首先说一下这个3节点MongoDB集群各个维度的数据规模:

1、dataSize: 1.9T

2、storageSize: 600G

3、全量备份-加压缩开关:186G,耗时 8h

4、全量备份-不加压缩开关:1.8T,耗时 4h27m

具体导出的语法比较简单,此处不再赘述,本文重点描述导入的优化过程,最后给出导入的最佳实践。

■ 2023-09-13T20:00 第1次4并发导入测试

mongorestore --port=20000 -uadmin -p'passwd' --authenticationDatabase=admin --numInsertionWorkersPerCollection=4 --bypassDocumentValidation -d likingtest /u01/nfs/xxxxx_mongodb/10.1.1.1/20230913/likingtest >> 10.2.2.2.log 2>&1 &
tail -100f /u01/nfs/xxxxx_mongodb/10.1.1.1/20230913/10.2.2.2.log
以上导入:
2023-09-13T21:59:55.452+0800 The --db and --collection flags are deprecated for this use-case; please use --nsInclude instead, i.e. with --nsInclude=${DATABASE}.${COLLECTION}
2023-09-13T21:59:55.452+0800 building a list of collections to restore from /u01/nfs/xxxxx_mongodb/10.1.1.1/20230913/likingtest dir
2023-09-13T21:59:55.466+0800 reading metadata for likingtest.oprceConfiguration from /u01/nfs/xxxxx_mongodb/10.1.1.1/20230913/likingtest/oprceConfiguration.metadata.json
2023-09-13T21:59:55.478+0800 reading metadata for likingtest.oprceDataObj from /u01/nfs/xxxxx_mongodb/10.1.1.1/20230913/likingtest/oprceDataObj.metadata.json
2023-09-13T21:59:55.491+0800 reading metadata for likingtest.oprcesDataObjInit from /u01/nfs/xxxxx_mongodb/10.1.1.1/20230913/likingtest/oprcesDataObjInit.metadata.json
2023-09-13T21:59:55.503+0800 reading metadata for likingtest.role from /u01/nfs/xxxxx_mongodb/10.1.1.1/20230913/likingtest/role.metadata.json
2023-09-13T21:59:55.508+0800 reading metadata for likingtest.activityConfiguration from /u01/nfs/xxxxx_mongodb/10.1.1.1/20230913/likingtest/activityConfiguration.metadata.json
2023-09-13T21:59:55.511+0800 reading metadata for likingtest.history_task from /u01/nfs/xxxxx_mongodb/10.1.1.1/20230913/likingtest/history_task.metadata.json
2023-09-13T21:59:55.512+0800 reading metadata for likingtest.resOutRelDataSnapshot from /u01/nfs/xxxxx_mongodb/10.1.1.1/20230913/likingtest/resOutRelDataSnapshot.metadata.json
2023-09-13T21:59:55.520+0800 reading metadata for likingtest.snapshotResource from /u01/nfs/xxxxx_mongodb/10.1.1.1/20230913/likingtest/snapshotResource.metadata.json
2023-09-13T21:59:55.524+0800 reading metadata for likingtest.oprceDataObjDraft from /u01/nfs/xxxxx_mongodb/10.1.1.1/20230913/likingtest/oprceDataObjDraft.metadata.json
2023-09-13T21:59:55.526+0800 reading metadata for likingtest.oprceDataObjInit from /u01/nfs/xxxxx_mongodb/10.1.1.1/20230913/likingtest/oprceDataObjInit.metadata.json
2023-09-13T21:59:55.761+0800 restoring likingtest.snapshotResource from /u01/nfs/xxxxx_mongodb/10.1.1.1/20230913/likingtest/snapshotResource.bson
...
2023-09-13T22:00:01.451+0800 [........................] likingtest.oprceDataObj 408MB/1205GB (0.0%)
...
2023-09-13T21:59:58.323+0800 finished restoring likingtest.oprceDataObjDraft (1559 documents, 0 failures)
2023-09-13T22:00:01.034+0800 finished restoring likingtest.resOutRelDataSnapshot (34426 documents, 0 failures)
2023-09-13T22:00:01.559+0800 finished restoring likingtest.history_task (3629 documents, 0 failures)
2023-09-13T22:00:02.086+0800 finished restoring likingtest.activityConfiguration (974 documents, 0 failures)
2023-09-13T22:00:02.293+0800 finished restoring likingtest.oprceConfiguration (162 documents, 0 failures)
2023-09-13T22:00:02.529+0800 finished restoring likingtest.oprcesDataObjInit (4 documents, 0 failures)
2023-09-13T22:00:02.857+0800 finished restoring likingtest.role (10 documents, 0 failures)
2023-09-13T22:00:29.153+0800 [########################] likingtest.snapshotResource 2.04GB/2.04GB (100.0%)
2023-09-13T22:00:29.155+0800 finished restoring likingtest.snapshotResource (50320 documents, 0 failures)
...
2023-09-14T00:18:58.451+0800 [############............] likingtest.oprceDataObj 651GB/1205GB (54.0%)
2023-09-14T00:18:59.857+0800 [########################] likingtest.oprceDataObjInit 635GB/635GB (100.0%)
2023-09-14T00:18:59.888+0800 finished restoring likingtest.oprceDataObjInit (43776648 documents, 0 failures)
...
2023-09-14T02:05:58.904+0800 [########################] likingtest.oprceDataObj 1205GB/1205GB (100.0%)
2023-09-14T02:05:58.937+0800 finished restoring likingtest.oprceDataObj (53311330 documents, 0 failures)
2023-09-14T02:05:58.945+0800 no indexes to restore for collection likingtest.activityConfiguration
2023-09-14T02:05:58.945+0800 no indexes to restore for collection likingtest.history_task
2023-09-14T02:05:58.945+0800 restoring indexes for collection likingtest.oprcesDataObjInit from metadata
2023-09-14T02:05:58.976+0800 index: &idx.IndexDocument{Options:primitive.M{"name":"flowId_1_activityConfiguration.activityNameEn_1", "ns":"likingtest.oprcesDataObjInit", "v":2}, Key:primitive.D{primitive.E{Key:"flowId", Value:1}, primitive.E{Key:"activityConfiguration.activityNameEn", Value:1}}, PartialFilterExpression:primitive.D(nil)}
2023-09-14T02:05:58.976+0800 index: &idx.IndexDocument{Options:primitive.M{"name":"oprceInfo.oprceInstID_1_activityInfo.activityInstID_1_workitemInfo.workItemID_1", "ns":"likingtest.oprcesDataObjInit", "v":2}, Key:primitive.D{primitive.E{Key:"oprceInfo.oprceInstID", Value:1}, primitive.E{Key:"activityInfo.activityInstID", Value:1}, primitive.E{Key:"workitemInfo.workItemID", Value:1}}, PartialFilterExpression:primitive.D(nil)}
2023-09-14T02:05:58.976+0800 no indexes to restore for collection likingtest.role
2023-09-14T02:05:58.976+0800 no indexes to restore for collection likingtest.snapshotResource
2023-09-14T02:05:58.976+0800 no indexes to restore for collection likingtest.oprceDataObjDraft
2023-09-14T02:05:58.976+0800 restoring indexes for collection likingtest.oprceDataObjInit from metadata
2023-09-14T02:05:58.976+0800 index: &idx.IndexDocument{Options:primitive.M{"name":"oprceInfo.oprceInstID_1_activityInfo.activityInstID_1_workitemInfo.workItemID_1", "ns":"likingtest.oprceDataObjInit", "v":2}, Key:primitive.D{primitive.E{Key:"oprceInfo.oprceInstID", Value:1}, primitive.E{Key:"activityInfo.activityInstID", Value:1}, primitive.E{Key:"workitemInfo.workItemID", Value:1}}, PartialFilterExpression:primitive.D(nil)}
2023-09-14T02:05:58.976+0800 index: &idx.IndexDocument{Options:primitive.M{"name":"flowNo_1", "ns":"likingtest.oprceDataObjInit", "v":2}, Key:primitive.D{primitive.E{Key:"flowNo", Value:1}}, PartialFilterExpression:primitive.D(nil)}
2023-09-14T02:05:58.976+0800 no indexes to restore for collection likingtest.oprceConfiguration
2023-09-14T02:05:58.976+0800 no indexes to restore for collection likingtest.resOutRelDataSnapshot
2023-09-14T02:05:58.976+0800 restoring indexes for collection likingtest.oprceDataObj from metadata
2023-09-14T02:05:58.976+0800 index: &idx.IndexDocument{Options:primitive.M{"name":"flowId_1_activityConfiguration.activityNameEn_1", "ns":"likingtest.oprceDataObj", "v":2}, Key:primitive.D{primitive.E{Key:"flowId", Value:1}, primitive.E{Key:"activityConfiguration.activityNameEn",Value:1}}, PartialFilterExpression:primitive.D(nil)}
2023-09-14T02:05:58.976+0800 index: &idx.IndexDocument{Options:primitive.M{"name":"flowNo_1", "ns":"likingtest.oprceDataObj", "v":2}, Key:primitive.D{primitive.E{Key:"flowNo", Value:1}}, PartialFilterExpression:primitive.D(nil)}
2023-09-14T02:05:58.976+0800 index: &idx.IndexDocument{Options:primitive.M{"name":"oprceInfo.oprceInstID_1_activityInfo.activityInstID_1_workitemInfo.workItemID_1", "ns":"likingtest.oprceDataObj", "v":2}, Key:primitive.D{primitive.E{Key:"oprceInfo.oprceInstID", Value:1}, primitive.E{Key:"activityInfo.activityInstID", Value:1}, primitive.E{Key:"workitemInfo.workItemID", Value:1}}, PartialFilterExpression:primitive.D(nil)}
2023-09-14T02:05:58.976+0800 index: &idx.IndexDocument{Options:primitive.M{"name":"flowId_1_activityConfiguration.activityNameEn_1", "ns":"likingtest.oprceDataObjInit", "v":2}, Key:primitive.D{primitive.E{Key:"flowId", Value:1}, primitive.E{Key:"activityConfiguration.activityNameEn", Value:1}}, PartialFilterExpression:primitive.D(nil)}
2023-09-14T03:45:47.152+0800 97179062 document(s) restored successfully. 0 document(s) failed to restore.

可见:

1、配置并发参数 --numInsertionWorkersPerCollection=4 和 检查参数 bypassDocumentValidation 后,restore速度大大提升,1.2T 的一个大集合 oprceDataObj,由原来默认restore方式约 12h,降为:4h

2、restore完所有数据以后,最后再restore索引,restore索引还是需要一定的时间,本次耗时:1h40m【注:实际没有成功,索引并未生效】

3、新版本的 -d -c 参数需统一修改为:--nsInclude --nsFrom= --nsTo=

■ 2023-09-14T10:40 第2次8并发导入测试

mongorestore --port=20000 -uadmin -p'passwd' --authenticationDatabase=admin --numInsertionWorkersPerCollection=8 --bypassDocumentValidation -d likingtest /u01/nfs/xxxxx_mongodb/10.1.1.1/20230914/likingtest >> 10.2.2.2.log 2>&1 &
tail -100f /u01/nfs/xxxxx_mongodb/10.1.1.1/20230914/10.2.2.2.log
---
2023-09-14T10:40:45.492+0800 The --db and --collection flags are deprecated for this use-case; please use --nsInclude instead, i.e. with --nsInclude=${DATABASE}.${COLLECTION}
...
2023-09-14T10:40:48.493+0800 [........................] likingtest.oprceDataObj 112MB/1208GB (0.0%)
...
2023-09-14T12:57:34.859+0800 [########################] likingtest.oprceDataObj 1208GB/1208GB (100.0%)
2023-09-14T12:57:34.867+0800 finished restoring likingtest.oprceDataObj (53413481 documents, 0 failures)

可见:

1、配置并发参数 --numInsertionWorkersPerCollection=8 和 检查参数 --bypassDocumentValidation 后,restore速度再次大大提升,1.2T的一个大集合 oprceDataObj,由原来默认restore方式约 12h,降为:2h17m

2、本次恢复采用nfs备份恢复,一台8C的虚机,8并发恢复时cpu占用约40%,网络接收速度300MB/s左右,本地磁盘写入速度在30-200MB/s左右,可见网络带段不是瓶颈。可以预见,如果采用更高的主机配置,尤其是IO更好的磁盘,resotore时间必将更少。

■ 2023-09-14T16:10 第3次12并发导入测试

【注意】由于新版本mongorestore摒弃了-d -c参数,虽然可用但使用不够灵活,因此需使用新参数--nsInclude,对于该参数的使用,摸索了多次才找到使用的限制条件,即 directory 必须为数据库备份的根目录/上一级目录,而不是 数据库目录!即类似 dumpdir/20230914,而不是 dumpdir/20230914/database!这是一个巨大的坑,切记!当然,这个目录下一定不能有其他不可识别的文件,否则也会报错。

mongorestore --port=20000 -uadmin -p'passwd' --authenticationDatabase=admin --numInsertionWorkersPerCollection=12 --bypassDocumentValidation --nsInclude="likingtest.*" /u01/nfs/xxxxx_mongodb/10.1.1.1/20230914 > 20230914.10.2.2.2-3.log 2>&1 &
tail -100f /u01/nfs/xxxxx_mongodb/10.1.1.1/20230914.10.2.2.2-3.log
---
2023-09-14T16:10:19.245+0800 preparing collections to restore from
...
2023-09-14T18:18:18.996+0800 [########################] likingtest.oprceDataObj 1208GB/1208GB (100.0%)
2023-09-14T18:18:19.014+0800 finished restoring likingtest.oprceDataObj (53413481 documents, 0 failures)

可见:

1、并发由 8 增至 12 并无效率提升,结论是 6-8 个并发就可以,这一点与oracle的并发导入设置为 6 基本是最佳实践类似。

2、本次恢复采用nfs备份恢复,一台8C的虚机,12并发恢复时cpu占用约60%,网络接收速度300MB/s左右,本地磁盘写入速度在30-500MB/s左右,可见网络带段不是瓶颈。可以预见,如果采用更高的主机配置,尤其是IO更好的磁盘,resotore时间必将更少。

3、关于索引的restore,restore时首先恢复数据,最后再创建索引,比较大的集合的索引创建还是需要较多的时间:

      currentOpTime: '2023-09-14T20:23:59.435+08:00',
...
command: {
createIndexes: 'oprceDataObj',
indexes: [
{
key: { flowId: 1, 'activityConfiguration.activityNameEn': 1 },
name: 'flowId_1_activityConfiguration.activityNameEn_1',
ns: 'likingtest.oprceDataObj'
},
{
key: { flowNo: 1 },
name: 'flowNo_1',
ns: 'likingtest.oprceDataObj'
},
{
key: {
'oprceInfo.oprceInstID': 1,
'activityInfo.activityInstID': 1,
'workitemInfo.workItemID': 1
},
name: 'oprceInfo.oprceInstID_1_activityInfo.activityInstID_1_workitemInfo.workItemID_1',
ns: 'likingtest.oprceDataObj'
}
],
.....
currentOpTime: '2023-09-14T20:23:59.489+08:00',
...
command: {
createIndexes: 'oprcesDataObjInit',
indexes: [
{
key: { flowId: 1, 'activityConfiguration.activityNameEn': 1 },
name: 'flowId_1_activityConfiguration.activityNameEn_1',
ns: 'likingtest.oprcesDataObjInit'
},
{
key: {
'oprceInfo.oprceInstID': 1,
'activityInfo.activityInstID': 1,
'workitemInfo.workItemID': 1
},
name: 'oprceInfo.oprceInstID_1_activityInfo.activityInstID_1_workitemInfo.workItemID_1',
ns: 'likingtest.oprcesDataObjInit'
}
],
......第二天再看,还没创建完索引:
currentOpTime: '2023-09-15T09:16:16.460+08:00',
effectiveUsers: [ { user: 'admin', db: 'admin' } ],
runBy: [ { user: '__system', db: 'local' } ],
threaded: true,
opid: 'shard1:11312917',
lsid: {
id: new UUID("e78379ff-9664-46b1-9e87-2bdd4abc5c5f"),
uid: Binary.createFromBase64("O0CMtIVItQN4IsEOsJdrPL8s7jv5xwh5a/A5Qfvs2A8=", 0)
},
secs_running: Long("53877"),
microsecs_running: Long("53877330742"),
op: 'command',
ns: 'likingtest.oprcesDataObjInit',
redacted: false,
command: {
createIndexes: 'oprcesDataObjInit',
......第二天满24h,还没创建完索引:
currentOpTime: '2023-09-15T18:55:16.877+08:00',
effectiveUsers: [ { user: 'admin', db: 'admin' } ],
runBy: [ { user: '__system', db: 'local' } ],
threaded: true,
opid: 'shard1:11312917',
lsid: {
id: new UUID("e78379ff-9664-46b1-9e87-2bdd4abc5c5f"),
uid: Binary.createFromBase64("O0CMtIVItQN4IsEOsJdrPL8s7jv5xwh5a/A5Qfvs2A8=", 0)
},
secs_running: Long("88617"),
microsecs_running: Long("88617747875"),
op: 'command',
ns: 'likingtest.oprcesDataObjInit',
redacted: false,
command: {
createIndexes: 'oprcesDataObjInit',
indexes: [
{
key: { flowId: 1, 'activityConfiguration.activityNameEn': 1 },
name: 'flowId_1_activityConfiguration.activityNameEn_1',
ns: 'likingtest.oprcesDataObjInit'
},

以上可见,mongorestore 导入数据库的数据效率目前是基本可控、可接受的,至少对于1.2T的大集合是可以接受的,但是最后的索引创建实在过于缓慢,且没有找到合适的解决办法:索引需多并发执行创建,且确保索引生效,本次索引创建最后并未生效

■ 2023-09-15T19:02 第4次10并发导入测试,不恢复索引

mongorestore --port=20000 -uadmin -p'passwd' --authenticationDatabase=admin --numInsertionWorkersPerCollection=10 --bypassDocumentValidation --nsInclude="likingtest.*" --nsFrom="likingtest.*" --nsTo="likingtest.*" --noIndexRestore /u01/nfs/xxxxx_mongodb/10.1.1.1/20230914 > 20230914.10.2.2.2-4.log 2>&1 &
tail -100f /u01/nfs/xxxxx_mongodb/10.1.1.1/20230914.10.2.2.2-4.log
2023-09-15T19:02:59.747+0800 preparing collections to restore from
...
2023-09-15T21:24:36.145+0800 [########################] likingtest.oprceDataObj 1208GB/1208GB (100.0%)
2023-09-15T21:24:36.161+0800 finished restoring likingtest.oprceDataObj (53413481 documents, 0 failures)
2023-09-15T21:24:36.165+0800 97367732 document(s) restored successfully. 0 document(s) failed to restore.

以上可见,耗时:2h22m

结论

1、restore 时需设置大数据量 collection 多并发导入:--numInsertionWorkersPerCollection=8

2、不恢复索引:--noIndexRestore

3、数据恢复后,后台创建索引:本站搜索"MongoDB 重建索引"

【最佳实践】MongoDB导出导入数据的更多相关文章

  1. mongoDB导出-导入数据

    --导出数据集 C:\MongoDB\db\bin>mongoexport -d ttx-xwms-test -c things -o d:\mongo_data\things.txt C:\M ...

  2. mongodb导出导入数据

    在使用mongodump导出单个表的时候,遇到了一个错误 # mongodump --host xxx --port 27017 --username 'admin' -p '123456' -d 数 ...

  3. MongoDB中导入数据命令的使用(mongoimport)

    MongoDB中导入数据命令的使用(mongoimport) 制作人:全心全意 语法: mongoimport <options> <file> 介绍: 该命令可以将CSV,T ...

  4. GreenPlum/postgres copy命令导出/导入数据

    一.COPY命令简单实用 1.copy在postgres与GreenPlum介绍 1.1 postgrespostgres的COPY命令可以快速的导出/导入数据到postgresql数据库中,支持常用 ...

  5. mongodb导出导入实例记录

    mongodb导出导入实例记录 平时很用mongodb,所以用到了,就需要去网上搜索方法,干脆将自己的实际经历记录下来,方便日后使用. # 大致需求 源库:db_name_mongo 源IP:192. ...

  6. mongodb使用自带命令工具导出导入数据

    记录 mongo 数据库用原生自带的命令工具使用 json 文件方式进行导入.导出的操作! 在一次数据更新中,同事把老数据进行了清空操作,但是新的逻辑数据由于某种原因(好像是她的电脑中病毒了),一直无 ...

  7. BCP 导出导入数据(SQL Server)

    BCP指令工具可通过安装SQL Server获得. 1. 根据现有的数据库生成表的format文件(导入导出数据的时候需要) bcp db_test.dbo.Table1 format nul -c ...

  8. 使用BCP导出导入数据

    bcp 实用工具可以在 Microsoft SQL Server 实例和用户指定格式的数据文件间大容量复制数据. 使用 bcp 实用工具可以将大量新行导入 SQL Server 表,或将表数据导出到数 ...

  9. oracle 导出导入数据

    在window的运行中输出cmd,然后执行下面的一行代码, imp blmp/blmp@orcl full=y file=D:\blmp.dmp OK,问题解决.如果报找不到该blmp.dmp文件,就 ...

  10. 【Teradata Utility】使用SQL Assistant导出导入数据

    1.导出 (1)选择菜单栏File,点击Export Results,输入导出数据的SQL: select * from etl_data.soure_table; (2)选择导出数据格式为txt或h ...

随机推荐

  1. 我和ChatGPT聊数字人

    ​ 近期,聊天机器人ChatGPT火了,写诗写文写代码,才艺狠狠拉满. 面对如此"会聊"的ChatGPT,很多人好奇相同的问题提问ChatGPT和真人,会有什么样的结果? 于是我们 ...

  2. EasyExcel · 写excel

    原文地址 通用数据生成 后面不会重复写 private List<DemoData> data() { List<DemoData> list = ListUtils.newA ...

  3. (四) MdbCluster分布式内存数据库——业务消息处理

    (四) MdbCluster分布式内存数据库--业务消息处理   上篇:(三) MdbCluster分布式内存数据库--节点状态变化及分片调整   离上次更新文章已有快5个月,我还是有点懒.但我们系统 ...

  4. OOP第三次大作业

    前言 前言的前言 快期末,也一直在等这次作业发布,我现在只能说终于等到了!!!跟上一个Blog的时间相隔比较大,内容也比较多,涉及范围也比较广7-11次小练习,废话不多说,直接开始吧.如果对我blog ...

  5. hadoop 启动增加DEBUG信息

    export HADOOP_ROOT_LOGGER=DEBUG,console

  6. 宝塔面板配合tomcat部署静态资源网站

    在宝塔中安装下图所示软件 第一步:上传代码到服务器 第二步,点击JAVA项目一键部署 点击添加项目 第一次使用时项目版本是为空的,点击下方的版本管理进行安装 需要填写的选项 至此配置完成 访问方式 i ...

  7. mysql注释的方法

    单行注释:"#", "--", 多行注释:/**/ 参考链接:https://www.cnblogs.com/JiangLe/articles/6897403. ...

  8. 加密解决HTTP协议带来的安全问题

    HTTP协议默认是采取明文传输的,容易被中间人窃听.拦截.篡改,存在安全隐患. 常见提高安全性的方法是对通信内容进行加密,再进行传输,常见的加密方式有 不可逆加密:单向散列函数 可逆加密:对称加密.非 ...

  9. mysql8数据转移到mysql5

    源MySQL版本:8.0.20 目标MySQL版本:5.7.19 使用mysqldump.mysqlpump等工具备份源数据库的数据为sql文件 将sql文件里的utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci ...

  10. Unity UGUI的Toggle(复选框)组件的介绍及使用

    Unity UGUI的Toggle(复选框)组件的介绍及使用 1. 什么是Toggle组件? Toggle(复选框)是Unity UGUI中的一个常用组件,用于实现复选框的功能.它可以被选中或取消选中 ...