Split Array Largest Sum LT410

Given an array which consists of non-negative integers and an integer m, you can split the array into m non-empty continuous subarrays. Write an algorithm to minimize the largest sum among these m subarrays.

Examples:

Input:
nums = [7,2,5,10,8]
m = 2

Output:
18

Explanation:
There are four ways to split nums into two subarrays.
The best way is to split it into [7,2,5] and [10,8],
where the largest sum among the two subarrays is only 18.

Note:
If n is the length of array, assume the following constraints are satisfied:

• 1 ≤ n ≤ 1000
• 1 ≤ m ≤ min(50, n)

Idea 1. dynmaic programming, similar to Capacity To Ship Packages Within D Days LT1011

dp(i)(m) = min(i <= k <= n - m) max(prefixSum(k+1) - prefixSum(i), dp(k+1)(m-1))

Note: prefixSum integer overflow, pls use long.

Time complexity: O(mn^2)

Space complexity: O(n)

 class Solution {
     public int splitArray(int[] nums, int m) {
         int n = nums.length;

         long[] prefixSum = new long[n+1];
         for(int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) {
             prefixSum[i] = prefixSum[i-1] + nums[i-1];
         }

         long[] dp = new long[n];
         for(int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
             dp[i] = prefixSum[n] - prefixSum[i];
         }

         for(int split = 2; split <= m; ++split) {
             for(int i = 0; i <= n -split; ++i) {
                 for(int k = i; k <= n - split; ++k) {
                     long val = Math.max(prefixSum[k+1] - prefixSum[i], dp[k+1]);
                     dp[i] = Math.min(dp[i], val);
                     // if(val <= dp[i]) { //positive optimisation
                     //     dp[i] = val;
                     // }
                     // else {
                     //     break;
                     // }
                 }
             }
         }

         return (int)dp[0];
     }
 }

Idea 2. binary search

search space: min = max(max(nums), sum(nums)/m), max = sum(nums)

 class Solution {
     private int checkSplits(int[] nums, int load) {
         int splits = 1;
         int sum = 0;
         for(int num: nums) {
             if(sum + num > load) {
                 ++splits;
                 sum = num;
             }
             else sum += num;
         }
         return splits;
     }
     public int splitArray(int[] nums, int m) {
         int n = nums.length;

         long sum = 0;
         int minSum = 0;
         for(int num: nums) {
             minSum = Math.max(minSum, num);
             sum += num;
         }

         int maxSum = (int)(sum);
         minSum = Math.max(minSum, (int)(sum-1)/m + 1);
         while(minSum < maxSum) {
             int mid = minSum + (maxSum - minSum)/2;
             int splits = checkSplits(nums, mid);
             if(splits <= m) {
                 maxSum = mid;
             }
             else {
                 minSum = mid + 1;
             }
         }
         return minSum;
     }
 }