Android——sqlite3 基本命令操作

平时用到database的地方不多，这里记录一下shell终端下直接对db的基本操作！

撰写不易,转载请注明出处：http://blog.csdn.net/jscese/article/details/40016701

一.概念：

sqlite3 为android所使用的轻量级数据库，小巧方便，用于管理android系统中的各种db文件，在ubuntu中能够安装sqliteman 来查看android系统中的db文件，Framework中的接口位置：/frameworks/base/core/java/android/database/sqlite/SQLiteDatabase.java

二.shell使用：

我使用的是ubuntu的minicom下的shell终端。以系统setting的database为例，文件夹为：/data/data/com.android.providers.settings/databases/setting.db

cd 到databases文件夹下。打开数据库文件：sqlite3 setting.db

SQLite version 3.7.11 2012-03-20 11:35:50
Enter ".help" for instructions
Enter SQL statements terminated with a ";"
sqlite>

能够看到SQL版本号，以及简单提示，使用SQL语句时须要以 “；” 分号结尾！

sqlite3 *.db 打开数据库，假设存在就打开操作，假设不存在就创建，改动之后可以保存创建。

使用.help 查看帮助：

.backup ?DB? FILE      Backup DB (default "main") to FILE
.bail ON|OFF           Stop after hitting an error.  Default OFF
.databases             List names and files of attached databases
.dump ?TABLE?
 
...      Dump the database in an SQL text format
                         If TABLE specified, only dump tables matching
                         LIKE pattern TABLE.
.echo ON|OFF           Turn command echo on or off
.exit                  Exit this program
.explain ?ON|OFF?
 
Turn output mode suitable for EXPLAIN on or off.
                         With no args, it turns EXPLAIN on.
.header(s) ON|OFF      Turn display of headers on or off
.help                  Show this message
.import FILE TABLE     Import data from FILE into TABLE
.indices ?TABLE?
 
Show names of all indices
                         If TABLE specified, only show indices for tables
                         matching LIKE pattern TABLE.
.log FILE|off          Turn logging on or off.  FILE can be stderr/stdout
.mode MODE ?TABLE?     Set output mode where MODE is one of:
                         csv      Comma-separated values
                         column   Left-aligned columns.  (See .width)
                         html     HTML <table> code
                         insert   SQL insert statements for TABLE
                         line     One value per line
                         list     Values delimited by .separator string
                         tabs     Tab-separated values
                         tcl      TCL list elements
.nullvalue STRING      Print STRING in place of NULL values
.output FILENAME       Send output to FILENAME
.output stdout         Send output to the screen
.prompt MAIN CONTINUE  Replace the standard prompts
.quit                  Exit this program
.read FILENAME         Execute SQL in FILENAME
.restore ?DB? FILE     Restore content of DB (default "main") from FILE
.schema ?TABLE?        Show the CREATE statements
                         If TABLE specified, only show tables matching
                         LIKE pattern TABLE.
.separator STRING      Change separator used by output mode and .import
.show                  Show the current values for various settings
.stats ON|OFF          Turn stats on or off
.tables ?TABLE?        List names of tables
                         If TABLE specified, only list tables matching
                         LIKE pattern TABLE.
.timeout MS            Try opening locked tables for MS milliseconds
.vfsname ?AUX?         Print the name of the VFS stack
.width NUM1 NUM2 ...   Set column widths for "column" mode
.timer ON|OFF          Turn the CPU timer measurement on or off
sqlite> .help
.backup ?DB? FILE      Backup DB (default "main") to FILE
.bail ON|OFF           Stop after hitting an error.  Default OFF
.databases             List names and files of attached databases
 
sqlite>
sqlite>
sqlite> .help
.backup ?DB?
 
FILE      Backup DB (default "main") to FILE
.bail ON|OFF           Stop after hitting an error.  Default OFF
.databases             List names and files of attached databases
.dump ?TABLE?
 
...      Dump the database in an SQL text format
                         If TABLE specified, only dump tables matching
                         LIKE pattern TABLE.
.echo ON|OFF           Turn command echo on or off
.exit                  Exit this program
.explain ?
 
ON|OFF?      Turn output mode suitable for EXPLAIN on or off.
                         With no args, it turns EXPLAIN on.
.header(s) ON|OFF      Turn display of headers on or off
.help                  Show this message
.import FILE TABLE     Import data from FILE into TABLE
.indices ?TABLE?       Show names of all indices
                         If TABLE specified, only show indices for tables
                         matching LIKE pattern TABLE.
.log FILE|off          Turn logging on or off.  FILE can be stderr/stdout
.mode MODE ?TABLE?     Set output mode where MODE is one of:
                         csv      Comma-separated values
                         column   Left-aligned columns.  (See .width)
                         html     HTML <table> code
                         insert   SQL insert statements for TABLE
                         line     One value per line
                         list     Values delimited by .separator string
                         tabs     Tab-separated values
                         tcl      TCL list elements
.nullvalue STRING      Print STRING in place of NULL values
.output FILENAME       Send output to FILENAME
.output stdout         Send output to the screen
.prompt MAIN CONTINUE  Replace the standard prompts
.quit                  Exit this program
.read FILENAME         Execute SQL in FILENAME
.restore ?DB? FILE     Restore content of DB (default "main") from FILE
.schema ?
 
TABLE?        Show the CREATE statements
                         If TABLE specified, only show tables matching
                         LIKE pattern TABLE.
.separator STRING      Change separator used by output mode and .import
.show                  Show the current values for various settings
.stats ON|OFF          Turn stats on or off
.tables ?
 
TABLE?        List names of tables
                         If TABLE specified, only list tables matching
                         LIKE pattern TABLE.
.timeout MS            Try opening locked tables for MS milliseconds
.vfsname ?AUX?         Print the name of the VFS stack
.width NUM1 NUM2 ...   Set column widths for "column" mode
.timer ON|OFF          Turn the CPU timer measurement on or off

能够看到所支持的命令，当中经常使用的：

.database 显示数据库信息；包括当前数据库的位置

.tables 或者 .table 显示表名称没有表则不显示

.schema 命令能够查看创建数据对象时的SQL命令；

默认情况，使用 select * from system 查看system表的所有数据：

sqlite> select * from system;
1|volume_music|15
2|volume_ring|5
3|volume_system|7
4|volume_voice|4
5|volume_alarm|6
6|volume_notification|5
7|volume_bluetooth_sco|7
...

能够看到是列表的形式显示出来的，并且ID name value 都是以 “ | ” 分隔开来，切割符号由 .separator "X" 来定义。X即为切割符！

使用 .mode culumn 之后：

sqlite> .mode column
sqlite> select * from system;
1           volume_music  15
2           volume_ring   5
3           volume_syste  7
4           volume_voice  4
5           volume_alarm  6
6           volume_notif  5
7           volume_bluet  7

其他类似，都仅仅是为了改变输出的格式而已。

1.创建指令：

sqlite> .schema system
CREATE TABLE system (_id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,name TEXT UNIQUE ON CONFLICT REPLACE,value TEXT);
CREATE INDEX systemIndex1 ON system (name);

创建的时候指定參数和属性，这里有三个，而且自增，关于数据类型：

NULL: 这个值为空值

INTEGER: 值被标识为整数,根据值的大小能够依次被存储为1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8个字节

REAL: 全部值都是浮动的数值,被存储为8字节的IEEE浮动标记序号.

TEXT: 文本. 值为文本字符串,使用数据库编码存储(TUTF-8, UTF-16BE or UTF-16-LE).

BLOB: 值是BLOB数据,怎样输入就怎样存储,不改变格式.

2.插入数据：

sqlite> .mode insert
sqlite> select * from system;
INSERT INTO table VALUES(1,'volume_music','15');
INSERT INTO table VALUES(2,'volume_ring','5');
INSERT INTO table VALUES(3,'volume_system','7');
INSERT INTO table VALUES(4,'volume_voice','4');
INSERT INTO table VALUES(5,'volume_alarm','6');
INSERT INTO table VALUES(6,'volume_notification','5');
INSERT INTO table VALUES(7,'volume_bluetooth_sco','7');

如我要在system表里面插入一条数据：

insert into system values('45','sqlite','jscese');

这里插入数据要跟创建的时候数量要相应，不然会报：

Error: table table_name has * columns but * values were supplied

3.查询指定数据：

sqlite> select * from system where name='sqlite';
INSERT INTO table VALUES(45,'sqlite','jscese');

依据表类型值来筛选查询，这里表的属性有 _id ,name,value ,可在创建命令中看到！

4.删除数据：

delete from system where value='jscese';

删除整个表：drop table table_name

5.更新表数据：

45|sqlite|jscese
sqlite> update system set name='sqlite3' where value='jscese';
sqlite> select * from system where value='jscese';
45|sqlite3|jscese

6.操作问题：

在使用SQL指令之后没有加分号就 enter，会进入输入模式，这个时候再补上一个。分号就可以：

sqlite> select * from system
   ...> ;

我直接在minicom下使用 sqlite 无法识别上下左右方向键，以及回退键！

出现 ^[[A ^H 这种乱码。

网上别人给出的。我没试过～http://ljhzzyx.blog.163.com/blog/static/3838031220102595026789/

本机终端adb shell 是能够识别回退键的

一般退出sqlite3 使用 .quit

实在退不出 ...> 模式就使用 ctrl+D 强退！