的副本。它是org下的组织成员。

org:

一个组织，它可以由一个或多个peer组成。

Orderer :

联盟成员共享的中心化节点。用来对交易进行排序，是 Fabric 共识机制的重要组成部分。

2.configtx.yaml

基于configtx.yaml（此文件在../fabric/examples/e2e_cli中）生成创世区块和通道相关信息，并保存在channel-artifacts文件夹。还可以指定背书策略。

configtx.yaml文件讲解：

1.官方提供的examples/e2e_cli/configtx.yaml这个文件里面配置了由2个Org参与的Orderer共识配置TwoOrgsOrdererGenesis，以及由2个Org参与的Channel配置：TwoOrgsChannel。

2.另外我们可以在此文件的Orderer部分设置共识的算法是Solo还是Kafka，以及共识时区块大小，超时时间等，我们使用默认值即可，不用更改。而Peer节点的配置包含了MSP的配置，锚节点的配置。如果我们有更多的Org，或者有更多的Channel，那么就可以根据模板进行对应的修改。

3.Policies配置也要特别注意，该配置项定义了不同角色的权限,Reader,Writer以及Admin分别对应读，写，以及admin权限,读权限角色只能从别的peer节点同步账本而不能发起交易，只有writer定义项下的角色才拥有发起交易的也就是调用chaincode的invoke方法的权限(不一定都是invoke方案，只要涉及到chaincode中状态修改的方法，都只有拥有writer权限或admin权限的角色才能调用)。以该配置的Organizations配置下的Org1配置为例,"OR('Org1MSP.admin', 'Org1MSP.client')",表示org1的msp服务中的admin或者client角色拥有发起交易的权限。文件内容如下：

# Copyright IBM Corp. All Rights Reserved.

#

# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0

#

---

################################################################################

#

#   Profile

#

#   - Different configuration profiles may be encoded here to be specified

#   as parameters to the configtxgen tool

#

################################################################################

Profiles:

    TwoOrgsOrdererGenesis:

        Orderer:

            <<: *OrdererDefaults

            Organizations:

                - *OrdererOrg

        Consortiums:

            SampleConsortium:

                Organizations:

                    - *Org1

                    - *Org2

    TwoOrgsChannel:

        Consortium: SampleConsortium

        Application:

            <<: *ApplicationDefaults

            Organizations:

                - *Org1

                - *Org2

################################################################################

#

#   Section: Organizations

#

#   - This section defines the different organizational identities which will

#   be referenced later in the configuration.

#

################################################################################

Organizations:

    # SampleOrg defines an MSP using the sampleconfig.  It should never be used

    # in production but may be used as a template for other definitions

    - &OrdererOrg

        # DefaultOrg defines the organization which is used in the sampleconfig

        # of the fabric.git development environment

        Name: OrdererOrg

        # ID to load the MSP definition as

        ID: OrdererMSP

        # MSPDir is the filesystem path which contains the MSP configuration

        MSPDir: crypto-config/ordererOrganizations/example.com/msp

    - &Org1

        # DefaultOrg defines the organization which is used in the sampleconfig

        # of the fabric.git development environment

        Name: Org1MSP

        # ID to load the MSP definition as

        ID: Org1MSP

        MSPDir: crypto-config/peerOrganizations/org1.example.com/msp

        AnchorPeers:

            # AnchorPeers defines the location of peers which can be used

            # for cross org gossip communication.  Note, this value is only

            # encoded in the genesis block in the Application section context

            - Host: peer0.org1.example.com

              Port: 7051

    - &Org2

        # DefaultOrg defines the organization which is used in the sampleconfig

        # of the fabric.git development environment

        Name: Org2MSP

        # ID to load the MSP definition as

        ID: Org2MSP

        MSPDir: crypto-config/peerOrganizations/org2.example.com/msp

        AnchorPeers:

            # AnchorPeers defines the location of peers which can be used

            # for cross org gossip communication.  Note, this value is only

            # encoded in the genesis block in the Application section context

            - Host: peer0.org2.example.com

              Port: 7051

################################################################################

#

#   SECTION: Orderer

#

#   - This section defines the values to encode into a config transaction or

#   genesis block for orderer related parameters

#

################################################################################

Orderer: &OrdererDefaults

    # Orderer Type: The orderer implementation to start

    # Available types are "solo" and "kafka"

    OrdererType: solo

    Addresses:

        - orderer.example.com:7050

    # Batch Timeout: The amount of time to wait before creating a batch

    BatchTimeout: 2s

    # Batch Size: Controls the number of messages batched into a block

    BatchSize:

        # Max Message Count: The maximum number of messages to permit in a batch

        MaxMessageCount: 10

        # Absolute Max Bytes: The absolute maximum number of bytes allowed for

        # the serialized messages in a batch.

        AbsoluteMaxBytes: 98 MB

        # Preferred Max Bytes: The preferred maximum number of bytes allowed for

        # the serialized messages in a batch. A message larger than the preferred

        # max bytes will result in a batch larger than preferred max bytes.

        PreferredMaxBytes: 512 KB

    Kafka:

        # Brokers: A list of Kafka brokers to which the orderer connects

        # NOTE: Use IP:port notation

        Brokers:

            - 127.0.0.1:9092

    # Organizations is the list of orgs which are defined as participants on

    # the orderer side of the network

    Organizations:

################################################################################

#

#   SECTION: Application

#

#   - This section defines the values to encode into a config transaction or

#   genesis block for application related parameters

#

################################################################################

Application: &ApplicationDefaults

    # Organizations is the list of orgs which are defined as participants on

    # the application side of the network

    Organizations: