mySql---or和in的效率问题（和<=、>=、between之间的关系）

写在前面：

　　本文是直接拿取的别人的实验数据作参考，然后对数据作分析。

参考网友的测试数据结果：

在网上一直看到的是or和in的效率没啥区别，一直也感觉是这样，前几天刚好在看《mysql数据库开发的36条军规》的文章，里面提到了or和in的效率问题，文中提到or的效率为O(n)，而in的效率为O(log2n), 当n越大的时候效率相差越明显。今天刚好有时间决定对心中的疑惑进行测试，下面是详细的测试过程。

　　第一步，创建测试表，并生成测试数据，测试数据为1000万条记录。数据库版本为5.1.63。数据库中关闭了query cache，因此数据库缓存不会对查询造成影响。具体的代码如下：

#创建测试的test表
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS test;
CREATE TABLE test(
    ID INT(10) NOT NULL,
    `Name` VARCHAR(20) DEFAULT '' NOT NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY( ID )
)ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET utf8; 

#创建生成测试数据的存储过程
DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS pre_test;
DELIMITER //
CREATE PROCEDURE pre_test()
BEGIN
DECLARE i INT DEFAULT 0;
SET autocommit = 0;
WHILE i<10000000 DO
INSERT INTO test ( ID,`Name` ) VALUES( i, CONCAT( 'Carl', i ) );
SET i = i+1;
IF i%2000 = 0 THEN
COMMIT;
END IF;
END WHILE;
END; //
DELIMITER ;

#执行存储过程生成测试数据
CALL pre_test();

　

　　第二步：分三中情况进行测试，分别是：
　　　　第一种情况：in和or所在列为主键的情形。
　　　　第二种情况：in和or所在列创建有索引的情形。
　　　　第二种情况：in和or所在列没有索引的情形。
　　　　每种情况又采用不同的in和or的数量进行测试。由于测试语句的数据量有4种情况，我这里就称为A组、B组、C组、D组,其中A组为3个值，B组为150个值，C组为300个值，D组为1000个值。具体的测试语句如下：

#A组
#in和or中有3条数据的情况
SELECT * FROM test WHERE id IN (1,23,48);
SELECT * FROM test WHERE id =1 OR id=23 OR id=48;

#B组
#in和or中有150条数据的情况
SELECT * FROM test WHERE id IN (59617932,98114476,89047409,26968186,56586105,35488201,53251989,18182139,71164231,57655852,7948544,60658339,50758185,66667117,34771253,68699137,27877290,44275282,1585444,71219424,90937482,83928635,24588528,81933207,9607562,12013895,84640278,85549596,53249244,8567444,85402877,15040223,54266509,17718135,91687882,22930500,94756430,66031097,13084573,18137443,89917778,46845456,43939093,35943480,18213703,46362815,49835919,83137546,2101409,74932951,11984477,93113331,77848222,68546065,33728734,90793684,44975642,61387237,52483391,97716233,49449060,22411182,30776331,60597240,6911731,45789095,62075344,8379933,97910423,86861971,81342386,93423963,83852896,18566482,22747687,51420625,75862064,26402882,93958561,85202979,97049369,67674725,9475653,92302381,78133617,49295001,36517340,81387142,15707241,60832834,93157830,64171432,58537826,70141767,7326025,36632075,9639624,8900056,99702164,35108945,87820933,57302965,16652391,41845132,62184393,70136913,79574630,32562398,94616790,61258220,73162018,81644480,19453596,97380163,1204733,33357040,84854495,13888863,49041868,89272326,38405345,571248,6349029,70755321,79307694,60619684,92624181,73135306,23279848,95612954,55845916,6223606,43836918,37459781,67969314,99398872,7616960,37189193,50151920,62881879,12364637,33204320,27135672,28441504,47373461,87967926,30631796,20053540,18735984,83406724);
SELECT * FROM test WHERE id=59617932 OR id=98114476 OR id=89047409 OR id=26968186 OR id=56586105 OR id=35488201 OR id=53251989 OR id=18182139 OR id=71164231 OR id=57655852 OR id=7948544 OR id=60658339 OR id=50758185 OR id=66667117 OR id=34771253 OR id=68699137 OR id=27877290 OR id=44275282 OR id=1585444 OR id=71219424 OR id=90937482 OR id=83928635 OR id=24588528 OR id=81933207 OR id=9607562 OR id=12013895 OR id=84640278 OR id=85549596 OR id=53249244 OR id=8567444 OR id=85402877 OR id=15040223 OR id=54266509 OR id=17718135 OR id=91687882 OR id=22930500 OR id=94756430 OR id=66031097 OR id=13084573 OR id=18137443 OR id=89917778 OR id=46845456 OR id=43939093 OR id=35943480 OR id=18213703 OR id=46362815 OR id=49835919 OR id=83137546 OR id=2101409 OR id=74932951 OR id=11984477 OR id=93113331 OR id=77848222 OR id=68546065 OR id=33728734 OR id=90793684 OR id=44975642 OR id=61387237 OR id=52483391 OR id=97716233 OR id=49449060 OR id=22411182 OR id=30776331 OR id=60597240 OR id=6911731 OR id=45789095 OR id=62075344 OR id=8379933 OR id=97910423 OR id=86861971 OR id=81342386 OR id=93423963 OR id=83852896 OR id=18566482 OR id=22747687 OR id=51420625 OR id=75862064 OR id=26402882 OR id=93958561 OR id=85202979 OR id=97049369 OR id=67674725 OR id=9475653 OR id=92302381 OR id=78133617 OR id=49295001 OR id=36517340 OR id=81387142 OR id=15707241 OR id=60832834 OR id=93157830 OR id=64171432 OR id=58537826 OR id=70141767 OR id=7326025 OR id=36632075 OR id=9639624 OR id=8900056 OR id=99702164 OR id=35108945 OR id=87820933 OR id=57302965 OR id=16652391 OR id=41845132 OR id=62184393 OR id=70136913 OR id=79574630 OR id=32562398 OR id=94616790 OR id=61258220 OR id=73162018 OR id=81644480 OR id=19453596 OR id=97380163 OR id=1204733 OR id=33357040 OR id=84854495 OR id=13888863 OR id=49041868 OR id=89272326 OR id=38405345 OR id=571248 OR id=6349029 OR id=70755321 OR id=79307694 OR id=60619684 OR id=92624181 OR id=73135306 OR id=23279848 OR id=95612954 OR id=55845916 OR id=6223606 OR id=43836918 OR id=37459781 OR id=67969314 OR id=99398872 OR id=7616960 OR id=37189193 OR id=50151920 OR id=62881879 OR id=12364637 OR id=33204320 OR id=27135672 OR id=28441504 OR id=47373461 OR id=87967926 OR id=30631796 OR id=20053540 OR id=18735984 OR id=83406724;

#C组
#in和or中有300条数据的情况
SELECT * FROM test WHERE id IN (37092877,94859722,74276090,8763830,38727241,95732954,93414819,55070016,3591352,73857925,92290525,15210159,83905516,54934589,83004136,31442143,6060569,22209206,27649629,11464943,77822402,28714780,10058522,62252663,13751461,38997875,47320577,64507359,36137908,54297630,97411161,56542672,22017966,55190708,70072386,24300664,93413617,23621629,74772508,62774612,43001947,46161388,85563006,70177147,63960440,18001207,81734850,10635060,6551152,54877885,44426798,73950635,18713144,21690065,82153543,26048520,79954773,22411093,97307339,74193176,1413532,88006544,36062746,24043946,17132007,95958217,26112542,27303972,17247403,56778979,60928031,69369613,90584759,86234538,41726089,25315005,27568726,25091624,15307765,83130887,42726438,75872353,18991223,47819224,75457713,54659391,54889687,65229322,17124556,38376043,1989975,45973571,48597804,58632319,43388664,97010450,94745635,13217373,40472912,40220510,58319808,48228318,48936085,86281500,65466706,96815281,11751559,50188155,76649755,35315411,20360954,17739218,10918461,51429591,41447650,65170472,26810295,80912347,17157209,75851858,61150903,4408208,61200404,6655467,66863737,51549112,61951371,14368308,14663119,8762531,31765056,30560647,41048147,95526521,94929131,56881239,79014587,62705983,15892901,66151473,98846144,79336731,35949035,26250054,97536202,40575682,6965144,91059908,97939380,30854180,1965937,17193347,76584991,70467475,6559872,97386594,13939914,20379091,84906436,45989448,17337270,4949675,96963499,12561575,77153018,73213368,68283041,33977574,86290771,70381017,73095085,454900,44614195,48171334,49603342,7430998,29447060,47643508,82393912,83169846,94256496,35275444,40024984,25377535,46571333,32510994,70927802,92017916,97302502,22859741,32726786,79071601,93977472,47409421,49311618,77366144,84838598,59401507,67110877,42075938,76962007,27984930,72982484,81363683,75017478,88624177,67220235,88290070,26311443,87681081,77960250,4996033,68448074,67762279,99650583,36766422,27233152,71436659,25428777,81481679,51070397,88351803,78755075,26783938,83610840,45650662,86305644,1717314,66176062,6507047,45084786,74402982,55661367,35721238,40424913,24294239,30223531,55367671,56777532,12604154,4870493,14750488,74039611,42549918,70710424,56247316,63002053,71117605,16510883,67417211,34057637,74185092,58603491,66987830,73584171,9178319,47096502,1554825,37756804,85168245,92690138,6120773,99586029,74696745,61803307,56631845,42681796,58965644,68703695,69660559,15879062,26713059,85186928,63117471,53007808,74576547,32187857,13701205,88645881,24507258,87453800,39624977,75862710,62419627,70804059,10461373,18265782,56366177,68093007,75760763,43931574,65808002,49148775,98019987,71183123,53762434,78851856,37767085,89124453,47566746);

SELECT * FROM test WHERE id=37092877 OR id=94859722 OR id=74276090 OR id=8763830 OR id=38727241 OR id=95732954 OR id=93414819 OR id=55070016 OR id=3591352 OR id=73857925 OR id=92290525 OR id=15210159 OR id=83905516 OR id=54934589 OR id=83004136 OR id=31442143 OR id=6060569 OR id=22209206 OR id=27649629 OR id=11464943 OR id=77822402 OR id=28714780 OR id=10058522 OR id=62252663 OR id=13751461 OR id=38997875 OR id=47320577 OR id=64507359 OR id=36137908 OR id=54297630 OR id=97411161 OR id=56542672 OR id=22017966 OR id=55190708 OR id=70072386 OR id=24300664 OR id=93413617 OR id=23621629 OR id=74772508 OR id=62774612 OR id=43001947 OR id=46161388 OR id=85563006 OR id=70177147 OR id=63960440 OR id=18001207 OR id=81734850 OR id=10635060 OR id=6551152 OR id=54877885 OR id=44426798 OR id=73950635 OR id=18713144 OR id=21690065 OR id=82153543 OR id=26048520 OR id=79954773 OR id=22411093 OR id=97307339 OR id=74193176 OR id=1413532 OR id=88006544 OR id=36062746 OR id=24043946 OR id=17132007 OR id=95958217 OR id=26112542 OR id=27303972 OR id=17247403 OR id=56778979 OR id=60928031 OR id=69369613 OR id=90584759 OR id=86234538 OR id=41726089 OR id=25315005 OR id=27568726 OR id=25091624 OR id=15307765 OR id=83130887 OR id=42726438 OR id=75872353 OR id=18991223 OR id=47819224 OR id=75457713 OR id=54659391 OR id=54889687 OR id=65229322 OR id=17124556 OR id=38376043 OR id=1989975 OR id=45973571 OR id=48597804 OR id=58632319 OR id=43388664 OR id=97010450 OR id=94745635 OR id=13217373 OR id=40472912 OR id=40220510 OR id=58319808 OR id=48228318 OR id=48936085 OR id=86281500 OR id=65466706 OR id=96815281 OR id=11751559 OR id=50188155 OR id=76649755 OR id=35315411 OR id=20360954 OR id=17739218 OR id=10918461 OR id=51429591 OR id=41447650 OR id=65170472 OR id=26810295 OR id=80912347 OR id=17157209 OR id=75851858 OR id=61150903 OR id=4408208 OR id=61200404 OR id=6655467 OR id=66863737 OR id=51549112 OR id=61951371 OR id=14368308 OR id=14663119 OR id=8762531 OR id=31765056 OR id=30560647 OR id=41048147 OR id=95526521 OR id=94929131 OR id=56881239 OR id=79014587 OR id=62705983 OR id=15892901 OR id=66151473 OR id=98846144 OR id=79336731 OR id=35949035 OR id=26250054 OR id=97536202 OR id=40575682 OR id=6965144 OR id=91059908 OR id=97939380 OR id=30854180 OR id=1965937 OR id=17193347 OR id=76584991 OR id=70467475 OR id=6559872 OR id=97386594 OR id=13939914 OR id=20379091 OR id=84906436 OR id=45989448 OR id=17337270 OR id=4949675 OR id=96963499 OR id=12561575 OR id=77153018 OR id=73213368 OR id=68283041 OR id=33977574 OR id=86290771 OR id=70381017 OR id=73095085 OR id=454900 OR id=44614195 OR id=48171334 OR id=49603342 OR id=7430998 OR id=29447060 OR id=47643508 OR id=82393912 OR id=83169846 OR id=94256496 OR id=35275444 OR id=40024984 OR id=25377535 OR id=46571333 OR id=32510994 OR id=70927802 OR id=92017916 OR id=97302502 OR id=22859741 OR id=32726786 OR id=79071601 OR id=93977472 OR id=47409421 OR id=49311618 OR id=77366144 OR id=84838598 OR id=59401507 OR id=67110877 OR id=42075938 OR id=76962007 OR id=27984930 OR id=72982484 OR id=81363683 OR id=75017478 OR id=88624177 OR id=67220235 OR id=88290070 OR id=26311443 OR id=87681081 OR id=77960250 OR id=4996033 OR id=68448074 OR id=67762279 OR id=99650583 OR id=36766422 OR id=27233152 OR id=71436659 OR id=25428777 OR id=81481679 OR id=51070397 OR id=88351803 OR id=78755075 OR id=26783938 OR id=83610840 OR id=45650662 OR id=86305644 OR id=1717314 OR id=66176062 OR id=6507047 OR id=45084786 OR id=74402982 OR id=55661367 OR id=35721238 OR id=40424913 OR id=24294239 OR id=30223531 OR id=55367671 OR id=56777532 OR id=12604154 OR id=4870493 OR id=14750488 OR id=74039611 OR id=42549918 OR id=70710424 OR id=56247316 OR id=63002053 OR id=71117605 OR id=16510883 OR id=67417211 OR id=34057637 OR id=74185092 OR id=58603491 OR id=66987830 OR id=73584171 OR id=9178319 OR id=47096502 OR id=1554825 OR id=37756804 OR id=85168245 OR id=92690138 OR id=6120773 OR id=99586029 OR id=74696745 OR id=61803307 OR id=56631845 OR id=42681796 OR id=58965644 OR id=68703695 OR id=69660559 OR id=15879062 OR id=26713059 OR id=85186928 OR id=63117471 OR id=53007808 OR id=74576547 OR id=32187857 OR id=13701205 OR id=88645881 OR id=24507258 OR id=87453800 OR id=39624977 OR id=75862710 OR id=62419627 OR id=70804059 OR id=10461373 OR id=18265782 OR id=56366177 OR id=68093007 OR id=75760763 OR id=43931574 OR id=65808002 OR id=49148775 OR id=98019987 OR id=71183123 OR id=53762434 OR id=78851856 OR id=37767085 OR id=89124453 OR id=47566746;

#D组
#in和or中有1000条数据的情况
SELECT * FROM test WHERE id IN (93674701,9720356,31732184,53855095,33144472,71864888,27541768,27238726,83648428,12942332,26918445,19781953,81861032,74800064,12286132,6624397,64942581,70512799,46356598,88292448,87069909,38175756,98121997,62570414,15900806,51527968,89092372,8084203,53772848,78871524,3608561,85909562,41702172,61800503,57877634,93407278,30824340,13159046,49055339,73058078,983603,73571456,51694978,75136628,82716874,83551181,7964224,47505945,92695321,15885152,79282709,18572099,27392970,14552787,19848227,4518183,11773920,22285326,71605145,2402625,63365854,70973600,10584706,83688869,84268419,6026005,36545233,24462648,19293921,17561083,52105483,59243514,35230465,34650779,30053489,24225251,59642405,81933853,94495716,26364324,25980634,5579237,14569289,89417845,71178959,4143920,20467990,53316808,21288525,82249537,37737589,44712689,36788133,15668654,4697556,63785060,11555169,36401204,92276179,4135929,75453019,28231031,8649240,11576980,20262028,56242424,11305608,5655216,90240601,28569373,5296027,10739594,72751648,22531251,12535926,36347415,19740655,69125465,7523885,88128548,88830806,25010302,29411467,99614288,32646290,16592563,69036910,32604729,88737786,90169676,57646877,72105460,40027541,70362483,37221415,25284914,69691185,17972978,1544661,47324366,25337670,91133621,63697117,48652228,18538437,79966496,26066529,65334307,8305141,86289387,20178085,88836090,74948034,14101728,7837868,83548120,65602502,83129211,24785681,65000269,49140174,62636621,31096695,52276400,28546681,83631937,57100225,42531528,28326396,38641032,93055463,20525612,66073509,35154065,29007664,12600294,76829494,73917074,67226149,12478806,39842542,70312958,82792046,49668650,46280815,96555182,22966062,83158116,87566530,66277804,7944142,90649884,64342810,9881875,14833854,82959569,50523207,48788762,3801076,14677723,63080506,96215352,36302231,35067168,11695282,19447382,66401373,40822285,41406321,48630216,78955925,57194625,52097877,16169037,44834346,2593695,29948466,41842778,50510473,39669493,64590865,26160800,94882286,2703212,41243905,89363549,82819429,25565895,86836890,58385785,55898457,99305620,43332680,98223672,4494624,25408421,28054121,48197701,90633404,25825550,90631154,24867226,61846156,38911183,67826056,10676975,57116645,474292,82387517,56211477,46555785,49282428,99468990,81172472,26720330,38692582,96073680,88412290,28829489,1816508,75321051,81650509,23175973,42008725,60743468,52532114,731909,77811415,86804961,29675484,33584929,180367,93687804,41093066,5987495,27291494,78229979,63194139,34357776,9992084,22643334,22407822,69740170,29581361,50036776,88768091,82537322,83709895,55361776,90616169,44595355,9468440,54552233,73496954,46104486,92947715,38522993,88515232,57725249,48507967,25309486,91597013,85635814,69579638,68775627,57556546,77900275,95965693,9601780,5448068,54075952,64335883,80114875,14793294,21016639,1959922,93176996,7893733,51407895,45849129,33857790,30096194,78021982,66555961,15842998,77678123,56648395,8171848,80152264,78616680,80098122,22882409,77242219,3124519,60865422,43164198,43256621,73261157,12541949,49780175,23167183,10509251,41809106,25655902,6752559,39850293,50992519,40061483,84526968,93056718,53267125,53914467,39404926,83672449,21484465,34147538,13437853,74079093,50400032,85705998,7557614,10300505,79264856,65669946,23899714,53506926,36081544,11113765,65755643,5826515,60392667,55562374,98132987,80904530,92663352,7283593,3709276,52078745,84847057,34235334,63889320,70036669,58603533,27394053,54766781,50920854,80202681,67618417,82912294,20150728,20042189,86403320,38738266,58393070,50887299,12170654,16212895,37361223,13677457,19503506,20213757,84240441,39618969,26401150,47937678,55871130,79189571,5717133,12444503,95283334,14827147,22008485,56345882,43237192,56980197,68699371,46407250,72120555,70694039,46438829,17774982,36484024,138767,89563532,54847019,7815592,44909604,50479084,17462504,96594465,58317102,92426225,91894699,4501659,43315607,9442814,19705166,87751308,95588126,92372510,20281564,19251355,10321183,34573093,19074704,84678191,24383998,27670253,50223562,34091936,99304371,32477827,54273037,86525073,73253547,33316827,6724062,76707318,78171148,44729510,16697684,68966388,57448392,51380186,35344477,98153122,51825492,27202774,26901641,37527637,88241695,15100257,30418000,21821200,95511035,9289513,83870196,54628801,39402988,88345504,84232433,13925255,70816934,6822742,14400466,430652,87397095,89773413,10883914,89939310,39597573,49356789,62857680,93292662,55644642,81922551,94304087,63705961,137763,22392805,65195561,39498904,22576234,59467794,46389072,66341462,44602153,18204976,45366397,3880945,98231882,27999162,38209350,10599910,77139550,35114264,57109708,93064441,34801782,24938667,84955486,53018874,37969943,64372852,69596670,21288762,12774121,97588451,23575359,10954061,50363988,56263940,61520763,85096643,36250068,19807406,20984386,24520668,44631794,62587890,44963362,7663521,78505677,98442373,90280978,14494324,16069861,11397153,87726305,26133866,42024935,93393929,72575268,76384597,42272046,81658814,40811718,86054463,35997739,51075676,62839927,68179261,1929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SELECT * FROM test WHERE id=93674701 OR id=9720356 OR id=31732184 OR id=53855095 OR id=33144472 OR id=71864888 OR id=27541768 OR id=27238726 OR id=83648428 OR id=12942332 OR id=26918445 OR id=19781953 OR id=81861032 OR id=74800064 OR id=12286132 OR id=6624397 OR id=64942581 OR id=70512799 OR id=46356598 OR id=88292448 OR id=87069909 OR id=38175756 OR id=98121997 OR id=62570414 OR id=15900806 OR id=51527968 OR id=89092372 OR id=8084203 OR id=53772848 OR id=78871524 OR id=3608561 OR id=85909562 OR id=41702172 OR id=61800503 OR id=57877634 OR id=93407278 OR id=30824340 OR id=13159046 OR id=49055339 OR id=73058078 OR id=983603 OR id=73571456 OR id=51694978 OR id=75136628 OR id=82716874 OR id=83551181 OR id=7964224 OR id=47505945 OR id=92695321 OR id=15885152 OR id=79282709 OR id=18572099 OR id=27392970 OR id=14552787 OR id=19848227 OR id=4518183 OR id=11773920 OR id=22285326 OR id=71605145 OR id=2402625 OR id=63365854 OR id=70973600 OR id=10584706 OR id=83688869 OR id=84268419 OR id=6026005 OR id=36545233 OR id=24462648 OR id=19293921 OR id=17561083 OR id=52105483 OR id=59243514 OR id=35230465 OR id=34650779 OR id=30053489 OR id=24225251 OR id=59642405 OR id=81933853 OR id=94495716 OR id=26364324 OR id=25980634 OR id=5579237 OR id=14569289 OR id=89417845 OR id=71178959 OR id=4143920 OR id=20467990 OR id=53316808 OR id=21288525 OR id=82249537 OR id=37737589 OR id=44712689 OR id=36788133 OR id=15668654 OR id=4697556 OR id=63785060 OR id=11555169 OR id=36401204 OR id=92276179 OR id=4135929 OR id=75453019 OR id=28231031 OR id=8649240 OR id=11576980 OR id=20262028 OR id=56242424 OR id=11305608 OR id=5655216 OR id=90240601 OR id=28569373 OR id=5296027 OR id=10739594 OR id=72751648 OR id=22531251 OR id=12535926 OR id=36347415 OR id=19740655 OR id=69125465 OR id=7523885 OR id=88128548 OR id=88830806 OR id=25010302 OR id=29411467 OR id=99614288 OR id=32646290 OR id=16592563 OR id=69036910 OR id=32604729 OR id=88737786 OR id=90169676 OR id=57646877 OR id=72105460 OR 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id=20213757 OR id=84240441 OR id=39618969 OR id=26401150 OR id=47937678 OR id=55871130 OR id=79189571 OR id=5717133 OR id=12444503 OR id=95283334 OR id=14827147 OR id=22008485 OR id=56345882 OR id=43237192 OR id=56980197 OR id=68699371 OR id=46407250 OR id=72120555 OR id=70694039 OR id=46438829 OR id=17774982 OR id=36484024 OR id=138767 OR id=89563532 OR id=54847019 OR id=7815592 OR id=44909604 OR id=50479084 OR id=17462504 OR id=96594465 OR id=58317102 OR id=92426225 OR id=91894699 OR id=4501659 OR id=43315607 OR id=9442814 OR id=19705166 OR id=87751308 OR id=95588126 OR id=92372510 OR id=20281564 OR id=19251355 OR id=10321183 OR id=34573093 OR id=19074704 OR id=84678191 OR id=24383998 OR id=27670253 OR id=50223562 OR id=34091936 OR id=99304371 OR id=32477827 OR id=54273037 OR id=86525073 OR id=73253547 OR id=33316827 OR id=6724062 OR id=76707318 OR id=78171148 OR id=44729510 OR id=16697684 OR id=68966388 OR id=57448392 OR id=51380186 OR id=35344477 OR id=98153122 OR id=51825492 OR 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id=36250068 OR id=19807406 OR id=20984386 OR id=24520668 OR id=44631794 OR id=62587890 OR id=44963362 OR id=7663521 OR id=78505677 OR id=98442373 OR id=90280978 OR id=14494324 OR id=16069861 OR id=11397153 OR id=87726305 OR id=26133866 OR id=42024935 OR id=93393929 OR id=72575268 OR id=76384597 OR id=42272046 OR id=81658814 OR id=40811718 OR id=86054463 OR id=35997739 OR id=51075676 OR id=62839927 OR id=68179261 OR id=19292480 OR id=10464999 OR id=6342696 OR id=75842285 OR id=28671096 OR id=30029838 OR id=19617648 OR id=94667632 OR id=75855376 OR id=83477767 OR id=456684 OR id=81197213 OR id=1961395 OR id=79590898 OR id=470693 OR id=64786459 OR id=90138714 OR id=30486571 OR id=75566704 OR id=64467558 OR id=21380112 OR id=17742907 OR id=7733647 OR id=92017 OR id=64615799 OR id=72272722 OR id=66873854 OR id=77198963 OR id=35594848 OR id=42694993 OR id=12431322 OR id=2247181 OR id=11020746 OR id=42416726 OR id=19127785 OR id=95444937 OR id=36842133 OR id=4203521 OR id=48149533 OR id=45322440 OR id=59710953 OR id=38250773 OR id=31370132 OR id=26889920 OR id=45927952 OR id=55298246 OR id=31197238 OR id=44744953 OR id=35531670 OR id=38850041 OR id=29759177 OR id=76433451 OR id=33696500 OR id=2823716 OR id=68574340 OR id=68889919 OR id=35744793 OR id=64772909 OR id=41562277 OR id=72606631 OR id=54617176 OR id=76086087 OR id=61060196 OR id=1593669 OR id=4666059 OR id=44201567 OR id=97015910 OR id=51039786 OR id=47534369 OR id=36899420 OR id=95163693 OR id=34278055 OR id=24361819 OR id=93200909 OR id=29991418 OR id=63172824 OR id=53644148 OR id=61454424 OR id=44726508 OR id=64910883 OR id=31088636 OR id=14005026 OR id=83267869 OR id=28497493 OR id=12406441 OR id=34686539 OR id=70646963 OR id=7687253 OR id=23115957 OR id=64556990 OR id=49701688 OR id=76843379 OR id=22370877 OR id=11199132 OR id=15492661 OR id=72101877 OR id=47154152 OR id=54969058 OR id=96696025 OR id=33567129 OR id=95788960 OR id=13301506 OR id=38695877 OR id=52992551 OR id=37817234 OR id=82136809 OR id=28111091 OR id=84977065 OR id=93404791 OR id=56350318 OR id=27576451 OR id=84170153 OR id=37381626 OR id=22432144 OR id=35119973 OR id=23922989 OR id=98961080 OR id=14336913 OR id=49612713 OR id=47410677 OR id=41559348 OR id=64216475 OR id=75502736 OR id=16203656 OR id=81726720 OR id=64541981 OR id=82181762 OR id=95869963 OR id=1086041 OR id=76856852 OR id=99484886 OR id=47292021 OR id=99746735 OR id=79082859 OR id=67416188 OR id=46391963 OR id=58631281 OR id=80994168 OR id=9464550 OR id=5851058 OR id=16534935 OR id=63307701 OR id=91875109 OR id=18716507 OR id=15870646 OR id=6003995 OR id=836024 OR id=35610568 OR id=39574140 OR id=76244639 OR id=83403189 OR id=51252728 OR id=6516065 OR id=94907007 OR id=81605606 OR id=40398075 OR id=40258386 OR id=6692981 OR id=50852074 OR id=2869416 OR id=97682971 OR id=44427361 OR id=9608914 OR id=58464559 OR id=81806036 OR id=20047387 OR id=66264452 OR id=58063775 OR id=54179837 OR id=48463792 OR id=17877188 OR id=31718426 OR id=64192249 OR id=35574859 OR id=3671766 OR id=88905164 OR id=78137697 OR id=46929619 OR id=21063327 OR id=83078770 OR id=93293821 OR id=41618319 OR id=3832324 OR id=91310612 OR id=79854291 OR id=68734227 OR id=8826717 OR id=80881657 OR id=95208907 OR id=7079422 OR id=30037415 OR id=5494004 OR id=44809486 OR id=97620027 OR id=35689182 OR id=13120783 OR id=26108678 OR id=1537176 OR id=16538727 OR id=50841024 OR id=36515680 OR id=82635278 OR id=11112660 OR id=16276555 OR id=72997511 OR id=93487848 OR id=88201238 OR id=53997085 OR id=15198916 OR id=61214583 OR id=78412499 OR id=3585265 OR id=1402827 OR id=56445518 OR id=47661453 OR id=25615629 OR id=58263458 OR id=62155263 OR id=46608555 OR id=15822703 OR id=82285214 OR id=76021596 OR id=84571697 OR id=45999350 OR id=40074628 OR id=8219220 OR id=5429523 OR id=74024203 OR id=22354037 OR id=17605466 OR id=60436920 OR id=52777032 OR id=65801717 OR id=43656316 OR id=10424270 OR id=48035786 OR id=29493228 OR id=83897372 OR id=62101275 OR id=84793857 OR id=56894828 OR id=70636689 OR id=72497148 OR id=67388694 OR id=68146510 OR id=64298548 OR id=97117498 OR id=25553211 OR id=54226533 OR id=90395845 OR id=24172623 OR id=91712292 OR id=98280822 OR id=54042497 OR id=25032894 OR id=6833135 OR id=39011254 OR id=9837753 OR id=63507766 OR id=26747954 OR id=45941264 OR id=99955245 OR id=80051546 OR id=78510759 OR id=71322333 OR id=92407609 OR id=95809491 OR id=18999217 OR id=23430377 OR id=11861293 OR id=42583098 OR id=24163209 OR id=11358738 OR id=3237302 OR id=3176665 OR id=87151132 OR id=2789150 OR id=63905882 OR id=59864282 OR id=3673596 OR id=19570439 OR id=22883042 OR id=72375525 OR id=51614404 OR id=47526636 OR id=98443133 OR id=99140135 OR id=33855918 OR id=28333489 OR id=81416033 OR id=2670097 OR id=4897577 OR id=24439616 OR id=36643479 OR id=40817600 OR id=76022791 OR id=40072872 OR id=95193435 OR id=96967607 OR id=24983145 OR id=49883271 OR id=94602753 OR id=83555050 OR id=85455145 OR id=34563229 OR id=72328311 OR id=12002151 OR id=71481181 OR id=72998351 OR id=1489188 OR id=38426973 OR id=91893116 OR id=61594591 OR id=89693630 OR id=6268166 OR id=20056665 OR id=62169880 OR id=17143472 OR id=35103925 OR id=22452590 OR id=54272289 OR id=34236829 OR id=78028543 OR id=84474414 OR id=40386926 OR id=50550952 OR id=49413559 OR id=48781941 OR id=22927237 OR id=44447815 OR id=29960478 OR id=47578119 OR id=10192558 OR id=87733936 OR id=88699383 OR id=38808712 OR id=79944807 OR id=84014713 OR id=31865463 OR id=72617685 OR id=19557568 OR id=47865990 OR id=39069638 OR id=20086122 OR id=1777562 OR id=29018078 OR id=78358083 OR id=94561719 OR id=46281152 OR id=99789008 OR id=86929490 OR id=16534451 OR id=55989144 OR id=52455669 OR id=54561585 OR id=97379646 OR id=20416183 OR id=87617750 OR id=76115505 OR id=3282482 OR id=8383619 OR id=45456319 OR id=29576432 OR id=67750627 OR id=61736333 OR id=33745442 OR id=51502165 OR id=35349384 OR id=78106651 OR id=23232822 OR id=94851387 OR id=78254073 OR id=82406754 OR id=10317954 OR id=70125940 OR id=45067526 OR id=27061875 OR id=25640164 OR id=52574899 OR id=93819227 OR id=93789607 OR id=96122951 OR id=31673246 OR id=70431904 OR id=54067896 OR id=37146857 OR id=37817889 OR id=14058940 OR id=60710246 OR id=64844350 OR id=91604383 OR id=71972005 OR id=13888349 OR id=19093493 OR id=27397281 OR id=61085409 OR id=66529387 OR id=82761299 OR id=72236310 OR id=19277077 OR id=96599501 OR id=68304096 OR id=48292937 OR id=97503321 OR id=88011133 OR id=29224803 OR id=79782945 OR id=79965966 OR id=83716914 OR id=90432214 OR id=48938902 OR id=12498489 OR id=30246261 OR id=91624049 OR id=68652396 OR id=23677785 OR id=44084687 OR id=3865123 OR id=37823170 OR id=45287730 OR id=38784682 OR id=28058351 OR id=68226368 OR id=61569897 OR id=44737876 OR id=70575908 OR id=25568463 OR id=24668386 OR id=88650569 OR id=35559584 OR id=1897737 OR id=77844785 OR id=29780669 OR id=84004602 OR id=29029776 OR id=91003545 OR id=48058106 OR id=9463847;

　　

测试结果如下：
第一种情况，ID列为主键的情况，4组测试执行计划一样，执行的时间也基本没有区别。
A组or和in的执行时间： or的执行时间为：0.002s     in的执行时间为：0.002s
B组or和in的执行时间： or的执行时间为：0.004s     in的执行时间为：0.004s
C组or和in的执行时间： or的执行时间为：0.006s     in的执行时间为：0.005s
D组or和in的执行时间： or的执行时间为：0.018s     in的执行时间为：0.014s

第二种情况，ID列为一般索引的情况，4组测试执行计划一样，执行的时间也基本没有区别。
A组or和in的执行时间： or的执行时间为：0.002s     in的执行时间为：0.002s
B组or和in的执行时间： or的执行时间为：0.006s     in的执行时间为：0.005s  
C组or和in的执行时间： or的执行时间为：0.008s     in的执行时间为：0.008s
D组or和in的执行时间： or的执行时间为：0.021s     in的执行时间为：0.020s

第三种情况，ID列没有索引的情况，4组测试执行计划一样，执行的时间也基本没有区别。
A组or和in的执行时间： or的执行时间为：5.016s      in的执行时间为：5.071s
B组or和in的执行时间： or的执行时间为：1min 02s     in的执行时间为：5.018s
C组or和in的执行时间： or的执行时间为：1min 55s     in的执行时间为：5.018s
D组or和in的执行时间： or的执行时间为：6min 17s     in的执行时间为：5.057s

结论：

    从上面的测试结果，可以看出如果in和or所在列有索引或者主键的话，or和in没啥差别，执行计划和执行时间都几乎一样。如果in和or所在列没有索引的话，性能差别就很大了。在没有索引的情况下，随着in或者or后面的数据量越多，in的效率不会有太大的下降，但是or会随着记录越多的话性能下降非常厉害，从第三中测试情况中可以很明显地看出了，基本上是指数级增长。
   因此在给in和or的效率下定义的时候，应该再加上一个条件，就是所在的列是否有索引或者是否是主键。如果有索引或者主键性能没啥差别，如果没有索引，性能差别不是一点点！ 

分析

　　这里也把 >= 、<= 、bewteen and 加入结果分析

	select * from tab where name_id >= 100 and name_id <=104;
	select * from tab where name_id bewteen 100 and 104;
	select * from tab where name_id in(100,101,102,103,104);
	select * from tab where name_id = 100 or name_id = 101 or name_id = 102 or name_id = 103 or name_id = 104;

　　其中在mysql中name_id>=100 and name_id<=104 和 name_id bewteent 100 and 104是等价的。这里选择前者做比较分析

　　首先用explain 输入，发现三个语句的explain 输出是一样的：

*************************** . row ***************************
           id:
  select_type: SIMPLE
        table: student
         type: range
possible_keys: PRIMARY
          key: PRIMARY
      key_len:
          ref: NULL
         rows:
     filtered: .
        Extra: Using where
 row in set,  warning (. sec)

　　MySQL5.6在information_schema中增加了optimizer_trace表，用于跟踪语句生成的执行计划的具体步骤，包含各种关键的优化步骤。

　　新参数optimizer_trace可以控制是否为执行的SQL生成查询计划树，默认关闭，我们也建议关闭，因为它会产生额外的性能开销

mysql> set optimizer_trace="enabled=on";
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show variables like '%optimizer_trace%';
+------------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Variable_name                | Value                                                                      |
+------------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| optimizer_trace              | enabled=on,one_line=off                                                    |
| optimizer_trace_features     | greedy_search=on,range_optimizer=on,dynamic_range=on,repeated_subselect=on |
| optimizer_trace_limit        | 1                                                                          |
| optimizer_trace_max_mem_size | 16384                                                                      |
| optimizer_trace_offset       | -1                                                                         |
+------------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

############################################################################################################

　　optimizer_trace主要分为三个部分 （optimizer_trace 的过程以后会仔细说明，这里主要分析结果）
　　　　join_preparation：SQL的准备阶段，sql被格式化 对应函数 JOIN::prepare 例如 * 被扩展开来
　　　　join_optimization：SQL优化阶段 对应函数JOIN::optimize
　　　　join_execution：SQL执行阶段 对应函数：JOIN::exec

　　即便是一条非常简单的SQL，也会打印出很冗长的查询计划

　　　　这里面有一个字段 chosen_range_access_summary：表示 逻辑优化,开始计算每个索引做范围扫描的花费. 总结本阶段最优的.

　　操作是，分别执行sql。然后查看optimizer_trace的值。

set optimizer_trace="enabled=on";
select * from tab where name_id >= 100 and name_id <=104;
select * from information_schema.optimizer_trace;
select * from tab where name_id in(100,101,102,103,104);
select * from information_schema.optimizer_trace;
select * from tab where name_id = 100 or name_id = 101 or name_id = 102 or name_id = 103 or name_id = 104;
select * from information_schema.optimizer_trace;

　　分别看下三种不同语句的执行代价：

SELECT * FROM tin where c1 >=100 and c1 <=104;
...省略部分内容
“chosen_range_access_summary”: {
                    “range_access_plan”: {
                      “type”: “range_scan”,
                      “index”: “PRIMARY”,
                      “rows”: 5,
                      “ranges”: [
                        “100 <= c1 <= 104″
                      ]
                    },
                    “rows_for_plan”: 5,
                    “cost_for_plan”: 2.0188,
                    “chosen”: true
                    }
...省略部分内容

SELECT * FROM tin where c1 in (100, 101, 102, 103, 104);
...省略部分内容
“chosen_range_access_summary”: {
                    “range_access_plan”: {
                      “type”: “range_scan”,
                      “index”: “PRIMARY”,
                      “rows”: 5,
                      “ranges”: [
                        “100 <= c1 <= 100″,
                        “101 <= c1 <= 101″,
                        “102 <= c1 <= 102″,
                        “103 <= c1 <= 103″,
                        “104 <= c1 <= 104″
                      ]
                    },
                    “rows_for_plan”: 5,
                    “cost_for_plan”: 6.0188,
                    “chosen”: true
                  }
...省略部分内容

SELECT * FROM tin where c1 = 100 or c1 = 101 or c1 = 102 or c1 = 103 or c1 =104;
...省略部分内容
“chosen_range_access_summary”: {
                    “range_access_plan”: {
                      “type”: “range_scan”,
                      “index”: “PRIMARY”,
                      “rows”: 5,
                      “ranges”: [
                        “100 <= c1 <= 100″,
                        “101 <= c1 <= 101″,
                        “102 <= c1 <= 102″,
                        “103 <= c1 <= 103″,
                        “104 <= c1 <= 104″
                      ]
                    },
                    “rows_for_plan”: 5,
                    “cost_for_plan”: 6.0188,
                    “chosen”: true
                  }
...省略部分内容

计划分析：

　　从上面可以看出执行代价最小的语句为SELECT * FROM tab WHERE name_id >= 100 and name_id <=104，代价为2.0118，其他两个计划的代价 为6.0118。

　　 然而我们需要需要知道MySQL代价计算的方法， 一个计划的代价体现在硬件上就是I/O + CPU，I/O就是将所需的物理页载入内存的时间，CPU则是数据计算所消耗的时间， 有些语句是I/O密集的，有些语句是CPU运算密集的。MySQL在计算上面SQL语句的代价时，I/O代价的计算是由range的个数n_ranges和最终的结果集的行数total_rows得出来的

　　我们发现 ：语句1的n_ranges=1；语句2和语句3的n_ranges=5 、totol_rows都为5

　　故语句1的在I/O上的代价明显小于语句2和语句3（具体的函数参见ha_innobase::read_time） 　　

　　至于CPU的代价，由于返回的行数一致，故CPU的代价一致，CPU的代价主要体现在获取数据后，进行WHERE 条件的匹配操作。

　　这只是MySQL的对于上面三个语句的代价模型，而实际上，上面三个语句所进行的I/O操作其实是一致的，因为数据范围是一样的（都是5条数据100,101,102,103,104）。所以，仅凭 MySQL给出的代价结果还是不能立刻判断出语句1就肯定好。既然I/O操作的代价可以考虑是一致的，那么只能来看三条语句执行时的区别了。
　　语句2和语句3的range个数都为5个，而且range的范围都是一致的， 这其实是MySQL的优化结果，IN和OR都被优化成了相同的结果。只有语句1只有1个range。MySQL执行时是遍历每个range，而每个range遍历时其实是两种操作，read_first和read_next，read_first是根据每个range的start key定位到相应的位置，read_next则是根据上次BTREE读到的位置， 继续往后读，read_next是以end key为结束。
　　对于语句1，只有一个range，故需要1次read_first和5次read_next（最后一次read_next不符合end_key，返回结束）
　　对于语句2和语句3， 有5个range，每个range需要1此read_first和一次read_next,总共需要5此read_first和5次read_next。
　　从数据获取的次数来看，语句2和语句3基本是语句1的调用次数的两倍。

合法性验证：

　　除了获取数据调用次数的区别外，在获取数据之后，还需要进行数据合法性的验证，即匹配WHERE条件。

　　对于语句1的WHERE条件十分简单，匹配上下界限即可，即对于每返回的一行数据需要两次验证，时间复杂度为常量O（2）。
　　对于语句2和语句3，则需要对IN或OR中的每个条件进行验证，知道找到某一匹配项为止，时间复杂度为O（n）。 但是MySQL对于IN做了相应的优化，即将IN中的常量全部存储在一个数组里面，而且这个数组是排好序的，故匹配的时候是二分查找， 时间复杂度为O（log2n）（是以2为底，n的对数）。
　　在忽略I/O的情况下，仅仅从CPU的耗时来看，语句1应该是最少的，其次是IN，最差的就是OR

写在后面

尊重原创：

http://www.cnblogs.com/feihongwuhen/archive/2012/11/21/7169761.html

http://www.cnblogs.com/gsblog/p/4070924.html

http://mysqllover.com/?p=708

http://blog.csdn.net/melody_mr/article/details/48950601

http://www.cnblogs.com/justfortaste/p/5660568.html