openstack之虚拟机管理命令
在控制节点上建hzb-openrc.sh
export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_ID=default
export OS_USER_DOMAIN_ID=default
export OS_PROJECT_NAME=hzb_tenant
export OS_TENANT_NAME=hzb_tenant
export OS_USERNAME=huzhengbo
export OS_PASSWORD=huzhengbo
export OS_AUTH_URL=http://172.16.12.7:35357/v3
export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=
source hzb-openrc.sh
以上主要是认证，使得后面创建的资源落在hzb_tenant租户上
1、创建虚拟机
1）查看一下规格
[root@cc07 ~]# nova flavor-list|grep vcpus_1
| vcpus_16_cpu_cores_8_cpu_sockets_2_ram_16384_disk_50_eph_0 | vcpus_16_cpu_cores_8_cpu_sockets_2_ram_16384_disk_50_eph_0 | | | | | | 1.0 | True |
| vcpus_16_cpu_cores_8_cpu_sockets_2_ram_32768_disk_50_eph_0 | vcpus_16_cpu_cores_8_cpu_sockets_2_ram_32768_disk_50_eph_0 | | | | | | 1.0 | True |
| vcpus_1_cpu_cores_1_cpu_sockets_1_ram_1024_disk_10_eph_0 | vcpus_1_cpu_cores_1_cpu_sockets_1_ram_1024_disk_10_eph_0 | | | | | | 1.0 | True |
| vcpus_1_cpu_cores_1_cpu_sockets_1_ram_1024_disk_1_eph_0 | vcpus_1_cpu_cores_1_cpu_sockets_1_ram_1024_disk_1_eph_0 | | | | | | 1.0 | True |
2）查看一下镜像
[root@cc07 ~]# glance image-list|grep test-boshen
| 7dbda9ff-b13f-410b-8152-2c27c6bba4b6 | test-boshen1g |
3）查看一下网络
[root@cc07 ~]# neutron net-list --tenant-id=26a8e1feb372493d831c19d4d9e28d73
+--------------------------------------+--------------+---------------------------------------------------+
| id | name | subnets |
+--------------------------------------+--------------+---------------------------------------------------+
| 0575cad8-38b0-4d0a-833c-86779f4f43bb | hzb-pub1 | |
| 2193270e-c4c9-469c-99ae-87ebdb4ba535 | hzb-privnet1 | 0ba19972-c2f6-4cbb-80f6-a642a2f698a8 10.30.0.0/ |
+--------------------------------------+--------------+---------------------------------------------------+
4）查看一下安全组
(nova-compute)[root@nc12 ~]# nova secgroup-list --all-tenant|grep hzb
| 970a4d5f-cd19-4e1e-ab22-6355044bf79b | hzb-sg- | | 17b117b7731e46d6bc0f9f34d767a61b |
| fdbffd7a-5f5e-413a-8d78-5f26bdc23c4e | hzb-sg | | 26a8e1feb372493d831c19d4d9e28d73 |
5）创建秘钥
(neutron-server)[root@cc07 /]# openstack keypair create hzb-keypaire-priv
-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----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-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
6）查看主机
[root@cc07 ~]# nova service-list
+----+------------------+-----------------------------+-----------+---------+-------+----------------------------+-----------------+
| Id | Binary | Host | Zone | Status | State | Updated_at | Disabled Reason |
+----+------------------+-----------------------------+-----------+---------+-------+----------------------------+-----------------+
| | nova-consoleauth | cc07.chinacloud.com | internal | enabled | up | --26T07::24.000000 | - |
| | nova-scheduler | cc07.chinacloud.com | internal | enabled | up | --26T07::24.000000 | - |
| | nova-conductor | cc07.chinacloud.com | internal | enabled | up | --26T07::28.000000 | - |
| | nova-compute | nc12.chinacloud.com | region- | enabled | up | --26T07::28.000000 | - |
| | nova-compute | nc09.chinacloud.com | nova | enabled | up | --26T07::26.000000 | - |
| | nova-compute | nc11.chinacloud.com | AZ_kvm | enabled | up | --26T07::24.000000 | - |
| | nova-compute | nc10.chinacloud.com | nova | enabled | up | --26T07::30.000000 | - |
| | nova-compute | cc07.chinacloud.com | bare_az | enabled | up | --26T07::27.000000 | - |
| | nova-conductor | nc09.chinacloud.com | internal | enabled | up | --26T07::28.000000 | - |
| | nova-compute | CLS1_172.16.0.9_dummydriver | nova | enabled | up | --26T07::26.000000 | - |
| | nova-compute | CLS1_172.16.0.9_driver | vmvare- | enabled | up | --26T07::24.000000 | - |
| | nova-compute | compute.chinacloud.com | nova | enabled | down | --25T07::11.000000 | - |
+----+------------------+-----------------------------+-----------+---------+-------+----------------------------+-----------------+
准备建在AZ_kvm这个可用域里面的 nc11.chinacloud.com 节点上
7）、创建虚拟机
[root@cc07 ~]# nova boot --flavor vcpus_1_cpu_cores_1_cpu_sockets_1_ram_1024_disk_1_eph_0 --image 7dbda9ff-b13f-410b--2c27c6bba4b6 --nic net-id=2193270e-c4c9-469c-99ae-87ebdb4ba535 --security-groups fdbffd7a-5f5e-413a-8d78-5f26bdc23c4e --key-name hzb-keypaire-priv --availability-zone AZ_kvm:nc11.chinacloud.com hzb-boot-test
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Property | Value |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| OS-DCF:diskConfig | MANUAL |
| OS-EXT-AZ:availability_zone | AZ_kvm |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:host | - |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:hypervisor_hostname | - |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:instance_name | instance-000001ed |
| OS-EXT-STS:power_state | |
| OS-EXT-STS:task_state | scheduling |
| OS-EXT-STS:vm_state | building |
| OS-SRV-USG:launched_at | - |
| OS-SRV-USG:terminated_at | - |
| accessIPv4 | |
| accessIPv6 | |
| adminPass | |
| config_drive | |
| created | --26T08::38Z |
| flavor | vcpus_1_cpu_cores_1_cpu_sockets_1_ram_1024_disk_1_eph_0 (vcpus_1_cpu_cores_1_cpu_sockets_1_ram_1024_disk_1_eph_0) |
| hostId | |
| id | 046eade8-4f8f-4d4b-a1cf-1f7d7739e2d7 |
| image | test-xulang1g (7dbda9ff-b13f-410b--2c27c6bba4b6) |
| key_name | hzb-keypaire-priv |
| metadata | {"hypervisor_type": "qemu", "isvm": ""} |
| name | hzb-boot-test |
| os-extended-volumes:volumes_attached | [] |
| progress | |
| security_groups | fdbffd7a-5f5e-413a-8d78-5f26bdc23c4e |
| status | BUILD |
| tenant_id | 26a8e1feb372493d831c19d4d9e28d73 |
| updated | --26T08::41Z |
| user_id | b735c8ddd7b54e228e8c068533a0de69 |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
2、停止虚拟机
[root@cc07 ~]# nova stop hzb-test
Request to stop server hzb-test has been accepted.
[root@cc07 ~]# nova list
+--------------------------------------+----------+---------+------------+-------------+-------------------------+
| ID | Name | Status | Task State | Power State | Networks |
+--------------------------------------+----------+---------+------------+-------------+-------------------------+
| bf681562-161c-4d3c--fed602903c6e | hzb-test | SHUTOFF | - | Shutdown | hzb-privnet1=10.30.0.65 |
+--------------------------------------+----------+---------+------------+-------------+-------------------------+
3、启动虚拟机
[root@cc07 ~]# nova start hzb-test
Request to start server hzb-test has been accepted.
[root@cc07 ~]# nova list
+--------------------------------------+----------+--------+------------+-------------+-------------------------+
| ID | Name | Status | Task State | Power State | Networks |
+--------------------------------------+----------+--------+------------+-------------+-------------------------+
| bf681562-161c-4d3c--fed602903c6e | hzb-test | ACTIVE | - | Running | hzb-privnet1=10.30.0.65 |
+--------------------------------------+----------+--------+------------+-------------+-------------------------+
4、挂起虚拟机
[root@cc07 ~]# nova suspend hzb-test
[root@cc07 ~]# nova list
+--------------------------------------+----------+-----------+------------+-------------+-------------------------+
| ID | Name | Status | Task State | Power State | Networks |
+--------------------------------------+----------+-----------+------------+-------------+-------------------------+
| bf681562-161c-4d3c--fed602903c6e | hzb-test | SUSPENDED | - | Shutdown | hzb-privnet1=10.30.0.65 |
+--------------------------------------+----------+-----------+------------+-------------+-------------------------+
5、恢复挂起虚拟机
[root@cc07 ~]# nova resume hzb-test
[root@cc07 ~]# nova list
+--------------------------------------+----------+--------+------------+-------------+-------------------------+
| ID | Name | Status | Task State | Power State | Networks |
+--------------------------------------+----------+--------+------------+-------------+-------------------------+
| bf681562-161c-4d3c--fed602903c6e | hzb-test | ACTIVE | - | Running | hzb-privnet1=10.30.0.65 |
+--------------------------------------+----------+--------+------------+-------------+-------------------------+
6、暂停虚拟机
[root@cc07 ~]# nova pause hzb-test
[root@cc07 ~]# nova list
+--------------------------------------+----------+--------+------------+-------------+-------------------------+
| ID | Name | Status | Task State | Power State | Networks |
+--------------------------------------+----------+--------+------------+-------------+-------------------------+
| bf681562-161c-4d3c--fed602903c6e | hzb-test | PAUSED | - | Paused | hzb-privnet1=10.30.0.65 |
+--------------------------------------+----------+--------+------------+-------------+-------------------------+
7、恢复暂停
[root@cc07 ~]# nova unpause hzb-test
[root@cc07 ~]# nova list
+--------------------------------------+----------+--------+------------+-------------+-------------------------+
| ID | Name | Status | Task State | Power State | Networks |
+--------------------------------------+----------+--------+------------+-------------+-------------------------+
| bf681562-161c-4d3c--fed602903c6e | hzb-test | ACTIVE | - | Running | hzb-privnet1=10.30.0.65 |
+--------------------------------------+----------+--------+------------+-------------+-------------------------+
8、重启虚拟机
[root@cc07 ~]# nova reboot hzb-test
Request to reboot server hzb-test (bf681562-161c-4d3c--fed602903c6e) has been accepted.
[root@cc07 ~]# nova list
+--------------------------------------+----------+--------+------------+-------------+-------------------------+
| ID | Name | Status | Task State | Power State | Networks |
+--------------------------------------+----------+--------+------------+-------------+-------------------------+
| bf681562-161c-4d3c--fed602903c6e | hzb-test | ACTIVE | - | Running | hzb-privnet1=10.30.0.65 |
+--------------------------------------+----------+--------+------------+-------------+-------------------------+
9、挂载数据卷
usage: nova volume-attach <server> <volumeId>
[root@cc07 ~]# nova volume-attach hzb-test 48e23242-6ce6-486f-8841-417693b5f37c
+----------+--------------------------------------+
| Property | Value |
+----------+--------------------------------------+
| device | /dev/vdb |
| id | 48e23242-6ce6-486f--417693b5f37c |
| serverId | bf681562-161c-4d3c--fed602903c6e |
| volumeId | 48e23242-6ce6-486f--417693b5f37c |
+----------+--------------------------------------+
10、查看虚拟机挂载的所有数据卷
nova volume-attachments <server>
[root@cc07 ~]# nova volume-attachments hzb-test
+--------------------------------------+----------+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| ID | DEVICE | SERVER ID | VOLUME ID |
+--------------------------------------+----------+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| 48e23242-6ce6-486f--417693b5f37c | /dev/vdb | bf681562-161c-4d3c--fed602903c6e | 48e23242-6ce6-486f--417693b5f37c |
+--------------------------------------+----------+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
11、虚拟机卸载数据卷
nova volume-detach hzb-test 48e23242-6ce6-486f-8841-417693b5f37c
12、虚拟机挂载网卡
usage: nova interface-attach [--port-id <port_id>] [--net-id <net_id>] [--fixed-ip <fixed_ip>] <server>
[root@cc07 ~]# neutron net-list|grep hzb
| 0575cad8-38b0-4d0a-833c-86779f4f43bb | hzb-pub1 | |
| 7856011d-32e7-42a7-887d-2f9dc3c730e7 | hzb-net | d0ef28a3-68fe-4b66-bb66-e723825fab82 10.23.2.0/ |
| 2193270e-c4c9-469c-99ae-87ebdb4ba535 | hzb-privnet1 | 0ba19972-c2f6-4cbb-80f6-a642a2f698a8 10.30.0.0/ |
[root@cc07 ~]# nova interface-attach --net-id 7856011d-32e7-42a7-887d-2f9dc3c730e7 hzb-test
[root@cc07 ~]# nova list
+--------------------------------------+----------+--------+------------+-------------+--------------------------------------------+
| ID | Name | Status | Task State | Power State | Networks |
+--------------------------------------+----------+--------+------------+-------------+--------------------------------------------+
| bf681562-161c-4d3c--fed602903c6e | hzb-test | ACTIVE | - | Running | hzb-privnet1=10.30.0.65; hzb-net=10.23.2.4 |
+--------------------------------------+----------+--------+------------+-------------+--------------------------------------------+
可以绑多个网卡
13、查看虚拟机的网卡信息
[root@cc07 ~]# nova interface-list hzb-test
+------------+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+--------------+-------------------+
| Port State | Port ID | Net ID | IP addresses | MAC Addr |
+------------+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+--------------+-------------------+
| ACTIVE | 18d5e605-d058-4f27-95db-723836d66eb5 | 7856011d-32e7-42a7-887d-2f9dc3c730e7 | 10.33.0.66 | fa::3e:db:: |
| ACTIVE | 441965ed-bbc0-4ec8--d292c5649881 | 7856011d-32e7-42a7-887d-2f9dc3c730e7 | 10.23.2.4 | fa::3e:7b:6c:6a |
| ACTIVE | 5f51e282-a65d--8d18-e4ed3618cbef | 2193270e-c4c9-469c-99ae-87ebdb4ba535 | 10.30.0.65 | fa::3e:::ff |
| ACTIVE | a0152728-08b5-4c95--a4439ca19453 | 7856011d-32e7-42a7-887d-2f9dc3c730e7 | 10.23.2.6 | fa::3e:7d::5b |
| ACTIVE | f615713a--48e1-9d0e-f250fb082607 | 7856011d-32e7-42a7-887d-2f9dc3c730e7 | 10.23.2.5 | fa::3e::b0:4c |
+------------+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+--------------+-------------------+
14、卸载虚拟机的网卡
usage: nova interface-detach <server> <port_id>
卸载网卡，必须指定port-id，因为同一个虚拟机的可能绑定了同一个子网的多个ip，每个ip和port是一一对应的。
[root@cc07 ~]# nova interface-detach hzb-test 441965ed-bbc0-4ec8--d292c5649881
[root@cc07 ~]# nova interface-list hzb-test
+------------+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+--------------+-------------------+
| Port State | Port ID | Net ID | IP addresses | MAC Addr |
+------------+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+--------------+-------------------+
| ACTIVE | 18d5e605-d058-4f27-95db-723836d66eb5 | 7856011d-32e7-42a7-887d-2f9dc3c730e7 | 10.33.0.66 | fa::3e:db:: |
| ACTIVE | 5f51e282-a65d--8d18-e4ed3618cbef | 2193270e-c4c9-469c-99ae-87ebdb4ba535 | 10.30.0.65 | fa::3e:::ff |
| ACTIVE | a0152728-08b5-4c95--a4439ca19453 | 7856011d-32e7-42a7-887d-2f9dc3c730e7 | 10.23.2.6 | fa::3e:7d::5b |
| ACTIVE | f615713a--48e1-9d0e-f250fb082607 | 7856011d-32e7-42a7-887d-2f9dc3c730e7 | 10.23.2.5 | fa::3e::b0:4c |
+------------+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+--------------+-------------------+
15、绑定浮动ip
usage: nova floating-ip-associate [--fixed-address <fixed_address>] <server> <address>
1）看有哪些可用的浮动IP
(nova-api)[root@cc07 nova]# nova floating-ip-list
+--------------------------------------+---------------+-----------+----------+-----------+
| Id | IP | Server Id | Fixed IP | Pool |
+--------------------------------------+---------------+-----------+----------+-----------+
| 7bb93e28-bf36--aebf-94fafa27d5fa | 172.16.12.219 | - | - | vlan_1612 |
| bc258041-139e--98c1-a6ba7960ad59 | 172.16.12.218 | - | - | vlan_1612 |
+--------------------------------------+---------------+-----------+----------+-----------+
2）将虚拟机hzb-test的10.33.0.66这个固定ip绑定到浮动IP172.16.12.218
(nova-api)[root@cc07 nova]# nova floating-ip-associate --fixed-address=10.33.0.66 hzb-test 172.16.12.218
ERROR (BadRequest): Unable to associate floating IP 172.16.12.218 to fixed IP 10.33.0.66 for instance bf681562-161c-4d3c--fed602903c6e. Error: External network 519386bf-542a--ac87-1b15ab96550c is not reachable from subnet d0ef28a3-68fe-4b66-bb66-e723825fab82. Therefore, cannot associate Port f615713a--48e1-9d0e-f250fb082607 with a Floating IP.
Neutron server returns request_ids: ['req-c59a64e0-9477-4bcc-a34b-bc5cd90fc94a'] (HTTP ) (Request-ID: req-f28973b4-a31b-48ee-b137-806a7d6420a0)
上面报错是由于两个网段不能直接访问，可以用一个路由把他们绑定起来。
创建一个路由
(nova-api)[root@cc07 nova]# neutron router-create hzb-route-test
Created a new router:
+-------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| admin_state_up | True |
| availability_zone_hints | |
| availability_zones | |
| description | |
| distributed | False |
| external_gateway_info | |
| ha | False |
| id | f1a45281-68a1-481a-b62a-ab735c8c2e8e |
| name | hzb-route-test |
| routes | |
| rx | - |
| status | ACTIVE |
| tenant_id | 26a8e1feb372493d831c19d4d9e28d73 |
| tx | - |
+-------------------------+--------------------------------------+
将路由绑定到外部网络也就是刚才的浮动ip所在的网络
(nova-api)[root@cc07 nova]# neutron router-gateway-set f1a45281-68a1-481a-b62a-ab735c8c2e8e vlan_1612
Set gateway for router f1a45281-68a1-481a-b62a-ab735c8c2e8e
(nova-api)[root@cc07 nova]# neutron router-show hzb-route-test
+-------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| admin_state_up | True |
| availability_zone_hints | |
| availability_zones | nova |
| description | |
| distributed | False |
| external_gateway_info | {"network_id": "519386bf-542a-4769-ac87-1b15ab96550c", "enable_snat": true, "external_fixed_ips": [{"subnet_id": "732a6431-e412-4db6-a5ec-bd9913699bab", "ip_address": "172.16.12.235"}]} |
| ha | False |
| id | f1a45281-68a1-481a-b62a-ab735c8c2e8e |
| name | hzb-route-test |
| routes | |
| rx | - |
| status | ACTIVE |
| tenant_id | 26a8e1feb372493d831c19d4d9e28d73 |
| tx | - |
+-------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
将路由绑定子网（hzb-sub-net2）也就是10.33.0.66所在的子网
(nova-api)[root@cc07 nova]# neutron router-interface-add f1a45281-68a1-481a-b62a-ab735c8c2e8e hzb-sub-net2
Added interface 3ad406ae-4c83-45d9-9d92-d1ac6d711594 to router f1a45281-68a1-481a-b62a-ab735c8c2e8e.
现在开始再次：虚拟机hzb-test的10.33.0.66这个固定ip绑定到浮动IP172.16.12.218
(nova-api)[root@cc07 nova]# nova floating-ip-associate --fixed-address=10.33.0.66 hzb-test 172.16.12.218
(nova-api)[root@cc07 nova]# nova floating-ip-list
+--------------------------------------+---------------+--------------------------------------+------------+-----------+
| Id | IP | Server Id | Fixed IP | Pool |
+--------------------------------------+---------------+--------------------------------------+------------+-----------+
| 7bb93e28-bf36--aebf-94fafa27d5fa | 172.16.12.219 | - | - | vlan_1612 |
| bc258041-139e-4151-98c1-a6ba7960ad59 | 172.16.12.218 | bf681562-161c-4d3c-8844-fed602903c6e | 10.33.0.66 | vlan_1612 |
+--------------------------------------+---------------+--------------------------------------+------------+-----------+
16、解绑浮动IP
usage: nova floating-ip-disassociate <server> <address>
(nova-api)[root@cc07 nova]# nova floating-ip-disassociate hzb-test 172.16.12.218
(nova-api)[root@cc07 nova]# nova floating-ip-list
+--------------------------------------+---------------+-----------+----------+-----------+
| Id | IP | Server Id | Fixed IP | Pool |
+--------------------------------------+---------------+-----------+----------+-----------+
| 7bb93e28-bf36--aebf-94fafa27d5fa | 172.16.12.219 | - | - | vlan_1612 |
| bc258041-139e--98c1-a6ba7960ad59 | 172.16.12.218 | - | - | vlan_1612 |
+--------------------------------------+---------------+-----------+----------+-----------+
17、列出虚拟机的安全组
usage: nova list-secgroup <server>
(nova-api)[root@cc07 nova]# nova list-secgroup hzb-test
+--------------------------------------+---------+------------------------+
| Id | Name | Description |
+--------------------------------------+---------+------------------------+
| 6a5dd6bb-600f-49bb-b37b-91059ff4074b | default | Default security group |
| 6a5dd6bb-600f-49bb-b37b-91059ff4074b | default | Default security group |
| 6a5dd6bb-600f-49bb-b37b-91059ff4074b | default | Default security group |
| 6a5dd6bb-600f-49bb-b37b-91059ff4074b | default | Default security group |
+--------------------------------------+---------+------------------------+
上面有4个安全组，是因为虚拟机hzb-test绑定了4个ip，每个ip默认绑定了一个default安全组
18、绑定安全组
(nova-api)[root@cc07 nova]# nova add-secgroup hzb-test boshen-sg2
(nova-api)[root@cc07 nova]# nova list-secgroup hzb-test
+--------------------------------------+------------+------------------------+
| Id | Name | Description |
+--------------------------------------+------------+------------------------+
| db7599e0-be38--93d9-ed20f2a8a298 | boshen-sg2 | xxxxxxxxx |
| db7599e0-be38--93d9-ed20f2a8a298 | boshen-sg2 | xxxxxxxxx |
| db7599e0-be38--93d9-ed20f2a8a298 | boshen-sg2 | xxxxxxxxx |
| db7599e0-be38--93d9-ed20f2a8a298 | boshen-sg2 | xxxxxxxxx |
| 6a5dd6bb-600f-49bb-b37b-91059ff4074b | default | Default security group |
| 6a5dd6bb-600f-49bb-b37b-91059ff4074b | default | Default security group |
| 6a5dd6bb-600f-49bb-b37b-91059ff4074b | default | Default security group |
| 6a5dd6bb-600f-49bb-b37b-91059ff4074b | default | Default security group |
+--------------------------------------+------------+------------------------+
上面的方法会给所有的ip都应用了安全组，boshen-sg2
如果我们只是想给具体的某一个ip应用安全组，那么只能更新具体的port
(nova-api)[root@cc07 nova]# nova list-secgroup hzb-test
+--------------------------------------+---------+------------------------+
| Id | Name | Description |
+--------------------------------------+---------+------------------------+
| 6a5dd6bb-600f-49bb-b37b-91059ff4074b | default | Default security group |
| 6a5dd6bb-600f-49bb-b37b-91059ff4074b | default | Default security group |
| 6a5dd6bb-600f-49bb-b37b-91059ff4074b | default | Default security group |
| 6a5dd6bb-600f-49bb-b37b-91059ff4074b | default | Default security group |
+--------------------------------------+---------+------------------------+ (nova-api)[root@cc07 nova]# nova interface-list hzb-test
+------------+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+--------------+-------------------+
| Port State | Port ID | Net ID | IP addresses | MAC Addr |
+------------+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+--------------+-------------------+
| ACTIVE | 18d5e605-d058-4f27-95db-723836d66eb5 | 7856011d-32e7-42a7-887d-2f9dc3c730e7 | 10.33.0.66 | fa:16:3e:db:33:57 |
| ACTIVE | 5f51e282-a65d-4277-8d18-e4ed3618cbef | 2193270e-c4c9-469c-99ae-87ebdb4ba535 | 10.30.0.65 | fa:16:3e:06:40:ff |
| ACTIVE | a0152728-08b5-4c95-9206-a4439ca19453 | 7856011d-32e7-42a7-887d-2f9dc3c730e7 | 10.23.2.6 | fa:16:3e:7d:03:5b |
| ACTIVE | f615713a-1551-48e1-9d0e-f250fb082607 | 7856011d-32e7-42a7-887d-2f9dc3c730e7 | 10.23.2.5 | fa:16:3e:94:b0:4c |
+------------+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+--------------+-------------------+
现在我们将安全组boshen-sg2应用到10.23.2.5这个port上
(nova-api)[root@cc07 nova]# neutron port-update --security-group=boshen-sg2 f615713a--48e1-9d0e-f250fb082607
Updated port: f615713a--48e1-9d0e-f250fb082607
(nova-api)[root@cc07 nova]# nova list-secgroup hzb-test
+--------------------------------------+------------+------------------------+
| Id | Name | Description |
+--------------------------------------+------------+------------------------+
| db7599e0-be38--93d9-ed20f2a8a298 | boshen-sg2 | xxxxxxxxx |
| 6a5dd6bb-600f-49bb-b37b-91059ff4074b | default | Default security group |
| 6a5dd6bb-600f-49bb-b37b-91059ff4074b | default | Default security group |
| 6a5dd6bb-600f-49bb-b37b-91059ff4074b | default | Default security group |
+--------------------------------------+------------+------------------------+
19、卸载安全组
(nova-api)[root@cc07 nova]# nova remove-secgroup hzb-test boshen-sg2
(nova-api)[root@cc07 nova]# nova list-secgroup hzb-test
+--------------------------------------+---------+------------------------+
| Id | Name | Description |
+--------------------------------------+---------+------------------------+
| 6a5dd6bb-600f-49bb-b37b-91059ff4074b | default | Default security group |
| 6a5dd6bb-600f-49bb-b37b-91059ff4074b | default | Default security group |
| 6a5dd6bb-600f-49bb-b37b-91059ff4074b | default | Default security group |
| 6a5dd6bb-600f-49bb-b37b-91059ff4074b | default | Default security group |
+--------------------------------------+---------+------------------------+
上面的方法会给所有的ip都卸载了安全组，boshen-sg2
20、查看vnc
(nova-api)[root@cc07 nova]# nova get-vnc-console hzb-test novnc
+-------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type | Url |
+-------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| novnc | http://172.16.12.7:6080/vnc_auto.html?token=cf81ba3f-3103-4f49-9b9c-85a910f74848 |
+-------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
21、resize（通过设置不同的flavor实现的）
nova resize hzb-test vcpus_1_cpu_cores_1_cpu_sockets_1_ram_2048_disk_60_eph_0
22、lock/unlock
lock后，可以防止对其进行其他误操作
nova lock hzb-test
nova unlock hzb-test
23、创建快照
其工作原理是对 instance的镜像文件（系统盘）进行全量备份，生成一个类型为 snapshot的 image，然后将其保存到 Glance上。快照之前，最好先pause虚拟机
nova create-image hzb-test hzb-test-snapshot
24、重建
nova rebuild hzb-test-snapshot
25、shelve/unshelve
1）、shelve 将 instance 保存到 Glance 上，之后可通过 Unshelve 重新部署。 Shelve 操作成功后，instance 会从原来的计算节点上删除。
[root@cc07 ~]# nova shelve h001
[root@cc07 ~]# nova list
+--------------------------------------+------+--------+-------------------------------+-------------+-------------------------+
| ID | Name | Status | Task State | Power State | Networks |
+--------------------------------------+------+--------+-------------------------------+-------------+-------------------------+
| 4c46b8fd-dfff--83c7-6ac8e46b99e9 | h001 | ACTIVE | shelving_image_pending_upload | Running | hzb-privnet1=10.30.0.66 |
+--------------------------------------+------+--------+-------------------------------+-------------+-------------------------+
[root@cc07 ~]# glance image-list|grep h001
| 32e9c33f-ae53-4ff2--1f3909a7b094 | h001-shelved |
会自动生成镜像h001-shelved
2）unshelve， 会重新选择节点部署，可能不是原节点。
usage: nova unshelve <server>
26，migrate/live-migration
1)、migrate，将 instance 迁移到其他计算节点。 迁移之前，instance 会被 Shut Off，支持共享存储和非共享存储。不支持指定迁移到哪个计算节点
usage: nova migrate [--poll] <server> Migrate a server. The new host will be selected by the scheduler. Positional arguments:
<server> Name or ID of server. Optional arguments:
--poll Report the server migration progress until it completes.
nova migrate cc64cd70-a4d2--aec9-dd9147866956
2）live-migration，能不停机在线地迁移 instance，保证了业务的连续性。也支持共享存储和非共享存储（Block Migration）
usage: nova live-migration [--block-migrate] [--force] <server> [<host>] Migrate running server to a new machine. Positional arguments:
<server> Name or ID of server.
<host> Destination host name. If no host is specified, the
scheduler will choose one. Optional arguments:
--block-migrate True in case of block_migration.
(Default=auto:live_migration) (Supported by API versions
'2.25' - '2.latest')
--force Force a live-migration by not verifying the provided
destination host by the scheduler. WARNING: This could
result in failures to actually live migrate the server to
the specified host. It is recommended to either not specify
a host so that the scheduler will pick one, or specify a
host without --force. (Supported by API versions '2.30' -
'2.latest')
nova live-migration cc64cd70-a4d2--aec9-dd9147866956 compute.chinacloud.com
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