快速搭建应用服务日志收集系统(Filebeat + ElasticSearch + kibana)

概要说明

需求场景，系统环境是CentOS，多个应用部署在多台服务器上，平时查看应用日志及排查问题十分不变。索性搭建一个服务器日志收集系统，由于每日日志规模仅在G级别，所有前期暂先不搭建集群。

技术方案是 Filebeat + ElasticSearch + kibana (日志服务器上安装ElasticSearch,Kibana,其他应用服务器上安装Filebeat); 没有考虑加上Logstash,Flume，Kafka，Redis等，一是Filebeat比较轻量级，占用资源少，且可直接将日志输出到elasticsearch,仅是方便查看线上服务日志；不需要对日志字段进行解析，所以不打算引入技术太多，增加复杂性；没用Redis,原因仅是当前已有Redis集群，但主要是交易系统使用，不想增加其额外风险。

另外，当前的选用的日志服务器内存等配置不高。不适合安装过多软件，仅此而已。

也可参考我之前写的另一篇博客：

Windows下ELK-5.4.3环境搭建 http://www.cnblogs.com/huligong1234/p/7108109.html

一、安装ElasticSearch

1.安装JDK8环境

[root@app-001 src]# cd /usr/local/src/

[root@app-001 src]# rpm -qa | grep jdk

java-1.6.0-openjdk-1.6.0.41-1.13.13.1.el6_8.x86_64

[root@app-001 src]# rpm -e java-1.6.0-openjdk-1.6.0.41-1.13.13.1.el6_8.x86_64

[root@app-001 src]# curl -L -O http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/8u144-b01/090f390dda5b47b9b721c7dfaa008135/jdk-8u144-linux-x64.rpm?AuthParam=1506173332_32b98eb52c8955419974ec3efcba2209

[root@app-001 src]# rpm -ivh jdk-8u144-linux-x64.rpm

[root@app-001 src]# java -version

2.安装ElasticSearch

[root@app-001 src]# curl -L -O https://artifacts.elastic.co/downloads/elasticsearch/elasticsearch-5.6.1.rpm

[root@app-001 src]# rpm -ivh elasticsearch-5.6.1.rpm

[root@app-001 src]# chkconfig --add elasticsearch

安装支持中文分词插件

[root@app-001 src]# /usr/share/elasticsearch/bin/elasticsearch-plugin install https://github.com/medcl/elasticsearch-analysis-ik/releases/download/v5.6.1/elasticsearch-analysis-ik-5.6.1.zip

3.配置ElasticSearch

[root@app-001 src]# vi /etc/elasticsearch/elasticsearch.yml


# ======================== Elasticsearch Configuration =========================

#

# NOTE: Elasticsearch comes with reasonable defaults for most settings.

#       Before you set out to tweak and tune the configuration, make sure you

#       understand what are you trying to accomplish and the consequences.

#

# The primary way of configuring a node is via this file. This template lists

# the most important settings you may want to configure for a production cluster.

#

# Please consult the documentation for further information on configuration options:

# https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/index.html

#

# ---------------------------------- Cluster -----------------------------------

#

# Use a descriptive name for your cluster:

#

#cluster.name: my-application

#

# ------------------------------------ Node ------------------------------------

#

# Use a descriptive name for the node:

#

node.name: node-1

#

# Add custom attributes to the node:

#

#node.attr.rack: r1

#

# ----------------------------------- Paths ------------------------------------

#

# Path to directory where to store the data (separate multiple locations by comma):

#

#path.data: /data/elasticsearch/data

#

# Path to log files:

#

#path.logs: /data/elasticsearch/logs

#

# ----------------------------------- Memory -----------------------------------

#

# Lock the memory on startup:

#

bootstrap.memory_lock: true

#

# Make sure that the heap size is set to about half the memory available

# on the system and that the owner of the process is allowed to use this

# limit.

#

# Elasticsearch performs poorly when the system is swapping the memory.

#

# ---------------------------------- Network -----------------------------------

#

# Set the bind address to a specific IP (IPv4 or IPv6):

#

network.host: 192.168.1.106

#

# Set a custom port for HTTP:

#

http.port: 9200

#

# For more information, consult the network module documentation.

#

# --------------------------------- Discovery ----------------------------------

#

# Pass an initial list of hosts to perform discovery when new node is started:

# The default list of hosts is ["127.0.0.1", "[::1]"]

#

#discovery.zen.ping.unicast.hosts: ["host1", "host2"]

#

# Prevent the "split brain" by configuring the majority of nodes (total number of master-eligible nodes / 2 + 1):

#

#discovery.zen.minimum_master_nodes: 3

#

# For more information, consult the zen discovery module documentation.

#

# ---------------------------------- Gateway -----------------------------------

#

# Block initial recovery after a full cluster restart until N nodes are started:

#

#gateway.recover_after_nodes: 3

#

# For more information, consult the gateway module documentation.

#

# ---------------------------------- Various -----------------------------------

#

# Require explicit names when deleting indices:

#

#action.destructive_requires_name: true

http.cors.enabled: true

http.cors.allow-origin: "*"

#http.cors.allow-origin: "esmgr.domain.com"

注意：如果CentOS版本低于7.0还需要进行如下配置调整

bootstrap.memory_lock: false

bootstrap.system_call_filter: false

如果非内网访问，network.host需改成如下配置：

network.host: 0.0.0.0

4.启动ElasticSearch

[root@app-001 src]# service elasticsearch start

[root@app-001 src]# curl "http://192.168.1.234:9200" #查看启动情况

5.防火墙放开iptables 9200端口，允许内网其他机器访问

[root@app-001 src]# vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables

增加如下内容：

-A INPUT -s 192.168.1.0/24 -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 9200 -j ACCEPT

[root@app-001 src]# service iptables restart

二、安装Filebeat

1.下载

[root@app-001 src]# curl -L -O https://artifacts.elastic.co/downloads/beats/filebeat/filebeat-5.6.1-x86_64.rpm

2.安装

[root@app-001 src]# rpm -ivh filebeat-5.6.1-x86_64.rpm

[root@app-001 src]# chkconfig --add filebeat

3.配置

[root@app-001 src]# vi /etc/filebeat/filebeat.yml


###################### Filebeat Configuration Example #########################

# This file is an example configuration file highlighting only the most common

# options. The filebeat.full.yml file from the same directory contains all the

# supported options with more comments. You can use it as a reference.

#

# You can find the full configuration reference here:

# https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/beats/filebeat/index.html

#=========================== Filebeat prospectors =============================

filebeat.prospectors:

# Each - is a prospector. Most options can be set at the prospector level, so

# you can use different prospectors for various configurations.

# Below are the prospector specific configurations.

- input_type: log

  # Paths that should be crawled and fetched. Glob based paths.

  paths:

    #- /var/log/*.log

    - /opt/tomcat-myapp/logs/myapp.log

    - /data/production/tomcat-myapp/logs/catalina.out

    #- c:\programdata\elasticsearch\logs\*

  fields_under_root: true

  fields:

    log_type: myapp

  tags: ["myapp","tomcat-log"]

  # Exclude lines. A list of regular expressions to match. It drops the lines that are

  # matching any regular expression from the list.

  exclude_lines: ["^DBG"]

  # Include lines. A list of regular expressions to match. It exports the lines that are

  # matching any regular expression from the list.

  #include_lines: ["^ERR", "^WARN"]

  # Exclude files. A list of regular expressions to match. Filebeat drops the files that

  # are matching any regular expression from the list. By default, no files are dropped.

  #exclude_files: [".gz$"]

  # Optional additional fields. These field can be freely picked

  # to add additional information to the crawled log files for filtering

  #fields:

  #  level: debug

  #  review: 1

  ### Multiline options

  # Mutiline can be used for log messages spanning multiple lines. This is common

  # for Java Stack Traces or C-Line Continuation

  # The regexp Pattern that has to be matched. The example pattern matches all lines starting with [

  multiline.pattern: ^\[

  # Defines if the pattern set under pattern should be negated or not. Default is false.

  #multiline.negate: false

  # Match can be set to "after" or "before". It is used to define if lines should be append to a pattern

  # that was (not) matched before or after or as long as a pattern is not matched based on negate.

  # Note: After is the equivalent to previous and before is the equivalent to to next in Logstash

  multiline.match: after

  encoding: utf-8

- input_type: log

  paths:

    - /opt/tomcat-apiserver/logs/apiserver.log

    - /data/production/tomcat-apiserver/logs/catalina.out

  fields_under_root: true

  fields:

    log_type: apiserver

  tags: ["tomcat-log"]

  encoding: utf-8

  exclude_lines: ["^DBG"]

  multiline.pattern: ^\[

  multiline.match: after

- input_type: log

  paths:

    - /usr/local/tengine/logs/error.log

  fields_under_root: true

  fields:

    log_type: nginx-error

  tags: ["nginx-log"]

  encoding: utf-8

- input_type: log

  paths:

    - /var/log/*.log

  fields_under_root: true

  fields:

    log_type: system

  tags: ["system-log"]

  encoding: utf-8

#================================ General =====================================

# The name of the shipper that publishes the network data. It can be used to group

# all the transactions sent by a single shipper in the web interface.

#name:

# The tags of the shipper are included in their own field with each

# transaction published.

#tags: ["service-X", "web-tier"]

# Optional fields that you can specify to add additional information to the

# output.

fields:

    log_host: ip-106

#  env: staging

#================================ Outputs =====================================

# Configure what outputs to use when sending the data collected by the beat.

# Multiple outputs may be used.

#-------------------------- Elasticsearch output ------------------------------

output.elasticsearch:

  # Array of hosts to connect to.

  hosts: ["192.168.1.106:9200"]

  # Optional protocol and basic auth credentials.

  #protocol: "https"

  #username: "elastic"

  #password: "changeme"

#----------------------------- Logstash output --------------------------------

#output.logstash:

  # The Logstash hosts

  #hosts: ["localhost:5044"]

  # Optional SSL. By default is off.

  # List of root certificates for HTTPS server verifications

  #ssl.certificate_authorities: ["/etc/pki/root/ca.pem"]

  # Certificate for SSL client authentication

  #ssl.certificate: "/etc/pki/client/cert.pem"

  # Client Certificate Key

  #ssl.key: "/etc/pki/client/cert.key"

#================================ Logging =====================================

# Sets log level. The default log level is info.

# Available log levels are: critical, error, warning, info, debug

#logging.level: debug

# At debug level, you can selectively enable logging only for some components.

# To enable all selectors use ["*"]. Examples of other selectors are "beat",

# "publish", "service".

#logging.selectors: ["*"]

4.启动

[root@app-001 src]# /usr/bin/filebeat.sh -configtest

[root@app-001 src]# service filebeat start

[root@app-001 src]# service filebeat status #检查状态

[root@app-001 src]# tail -f /var/log/filebeat/filebeat

三、安装kibana

1.下载

[root@app-001 src]# curl -L -O https://artifacts.elastic.co/downloads/kibana/kibana-5.6.1-x86_64.rpm

2.安装

[root@app-001 src]# rpm -ivh kibana-5.6.1-x86_64.rpm

[root@app-001 src]# chkconfig --add kibana

3.配置

[root@app-001 src]# vi /etc/kibana/kibana.yml


server.port: 5601

server.host: "192.168.1.106"

elasticsearch.url: "http://192.168.1.106:9200"

4.启动

[root@app-001 src]# service kibana start

浏览器访问 http://192.168.1.106:5601/

四、安装插件

1.elasticsearch-head

1.1.安装NodeJS环境
[root@app-001 src]# curl --silent --location https://rpm.nodesource.com/setup_8.x | bash -

[root@app-001 src]# yum install -y nodejs

[root@app-001 src]# node -v

[root@app-001 src]# npm -v
1.2.下载 elasticsearch-head
[root@app-001 src]# wget https://codeload.github.com/mobz/elasticsearch-head/zip/master

[root@app-001 src]# unzip master
1.3.修改配置
1.3.1.修改elasticsearch.yml，增加跨域的配置(需要重启es才能生效)

http.cors.enabled: true

http.cors.allow-origin: "*"

1.3.2.编辑elasticsearch-head/Gruntfile.js，修改服务器监听地址，connect节点增加hostname属性，将其值设置为*

connect: {

    server: {

        options: {

            hostname:'*',

            port: 9100,

            base: '.',

            keepalive: true

        }

    }

}

1.3.3.编辑elasticsearch-head/_site/app.js,

修改默认es地址http://localhost:9200/为http://192.168.1.106:9200/。
1.4.启动
[root@app-001 src]# npm run start

浏览器访问 http://192.168.1.106:9100/

2.bigdesk

http://bigdesk.org/

五、使用Basic Auth给ElasticSearch和Kibana配置访问权限

1.创建密码

[root@app-001 src]# htpasswd -c /usr/local/tengine/db/passwd.db loguser

2.修改Nginx配置文件nginx.conf

[root@app-001 src]# vi /usr/local/tengine/conf/nginx.conf

		server {

			listen          80;

			server_name     esmgr.domain.com;

			auth_basic "basic auth esmgr";

			auth_basic_user_file /usr/local/nginx/db/passwd.db;

			location / {

				proxy_pass        http://192.168.1.106:9200;

			}

			location /head/ {

				proxy_pass    http://192.168.1.106:9100/;

			}

		}

3.更新Nginx生效

[root@app-001 src]# /usr/local/tengine/sbin/nginx -t

nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/tengine/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok

nginx: configuration file /usr/local/tengine/conf/nginx.conf test is successful

[root@app-001 src]# /usr/local/tengine/sbin/nginx -s reload

六、CURL查询方式示例

curl -XGET "http://192.168.1.106:9200/_search" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'

{

  "query": {

    "match": {"message": "JD_08011137015349778"}

  }

}'

curl -XGET "http://192.168.1.106:9200/_search" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'

{

  "query": {

    "match": {"log_type": "myapp"}

  },"size": 5

}'

curl -XGET "http://192.168.1.106:9200/_search" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'

{"query":{"bool":{"must":[{"match":{"message":"JD_08011137015349778"}}],"filter":[{"range":{"@timestamp":{"from":"now-1d","to":"now"}}}]}}}

'

curl -XGET "http://192.168.1.106:9200/_search" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'

{"query":{"bool":{"must":[{"match":{"message":"JD_08011137015349778"}}],"filter":[{"range":{"@timestamp":{"gte":"1506441600000","lte":"1506527999000"}}}]}}}

'

七、Java HttpClient 方式调用简单封装示例

package org.jeedevframework.common.es;

import java.text.ParseException;

import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;

import java.util.Date;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;

import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;

import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;

import org.apache.http.entity.ContentType;

import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;

import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;

import org.apache.http.params.BasicHttpParams;

import org.apache.http.params.HttpConnectionParams;

import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

import org.json.JSONArray;

import org.json.JSONException;

import org.json.JSONObject;

import org.jeedevframework.util.DateUtil;

/**

针对如下CURL请求方式的Java封装示例

curl -XGET "http://192.168.1.106:9200/_search" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'

{"query":{"bool":{"must":[{"match":{"message":"JD_08011137015349778"}}],

"filter":[{"range":{"@timestamp":{"gte":"1506441600000","lte":"1506527999000"}}}]}}}

'

 * */

public class EsQueryService {

	public static DefaultHttpClient httpClient = null;

	public static DefaultHttpClient getHttpClientInstance() {

		if (null == httpClient) {

			BasicHttpParams httpParams = new BasicHttpParams();

	        HttpConnectionParams.setConnectionTimeout(httpParams, 120000);

	        HttpConnectionParams.setSoTimeout(httpParams, 120000);

			DefaultHttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient(httpParams);

			httpClient.getParams().setParameter("http.protocol.content-charset", "UTF-8");

			return httpClient;

		}

		return httpClient;

	}

	public static String query(HttpServletRequest request) throws JSONException, ParseException {

		 String keywords = request.getParameter("keywords");

		 String startTime = request.getParameter("startTime");

		 String endTime = request.getParameter("endTime");

		 int pageSize = Integer.valueOf(StringUtils.defaultIfEmpty(request.getParameter("pageSize"), "10"));

		 String log_type = StringUtils.defaultIfEmpty(request.getParameter("log_type"), "");

		if(StringUtils.isEmpty(startTime)){

			startTime = DateUtil.format(new Date(),DateUtil.C_DATE_PATTON_DEFAULT)+" 00:00:00";

		}

		if(StringUtils.isEmpty(endTime)){

			endTime = DateUtil.format(new Date(),DateUtil.C_DATE_PATTON_DEFAULT)+" 23:59:59";

		}

		long startTimeDt = new SimpleDateFormat(DateUtil.C_TIME_PATTON_DEFAULT).parse(startTime).getTime();

		long endTimeDt = new SimpleDateFormat(DateUtil.C_TIME_PATTON_DEFAULT).parse(endTime).getTime();

		DefaultHttpClient httpClient = getHttpClientInstance();

		HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost("http://192.168.1.106:9200/_search");

		JSONObject esQueryJo = new JSONObject();

		JSONObject queryJo = new JSONObject();

		JSONObject boolJo = new JSONObject();

		//esQueryJo.put("min_score", 1.2);

		JSONArray mustJoArr = new JSONArray();

		if(StringUtils.isNotEmpty(keywords)){

			JSONObject matchJo = new JSONObject();

			matchJo.put("message", keywords);

			JSONObject matchWrapJo = new JSONObject();

			matchWrapJo.put("match", matchJo);

			mustJoArr.put(matchWrapJo);

		}

		if(StringUtils.isNotEmpty(log_type)){

			JSONObject matchJo = new JSONObject();

			matchJo.put("log_type", log_type);

			JSONObject matchWrapJo = new JSONObject();

			matchWrapJo.put("match", matchJo);

			mustJoArr.put(matchWrapJo);

		}

		JSONArray filterJoArr = new JSONArray();

		JSONObject rangeJo = new JSONObject();

		JSONObject timestampJo = new JSONObject();

		timestampJo.put("gte", startTimeDt);

		timestampJo.put("lte", endTimeDt);

		//timestampJo.put("from", "now-1d");

		//timestampJo.put("to", "now");

		rangeJo.put("@timestamp", timestampJo);

		//mustJoArr.put("match", matchJo);

		JSONObject rangeWrapJo = new JSONObject();

		rangeWrapJo.put("range", rangeJo);

		filterJoArr.put(rangeWrapJo);

		boolJo.put("must",mustJoArr);

		boolJo.put("filter",filterJoArr);

		queryJo.put("bool", boolJo);

		esQueryJo.put("query", queryJo);

		esQueryJo.put("size", pageSize);

		String esQueryString = esQueryJo.toString();

		String resultContent = "";

		if(mustJoArr.length()>0){

			StringEntity reqEntity = new StringEntity(esQueryString ,ContentType.APPLICATION_JSON);

			httpPost.setEntity(reqEntity);

			try{

				 HttpResponse resp = httpClient.execute(httpPost);

				 resultContent = EntityUtils.toString(resp.getEntity(), "UTF-8");

				 return resultContent;

			}catch(Exception e){

				e.printStackTrace();

			}finally {

			}

		}

		return "";

	}

}

八、相关参考资料



 ELK 性能(1) — Logstash 性能及其替代方案

http://www.cnblogs.com/richaaaard/p/6109595.html

CentOS下RPM安装ElasticSearch

http://www.netpc.com.cn/2361.html

Elasticsearch在Centos 7上的安装与配置

https://www.biaodianfu.com/centos-7-install-elasticsearch.html

ElasticSearch 5.0.0 安装部署常见错误或问题

http://www.dajiangtai.com/community/18136.do?origin=csdn-geek&dt=1214

elasticsearch5.0启动出现的错误

http://blog.csdn.net/qq942477618/article/details/53414983

ElasticSearch 常用的查询过滤语句

http://www.cnblogs.com/ghj1976/p/5293250.html

filebeat专题

http://www.cnblogs.com/louis2008/p/filebeat.html

filebeat.yml（中文配置详解）

http://www.cnblogs.com/zlslch/p/6622079.html

28.Filebeat的高级配置-Filebeat部分

http://blog.csdn.net/a464057216/article/details/51233375

ELK+Filebeat+Nginx集中式日志解决方案（一）

http://zhengmingjing.blog.51cto.com/1587142/1907456

ELK日志服务使用-filebeat多文件发送

http://bbotte.com/logs-service/use-elk-processing-logs-multiple-log-file-send/

初探ELK-以收集 nginx 日志为例示范搭建一个 ELK 环境的基本步骤

http://nosmoking.blog.51cto.com/3263888/1855680

filebeat+kafka+ELK5.4安装与部署

http://xiangcun168.blog.51cto.com/4788340/1933509

Filebeat5+Kafka+ELK Docker搭建日志系统

http://www.jianshu.com/p/9dfac37885cb

通过HTTP RESTful API 操作elasticsearch搜索数据

http://blog.csdn.net/stark_summer/article/details/48830493

Elasticsearch+Logstash+Kibana教程

http://www.cnblogs.com/xing901022/p/4704319.html

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