Python3 操作mysql数据库

python关于mysql的API－－pymysql模块

pymsql是Python中操作MySQL的模块，其使用方法和py2的MySQLdb几乎相同。

模块安装

pip install pymysql

执行sql语句

#导入pymysql模块
import pymysql
 
# 连接数据库
connect = pymysql.connect(host = '10.135.30.141',port = 3306,user = 'root',passwd = 'root@123',db = 'test',charset = 'utf8')
# 定义游标
cursor = connect.cursor()
#更改获取数据结果的数据类型,默认是元组,可以改为字典等:
# cursor = connect.cursor(cursor=pymysql.cursors.DictCursor)
# 执行SQL，count 是执行sql影响的行数
count = cursor.execute("select * from t1")
# 返回1条
#cursor.fetchone()
# 返回多条
# cursor.fetchmany()
# 返回所有行数
results = cursor.fetchall()
print(results)
#scroll移动光标
#cursor.scroll(-1,mode='relative')  # 相对当前位置移动
#cursor.scroll(2,mode='absolute') # 相对绝对位置移动
 
# 提交sql
connect.commit()
# 关闭游标
cursor.close()
#关闭连接
connect.close()

导出数据到excel表格

# __Desc__ = 从数据库中导出数据到excel数据表中
# __author__ yuxiaohao
 
import pymysql
from openpyxl import Workbook
from openpyxl.writer.excel import ExcelWriter
from openpyxl.cell.cell import get_column_letter
import datetime,time,logging
 
# 开始日期
if datetime.date.today().month - 1 == 0:
    start_date = datetime.date(datetime.date.today().year -1,datetime.date.today().month - 1 or 12,1)
else:
    start_date = datetime.date(datetime.date.today().year, datetime.date.today().month - 1, 1)
# 结束日期
stop_date = datetime.date(datetime.date.today().year,datetime.date.today().month ,1)
# 当天日期
Today = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d')
# 表格输出路径
DirName = 'E:/'
# 表格名字
FileName = '%sshop-invoices-exp-%s.xlsx' % (DirName, Today)
 
# 需要执行的SQL
SQL=""
 
# SQL转换成小写
SQL=SQL.lower()
 
# 定义日志
logging.basicConfig(filename='%saccess.log' %DirName,
                    format='%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s -%(module)s:  %(message)s',
                    datefmt='%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %p',
                    level=10)
 
class MYSQL:
    def __init__(self):
        pass
 
    def __del__(self):
        self._connect.commit()
        self._cursor.close()
        self._connect.close()
 
    def connectDB(self):
        """
        连接数据库
        :return:
        """
        try:
            self._connect = pymysql.Connect(
                host='',
                port=3306,
                user='',
                passwd='',
                db='',
                charset='utf8'
            )
 
            return 0
        except:
            return -1
 
    def export(self, table_name, output_path):
        self._cursor = self._connect.cursor()
        count = self._cursor.execute(SQL)
        logging.info('返回%s行数据' %count)
        # 搜取所有结果
        results = self._cursor.fetchall()
        # 获取字段名
        fields_complex = self._cursor.description
        # 字段名加入li 列表中
        fields = []
        for i in range(len(fields_complex)):
            fields.append(fields_complex[i][0])
        # 创建表格
        wb = Workbook()
        ws = wb.active
        ws = wb.worksheets[0]
        # 字段名添加到表格
        ws.append(fields)
        # 数据添加到表格
        for ret in results:
            ws.append(ret)
        #保存
        wb.save(output_path)
 
if __name__ == '__main__':
    mysql = MYSQL()
    flag = mysql.connectDB()
    if flag == -1:
        logging.info('数据库连接失败')
    else:
        logging.info('数据库连接成功')
    mysql.export('t1', '%s' % FileName)
    mysql.__del__()
    if FileName:
        logging.info('数据导出成功！')
    else:
        logging.info('数据导出失败！')