升级linux内核(2.6.32->3.10.81)，安装docker

1.内核升级环境准备

#查看已经安装的和未安装的软件包组，来判断我们是否安装了相应的开发环境和开发库； yum grouplist #一般是安装这两个软件包组，这样做会确定你拥有编译时所需的一切工具 yum groupinstall "Development Tools" #你必须这样才能让 make *config 这个指令正确地执行 yum install ncurses-devel #如果你没有 X 环境，这一条可以不用 yum install qt-devel #创建 CentOS-6 内核时需要它们 yum install hmaccalc zlib-devel binutils-devel elfutils-libelf-devel

2.开始升级内核：

 cd /usr/src/linux-3.10.81
 #复制原内核配置
 cp /boot/config-2.6.32-71.el6.x86_64 .config
 vim .config
 /*将如下内容 追加入.config 并保存
    CONFIG_NF_NAT_IPV4=y
    CONFIG_IP_NF_TARGET_MASQUERADE=y
    CONFIG_NETFILTER_XT_MATCH_ADDRTYPE=y
    CONFIG_MEMCG_SWAP=y
    CONFIG_MEMCG_SWAP_ENABLED=y
    CONFIG_AUFS_FS=y
    CONFIG_DM_THIN_PROVISIONING=y
    CONFIG_OVERLAY_FS=y
    CONFIG_CGROUP_PERF=y
    CONFIG_CFS_BANDWIDTH=y
    HYPERVISOR_GUEST=y
    CONFIG_VMWARE_BALLOON=m
 */
 #编辑内核配置，开启内核CGROUP支持
 make menuconfig
 #选择General setup-->Control Group support->Memory Resource Controller for Control Groups选中
 #自动整理.config
 sh -c 'yes "" | make oldconfig'
 #编译并安装内核(j8代表8个线程同时编译，请根据你的机器情况设置）
 make -j8 bzImage && make -j8 modules && make -j8 modules_install && make install
 vim /etc/grub.conf
 修改default=0保存。即选择从你新编译的内核启动linux。
 #重启
 reboot 
 #注意：重新编译内核请运行
 cd /usr/src/linux-3.10.81
 make mrproper
 make clean

3.安装docker

#启动后
uname -r
返回3.10.81表示内核安装并启动成功
#rehl的docker安装说明https://docs.docker.com/installation/rhel/
#如下是安装说明的简化：
#a.下载docker的rpm
wget https://get.docker.com/rpm/1.7.0/centos-6/RPMS/x86_64/docker-engine-1.7.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
#本地安装rpm包
 sudo yum localinstall --nogpgcheck docker-engine-1.7.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
#启动docker服务
sudo service docker start 这里等价于docker -d 
#如果要追加参数请修改/etc/sysconfig/docker 这个文件 如：加入other_args=" -s vfs"
-s 是指定使用的文件系统，默认是devicemapper 也可以是vfs 或aufs(ubuntu的）
我的在这里使用默认的devicemapper没有启动成功。请看FAQ#
#运行docker的最简镜像
docker run hello-world
#docker image/ps/search/pull 等等正常就成功了
#登入容器
docker exec -ti 26723dc2509a /bin/bash

4.FAQ有两个问题还没有解决

ERRO[0000] [graphdriver] prior storage driver "devicemapper" failed: exit status 1
FATA[0000] Error starting daemon: error initializing graphdriver: exit status 1
出现上述错误有如下解决办法！
*1. yum upgrade device-mapper-libs 再次启动看是否可以
2. 使用另一种文件系统试一下如：docker -d -s vfs 默认是devicemapper系统 还可以使用aufs
3.#至此如果还是没有启动docker-daemon守护服务，那就用下面的方法把docker版本降低试下*。
*并在/etc/yum.repos.d/hop5.repo中添加yum源内容*
[hop5]
name=www.hop5.in Centos Repository
baseurl=http://www.hop5.in/yum/el6/
gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-HOP5
保存并更新cache
yum makecache
安装docker-io
yum install docker-io
再次运行
docker -d
成功！
**上面第3步，启动docker-daemon不成功，可能是我的线上机器是虚拟机的问题所以加上 -s vfs 就启动成功了。**
##宿主机不能正常ping容器的ip
注意宿主（host)的iptables设置。
##ip netns “Object "netns" is unknown, try "ip help".\n'”报错错误 请安装如下包:
wget https://repos.fedorapeople.org/openstack/EOL/openstack-grizzly/epel-6/iproute-2.6.32-130.el6ost.netns.2.x86_64.rpm

5.安装aufs文件系统

cd /etc/yum.repos.d
wget http://www.hop5.in/yum/el6/hop5.repo
yum install kernel-ml-aufs
docker -d -s aufs #使用aufs文件系统启动docker服务

快速安装方法

sudo yum install -y http://vault.centos.org/6.6/os/x86_64/Packages/device-mapper-libs-1.02.90-2.el6.x86_64.rpm http://vault.centos.org/6.6/os/x86_64/Packages/device-mapper-1.02.90-2.el6.x86_64.rpm http://vault.centos.org/6.6/os/x86_64/Packages/device-mapper-event-1.02.90-2.el6.x86_64.rpm http://vault.centos.org/6.6/os/x86_64/Packages/device-mapper-event-libs-1.02.90-2.el6.x86_64.rpm https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/testing/6/x86_64/docker-io-1.6.2-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

更多参考：http://dirlt.com/docker.html

示例：
启动容器：docker run -d ubuntu /bin/sh -c “while true; do echo hello world; sleep 2; done”
容器里执行：docker exec ubuntu /bin/sh -c “ls /;”

更简单的升级内核方法，经测试成功！
这里通过yum快速升级CentOS 6.x内核到3.10：
# rpm -ivh http://www.elrepo.org/elrepo-release-6-5.el6.elrepo.noarch.rpm
# yum --enablerepo=elrepo-kernel install kernel-lt -y
在grub.conf中确认装好的内核在哪个位置：
# vi /etc/grub.conf
default=0
重启系统，后查看内核信息：
# uname -r
3.10.65-1.el6.elrepo.x86_64

检查docker依赖环境的脚本check-config.sh

#!/usr/bin/env bash
set -e
# bits of this were adapted from lxc-checkconfig
# see also https://github.com/lxc/lxc/blob/lxc-1.0.2/src/lxc/lxc-checkconfig.in
possibleConfigs=(
    '/proc/config.gz'
    "/boot/config-$(uname -r)"
    "/usr/src/linux-$(uname -r)/.config"
    '/usr/src/linux/.config'
)
if [ $# -gt 0 ]; then
    CONFIG="$1"
else
    : ${CONFIG:="${possibleConfigs[0]}"}
fi
if ! command -v zgrep &> /dev/null; then
    zgrep() {
        zcat "$2" | grep "$1"
    }
fi
is_set() {
    zgrep "CONFIG_$1=[y|m]" "$CONFIG" > /dev/null
}
# see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ANSI_escape_code#Colors
declare -A colors=(
    [black]=30
    [red]=31
    [green]=32
    [yellow]=33
    [blue]=34
    [magenta]=35
    [cyan]=36
    [white]=37
)
color() {
    color=()
    if [ "$1" = 'bold' ]; then
        color+=( '1' )
        shift
    fi
    if [ $# -gt 0 ] && [ "${colors[$1]}" ]; then
        color+=( "${colors[$1]}" )
    fi
    local IFS=';'
    echo -en '\033['"${color[*]}"m
}
wrap_color() {
    text="$1"
    shift
    color "$@"
    echo -n "$text"
    color reset
    echo
}
wrap_good() {
    echo "$(wrap_color "$1" white): $(wrap_color "$2" green)"
}
wrap_bad() {
    echo "$(wrap_color "$1" bold): $(wrap_color "$2" bold red)"
}
wrap_warning() {
    wrap_color >&2 "$*" red
}
check_flag() {
    if is_set "$1"; then
        wrap_good "CONFIG_$1" 'enabled'
    else
        wrap_bad "CONFIG_$1" 'missing'
    fi
}
check_flags() {
    for flag in "$@"; do
        echo "- $(check_flag "$flag")"
    done
}
if [ ! -e "$CONFIG" ]; then
    wrap_warning "warning: $CONFIG does not exist, searching other paths for kernel config..."
    for tryConfig in "${possibleConfigs[@]}"; do
        if [ -e "$tryConfig" ]; then
            CONFIG="$tryConfig"
            break
        fi
    done
    if [ ! -e "$CONFIG" ]; then
        wrap_warning "error: cannot find kernel config"
        wrap_warning "  try running this script again, specifying the kernel config:"
        wrap_warning "    CONFIG=/path/to/kernel/.config $0 or $0 /path/to/kernel/.config"
        exit 1
    fi
fi
wrap_color "info: reading kernel config from $CONFIG ..." white
echo
echo 'Generally Necessary:'
echo -n '- '
cgroupSubsystemDir="$(awk '/[, ](cpu|cpuacct|cpuset|devices|freezer|memory)[, ]/ && $3 == "cgroup" { print $2 }' /proc/mounts | head -n1)"
cgroupDir="$(dirname "$cgroupSubsystemDir")"
if [ -d "$cgroupDir/cpu" -o -d "$cgroupDir/cpuacct" -o -d "$cgroupDir/cpuset" -o -d "$cgroupDir/devices" -o -d "$cgroupDir/freezer" -o -d "$cgroupDir/memory" ]; then
    echo "$(wrap_good 'cgroup hierarchy' 'properly mounted') [$cgroupDir]"
else
    if [ "$cgroupSubsystemDir" ]; then
        echo "$(wrap_bad 'cgroup hierarchy' 'single mountpoint!') [$cgroupSubsystemDir]"
    else
        echo "$(wrap_bad 'cgroup hierarchy' 'nonexistent??')"
    fi
    echo "    $(wrap_color '(see https://github.com/tianon/cgroupfs-mount)' yellow)"
fi
if [ "$(cat /sys/module/apparmor/parameters/enabled 2>/dev/null)" = 'Y' ]; then
    echo -n '- '
    if command -v apparmor_parser &> /dev/null; then
        echo "$(wrap_good 'apparmor' 'enabled and tools installed')"
    else
        echo "$(wrap_bad 'apparmor' 'enabled, but apparmor_parser missing')"
        echo -n '    '
        if command -v apt-get &> /dev/null; then
            echo "$(wrap_color '(use "apt-get install apparmor" to fix this)')"
        elif command -v yum &> /dev/null; then
            echo "$(wrap_color '(your best bet is "yum install apparmor-parser")')"
        else
            echo "$(wrap_color '(look for an "apparmor" package for your distribution)')"
        fi
    fi
fi
flags=(
    NAMESPACES {NET,PID,IPC,UTS}_NS
    DEVPTS_MULTIPLE_INSTANCES
    CGROUPS CGROUP_CPUACCT CGROUP_DEVICE CGROUP_FREEZER CGROUP_SCHED CPUSETS
    MACVLAN VETH BRIDGE
    NF_NAT_IPV4 IP_NF_FILTER IP_NF_TARGET_MASQUERADE
    NETFILTER_XT_MATCH_{ADDRTYPE,CONNTRACK}
    NF_NAT NF_NAT_NEEDED
    # required for bind-mounting /dev/mqueue into containers
    POSIX_MQUEUE
)
check_flags "${flags[@]}"
echo
echo 'Optional Features:'
{
    check_flags MEMCG_SWAP
    check_flags MEMCG_SWAP_ENABLED
    if  is_set MEMCG_SWAP && ! is_set MEMCG_SWAP_ENABLED; then
        echo "    $(wrap_color '(note that cgroup swap accounting is not enabled in your kernel config, you can enable it by setting boot option "swapaccount=1")' bold black)"
    fi
}
flags=(
    RESOURCE_COUNTERS
    CGROUP_PERF
    CFS_BANDWIDTH
)
check_flags "${flags[@]}"
echo '- Storage Drivers:'
{
    echo '- "'$(wrap_color 'aufs' blue)'":'
    check_flags AUFS_FS | sed 's/^/  /'
    if ! is_set AUFS_FS && grep -q aufs /proc/filesystems; then
        echo "    $(wrap_color '(note that some kernels include AUFS patches but not the AUFS_FS flag)' bold black)"
    fi
    check_flags EXT4_FS_POSIX_ACL EXT4_FS_SECURITY | sed 's/^/  /'
    echo '- "'$(wrap_color 'btrfs' blue)'":'
    check_flags BTRFS_FS | sed 's/^/  /'
    echo '- "'$(wrap_color 'devicemapper' blue)'":'
    check_flags BLK_DEV_DM DM_THIN_PROVISIONING EXT4_FS EXT4_FS_POSIX_ACL EXT4_FS_SECURITY | sed 's/^/  /'
    echo '- "'$(wrap_color 'overlay' blue)'":'
    check_flags OVERLAY_FS EXT4_FS_SECURITY EXT4_FS_POSIX_ACL | sed 's/^/  /'
} | sed 's/^/  /'
echo
#echo 'Potential Future Features:'
#check_flags USER_NS
#echo