Java调用Http/Https接口(4)--HttpClient调用Http/Https接口
HttpClient是Apache HttpComponents项目下的一个组件，是Commons-HttpClient的升级版，两者api调用写法也很类似。文中所使用到的软件版本：Java 1.8.0_191、HttpClient 4.5.10。
1、服务端
2、调用Http接口
2.1、GET请求
public static void get() {
String requestPath = "http://localhost:8080/demo/httptest/getUser?userId=1000&userName=李白";
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
try {
HttpGet get = new HttpGet(requestPath);
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(get);
System.out.println("GET返回状态：" + response.getStatusLine());
HttpEntity responseEntity = response.getEntity();
System.out.println("GET返回结果：" + EntityUtils.toString(responseEntity));
//流畅api调用
String result = Request.Get(requestPath).execute().returnContent().asString(Charset.forName("utf-8"));
System.out.println("GET fluent返回结果：" + result);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
close(httpClient);
}
}
2.2、POST请求(发送键值对数据）
public static void post() {
String requestPath = "http://localhost:8080/demo/httptest/getUser";
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
try {
HttpPost post = new HttpPost(requestPath);
List<NameValuePair> list = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
list.add(new BasicNameValuePair("userId", "1000"));
list.add(new BasicNameValuePair("userName", "李白"));
post.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(list, "utf-8"));
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(post);
System.out.println("POST返回状态：" + response.getStatusLine());
HttpEntity responseEntity = response.getEntity();
System.out.println("POST返回结果：" + EntityUtils.toString(responseEntity));
//流畅api调用
String result = Request.Post(requestPath)
.bodyForm(Form.form().add("userId", "1000").add("userName", "李白").build(), Charset.forName("utf-8"))
.execute().returnContent().asString(Charset.forName("utf-8"));
System.out.println("POST fluent返回结果：" + result);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
close(httpClient);
}
}
2.3、POST请求(发送JSON数据）
public static void post2() {
String requestPath = "http://localhost:8080/demo/httptest/addUser";
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
try {
HttpPost post = new HttpPost(requestPath);
post.setHeader("Content-type", "application/json");
String param = "{\"userId\": \"1001\",\"userName\":\"杜甫\"}";
post.setEntity(new StringEntity(param, "utf-8"));
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(post);
System.out.println("POST json返回状态：" + response.getStatusLine());
HttpEntity responseEntity = response.getEntity();
System.out.println("POST josn返回结果：" + EntityUtils.toString(responseEntity));
//流畅api调用
String result = Request.Post(requestPath)
.addHeader("Content-type", "application/json")
.bodyString(param, ContentType.APPLICATION_JSON)
.execute().returnContent().asString(Charset.forName("utf-8"));
System.out.println("POST json fluent返回结果：" + result);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
close(httpClient);
}
}
2.4、上传文件
public static void upload() {
String requestPath = "http://localhost:8080/demo/httptest/upload";
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
try {
HttpPost post = new HttpPost(requestPath);
FileInputStream fileInputStream = new FileInputStream("d:/a.jpg");
post.setEntity(new InputStreamEntity(fileInputStream));
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(post);
System.out.println("upload返回状态：" + response.getStatusLine());
HttpEntity responseEntity = response.getEntity();
System.out.println("upload返回结果：" + EntityUtils.toString(responseEntity));
//流畅api调用
String result = Request.Post(requestPath)
.bodyStream(new FileInputStream("d:/a.jpg"))
.execute().returnContent().asString(Charset.forName("utf-8"));
System.out.println("upload fluent返回结果：" + result);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
close(httpClient);
}
}
2.5、上传文件及发送键值对数据
public static void multi() {
String requestPath = "http://localhost:8080/demo/httptest/multi";
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
try {
HttpPost post = new HttpPost(requestPath);
FileBody file = new FileBody(new File("d:/a.jpg"));
HttpEntity requestEntity = MultipartEntityBuilder.create()
.addPart("file", file)
.addPart("param1", new StringBody("参数1", ContentType.create(ContentType.TEXT_PLAIN.getMimeType(), "utf-8")))
.addPart("param2", new StringBody("参数2", ContentType.create(ContentType.TEXT_PLAIN.getMimeType(), "utf-8")))
.build();
post.setEntity(requestEntity);
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(post);
System.out.println("multi返回状态：" + response.getStatusLine());
HttpEntity responseEntity = response.getEntity();
System.out.println("multi返回结果：" + EntityUtils.toString(responseEntity));
//流畅api调用
String result = Request.Post(requestPath)
.body(MultipartEntityBuilder.create()
.addPart("file", file)
.addPart("param1", new StringBody("参数1", ContentType.create(ContentType.TEXT_PLAIN.getMimeType(), "utf-8")))
.addPart("param2", new StringBody("参数2", ContentType.create(ContentType.TEXT_PLAIN.getMimeType(), "utf-8")))
.build())
.execute().returnContent().asString(Charset.forName("utf-8"));
System.out.println("multi fluent返回结果：" + result);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
close(httpClient);
}
}
2.6、完整例子
package com.inspur.demo.http.client; import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List; import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.fluent.Form;
import org.apache.http.client.fluent.Request;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.entity.ContentType;
import org.apache.http.entity.InputStreamEntity;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.MultipartEntityBuilder;
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.content.FileBody;
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.content.StringBody;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils; /**
* 通过HttpClient调用Http接口
*/
public class HttpClientCase {
/**
* GET请求
*/
public static void get() {
String requestPath = "http://localhost:8080/demo/httptest/getUser?userId=1000&userName=李白";
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
try {
HttpGet get = new HttpGet(requestPath);
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(get);
System.out.println("GET返回状态：" + response.getStatusLine());
HttpEntity responseEntity = response.getEntity();
System.out.println("GET返回结果：" + EntityUtils.toString(responseEntity)); //流畅api调用
String result = Request.Get(requestPath).execute().returnContent().asString(Charset.forName("utf-8"));
System.out.println("GET fluent返回结果：" + result);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
close(httpClient);
}
} /**
* POST请求(发送键值对数据)
*/
public static void post() {
String requestPath = "http://localhost:8080/demo/httptest/getUser";
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
try {
HttpPost post = new HttpPost(requestPath);
List<NameValuePair> list = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
list.add(new BasicNameValuePair("userId", "1000"));
list.add(new BasicNameValuePair("userName", "李白"));
post.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(list, "utf-8")); CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(post);
System.out.println("POST返回状态：" + response.getStatusLine());
HttpEntity responseEntity = response.getEntity();
System.out.println("POST返回结果：" + EntityUtils.toString(responseEntity)); //流畅api调用
String result = Request.Post(requestPath)
.bodyForm(Form.form().add("userId", "1000").add("userName", "李白").build(), Charset.forName("utf-8"))
.execute().returnContent().asString(Charset.forName("utf-8"));
System.out.println("POST fluent返回结果：" + result);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
close(httpClient);
}
} /**
* POST请求(发送json数据)
*/
public static void post2() {
String requestPath = "http://localhost:8080/demo/httptest/addUser";
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
try {
HttpPost post = new HttpPost(requestPath);
post.setHeader("Content-type", "application/json");
String param = "{\"userId\": \"1001\",\"userName\":\"杜甫\"}";
post.setEntity(new StringEntity(param, "utf-8")); CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(post);
System.out.println("POST json返回状态：" + response.getStatusLine());
HttpEntity responseEntity = response.getEntity();
System.out.println("POST josn返回结果：" + EntityUtils.toString(responseEntity)); //流畅api调用
String result = Request.Post(requestPath)
.addHeader("Content-type", "application/json")
.bodyString(param, ContentType.APPLICATION_JSON)
.execute().returnContent().asString(Charset.forName("utf-8"));
System.out.println("POST json fluent返回结果：" + result);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
close(httpClient);
}
} /**
* 上传文件
*/
public static void upload() {
String requestPath = "http://localhost:8080/demo/httptest/upload";
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
try {
HttpPost post = new HttpPost(requestPath);
FileInputStream fileInputStream = new FileInputStream("d:/a.jpg");
post.setEntity(new InputStreamEntity(fileInputStream)); CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(post);
System.out.println("upload返回状态：" + response.getStatusLine());
HttpEntity responseEntity = response.getEntity();
System.out.println("upload返回结果：" + EntityUtils.toString(responseEntity)); //流畅api调用
String result = Request.Post(requestPath)
.bodyStream(new FileInputStream("d:/a.jpg"))
.execute().returnContent().asString(Charset.forName("utf-8"));
System.out.println("upload fluent返回结果：" + result);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
close(httpClient);
}
} /**
* 上传文件及发送键值对数据
*/
public static void multi() {
String requestPath = "http://localhost:8080/demo/httptest/multi";
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
try {
HttpPost post = new HttpPost(requestPath);
FileBody file = new FileBody(new File("d:/a.jpg"));
HttpEntity requestEntity = MultipartEntityBuilder.create()
.addPart("file", file)
.addPart("param1", new StringBody("参数1", ContentType.create(ContentType.TEXT_PLAIN.getMimeType(), "utf-8")))
.addPart("param2", new StringBody("参数2", ContentType.create(ContentType.TEXT_PLAIN.getMimeType(), "utf-8")))
.build();
post.setEntity(requestEntity); CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(post);
System.out.println("multi返回状态：" + response.getStatusLine());
HttpEntity responseEntity = response.getEntity();
System.out.println("multi返回结果：" + EntityUtils.toString(responseEntity)); //流畅api调用
String result = Request.Post(requestPath)
.body(MultipartEntityBuilder.create()
.addPart("file", file)
.addPart("param1", new StringBody("参数1", ContentType.create(ContentType.TEXT_PLAIN.getMimeType(), "utf-8")))
.addPart("param2", new StringBody("参数2", ContentType.create(ContentType.TEXT_PLAIN.getMimeType(), "utf-8")))
.build())
.execute().returnContent().asString(Charset.forName("utf-8"));
System.out.println("multi fluent返回结果：" + result);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
close(httpClient);
}
} private static void close(CloseableHttpClient httpClient) {
try {
if (httpClient != null) {
httpClient.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
} public static void main(String[] args) {
get();
post();
post2();
upload();
multi();
} }
3、调用Https接口
与调用Http接口不一样的部分主要在设置ssl部分，其ssl的设置与HttpsURLConnection很相似(参见Java调用Http/Https接口(2)--HttpURLConnection/HttpsURLConnection调用Http/Https接口)；下面用GET请求来演示ssl的设置，其他调用方式类似。
package com.inspur.demo.http.client; import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.security.KeyStore; import javax.net.ssl.HostnameVerifier;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLSession; import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.TrustSelfSignedStrategy;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.ssl.SSLContextBuilder;
import org.apache.http.ssl.SSLContexts;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils; import com.inspur.demo.common.util.FileUtil; /**
* 通过HttpClient调用Https接口
*/
public class HttpClientHttpsCase { public static void main(String[] args) {
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = null;
CloseableHttpClient httpClient2 = null;
CloseableHttpClient httpClient3 = null;
try {
/*
* 请求有权威证书的地址
*/
String requestPath = "https://www.baidu.com/";
httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
HttpGet get = new HttpGet(requestPath);
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(get);
System.out.println("GET1返回结果：" + EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "utf-8")); /*
* 请求自定义证书的地址
*/
//获取信任证书库
KeyStore trustStore = getkeyStore("jks", "d:/temp/cacerts", "123456"); //不需要客户端证书
requestPath = "https://10.40.x.x:9010/zsywservice";
SSLConnectionSocketFactory factory = getSSLConnectionSocketFactory(trustStore);
httpClient2 = HttpClients.custom().setSSLSocketFactory(factory).build();
get = new HttpGet(requestPath);
response = httpClient2.execute(get);
System.out.println("GET2返回结果：" + EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity())); //需要客户端证书
requestPath = "https://10.40.x.x:9016/zsywservice";
KeyStore keyStore = getkeyStore("pkcs12", "d:/client.p12", "123456");
factory = getSSLConnectionSocketFactory(keyStore, "123456", trustStore);
httpClient3 = HttpClients.custom().setSSLSocketFactory(factory).build();
get = new HttpGet(requestPath);
response = httpClient3.execute(get);
System.out.println("GET3返回结果：" + EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity()));
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
close(httpClient);
close(httpClient2);
close(httpClient3);
}
} public static SSLConnectionSocketFactory getSSLConnectionSocketFactory(KeyStore trustStore) throws Exception {
return getSSLConnectionSocketFactory(null, null, trustStore);
} public static SSLConnectionSocketFactory getSSLConnectionSocketFactory(KeyStore keyStore, String keyStorePassword, KeyStore trustStore) throws Exception {
SSLContextBuilder bulider = SSLContexts.custom();
if (keyStore != null) {
bulider.loadKeyMaterial(keyStore, keyStorePassword.toCharArray());
}
if (trustStore != null) {
bulider.loadTrustMaterial(trustStore, null);
} else {
bulider.loadTrustMaterial(new TrustSelfSignedStrategy());
}
SSLContext sslContext = bulider.build(); // 验证URL的主机名和服务器的标识主机名是否匹配
HostnameVerifier hostnameVerifier = new HostnameVerifier() {
@Override
public boolean verify(String hostname, SSLSession session) {
// if ("xxx".equals(hostname)) {
// return true;
// } else {
// return false;
// }
return true;
}
};
SSLConnectionSocketFactory factory = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(sslContext,
new String[] { "TLSv1", "TLSv1.2" }, null, hostnameVerifier);
return factory;
} public static SSLConnectionSocketFactory getSSLConnectionSocketFactory() throws Exception {
return getSSLConnectionSocketFactory(null, null, null);
} private static KeyStore getkeyStore(String type, String filePath, String password) {
KeyStore keySotre = null;
FileInputStream in = null;
try {
keySotre = KeyStore.getInstance(type);
in = new FileInputStream(new File(filePath));
keySotre.load(in, password.toCharArray());
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
FileUtil.close(in);
}
return keySotre;
} private static void close(CloseableHttpClient httpClient) {
try {
if (httpClient != null) {
httpClient.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
} }
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