mysql 分区 1526错误

mysql 分区

原文：http://fyzjhh.blog.163.com/blog/static/1694442262012544429953/

参考：https://bugs.mysql.com/bug.php?id=52815

简而言之就是你建的表分区最大值不够用了

如果表有主键， 那么主键必须包含分区键，分区键是主键的子集。这个应该算是局限了。

这个是正确的

 CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `test_hash_part41` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL  ,
  `pid` int(11) NOT NULL  ,
  `comment` varchar(1000) NOT NULL DEFAULT '' ,
  `ip` varchar(25) NOT NULL DEFAULT '' ,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`,pid)
) ENGINE=INNODB  DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 AUTO_INCREMENT=1
PARTITION BY KEY(id)
PARTITIONS 3;  

下面这个会 ERROR 1503 (HY000): A PRIMARY KEY must include all columns in the table's partitioning function

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `test_hash_part42` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL  ,
  `pid` int(11) NOT NULL  ,
  `comment` varchar(1000) NOT NULL DEFAULT '' ,
  `ip` varchar(25) NOT NULL DEFAULT '' ,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=INNODB  DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 AUTO_INCREMENT=1
PARTITION BY KEY(id,pid)
PARTITIONS 3; 

分区的sql语法

partition_options:
    PARTITION BY
        { [LINEAR] HASH(expr)
        | [LINEAR] KEY(column_list)
        | RANGE(expr)
        | LIST(expr) }
    [PARTITIONS num]
    [SUBPARTITION BY
        { [LINEAR] HASH(expr)
        | [LINEAR] KEY(column_list) }
      [SUBPARTITIONS num]
    ]
    [(partition_definition [, partition_definition] ...)]

partition_definition:
    PARTITION partition_name
        [VALUES {LESS THAN {(expr) | MAXVALUE} | IN (value_list)}]
        [[STORAGE] ENGINE [=] engine_name]
        [COMMENT [=] 'comment_text' ]
        [DATA DIRECTORY [=] 'data_dir']
        [INDEX DIRECTORY [=] 'index_dir']
        [MAX_ROWS [=] max_number_of_rows]
        [MIN_ROWS [=] min_number_of_rows]
        [TABLESPACE [=] tablespace_name]
        [NODEGROUP [=] node_group_id]
        [(subpartition_definition [, subpartition_definition] ...)]

subpartition_definition:
    SUBPARTITION logical_name
        [[STORAGE] ENGINE [=] engine_name]
        [COMMENT [=] 'comment_text' ]
        [DATA DIRECTORY [=] 'data_dir']
        [INDEX DIRECTORY [=] 'index_dir']
        [MAX_ROWS [=] max_number_of_rows]
        [MIN_ROWS [=] min_number_of_rows]
        [TABLESPACE [=] tablespace_name]
        [NODEGROUP [=] node_group_id]

 例子：

创建range分区

CREATE TABLE  `testpartition` (
   `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT ,
   `name` varchar(50) NOT NULL  ,
   `sex` int(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' ,
   PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
 ) ENGINE=Innodb  DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
 PARTITION BY RANGE (id) (
     PARTITION p0 VALUES LESS THAN (3),
     PARTITION p1 VALUES LESS THAN (6),
     PARTITION p2 VALUES LESS THAN (9),
     PARTITION p3 VALUES LESS THAN (12),
     PARTITION p4 VALUES LESS THAN MAXVALUE
 );  

 插入数据

 INSERT INTO testpartition (`name` ,`sex`)VALUES ('jhh', '0')
,('zhang',1),('ying',1),('aaaa',1),('bbbb',0),('test1',1),('jhh2',1)
,('jhh1',1),('test2',1),('test3',1),('test4',1),('test5',1),('jhh3',1)
,('jhh4',1),('jhh5',1),('jhh6',1),('jhh7',1),('jhh8',1),('jhh9',1)
,('jhh10',1),('jhh11',1),('jhh12',1),('jhh13',1),('jhh21',1),('jhh42',1);

 可以drop 某个分区 
 alter table drop partition p4 ;

 如果是删除了最大的分区p4，导致比较大的数值没有相应的分区，会报如下类似错误的。 
 ERROR  (HY000): Table has no partition for value .

改变分区，相当于重整分区了。 需要生成临时表 ，并且加锁。

 alter table testpartition partition by RANGE(id)
(PARTITION p1 VALUES less than (6),
PARTITION p2 VALUES less than (16),
PARTITION p3 VALUES less than MAXVALUE);

Hash分区和key分区 , 只需要指定 partitions的数量。

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `test_hash_part44` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL  ,
  `pid` int(11) NOT NULL  ,
  `comment` varchar(1000) NOT NULL DEFAULT '' ,
  `ip` varchar(25) NOT NULL DEFAULT '' ,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=INNODB  DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 AUTO_INCREMENT=1
PARTITION BY KEY(id)
PARTITIONS 3;