Django框架----权限组件（具体代码实现）

1、settings

"""
Django settings for day80 project.
 
Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 1.11.6.
 
For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/topics/settings/
 
For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/
"""
 
import os
 
# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
 
# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/howto/deployment/checklist/
 
# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = '7x(f$0j0c#)hn)8i(uv6j*sg^h_7v9$eak#pu_n4ji05=v28ca'
 
# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True
 
ALLOWED_HOSTS = []
 
# Application definition
 
INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'app01.apps.App01Config',
    'rbac',
]
from django.middleware.common import CommonMiddleware
MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
    'rbac.middlewear.rbac.Middle',
]
 
ROOT_URLCONF = 'day80.urls'
 
TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')]
        ,
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]
 
WSGI_APPLICATION = 'day80.wsgi.application'
 
# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/#databases
 
DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
        'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),
    }
}
 
# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators
 
AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
    },
]
 
# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/topics/i18n/
 
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'
 
TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'
 
USE_I18N = True
 
USE_L10N = True
 
USE_TZ = True
 
# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/howto/static-files/
 
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
# ==========静态文件配置=========
STATICFILES_DIRS = (
    os.path.join(BASE_DIR,'static'),
)
# ==========rbac============
PERMISSION_URL_DICT = "permission_url_list"
PERMISSION_MENU_KEY = "permission_menu_list"
 
# =========白名单（不需要权限就可以看到的）==========
WHITE_LIST =[
     "/login/",
     "/admin.*",
     "/index/",
]

settings.py

2、rbac应用下的models

from django.db import models
 
# Create your models here.
class Role(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(max_length=32,verbose_name="角色")
    permissions = models.ManyToManyField(to="Permission",verbose_name="拥有权限的角色",blank=True)  #权限和角色是多对多的关系
 
    def __str__(self):
        return self.title
    class Meta:
        verbose_name_plural = "角色表"
 
class Permission(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(max_length=32,verbose_name="权限名")
    url = models.CharField(max_length=32,verbose_name="带正则的url")
    codes = models.CharField(max_length=32,verbose_name="代码")
    group = models.ForeignKey(to="Group",verbose_name="所属组",blank=True)  #组和权限是一对多的关系，一个组有多个权限
    menu_gp = models.ForeignKey(to='Permission',related_name='aaa',null=True,blank=True,verbose_name="组内菜单")
    def __str__(self):
        return self.title
    class Meta:
        verbose_name_plural = "权限表"
 
class UserInfo(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=32,verbose_name="姓名")
    password = models.CharField(max_length=64,verbose_name="密码")
    email = models.CharField(max_length=32,verbose_name="邮箱")
    roles = models.ManyToManyField(to="Role",blank=True)  #用户和角色是多对多的关系
    def __str__(self):
        return self.name
    class Meta:
        verbose_name_plural = "用户表"
 
class Group(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(max_length=32,verbose_name="组名称")
    menu = models.ForeignKey(to="Menu",verbose_name="组内菜单",blank=True)  #一个组下有多个菜单
    def __str__(self):
        return self.title
    class Meta:
        verbose_name_plural = "组"
 
class Menu(models.Model):
    caption = models.CharField(max_length=32,verbose_name="菜单")
    def __str__(self):
        return self.caption
    class Meta:
        verbose_name_plural = "菜单表"

models.py

3、urls

from django.conf.urls import url
from django.contrib import admin
from app01 import views
urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
    url(r'^login/$', views.login),
    url(r'^index/$', views.index),
    url(r'^userinfo/$', views.userinfo),
    url(r'^userinfo/add/$', views.userinfo_add),
    url(r'^userinfo/del/(\d+)/$', views.userinfo_del),
    url(r'^userinfo/edit/(\d+)/$', views.userinfo_edit),
    url(r'^order/$', views.order),
    url(r'^order/add/$', views.order_add),
    url(r'^order/del/(\d+)/$', views.order_del),
    url(r'^order/edit/(\d+)/$', views.order_edit),
]

urls.py

4、初始化   server--init_permission

#!usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
from django.conf import settings
def init_permission(user, request):
    '''
    初始化权限信息，获取权限信息并放置到session中
    :param user:
    :param request:
    :return:
    '''
    permission_list = user.roles.values('permissions__id',
                                        'permissions__title',  # 用户列表
                                        'permissions__url',
                                        'permissions__codes',
                                        'permissions__menu_gp_id',  # 组内菜单ID，Null表示是菜单
                                        'permissions__group_id',
                                        'permissions__group__menu_id',  # 菜单ID
                                        'permissions__group__menu__caption',  # 菜单名称
                                        ).distinct()  # 获取当前角色对象的所有的权限并去重
    # print(permission_list)
    # 权限相关
    url_dict = {}
    for item in permission_list:
        group_id = item["permissions__group_id"]
        url = item["permissions__url"]
        code = item["permissions__codes"]
        # print("code_list", code)
        if group_id in url_dict:
            url_dict[group_id]["code"].append(code)  # 如果id在里面就把code和url添加进去
            url_dict[group_id]["urls"].append(url)
        else:
            # 如果不在就设置
            url_dict[group_id] = {
                "code": [code, ],
                "urls": [url, ]
            }
    request.session[settings.PERMISSION_URL_DICT] = url_dict
    print(url_dict)
 
    #菜单相关
    # 1、先去掉不是菜单的
    menu_list = []
    for item in permission_list:
        tpl = {
            "id":item["permissions__id"],
            "title":item["permissions__title"],
            "url":item["permissions__url"],
            "menu_gp_id":item["permissions__menu_gp_id"],
            "menu_id":item["permissions__group__menu_id"],
            "menu_title":item["permissions__group__menu__caption"]
        }
        menu_list.append(tpl)
    request.session[settings.PERMISSION_MENU_KEY] = menu_list
    print("============",menu_list)

sever下的init_permission.py

5、app01下的views

from django.shortcuts import render, redirect, HttpResponse
from django.conf import settings
# Create your views here.
from rbac import models
import re
from rbac.service.init_permission import init_permission
class BasePagPermission(object):
    def __init__(self, code_list):
        self.code_list = code_list
 
    def has_add(self):
        if "add" in self.code_list:
            return True
 
    def has_del(self):
        if "del" in self.code_list:
            return True
 
    def has_edit(self):
        if "edit" in self.code_list:
            return True
 
def login(request):
    if request.method == "GET":
        return render(request, "login.html")
    else:
        username = request.POST.get("username")
        password = request.POST.get("password")
        user = models.UserInfo.objects.filter(name=username, password=password).first()
        if user:
            init_permission(user, request)
            return redirect("/userinfo/")
        else:
            return render(request, "login.html")
 
def index(request):
    return render(request, "index.html")
 
def userinfo(request):
    pagpermission = BasePagPermission(request.permission_code_url)  # 实例化
    # print("code......", request.permission_code_url)
    data_list = [
        {"id": 1, "name": "haiyan1"},
        {"id": 2, "name": "haiyan2"},
        {"id": 3, "name": "haiyan3"},
        {"id": 4, "name": "haiyan4"},
        {"id": 5, "name": "haiyan5"},
    ]
    #print("data_list",data_list)
    #print("pagpermission",pagpermission)
    return render(request, "userinfo.html", {"data_list": data_list, "pagpermission": pagpermission})
 
def userinfo_add(request):
    if request.method == "GET":
        return render(request,"userinfo_add.html")
    else:
        return redirect("/userinfo/")
 
def userinfo_del(request, nid):
    return HttpResponse("删除用户")
 
def userinfo_edit(request, nid):
    return HttpResponse("编辑用户")
 
def order(request):
    pagpermission = BasePagPermission(request.permission_code_url)  # 实例化
    print("code......", request.permission_code_url)
    return render(request,"order.html",{"pagpermission":pagpermission})
 
def order_add(request):
    return HttpResponse("添加订单")
 
def order_del(request, nid):
    return HttpResponse("删除订单")
 
def order_edit(request, nid):
    return HttpResponse("编辑订单")

views.py

6、中间件

#!usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
from django.shortcuts import render, redirect, HttpResponse
from django.conf import settings
import re
 
class MiddlewareMixin(object):
    def __init__(self, get_response=None):
        self.get_response = get_response
        super(MiddlewareMixin, self).__init__()
 
    def __call__(self, request):
        response = None
        if hasattr(self, 'process_request'):
            response = self.process_request(request)
        if not response:
            response = self.get_response(request)
        if hasattr(self, 'process_response'):
            response = self.process_response(request, response)
        return response
 
class Middle(MiddlewareMixin):  # 必须去继承这个类
    def process_request(self, request):
        current_url = request.path_info  # 获取当前请求的路径
 
        # 如果匹配的是白名单里面的就让通过，不需要权限
        for url in settings.WHITE_LIST:
            if re.match(url, current_url):
                return None
        permission_dict = request.session.get(settings.PERMISSION_URL_DICT)  # 获取session
        if not permission_dict:  # 如果没有得到，就直接跳转到login页面
            return redirect("/login/")
 
        flag = False
        for group_id, code_url in permission_dict.items():
            for db_url in code_url["urls"]:
                regex = "^{0}$".format(db_url)
                # 因为match匹配的时候会把你只要有的都匹配到了，我们只匹配当前的url，所以得加一个起始终止符
                # print(regex, current_url)
                if re.match(regex, current_url):
                    # print(1111111)
                    request.permission_code_url = code_url["code"]  # 用户输入的url和数据库的url匹配成功之后成功之后先把code保存在request中，方便以后判断
                    flag = True
                    break  # 如果匹配成功就进入页面
                    # 注意在这里不能用return，在中间件中process_request这个函数如果有return就只会执行自己的
                    #   response和上面的response,不会执行后续的。没有return就会去继续执行后续中间件和视图函数
            if flag:  # 结束外层循环
                break
        if not flag:
            return HttpResponse("无权访问")  # 如果访问不成功就显示无权访问
 
    def process_reponse(self, request, response):
        return response

middlewear下的rbac.py

7、templatetags下的rbac.py

#!usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
from django.conf import settings
import re
from django.template import Library
register = Library()
@register.inclusion_tag("xxxx.html")
def menu_html(request):
    """
       去Session中获取菜单相关信息，匹配当前URL，生成菜单
       :param request:
       :return:
       """
    menu_list = request.session.get(settings.PERMISSION_MENU_KEY)
    current_url = request.path_info
    menu_dict = {}
    for item in menu_list:
        # 循环找到可以作为菜单的权限
        if not item["menu_gp_id"]:
            menu_dict[item["id"]] = item
    # 正则匹配添加active
    for item in menu_list:
        regex = "^{0}$".format(item["url"])
        if re.match(regex, current_url):
            # 匹配成功在根据id去判断,如果菜单id有值就不是菜单，则去找它的值对应的id,添加active
            # ，为null时就是菜单,直接给自己添加一个active
            if not item["menu_gp_id"]:  #是菜单
                menu_dict[item["id"]]["active"] = True
            else:
                menu_dict[item["menu_gp_id"]]["active"] = True
 
    result = {}
    for item in menu_dict.values():
        active = item.get("active")
        menu_id = item["menu_id"]
        if menu_id in result:
            result[menu_id]["children"].append({'title': item['title'], 'url': item['url'], 'active': active})
            if active:
                result[menu_id]["active"] = True
        else:
            result[menu_id] = {
                'menu_id': item['menu_id'],
                'menu_title': item['menu_title'],
                'active': active,
                'children': [
                    {'title': item['title'], 'url': item['url'], 'active': active}
                ]
            }
    print("result",result)
    return {"menu_dict":result}

自定义标签rbac.py

8、template

{% load rbac %}
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width">
    <title>Title</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/rbac/rbac.css">
</head>
<body>
<div class="aaa">
    <div class="left">
        {% menu_html request %}
    </div>
    <div class="right">
        {% block content %}
 
        {% endblock %}
    </div>
</div>
<script src="/static/jquery-3.2.1.min.js"></script>
<script src="/static/rbac/rbac.js"></script>
 
</body>
</html>

base.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>hello--{{ user.name }}</h1>
</body>
</html>

index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<form method="post" action="/login/">
    {% csrf_token %}
    <p>姓名：<input type="text" name="username"></p>
    <p>密码：<input type="password" name="password"></p>
    <p><input type="submit" value="提交"></p>
</form>
</body>
</html>

login.html

{% extends "base.html" %}
{% block content %}
<h1>订单页面</h1>
{% endblock %}

order.html

{% extends "base.html" %}
{% block content %}
{% if pagpermission.has_add %}
        <a href="/userinfo/add/">添加</a>
        {% endif %}
        <table border="">
            <thead>
                <th>编号</th>
                <th>姓名</th>
                <th>操作</th>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
            {% for row in data_list %}
                <tr>
                    <td>{{ row.id }}</td>
                    <td>{{ row.name }}</td>
                    <td>
                        {% if pagpermission.has_edit %}
                         <a href="#">编辑</a>
                        {% endif %}
                       {% if pagpermission.has_del %}
                        <a href="#">删除</a>
                       {% endif %}
                    </td>
                </tr>
            {% endfor %}
            </tbody>
        </table>
{% endblock %}

userinfo.html

{% extends "base.html" %}
{% block content %}
<form action="" method="post">
    {% csrf_token %}
    <p>编号：<input type="text" name="bianhao"></p>
    <p>姓名：<input type="text" name="name"></p>
    <input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>
{% endblock %}

userinfo_add.html

{% for k,item in menu_dict.items %}
 <div class="item-title">{{ item.menu_title }}</div>
     {% if item.active %}
            <div class="item-permission">
        {% else %}
            <div class="item-permission hide">
        {% endif %}
        {% for v in item.children %}
            {% if v.active %}
                    <a href="{{ v.url }}" class="active">{{ v.title }}</a>
            {% else %}
                    <a href="{{ v.url }}">{{ v.title }}</a>
            {% endif %}
        {% endfor %}
    </div>
{% endfor %}
 
{# <div class="item-title">菜单一</div>#}
{#        <div class="item-permission">#}
{#            <a href="">用户列表</a>#}
{#            <a href="">订单列表</a>#}
{#        </div>#}
{#    <div class="item-title">菜单二</div>#}
{#        <div class="item-permission hide">#}
{#            <a href="">用户列表</a>#}
{#            <a href="">订单列表</a>#}
{#        </div>#}

xxxx.html

9、static---rbac---rbac.css

.left{
    float: left;
    width: 20%;
    height: 500px;
    background-color: coral;
    padding: 20px 20px;
}
.right{
    width: 80%;
    height: 500px;
    background-color: azure;
}
.item-permission a{
    display: block;
}
.hide{
    display: none;
}
.item-permission a.active{
    color: red;
}

rbac.css

10、static---rbac---rbac.js

// 方式一
$(function () {
        $(".item-title").click(function () {
              $(this).next().toggleClass("hide")
        })
    });
// 方式二：
//  $(function () {
//     $('.item-title').click(function () {
//         if($(this).next().hasClass('hide')){
//             $(this).next().removeClass('hide')
//         }else{
//             $(this).next().addClass('hide')
//         }
//     })
//  });

rbac.js