Request笔记
1 Request 的简介和运行环境
1．HttpServletRequest 概述
我们在创建 Servlet 时会覆盖 service()方法，或 doGet()/doPost(),这些
方法都有两个参数，一个为代表请求的 request 和代表响应 response。
service 方法中的 request 的类型是 ServletRequest，而 doGet/doPost 方
法 的 request 的 类 型 是 HttpServletRequest ， HttpServletRequest 是
ServletRequest 的 子 接 口 ， 功 能 和 方 法 更 加 强 大 ， 今 天 我 们 学 习
HttpServletRequest。
2．request 的运行流程
2 通过 request 获得【请求行】
1 通过抓包工具抓取 Http 请求
因为 request代表请求，所以我们可以通过该对象分别获得 Http请求的请求行，请求头和请求体
。
2 通过 request 获得请求行
html部分代码：
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="/WEBTest13/line" method="get">
<input type="text" name="username"><br> <input
type="password" name="password"><br> <input
type="submit" value="提交"><br>
</form>
</body>
</html>
servlet代码：
package p5.request; import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; public class LineServlet extends HttpServlet { public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
//首先解决respone中文乱码
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8"); // 1 获取客户端的请求方法
String method = request.getMethod();
System.out.println("method:"+method); // 2 获得请求的资源相关的内容
String requestURI = request.getRequestURI();
StringBuffer requestURL = request.getRequestURL();
System.out.println("requestURI:"+requestURI);
System.out.println("requestURL:"+requestURL); // 3 获取web应用的名称
String contextPath = request.getContextPath();
System.out.println("contextPath:"+contextPath); // 4 获取地址后的参数字符串
String queryString = request.getQueryString();
System.out.println("queryString:"+queryString); // 5 获得请求的协议版本
String protocol = request.getProtocol();
System.out.println("protocol:"+protocol);
} public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(request, response);
} }
运行结果：
3 Resquest 获得客户机的信息
4 通过 request 获得【请求头】
servlet代码：
package header; import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Enumeration; import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; public class HeaderServlet extends HttpServlet { protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException { //1、获得指定的头
String header = request.getHeader("User-Agent");
System.out.println(header);
//2、获得所有的头的名称
Enumeration<String> headerNames = request.getHeaderNames();
while(headerNames.hasMoreElements()){
String headerName = headerNames.nextElement();
String headerValue = request.getHeader(headerName);
System.out.println(headerName+":"+headerValue);
} } protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(request, response);
}
}
html代码：
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<a href="/WEB15/referer">访问 headerServlet 资源</a>
<form action="/WEBTest13/line" method="get">
<input type="text" name="username"><br> <input
type="password" name="password"><br> <input
type="submit" value="提交"><br>
</form>
</body>
</html>
演示做防盗链代码实现
html部分代码：
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<a href="/WEB15/referer">奥运会金牌100块</a>
</body>
</html>
servlet代码
package header; import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; public class RefererServlet extends HttpServlet { protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
//解决乱码问题
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8"); //对该新闻的来源的进行判断
String header = request.getHeader("referer");
if(header!=null&&header.startsWith("http://localhost")){
//是从我自己的网站跳转过来的 可以看新闻
response.getWriter().write("中国确实已经拿到100块金牌....");
}else{
response.getWriter().write("你是盗链者，可耻！！");
} } protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(request, response);
}
}
5 通过 request 获得【请求体】
html部分的代码：
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<a href="/WEBTest13/referer">访问headerServlet资源</a>
<form action="/WEBTest13/line" method="get">
<input type="text" name="username"><br>
<input type="password" name="password"><br>
<input type="submit" value="提交"><br>
</form>
<hr/>
<form action="/WEBTest13/content" method="get">
<input type="text" name="username"><br>
<input type="password" name="password"><br>
<input type="checkbox" name="hobby" value="zq">足球
<input type="checkbox" name="hobby" value="pq">排球
<input type="checkbox" name="hobby" value="ppq">乒乓球<br>
<input type="submit" value="提交"><br>
</form>
</body>
</html>
servlet部分代码：
package cotnet; import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Enumeration;
import java.util.Map; import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; public class ContentServlet extends HttpServlet { protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException { //1、获得单个表单值
String username = request.getParameter("username");
System.out.println(username);
String password = request.getParameter("password");
System.out.println(password);
//2、获得多个表单的值
String[] hobbys = request.getParameterValues("hobby");
for(String hobby:hobbys){
System.out.println(hobby);
}
//3、获得所有的请求参数的名称
Enumeration<String> parameterNames = request.getParameterNames();
while(parameterNames.hasMoreElements()){
System.out.println(parameterNames.nextElement());
}
System.out.println("------------------");
//4、获得所有的参数 参数封装到一个Map<String,String[]>
Map<String, String[]> parameterMap = request.getParameterMap();
for(Map.Entry<String, String[]> entry:parameterMap.entrySet()){
System.out.println(entry.getKey());
for(String str:entry.getValue()){
System.out.println(str);
}
System.out.println("---------------------------");
} }
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(request, response);
}
}
6 Resquest 域对象和请求转发
1 request 是一个域对象
2 request 完成请求转发
servlet1代码：
package forward; import java.io.IOException; import javax.servlet.RequestDispatcher;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; public class Servlet1 extends HttpServlet { protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException { //想request域中存储数据
request.setAttribute("name", "tom"); //servlet1 将请求转发给servlet2
RequestDispatcher dispatcher = request.getRequestDispatcher("/servlet2");
//执行转发的方法
dispatcher.forward(request, response); } protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(request, response);
}
}
servlet2代码：
package forward; import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; public class Servlet2 extends HttpServlet { protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException { //从request域中取出数据
Object attribute = request.getAttribute("name"); response.getWriter().write("hello haohao..."+attribute);
} protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(request, response);
}
}
运行结果：
3 ServletContext 域与 Request 域的生命周期比较？
4转发与重定向的区别？
5 客户端地址与服务器端地址的写法？
7 注册分析
8 注册的基本实现
1 创建user表
CREATE TABLE `user` (
`uid` varchar(50) NOT NULL,
`username` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
`password` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
`name` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
`email` varchar(30) DEFAULT NULL,
`telephone` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
`birthday` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
`sex` varchar(10) DEFAULT NULL,
`state` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
`code` varchar(64) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`uid`)
)
2 Servlet代码
package register; import java.io.IOException;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.UUID; import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import org.apache.commons.beanutils.BeanUtils;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.QueryRunner; import com.ithiema.utils.DataSourceUtils; public class RegisterServlet extends HttpServlet { protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
//设置request的编码---只适合post方式
request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8"); //get方式乱码解决
//String username = request.getParameter("username");//乱码
//先用iso8859-1编码 在使用utf-8解码
//username = new String(username.getBytes("iso8859-1"),"UTF-8"); //1、获取数据
//String username = request.getParameter("username");
//System.out.println(username);
//String password = request.getParameter("password");
//..... //2、将散装的封装到javaBean
//User user = new User();
//user.setUsername(username);
//user.setPassword(password); //使用BeanUtils进行自动映射封装
//BeanUtils工作原理：将map中的数据 根据key与实体的属性的对应关系封装
//只要key的名字与实体的属性 的名字一样 就自动封装到实体中
Map<String, String[]> properties = request.getParameterMap();
User user = new User();
try {
BeanUtils.populate(user, properties);
} catch (IllegalAccessException | InvocationTargetException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} //现在这个位置 user对象已经封装好了
//手动封装uid----uuid---随机不重复的字符串32位--java代码生成后是36位
user.setUid(UUID.randomUUID().toString()); //3、将参数传递给一个业务操作方法
try {
regist(user);
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} //4、认为注册成功跳转到登录页面
response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath()+"/login.jsp"); } //注册的方法
public void regist(User user) throws SQLException{
//操作数据库
QueryRunner runner = new QueryRunner(DataSourceUtils.getDataSource());
String sql = "insert into user values(?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?)"; runner.update(sql,user.getUid(),user.getUsername(),user.getPassword(),user.getName(),
user.getEmail(),null,user.getBirthday(),user.getSex(),null,null);
} protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(request, response);
}
}
2 User类
package register;
public class User {
private String uid;
private String username;
private String password;
private String name;
private String email;
private String sex;
private String birthday;
public String getUid() {
return uid;
}
public void setUid(String uid) {
this.uid = uid;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getEmail() {
return email;
}
public void setEmail(String email) {
this.email = email;
}
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
public String getBirthday() {
return birthday;
}
public void setBirthday(String birthday) {
this.birthday = birthday;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User [uid=" + uid + ", username=" + username + ", password=" + password + ", name=" + name + ", email="
+ email + ", sex=" + sex + ", birthday=" + birthday + "]";
}
}
9 注册的乱码解决
10 用户登录失败的信息回显
1 LoginServlet 代码 ：
package login; import java.io.IOException;
import java.sql.SQLException; import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import org.apache.commons.dbutils.QueryRunner;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.handlers.BeanHandler; import com.ithiema.register.User;
import com.ithiema.utils.DataSourceUtils; public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet { protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException { request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8"); //1、获得用户名和密码
String username = request.getParameter("username");
String password = request.getParameter("password");
//2、调用一个业务方法进行该用户查询
User login = null;
try {
login = login(username,password);
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
//3、通过user是否为null判断用户名和密码是否正确
if(login!=null){
//用户名和密码正确
//登录成功 跳转到网站的首页
response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath());
}else{
//用户名或密码错误
//跳回当前login.jsp
//使用转发 转发到login.jsp 向request域中存储错误信息
request.setAttribute("loginInfo", "用户名或密码错误");
request.getRequestDispatcher("/login.jsp").forward(request, response);
} } public User login(String username,String password) throws SQLException{
QueryRunner runner = new QueryRunner(DataSourceUtils.getDataSource());
String sql = "select * from user where username=? and password=?";
User user = runner.query(sql, new BeanHandler<User>(User.class), username,password);
return user;
} protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(request, response);
}
}
2 login.jsp代码
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<title>会员登录</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/bootstrap.min.css" type="text/css" />
<script src="js/jquery-1.11.3.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
<script src="js/bootstrap.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
<!-- 引入自定义css文件 style.css -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/style.css" type="text/css" /> <style>
body {
margin-top: 20px;
margin: 0 auto;
} .carousel-inner .item img {
width: 100%;
height: 300px;
} .container .row div {
/* position:relative;
float:left; */ } font {
color: #666;
font-size: 22px;
font-weight: normal;
padding-right: 17px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body> <!-- 引入header.jsp -->
<jsp:include page="/header.jsp"></jsp:include> <div class="container"
style="width: 100%; height: 460px; background: #FF2C4C url('images/loginbg.jpg') no-repeat;">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-7">
<!--<img src="./image/login.jpg" width="500" height="330" alt="会员登录" title="会员登录">-->
</div> <div class="col-md-5">
<div
style="width: 440px; border: 1px solid #E7E7E7; padding: 20px 0 20px 30px; border-radius: 5px; margin-top: 60px; background: #fff;">
<font>会员登录</font>USER LOGIN
<div><%=request.getAttribute("loginInfo")==null?"":request.getAttribute("loginInfo")%></div>
<form class="form-horizontal" action="/WEB15/login" method="post">
<div class="form-group">
<label for="username" class="col-sm-2 control-label">用户名</label>
<div class="col-sm-6">
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="username" name="username"
placeholder="请输入用户名">
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="inputPassword3" class="col-sm-2 control-label">密码</label>
<div class="col-sm-6">
<input type="password" class="form-control" id="inputPassword3" name="password"
placeholder="请输入密码">
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="inputPassword3" class="col-sm-2 control-label">验证码</label>
<div class="col-sm-3">
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="inputPassword3"
placeholder="请输入验证码">
</div>
<div class="col-sm-3">
<img src="./image/captcha.jhtml" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<div class="col-sm-offset-2 col-sm-10">
<div class="checkbox">
<label> <input type="checkbox"> 自动登录
</label> <label> <input
type="checkbox"> 记住用户名
</label>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<div class="col-sm-offset-2 col-sm-10">
<input type="submit" width="100" value="登录" name="submit"
style="background: url('./images/login.gif') no-repeat scroll 0 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); height: 35px; width: 100px; color: white;">
</div>
</div>
</form>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div> <!-- 引入footer.jsp -->
<jsp:include page="/footer.jsp"></jsp:include> </body>
</html>
11 知识点总结
12 Xmind_总结
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