内核升极2.6.18 升级到 2.6.32 装systemtap 原创
系统: redhat serever 5.3 linux 2.6.18
现在要升级到 LINUX 内核 2.6.32
安装步骤:
1.下载装源代码:
https://www.kernel.org/
找到 https://www.kernel.org/pub/ 链接
查找linux->kernel->v2.6->linux-2.6.32.tar.bz2
2.拖动虚拟机 放到目录 /usr/src/kernels/下解压 为 linux -3.2.26.
3 .配制内核
1. yum install ncurses-devel.x86_64
2. 打补丁utrace, (补丁下载 https://web.elastic.org/~fche/frob-utrace/)
3. 补丁安装.
[root@localhost kernels]# ls -al --
-rw-r--r-- root root Sep : tracehook.patch
-rw-r--r-- root root Sep : utrace.patch
-rwxrw-rw- root root Sep : utrace-ptrace.patch [root@localhost linux-2.6.]# patch -p1 <../tracehook.patch
patching file arch/powerpc/include/asm/ptrace.h
patching file arch/powerpc/kernel/traps.c
patching file arch/s390/kernel/traps.c
patching file arch/x86/include/asm/ptrace.h
patching file arch/x86/kernel/ptrace.c
patching file include/linux/ptrace.h
patching file include/linux/sched.h
patching file include/linux/tracehook.h
patching file kernel/ptrace.c
patching file kernel/signal.c
[root@localhost linux-2.6.]# [root@localhost linux-2.6.]# patch -p1 <../utrace.patch
patching file Documentation/DocBook/Makefile
patching file Documentation/DocBook/utrace.tmpl
patching file fs/proc/array.c
patching file include/linux/sched.h
patching file include/linux/tracehook.h
patching file include/linux/utrace.h
patching file init/Kconfig
patching file kernel/Makefile
patching file kernel/fork.c
patching file kernel/ptrace.c
patching file kernel/utrace.c
[root@localhost linux-2.6.]# [root@localhost linux-2.6.]# patch -p1 <../utrace-ptrace.patch
patching file include/linux/ptrace.h
patching file kernel/Makefile
patching file kernel/ptrace-utrace.c
patching file kernel/ptrace.c
patching file kernel/utrace.c
4. config 配制
执行 make menuconfig
[root@localhost linux-2.6.]# make menuconfig
HOSTCC scripts/kconfig/conf.o
HOSTCC scripts/kconfig/kxgettext.o
HOSTCC scripts/kconfig/lxdialog/checklist.o
HOSTCC scripts/kconfig/lxdialog/inputbox.o
HOSTCC scripts/kconfig/lxdialog/menubox.o
HOSTCC scripts/kconfig/lxdialog/textbox.o
HOSTCC scripts/kconfig/lxdialog/util.o
HOSTCC scripts/kconfig/lxdialog/yesno.o
HOSTCC scripts/kconfig/mconf.o
SHIPPED scripts/kconfig/zconf.tab.c
SHIPPED scripts/kconfig/lex.zconf.c
SHIPPED scripts/kconfig/zconf.hash.c
HOSTCC scripts/kconfig/zconf.tab.o
HOSTLD scripts/kconfig/mconf
scripts/kconfig/mconf arch/x86/Kconfig
#
# using defaults found in /boot/config-2.6.-.el5
#
/boot/config-2.6.-.el5::warning: symbol value 'm' invalid for IP_DCCP_CCID3
/boot/config-2.6.-.el5::warning: symbol value 'm' invalid for IP_DCCP_TFRC_LIB
/boot/config-2.6.-.el5::warning: symbol value 'm' invalid for FIXED_PHY
/boot/config-2.6.-.el5::warning: symbol value 'm' invalid for ISDN
/boot/config-2.6.-.el5::warning: symbol value 'm' invalid for RTC_INTF_SYSFS
/boot/config-2.6.-.el5::warning: symbol value 'm' invalid for RTC_INTF_PROC
/boot/config-2.6.-.el5::warning: symbol value 'm' invalid for RTC_INTF_DEV
/boot/config-2.6.-.el5::warning: symbol value 'm' invalid for GFS2_FS_LOCKING_DLM
#
# configuration written to .config
设置参数:
保存退去。
检查 .config 相关参数为 y
[root@localhost linux-3.5]# cat .config | grep CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO
CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO=y
[root@localhost linux-3.5]# cat .config | grep CONFIG_KPROBES
CONFIG_KPROBES=y
[root@localhost linux-3.5]# cat .config | grep CONFIG_RELAY
CONFIG_RELAY=y
[root@localhost linux-3.5]# cat .config | grep CONFIG_DEBUG_FS
CONFIG_DEBUG_FS=y
[root@localhost linux-3.5]# cat .config | grep CONFIG_MODULES
CONFIG_MODULES=y
[root@localhost linux-3.5]# cat .config | grep CONFIG_MODULE_UNLOAD
CONFIG_MODULE_UNLOAD=y
[root@localhost linux-3.5]#cat .config | grep CONFIG_UTRACE (linux 3.5 没有这个选项)
CONFIG_UTRACE=y
[root@localhost linux-3.5]#cat .config | grep CONFIG_SYSFS_DEPRECATED_V2
CONFIG_SYSFS_DEPRECATED_V2=y
5. make
6.make modules_install
7.make install
8.
开机会出现error
方法:
编译2.6.32内核后重启出现
insmod: error inserting '/lib/dm-region-hash.ko' : -1 File exists
解决方法:
1,解压initrd文件
[root@localhost ~]# cp /boot/initrd-2.6.32.img /tmp
[root@localhost ~]# cd /tmp/
[root@localhost tmp]# ls initrd-2.6.32.img
[root@localhosttmp]# mkdir newinitrd
[root@localhost tmp]# cd newinitrd/
[root@localhost newinitrd]# zcat ../initrd-2.6.32.img |cpio -i
11537 blocks 释放之后看到如下内容
[root@localhost newinitrd]# ls
bin dev etc init lib proc sbin sys sysroot
2.编辑init,删掉其中重复的四行中的两行
echo "Loading dm-region-hash.ko module"
insmod /lib/dm-region-hash.ko
echo "Loading dm-region-hash.ko module"
insmod /lib/dm-region-hash.ko
3,重新打包initrd
[root@localhostnewinitrd]# find .|cpio -c -o > ../initrd 11538 blocks
[root@localhost newinitrd]# cd ..
[root@localhost tmp]# gzip -9 < initrd > initrd.img
[root@localhost tmp]# ls
initrd-2.6.32.img initrd initrd.img newinitrd
initrd.img就是重新打包的initrd,然后把initrd.img拷贝到/boot,
更改grub.conf里边的initrd-2.6.32.img为initrd.img,
这样“insmod: error inserting '/lib/dm-region-hash.ko' : -1 File exists” 就不会有了
9.设置 /boot/grub 中的default=0 使其从2.6.32起动
default=0
timeout=5
splashimage=(hd0,0)/grub/splash.xpm.gz
hiddenmenu
title Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (2.6.32)
root (hd0,0)
kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.32 ro root=LABEL=/ rhgb quiet
initrd /initrd-2.6.32.img
title Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (2.6.18-128.el5)
root (hd0,0)
kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.18-128.el5 ro root=LABEL=/ rhgb quiet
initrd /initrd-2.6.18-128.el5.img
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10.下载 systemtap-2.8.tar.gz
[root@localhost grub]# /tap/bin/stap -V
Systemtap translator/driver (version 2.8/0.151, non-git sources)
Copyright (C) 2005-2015 Red Hat, Inc. and others
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.
enabled features: TR1_UNORDERED_MAP NLS
You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root
方法:
到 官网 http://www.sourceware.org/systemtap/wiki/
Overview
SystemTap provides free software (GPL) infrastructure to simplify the gathering of information about the running Linux system. This assists diagnosis of a performance or functional problem. SystemTap eliminates the need for the developer to go through the tedious and disruptive instrument, recompile, install, and reboot sequence that may be otherwise required to collect data.
SystemTap provides a simple command line interface and scripting language for writing instrumentation for a live running system. We are publishing samples, as well as enlarging the internal "tapset" script library to aid reuse and abstraction.
Archive of SystemTap releases The current release is 2.8, 2015-06-18.
Focus areas for near-future development
选 Archive of SystemTap releases 中选择 2.8的版本,放到LINUX tmp 目录中,解压
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
11.下载 elfutils-0.151.tar.bz
https://fedorahosted.org/elfutils/
elfutils
The latest released version of elfutils always appears in Fedora development builds and can be found in http://koji.fedoraproject.org/packages/elfutils/.
Most versions are also released as Fedora updates for the current and one or two prior versions of Fedora.
The source for elfutils is available in http://fedorahosted.org/releases/e/l/elfutils/.
See https://fedorahosted.org/mailman/listinfo/elfutils-devel for the developers' mailing list.
点选 http://fedorahosted.org/releases/e/l/elfutils/. 放到LINUX tmp 目录中解压
12.安装systemtap 2.8
1. cd /
2 . mkdir soft
3. 进入systemtap-2.8.tar.gz的解压目录
执行 ./configure --prefix=/soft/ --with-elfutils=/tmp/elfutils-0.151
4.make
5.make install
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
13.设置PATH路
.bash_profile
设
STAP=/soft/bin/
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin
PATH=$STAP:$PATH
export PATH
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
14.安装内核符号
[root@localhost ~]# stap-prep
Need to install the following packages:
kernel-2.6.32.x86_64
kernel-devel-2.6.32.x86_64
kernel-debuginfo-2.6.32.x86_64
自建内核就不用装了
15.安装其他符号
1.
stap -d /bin/ls --ldd -e 'probe process("ls").function("xmalloc") {print_usyms(ubacktrace())}' -c "ls /"
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qf /bin/ls
coreutils-debuginfo-5.97-19.el5.x86_64.rpm
安装coreutils对于的debuginfo包.
rpm -ivh coreutils-debuginfo-5.97-19.el5.x86_64.rpm
2
stap -L 'process("/lib64/libc.so.6").function("malloc")'
Missing separate debuginfos, use: debuginfo-install glibc-2.5-123.el5_11.1
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qf /lib64/libc.so.6
glibc-2.5-123.el5_11.1
安装 rpm -ivh glibc-debuginfo-2.5-123.el5_11.1.x86_64.rpm
16. print_regs() and print _backtrace()
cat bt.stp
probe kernel.function(@){
print("----------------START-------------------------\n")
printf("In process [%s]\n", execname()) print_regs()
print_backtrace()
print("----------------END-------------------------\n")
exit()
}
[root@localhost ~]# stap -v bt.stp "do_fork"
Pass : parsed user script and library script(s) using 110744virt/34332res/2092shr/32912data kb, in 260usr/60sys/316real ms.
Pass : analyzed script: probe(s), function(s), embed(s), global(s) using 132840virt/57352res/3104shr/55008data kb, in 460usr/390sys/903real ms.
Pass : translated to C into "/tmp/stapXvhrib/stap_9f09e2f8d05b04c5f922e1fe3470a188_2491_src.c" using 132840virt/57616res/3368shr/55008data kb, in 70usr/220sys/372real ms.
Pass : compiled C into "stap_9f09e2f8d05b04c5f922e1fe3470a188_2491.ko" in 3550usr/5110sys/9158real ms.
Pass : starting run.
----------------START-------------------------
In process [automount]
RIP: ffffffff81040c72
RSP: ffff880047de7f48 EFLAGS:
RAX: 00007f8727af29d0 RBX: 00007f8727af2940 RCX:
RDX: ffff880047de7f58 RSI: 00007f8727af2250 RDI: 00000000003d0f00
RBP: R08: 00007f8727af29d0 R09: 00007f8727af29d0
R10: 00007f8727af29d0 R11: R12:
R13: R14: R15: 00007f8729970c00
FS: 00007f8729726940() GS:ffff880003400000() knlGS:
CS: DS: ES: CR0:
CR2: 00007fb198462070 CR3: 00000000523f9000 CR4: 00000000000406f0
0xffffffff81040c72 : do_fork+0x0/0x32c [kernel]
0xffffffff8100bc13 : stub_clone+0x13/0x20 [kernel]
0xffffffff8100b92b : system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b [kernel] (inexact)
----------------END-------------------------
Pass : run completed in 20usr/80sys/1729real ms.
17.linux 3.2.26 return 探针
linu >=3.5 无return 探针,发 展中
LINUX 3.5
stap -e 'probe process("a.out").function("fun").return {printf("%s",probefunc())}'
error semantic error: process return probes not available with inode-based uprobes
why:
Here is a short history of uprobes (the feature that gives systemtap user probes):
- original uprobes (with both function entry and return probes): RHEL5 era kernels (needs kernel utrace), in an external kernel module
- uprobes v2 (with both function entry and return probes): RHEL6 era kernels (needs kernel utrace), in an external kernel module
- inode uprobes (with function entry probes): current kernels, doesn't need kernel utrace, built into the kernel
Your kernel has inode uprobes, which doesn't support function return probes yet. There have been some work in this area, but I don't believe that functionality has quite made it into the kernel yet.In the meantime, you might be able to switch to the dyninst runtime (--runtime=dyninst or --dyninst). This is a new, somewhat experimental runtime, that does probing purely in userspace. You won't be able to use dyninst if your script uses any kernel probing features (like 'kernel.function').
18.查看RPM包安装了那些文件命令(与 rpm -qf /lib64/libc.so.6 相对)
rpm -ql glibc-2.5-123.el5_11.1
/usr/lib/gconv/gconv-modules
/usr/lib/gconv/gconv-modules.cache
/usr/lib/gconv/libCNS.so
/usr/lib/gconv/libGB.so
/usr/lib/gconv/libISOIR165.so
/usr/lib/gconv/libJIS.so
/usr/lib/gconv/libJISX0213.so
/usr/lib/gconv/libKSC.so
/usr/libexec/getconf
/usr/libexec/getconf/POSIX_V6_ILP32_OFF32
/usr/libexec/getconf/POSIX_V6_ILP32_OFFBIG
/usr/sbin/glibc_post_upgrade.i686
/usr/sbin/iconvconfig
----
内核升极2.6.18 升级到 2.6.32 装systemtap 原创的更多相关文章
- redhat server 5.3内核升极2.6.18 升级到 3.5 装systemtap 原创
1. 在 LINUX 3.5源代码目录下执行 yum install ncurses-devel make menuconfig 2 打开内核跟踪事件,用于SYSTEMTAP跟踪 kern ...
- struts2.3.23升级到struts2.3.32
新的漏洞 3月8号去审计厅培训系统的使用,那边计算机中心的负责人递过来一张如下图所示的文档,意思是发现了struts2的漏洞,需要进行修复. 在培训前,我登录到服务器中,看到了项目中,所有的服务器中应 ...
- Struts2高位漏洞升级到struts2.3.32
Struts2高位漏洞升级到struts2.3.32 3月7日带来了一个高危漏洞Struts2漏洞——CVE编号CVE-2017-5638.其原因是由于Apache Struts2的Jakarta M ...
- Ubuntu中升极下载4.2内核
http://tech.hexun.com/2015-09-11/179027013.html 从这段话中所表达出的意思可以了解,Linux Kernel 4.3版本已经开始进行,Linus Torv ...
- centos2.6.18升级到2.6.39
本来想升级到最新版本4.6的,但是不成功,即使3.4也不成功,暂且先升级到2.x最新版本. 步骤如下: 一 下载源码 https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/ ...
- 沧桑巨变中焕发青春活力-记极1s HC5661A 打怪升级之路
最近发现一个新货umaxhosting年付10美元的便宜VPS.2杯喜茶的价格可以让你在国外拥有一个1024MB (1GB) DDR3 RAM.1024MB (1GB) vSwap.70GB RAID ...
- glibc-2.18升级
1.下载文件下载地址:https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/gnu/glibc/glibc-2.18.tar.gz 2.安装部署解压tar -zxvf glibc- ...
- react-router 从 v3 版本升到 v4 版本,升级小记
react-router v4 跟 react 一样拆成了两部分,核心的 react-router 和依运行环境而定的 react-router-dom 或 react-router-native(跟 ...
- EPOLL内核原理极简图文解读(转)
预备知识:内核poll钩子原理内核函数poll_wait把当前进程加入到驱动里自定义的等待队列上 当驱动事件就绪后,就可以在驱动里自定义的等待队列上唤醒调用poll的进程 故poll_wait作用:可 ...
随机推荐
- java基础79 会话管理(Cookie技术、Session技术)
1.概念 会话管理:管理浏览器和服务器之间会话过程中产生的会话数据. Cookie技术:会话数据保存到浏览器客户端.[存 编号/标记(id)] Session技术:会话技术会保存到 ...
- 适合新手的web开发环境
学习web开发,环境搭建是必不可少的一个环节.你可以使用wamp一键安装包,或者使用sae.bae.gae这种PaaS平台来部署,或者安装*nix系统在本地部署. 对于一个希望体验LAMP式建站的新手 ...
- 100+torch的基础操作
官网: torch 各种操作,做个翻译,以后查阅 Tensors torch.is_tensor 如果 obj 是 pytorch 张量,则返回 True. torch.is_storage ...
- pomelo 安装
1. 安装nodejs ,python ,C++运行环境(VS2012以上版本) 2.npm install -g node-gyp --registry=https://registry.npm.t ...
- 7-13 Power Calculus 快速幂计算 uva1374
想到快速幂 但是这题用不上 用迭代加深搜索 注意启发函数为 当前最大数<<(maxx-d) 如果大于n则剪枝 注意跳出语句的两种写法 一种170ms 一种390ms !!! d ...
- 解决命令行运行python文件,出现No module named *** 报错问题
有时候在一个项目中运行的时候,可能是之前已经mark成sources root 你自己忘记了, 于是就在命令行也执行python文件,然后就出现 No module named *** 等 相关你认为 ...
- 链路跟踪技术traceId的总结和实践
目录 写作背景 什么是链路跟踪 目前常见的链路跟踪技术及其优缺点 链路跟踪技术的实现原理 代码示例 背景 由于最近系统上线后,访问量达,出现线上问题后往往无从下手排查,即使打印了很多日志,依然无法快速 ...
- windows上springboot打war部署tomcat小记
web项目,需要部署到云主机里去,现在windows里试一下. springboot项目,主要流程就只是打成war包后扔到tomcat里去,但是由于是springboot项目,有一些需要注意的地方,这 ...
- web项目使用配置web.xml实现重定向
1.实现方式 使用servlet和servlet-mapping实现重定向 <!-- vip登录页面做特殊处理 --> <servlet> <servlet-name&g ...
- 在Windows上安装FFmpeg程序
原文地址:http://helloway.blog.51cto.com/7666282/1642247 FFmpeg是一套可以用来记录.转换数字音频.视频,并能将其转化为流的开源计算机程序.它提供了录 ...