Web开发学习之路--Springmvc+Hibernate之初体验

本来想继续学习android的，可是用到了android和服务器交互，需要实现个login的功能，苦于没有这么个环境，那就只能自己来搭建了。既然已经基本上可以玩web了，那么接下来使用web开源的框架了，spring-mvc相信很多人都听说过，我也是听说了，所以想玩一下，首先下载相关的一些包啊之类的，这个是最新的http://repo.spring.io/libs-release-local/org/springframework/spring/4.2.3.RELEASE/。https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework/releases，这里用spring
mvc的4.2。

先新建一个工程吧，具体怎么建就参考上一篇文章了。因为后面需要用到login的功能，所以就直接使用了sping mvc的框架，新建工程名为EMLazyChatServer，把下载好后的spring mvc的jar包拷贝到lib目录下，因为这里还依赖两个库，害我整死了，从tomcat7搞到tomcat8，又把eclipse重新更新到java ee的，心好累，不过终于可以搞出来了，也不枉纠结了这么久。好了，这里我主要用到的库如下：

接着配置web.xml，如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  		 xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
		 xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
		 xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
		 id="WebApp_ID"
		 version="2.5">

	<filter>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
            <param-value>true</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

	<listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>  

	<context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>/WEB-INF/spring-context.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>     

    <servlet>
  		<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
  		<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
  		<init-param>
    		<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    		<param-value>/WEB-INF/spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
  		</init-param>
  		<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  	</servlet>
  	<servlet-mapping>
  		<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
  		<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  	</servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

1、这里先通过encodingFilter把格式转化为utf-8的格式，防止乱码；

2、接着注册listener，监听spring上下文容器；

3、通过contextConfigLocation，加载spring的xml配置文件到spring上下文容器中；

4、配置

spring mvc的Dispatcherservlet，初始化参数加载spring-mvc.xml到spring上下文容器中，通过mapping拦截所有的url；

接着实现spring-context.xml文件，这个文件暂时很简单，主要是一些声明之类：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.2.xsd">
</beans>

然后是spring-mvc.xml文件了：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.2.xsd">

    <!-- 启动包扫描功能，以便注册带有@Controller、@Service、@repository、@Component等注解的类成为spring的bean -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.jared.emlazychat" />

    <mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>

    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/view/"/>
    	<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
	</bean>
</beans>

1、这里先通过component-scan扫描指定的包，这里我的包是com.jared.emlazychat；

2、配置spring mvc的视图渲染器，其前缀为/WEB-INF/view，后缀为.jsp。

基本上配置好了，这里就开始为com.jared.emlazychat包创建一个Hello类，代码如下：

package com.jared.emlazychat;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

@Controller
public class Hello {
	public Hello() {}
    @RequestMapping(value = "/login/{user}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public ModelAndView myMethod(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response,
            @PathVariable("user") String user, ModelMap modelMap) throws Exception {
        modelMap.put("loginUser", user);
        return new ModelAndView("/login/hello", modelMap);
    }  

    @RequestMapping(value = "/welcome", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String registPost() {
        return "/welcome";
    } 

    @RequestMapping("index")
    public ModelAndView index(){
        //创建模型跟视图，用于渲染页面。并且指定要返回的页面为home页面
        ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView("welcome");
        return mav;
    }
}

这个通过@Controller表示是Controller，然后通过RequestMapping来表示，其中可以指定value和method方法，通过ModelAndView来返回。接着在WEB-INF下创建view目录，并且在里面生产代码welcome.jsp，代码如下：

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
	welcome spring mvc
</body>
</html>

这里就输出一句简答的话，接着在view目录下创建login目录，并且创建hello.jsp，代码如下：

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
	String path = request.getContextPath();
	String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
    你好:<%=request.getAttribute("loginUser") %>，现在时间是<%= new Date() %>
</body>
</html>

接着我们来运行测试下效果：

在浏览器中，输入http://localhost:8080/EMLazyChatServer/welcome，或者http://localhost:8080/EMLazyChatServer/index效果如下：

 
      

在浏览器中，输入http://localhost:8080/EMLazyChatServer/login/eastmoon，效果如下：

    

    好了，基本上的spring mvc就搭建好了。接下去简单地实现post的功能，并可以和手机交互了。先简单地实现下post的功能吧。

    这里用了json数据返回，因为后面会用到数据库，所以hibernate和gson。看下代码中用到的jar包吧：

    接着我们新建LoginControl，代码如下：

package com.jared.emlazychat;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.UUID;

import com.jared.emlazychat.User;
import com.jared.emlazychat.UserService;
import com.jared.emlazychat.ClientAccount;

import org.omg.PortableInterceptor.SYSTEM_EXCEPTION;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

import com.google.gson.Gson;

@Controller
public class LoginControl {
	private final static int	LOGIN_PASSWORD_ERROR	= 100;
	private final static int	LOGIN_ACCOUNT_MISS		= 101;

	private final static int	REGISTER_ACCOUNT_EXIST	= 150;

	UserService					userService;

    @RequestMapping(value = "/login", produces = "text/html;charset=UTF-8")
	@ResponseBody
	public String login(String account, String password) {
		Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
	    System.out.println("login:"+account+":"+password);
		//if (account == null || password == null) {

		if (account == null || password == null
				|| (!account.equals("test")) || (!password.equals("123"))) {
			map.put("flag", false);
			map.put("errorCode", LOGIN_ACCOUNT_MISS);
			map.put("errorString", "用户不存在");
		} else {
			User user = new User();
			user.setAccount(account);
			user.setArea("hangzhou");
		    user.setName("eastmoon");
		    user.setSex(0);
			user.setToken(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
			map.put("flag", true);
			map.put("data", ClientAccount.toAccount(user));
			/*
			User user = userService.findUserByAccount(account);
			if (user == null) {
				map.put("flag", false);
				map.put("errorCode", LOGIN_ACCOUNT_MISS);
				map.put("errorString", "用户不存在");
			} else {
				if (password.equals(user.getPassword())) {
					user.setToken(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
					userService.updateToken(user);

					user = userService.findUserByAccount(account);

					map.put("flag", true);
					map.put("data", ClientAccount.toAccount(user));
				} else {
					map.put("flag", false);
					map.put("errorCode", LOGIN_PASSWORD_ERROR);
					map.put("errorString", "用户密码错误");
				}
			}
			*/
		}
		return new Gson().toJson(map);
	}

}

    这里和数据库交互的类还没有完全完成，后续再慢慢完成，这里主要是客户端通过post到login，然后返回指定的数据给app。这里用到了其他的几个类，User类：

package com.jared.emlazychat;

import java.sql.Timestamp;

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;

import org.hibernate.annotations.GenericGenerator;

@Entity
@Table(name = "t_user")
public class User {

	@Id
	@GenericGenerator(	name = "generator",
						strategy = "uuid")
	@GeneratedValue(generator = "generator")
	@Column
	private String		id;

	@Column
	private String		account;

	@Column
	private String		name;

	@Column
	private String		phone;

	@Column
	private String		icon;

	@Column
	private String		password;

	@Column(nullable = false,
			columnDefinition = "int default 0")
	private int			state;			// 0 : 离线	1: 在线

	@Column(nullable = true)
	private Long		session;		// session 编号

	@Column
	private Timestamp	createTime;

	@Column
	private Timestamp	lastLoginTime;

	@Column
	private String		sign;			//个性签名

	@Column
	private String		area;			//地区

	@Column
	private Integer		sex;			//性别：0:未设置 1:女 2:男 3:其他

	@Column
	private String		qrPath;		//二维码存储路径

	@Column
	private String		token;

	public String getToken() {
		return token;
	}

	public void setToken(String token) {
		this.token = token;
	}

	public String getSign() {
		return sign;
	}

	public void setSign(String sign) {
		this.sign = sign;
	}

	public String getArea() {
		return area;
	}

	public void setArea(String area) {
		this.area = area;
	}

	public String getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(String id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public String getAccount() {
		return account;
	}

	public void setAccount(String account) {
		this.account = account;
	}

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

	public String getPhone() {
		return phone;
	}

	public void setPhone(String phone) {
		this.phone = phone;
	}

	public String getPassword() {
		return password;
	}

	public void setPassword(String password) {
		this.password = password;
	}

	public int getState() {
		return state;
	}

	public void setState(int state) {
		this.state = state;
	}

	public Long getSession() {
		return session;
	}

	public void setSession(Long session) {
		this.session = session;
	}

	public Timestamp getCreateTime() {
		return createTime;
	}

	public void setCreateTime(Timestamp createTime) {
		this.createTime = createTime;
	}

	public Timestamp getLastLoginTime() {
		return lastLoginTime;
	}

	public void setLastLoginTime(Timestamp lastLoginTime) {
		this.lastLoginTime = lastLoginTime;
	}

	public Integer getSex() {
		return sex;
	}

	public void setSex(Integer sex) {
		this.sex = sex;
	}

	public String getQrPath() {
		return qrPath;
	}

	public void setQrPath(String qrPath) {
		this.qrPath = qrPath;
	}

	public String getIcon() {
		return icon;
	}

	public void setIcon(String icon) {
		this.icon = icon;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "User [id=" + id + ", account=" + account + ", name=" + name + ", phone=" + phone
				+ ", icon=" + icon + ", password=" + password + ", state=" + state + ", session="
				+ session + ", createTime=" + createTime + ", lastLoginTime=" + lastLoginTime
				+ ", sign=" + sign + ", area=" + area + ", sex=" + sex + ", qrPath=" + qrPath
				+ ", token=" + token + "]";
	}

}

UserServer接口：

package com.jared.emlazychat;

public interface UserService {

	boolean isExist(String account);

	User addUser(String account, String password);

	User findUserByAccount(String account);

	void updateToken(User user);
}

ClientAccount类：

package com.jared.emlazychat;

import com.jared.emlazychat.User;

public class ClientAccount {

	private String	account;	// 账号
	private String	name;		// 用户名
	private Integer	sex;		// 性别
	private String	icon;		// 用户图像
	private String	sign;		// 用户个性签名
	private String	area;		// 用户所在区域
	private String	token;		// 用户与服务器交互的唯一标

	public String getAccount() {
		return account;
	}

	public void setAccount(String account) {
		this.account = account;
	}

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

	public String getIcon() {
		return icon;
	}

	public void setIcon(String icon) {
		this.icon = icon;
	}

	public String getSign() {
		return sign;
	}

	public void setSign(String sign) {
		this.sign = sign;
	}

	public String getArea() {
		return area;
	}

	public void setArea(String area) {
		this.area = area;
	}

	public String getToken() {
		return token;
	}

	public void setToken(String token) {
		this.token = token;
	}

	public Integer getSex() {
		return sex;
	}

	public void setSex(Integer sex) {
		this.sex = sex;
	}

	public static ClientAccount toAccount(User user) {
		ClientAccount account = new ClientAccount();
		account.account = user.getAccount();
		account.area = user.getArea();
		account.icon = user.getIcon();
		account.name = user.getName();
		account.sex = user.getSex();
		account.sign = user.getSign();
		account.token = user.getToken();
		return account;
	}

}

基本上OK了，接着测试了，首先通过简单的网页来访问吧，输入：http://127.0.0.1:8080/EMLazyChatServer/login

    返回效果如下：

    

    利用手机app也可以得到联调了，具体可以参考github的项目：

其中android app：https://github.com/imchenjianneng/emLazyChat

服务端代码：    https://github.com/imchenjianneng/EMLazyChatServer

    接下去就是把和数据库交互的搞搞，androd app端就可以和服务器交互，之后的聊天socket也可以搞起来了。