Java 搭建 RabbitMq 消息中间件

前言

当系统中出现“生产“和“消费“的速度或稳定性等因素不一致的时候，就需要消息队列。

名词

• exchange： 交换机
• routingkey： 路由key
• queue：队列
• 控制台端口：15672

　  exchange和queue是需要绑定在一起的，然后消息发送到exchange再由exchange通过routingkey发送到对应的队列中。

使用场景

• 1.技能订单3分钟自动取消，改变状态
• 2.直播开始前15分钟提醒
• 3.直播状态自动结束

参考链接

　　https://juejin.im/entry/5a17909a518825329314397d
　　https://www.jianshu.com/p/ea953f633466

流程

　　生产者发送消息 —> order_pre_exchange交换机 —> order_per_ttl_delay_queue队列

　　—> 时间到期 —> order_delay_exchange交换机 —> order_delay_process_queue队列 —> 消费者

第一步：在pom文件中添加

<dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>

第二步：在application.properties文件中添加

spring.rabbitmq.host=172.xx.xx.xxx
spring.rabbitmq.port=5672
spring.rabbitmq.username=rabbit
spring.rabbitmq.password=123456
spring.rabbitmq.virtual-host=/
spring.rabbitmq.connection-timeout=15000

spring.rabbitmq.publisher-confirms=true
spring.rabbitmq.publisher-returns=true
spring.rabbitmq.template.mandatory=true

第三步：配置 OrderQueueConfig

  1 package com.tuohang.platform.config;
  2
  3 import org.springframework.amqp.core.Binding;
  4 import org.springframework.amqp.core.BindingBuilder;
  5 import org.springframework.amqp.core.DirectExchange;
  6 import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
  7 import org.springframework.amqp.core.QueueBuilder;
  8 import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.ConnectionFactory;
  9 import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.SimpleMessageListenerContainer;
 10 import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.adapter.MessageListenerAdapter;
 11 import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
 12 import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
 13
 14
 15 /**
 16  * rabbitMQ的队列设置（生产者发送的消息，永远是先进入exchange，再通过路由，转发到队列）
 17  *
 18  *
 19  * @author Administrator
 20  * @version 1.0
 21  * @Date 2018年9月18日
 22  */
 23 @Configuration
 24 public class OrderQueueConfig {
 25
 26     /**
 27      * 订单缓冲交换机名称
 28      */
 29     public final static String ORDER_PRE_EXCHANGE_NAME = "order_pre_exchange";
 30
 31     /**
 32      * 发送到该队列的message会在一段时间后过期进入到order_delay_process_queue 【队列里所有的message都有统一的失效时间】
 33      */
 34     public final static String ORDER_PRE_TTL_DELAY_QUEUE_NAME = "order_pre_ttl_delay_queue";
 35
 36     /**
 37      * 订单的交换机DLX 名字
 38      */
 39     final static String ORDER_DELAY_EXCHANGE_NAME = "order_delay_exchange";
 40
 41     /**
 42      * 订单message时间过期后进入的队列，也就是订单实际的消费队列
 43      */
 44     public final static String ORDER_DELAY_PROCESS_QUEUE_NAME = "order_delay_process_queue";
 45
 46     /**
 47      * 订单在缓冲队列过期时间（毫秒）30分钟
 48      */
 49     public final static int ORDER_QUEUE_EXPIRATION = 1800000;
 50
 51     /**
 52      * 订单缓冲交换机
 53      *
 54      * @return
 55      */
 56     @Bean
 57     public DirectExchange preOrderExange() {
 58         return new DirectExchange(ORDER_PRE_EXCHANGE_NAME);
 59     }
 60
 61     /**
 62      * 创建order_per_ttl_delay_queue队列，订单消息经过缓冲交换机，会进入该队列
 63      *
 64      * @return
 65      */
 66     @Bean
 67     public Queue delayQueuePerOrderTTLQueue() {
 68         return QueueBuilder.durable(ORDER_PRE_TTL_DELAY_QUEUE_NAME)
 69                 .withArgument("x-dead-letter-exchange", ORDER_DELAY_EXCHANGE_NAME) // DLX
 70                 .withArgument("x-dead-letter-routing-key", ORDER_DELAY_PROCESS_QUEUE_NAME) // dead letter携带的routing key
 71                 .withArgument("x-message-ttl", ORDER_QUEUE_EXPIRATION) // 设置订单队列的过期时间
 72                 .build();
 73     }
 74
 75     /**
 76      * 将order_pre_exchange绑定到order_pre_ttl_delay_queue队列
 77      *
 78      * @param delayQueuePerOrderTTLQueue
 79      * @param preOrderExange
 80      * @return
 81      */
 82     @Bean
 83     public Binding queueOrderTTLBinding(Queue delayQueuePerOrderTTLQueue, DirectExchange preOrderExange) {
 84         return BindingBuilder.bind(delayQueuePerOrderTTLQueue).to(preOrderExange).with(ORDER_PRE_TTL_DELAY_QUEUE_NAME);
 85     }
 86
 87     /**
 88      * 创建订单的DLX exchange
 89      *
 90      * @return
 91      */
 92     @Bean
 93     public DirectExchange delayOrderExchange() {
 94         return new DirectExchange(ORDER_DELAY_EXCHANGE_NAME);
 95     }
 96
 97     /**
 98      * 创建order_delay_process_queue队列，也就是订单实际消费队列
 99      *
100      * @return
101      */
102     @Bean
103     public Queue delayProcessOrderQueue() {
104         return QueueBuilder.durable(ORDER_DELAY_PROCESS_QUEUE_NAME).build();
105     }
106
107     /**
108      * 将DLX绑定到实际消费队列
109      *
110      * @param delayProcessOrderQueue
111      * @param delayExchange
112      * @return
113      */
114     @Bean
115     public Binding dlxOrderBinding(Queue delayProcessOrderQueue, DirectExchange delayOrderExchange) {
116         return BindingBuilder.bind(delayProcessOrderQueue).to(delayOrderExchange).with(ORDER_DELAY_PROCESS_QUEUE_NAME);
117     }
118
119     /**
120      * 监听订单实际消费者队列order_delay_process_queue
121      *
122      * @param connectionFactory
123      * @param processReceiver
124      * @return
125      */
126     @Bean
127     public SimpleMessageListenerContainer orderProcessContainer(ConnectionFactory connectionFactory,
128             OrderProcessReceiver processReceiver) {
129         SimpleMessageListenerContainer container = new SimpleMessageListenerContainer();
130         container.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory);
131         container.setQueueNames(ORDER_DELAY_PROCESS_QUEUE_NAME); // 监听order_delay_process_queue
132         container.setMessageListener(new MessageListenerAdapter(processReceiver));
133         return container;
134     }
135 }

消费者 OrderProcessReceiver ：

 1 package com.tuohang.platform.config;
 2
 3 import java.util.Objects;
 4
 5 import org.apache.tools.ant.types.resources.selectors.Date;
 6 import org.slf4j.Logger;
 7 import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
 8 import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
 9 import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.ChannelAwareMessageListener;
10 import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
11 import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
12
13 /**
14  * 订单延迟处理消费者
15  *
16  *
17  * @author Administrator
18  * @version 1.0
19  * @Date 2018年9月18日
20  */
21 @Component
22 public class OrderProcessReceiver implements ChannelAwareMessageListener {
23
24     private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(OrderProcessReceiver.class);
25
26     String msg = "The failed message will auto retry after a certain delay";
27
28     @Override
29     public void onMessage(Message message, Channel channel) throws Exception {
30         try {
31             processMessage(message);
32         } catch (Exception e) {
33             // 如果发生了异常，则将该消息重定向到缓冲队列，会在一定延迟之后自动重做
34             channel.basicPublish(OrderQueueConfig.ORDER_PRE_EXCHANGE_NAME, OrderQueueConfig.ORDER_PRE_TTL_DELAY_QUEUE_NAME, null,
35                     msg.getBytes());
36         }
37     }
38
39     /**
40      * 处理订单消息，如果订单未支付，取消订单（如果当消息内容为FAIL_MESSAGE的话，则需要抛出异常）
41      *
42      * @param message
43      * @throws Exception
44      */
45     public void processMessage(Message message) throws Exception {
46         String realMessage = new String(message.getBody());
47         logger.info("Received <" + realMessage + ">");
48         // 取消订单
49         if(!Objects.equals(realMessage, msg)) {
50 //            SpringKit.getBean(ITestService.class).resetSexById(Long.valueOf(realMessage));
51             System.out.println("测试111111-----------"+new Date());
52             System.out.println(message);
53         }
54     }
55 }

或者

 1 /**
 2  * 测试 rabbit 消费者
 3  *
 4  *
 5  * @author Administrator
 6  * @version 1.0
 7  * @Date 2018年9月25日
 8  */
 9 @Component
10 @RabbitListener(queues = TestQueueConfig.TEST_DELAY_PROCESS_QUEUE_NAME)
11 public class TestProcessReceiver {
12
13     private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(TestProcessReceiver.class);
14
15     String msg = "The failed message will auto retry after a certain delay";
16
17     @RabbitHandler
18     public void onMessage(Message message, Channel channel) throws Exception {
19         try {
20             processMessage(message);
21             //告诉服务器收到这条消息 已经被我消费了 可以在队列删掉；否则消息服务器以为这条消息没处理掉 后续还会在发
22             channel.basicAck(message.getMessageProperties().getDeliveryTag(), false);
23         } catch (Exception e) {
24             // 如果发生了异常，则将该消息重定向到缓冲队列，会在一定延迟之后自动重做
25             channel.basicPublish(TestQueueConfig.TEST_PRE_EXCHANGE_NAME, TestQueueConfig.TEST_PRE_TTL_DELAY_QUEUE_NAME, null,
26                     msg.getBytes());
27         }
28     }
29
30     /**
31      * 处理订单消息，如果订单未支付，取消订单（如果当消息内容为FAIL_MESSAGE的话，则需要抛出异常）
32      *
33      * @param message
34      * @throws Exception
35      */
36     public void processMessage(Message message) throws Exception {
37         String realMessage = new String(message.getBody());
38         logger.info("Received < " + realMessage + " >");
39         // 取消订单
40         if(!Objects.equals(realMessage, msg)) {
41             System.out.println("测试111111-----------"+new Date());
42         }else {
43             System.out.println("rabbit  else...");
44         }
45     }
46 }

生产者

 1 /**
 2      * 测试rabbitmq
 3      *
 4      * @return
 5      */
 6     @RequestMapping(value = "/testrab")
 7     public String testraa() {
 8         GenericResult gr = null;
 9         try {
10             String name = "test_pre_ttl_delay_queue";
11    long expiration = 10000;//10s 过期时间
12             rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(name,String.valueOf(123456));
13  // 在单个消息上设置过期时间
14  //rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(name,(Object)String.valueOf(123456), new ExpirationMessagePostProcessor(expiration));
15
16
17         } catch (ServiceException e) {
18             e.printStackTrace();
19             gr = new GenericResult(StateCode.ERROR, languageMap.get("network_error"), e.getMessage());
20         }
21
22         return getWrite(gr);
23     }