openstack api快速入门

原文:http://my.oschina.net/guol/blog/105430

openstack官方有提供api供开发者使用，可以使用api做一些外围的小工具，用来简化对openstack的管理。

api-quickstart:http://docs.openstack.org/api/quick-start/content/index.html

api-doc:http://api.openstack.org/api-ref.html

环境：ubuntu12.10(10.1.1.186)

如果你看了官方的quickstart，他会让你先生成一个X-Auth-Token值，然后使用这个认证的值调用相关的api接口。如下过程：

1	curl -k -X 'POST' -v http://10.1.1.186:5000/v2.0/tokens -d '{"auth":{"passwordCredentials":{"username": "guol", "password":"123456"}}}' -H 'Content-type: application/json' | python -mjson.tool

输出结果如下：

01

{

02	"access": {

03	"serviceCatalog": {},

04	"token": {

05	"expires": "2013-01-27T04:55:35Z",

06	"id": "a4b6a871ff2f41a797c0b7d45c69f81e"

07

},

08

"user": {

09	"id": "4c1a6122fc874a8bb541a34be3b316ad",

10	"name": "guol",

11	"roles": [],

12	"roles_links": [],

13	"username": "guol"

14

}

15

}

16

}

然后使用token id调用你使用的api

1	curl -X 'GET' -H  "X-Auth-Token:a4b6a871ff2f41a797c0b7d45c69f81e" -v http://10.1.1.186:5000/v2.0/tenants | python -mjson.tool

输出的结果如下：

01

{

02	"tenants": [

03

{

04	"description": "\u4e91\u5e73\u53f0\u7ba1\u7406\u5458,\u5168\u5c40\u7ba1\u7406\u6240\u6709\u9879\u76ee",

05	"enabled": true,

06	"id": "3a3613f83183435d9c47aa362261f720",

07	"name": "admin"

08

}

09

],

10	"tenants_links": []

11

}

当你按照api-doc接着调用compute、image、volume等下面的api接口时，会发现统统没有返回值，经过一段时间的摸索，发现对下剩下的api接口是需要使用认证过的token才能使用的，下面的方法才是王道。

获取认证token值

1	curl -X POST -d  '{"auth": {"tenantName": "VM", "passwordCredentials":{"username": "admin", "password": "123456"}}}' -H "Content-type: application/json" http://10.1.1.186:35357/v2.0/tokens | python -mjson.tool

返回值如下：

001

{

002	"access": {

003	"metadata": {

004	"is_admin": 0,

005	"roles": [

006	"141927156f7a47d98858e51febaea8cf"

007

]

008

},

009	"serviceCatalog": [

010

{

011	"endpoints": [

012

{

013	"adminURL": "http://10.1.1.186:8774/v2/170bf7acb88646bc9147085d426c4671",

014	"id": "e02aaf58a24641049fddfe7385ce9399",

015	"internalURL": "http://10.1.1.186:8774/v2/170bf7acb88646bc9147085d426c4671",

016	"publicURL": "http://10.1.1.186:8774/v2/170bf7acb88646bc9147085d426c4671",

017	"region": "RegionOne"

018

}

019

],

020	"endpoints_links": [],

021	"name": "nova",

022	"type": "compute"

023

},

024

{

025	"endpoints": [

026

{

027	"adminURL": "http://10.1.1.186:9292/v1",

028	"id": "7c48fa4d876d44e0a3cb324a45a14931",

029	"internalURL": "http://10.1.1.186:9292/v1",

030	"publicURL": "http://10.1.1.186:9292/v1",

031	"region": "RegionOne"

032

}

033

],

034	"endpoints_links": [],

035	"name": "glance",

036	"type": "image"

037

},

038

{

039	"endpoints": [

040

{

041	"adminURL": "http://10.1.1.186:8776/v1/170bf7acb88646bc9147085d426c4671",

042	"id": "c08114987bc0443d879436db6290dd08",

043	"internalURL": "http://10.1.1.186:8776/v1/170bf7acb88646bc9147085d426c4671",

044	"publicURL": "http://10.1.1.186:8776/v1/170bf7acb88646bc9147085d426c4671",

045	"region": "RegionOne"

046

}

047

],

048	"endpoints_links": [],

049	"name": "volume",

050	"type": "volume"

051

},

052

{

053	"endpoints": [

054

{

055	"adminURL": "http://10.1.1.186:8773/services/Admin",

056	"id": "cd6c3c2ac44340d6a78cb903ec9bcab3",

057	"internalURL": "http://10.1.1.186:8773/services/Cloud",

058	"publicURL": "http://10.1.1.186:8773/services/Cloud",

059	"region": "RegionOne"

060

}

061

],

062	"endpoints_links": [],

063	"name": "ec2",

064	"type": "ec2"

065

},

066

{

067	"endpoints": [

068

{

069	"adminURL": "http://10.1.1.186:8080/v1",

070	"id": "a75755093500441ea954f4874ccecf15",

071	"internalURL": "http://10.1.1.186:8080/v1/AUTH_170bf7acb88646bc9147085d426c4671",

072	"publicURL": "http://10.1.1.186:8080/v1/AUTH_170bf7acb88646bc9147085d426c4671",

073	"region": "RegionOne"

074

}

075

],

076	"endpoints_links": [],

077	"name": "swift",

078	"type": "object-store"

079

},

080

{

081	"endpoints": [

082

{

083	"adminURL": "http://10.1.1.186:35357/v2.0",

084	"id": "196e553f9bcc4c8fa425bc0fa28a144b",

085	"internalURL": "http://10.1.1.186:5000/v2.0",

086	"publicURL": "http://10.1.1.186:5000/v2.0",

087	"region": "RegionOne"

088

}

089

],

090	"endpoints_links": [],

091	"name": "keystone",

092	"type": "identity"

093

}

094

],

095	"token": {

096	"expires": "2013-01-27T05:06:50Z",

097	"id": "71fb5b7816804febbd89ed315fe67c94",

098	"tenant": {

099	"description": "\u6240\u6709\u516c\u53f8\u81ea\u4e3b\u6e38\u620f\u7684\u524d\u7aef\u53d1\u5e03\u673a,\u5982\u8d5b\u5c14\u53f7,\u529f\u592b\u7b49",

100	"enabled": true,

101	"id": "170bf7acb88646bc9147085d426c4671",

102	"name": "VM"

103

}

104

},

105

"user": {

106	"id": "24a2251c32504957ad2647c2448ffac3",

107	"name": "admin",

108	"roles": [

109

{

110	"name": "\u524d\u7aef\u6e38\u620f"

111

}

112

],

113	"roles_links": [],

114	"username": "admin"

115

}

116

}

117

}

使用返回的token id和tenant id调用api返回该tenant下的servers

1	curl -X GET -H "X-Auth-Token:71fb5b7816804febbd89ed315fe67c94" -H "Content-type: application/json" http://10.1.1.186:8774/v2/170bf7acb88646bc9147085d426c4671/servers | python -mjson.tool

返回结果如下

01

{

02	"servers": [

03

{

04	"id": "ac561829-dffa-443e-a321-260d48f4cba3",

05	"links": [

06

{

07	"href": "http://10.1.1.186:8774/v2/170bf7acb88646bc9147085d426c4671/servers/ac561829-dffa-443e-a321-260d48f4cba3",

08	"rel": "self"

09

},

10

{

11	"href": "http://10.1.1.186:8774/170bf7acb88646bc9147085d426c4671/servers/ac561829-dffa-443e-a321-260d48f4cba3",

12	"rel": "bookmark"

13

}

14

],

15	"name": "VM1"

16

},

17

{

18	"id": "e3b84378-7598-48c8-8a1d-bd555c4c1f90",

19	"links": [

20

{

21	"href": "http://10.1.1.186:8774/v2/170bf7acb88646bc9147085d426c4671/servers/e3b84378-7598-48c8-8a1d-bd555c4c1f90",

22	"rel": "self"

23

},

24

{

25	"href": "http://10.1.1.186:8774/170bf7acb88646bc9147085d426c4671/servers/e3b84378-7598-48c8-8a1d-bd555c4c1f90",

26	"rel": "bookmark"

27

}

28

],

29	"name": "VM2"

30

},

31

{

32	"id": "beafef2e-26c4-4320-9b45-70006e71785c",

33	"links": [

34

{

35	"href": "http://10.1.1.186:8774/v2/170bf7acb88646bc9147085d426c4671/servers/beafef2e-26c4-4320-9b45-70006e71785c",

36	"rel": "self"

37

},

38

{

39	"href": "http://10.1.1.186:8774/170bf7acb88646bc9147085d426c4671/servers/beafef2e-26c4-4320-9b45-70006e71785c",

40	"rel": "bookmark"

41

}

42

],

43	"name": "VM3"

44

},

45

{

46	"id": "f8450270-9d96-4dba-b1c2-8ebcef1ff012",

47	"links": [

48

{

49	"href": "http://10.1.1.186:8774/v2/170bf7acb88646bc9147085d426c4671/servers/f8450270-9d96-4dba-b1c2-8ebcef1ff012",

50	"rel": "self"

51

},

52

{

53	"href": "http://10.1.1.186:8774/170bf7acb88646bc9147085d426c4671/servers/f8450270-9d96-4dba-b1c2-8ebcef1ff012",

54	"rel": "bookmark"

55

}

56

],

57	"name": "VM4"

58

}

59

]

60

}

通过返回值可以看到vm tenant中共包含VM1 VM2 VM3 VM4四台实例。