从源码看java线程状态

关于java线程状态，网上查资料很混乱，有的说5种状态，有的说6种状态，初学者搞不清楚这个线程状态到底是怎么样的，今天我讲一下如何看源码去解决这个疑惑。

直接上代码：

public class ThreadState {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 创建一个线程
        Thread thread = new Thread();
        //调用方法获取当前线程状态。
        Thread.State state = thread.getState();
    }
}

idea工具，Ctrl+鼠标,点进State查看源码：

/**
 * A thread state.  A thread can be in one of the following states:
 * <ul>
 * <li>{@link #NEW}<br>
 *     A thread that has not yet started is in this state.
 *     </li>
 * <li>{@link #RUNNABLE}<br>
 *     A thread executing in the Java virtual machine is in this state.
 *     </li>
 * <li>{@link #BLOCKED}<br>
 *     A thread that is blocked waiting for a monitor lock
 *     is in this state.
 *     </li>
 * <li>{@link #WAITING}<br>
 *     A thread that is waiting indefinitely for another thread to
 *     perform a particular action is in this state.
 *     </li>
 * <li>{@link #TIMED_WAITING}<br>
 *     A thread that is waiting for another thread to perform an action
 *     for up to a specified waiting time is in this state.
 *     </li>
 * <li>{@link #TERMINATED}<br>
 *     A thread that has exited is in this state.
 *     </li>
 * </ul>
 *
 * <p>
 * A thread can be in only one state at a given point in time.
 * These states are virtual machine states which do not reflect
 * any operating system thread states.
 *
 * @since   1.5
 * @see #getState
 */
public enum State {
    /**
     * Thread state for a thread which has not yet started.
     */
    NEW,

    /**
     * Thread state for a runnable thread.  A thread in the runnable
     * state is executing in the Java virtual machine but it may
     * be waiting for other resources from the operating system
     * such as processor.
     */
    RUNNABLE,

    /**
     * Thread state for a thread blocked waiting for a monitor lock.
     * A thread in the blocked state is waiting for a monitor lock
     * to enter a synchronized block/method or
     * reenter a synchronized block/method after calling
     * {@link Object#wait() Object.wait}.
     */
    BLOCKED,

    /**
     * Thread state for a waiting thread.
     * A thread is in the waiting state due to calling one of the
     * following methods:
     * <ul>
     *   <li>{@link Object#wait() Object.wait} with no timeout</li>
     *   <li>{@link #join() Thread.join} with no timeout</li>
     *   <li>{@link LockSupport#park() LockSupport.park}</li>
     * </ul>
     *
     * <p>A thread in the waiting state is waiting for another thread to
     * perform a particular action.
     *
     * For example, a thread that has called <tt>Object.wait()</tt>
     * on an object is waiting for another thread to call
     * <tt>Object.notify()</tt> or <tt>Object.notifyAll()</tt> on
     * that object. A thread that has called <tt>Thread.join()</tt>
     * is waiting for a specified thread to terminate.
     */
    WAITING,

    /**
     * Thread state for a waiting thread with a specified waiting time.
     * A thread is in the timed waiting state due to calling one of
     * the following methods with a specified positive waiting time:
     * <ul>
     *   <li>{@link #sleep Thread.sleep}</li>
     *   <li>{@link Object#wait(long) Object.wait} with timeout</li>
     *   <li>{@link #join(long) Thread.join} with timeout</li>
     *   <li>{@link LockSupport#parkNanos LockSupport.parkNanos}</li>
     *   <li>{@link LockSupport#parkUntil LockSupport.parkUntil}</li>
     * </ul>
     */
    TIMED_WAITING,

    /**
     * Thread state for a terminated thread.
     * The thread has completed execution.
     */
    TERMINATED;
}

/**
 * Returns the state of this thread.
 * This method is designed for use in monitoring of the system state,
 * not for synchronization control.
 *
 * @return this thread's state.
 * @since 1.5
 */
public State getState() {
    // get current thread state
    return sun.misc.VM.toThreadState(threadStatus);
}

看了源码，再来解释一下。

Java中线程的状态分为6种。

1. 初始(NEW)：新创建了一个线程对象，但还没有调用start()方法。
2. 运行(RUNNABLE)：Java线程中将就绪（ready）和运行中（running）两种状态笼统的称为“运行”。
线程对象创建后，其他线程(比如main线程）调用了该对象的start()方法。该状态的线程位于可运行线程池中，等待被线程调度选中，获取CPU的使用权，此时处于就绪状态（ready）。就绪状态的线程在获得CPU时间片后变为运行中状态（running）。
3. 阻塞(BLOCKED)：表示线程阻塞于锁。
4. 等待(WAITING)：进入该状态的线程需要等待其他线程做出一些特定动作（通知或中断）。
5. 定时等待(TIMED_WAITING)：该状态不同于WAITING，它可以在指定的时间后自行返回。
6. 终止(TERMINATED)：表示该线程已经执行完毕。

好了，还有什么不明白的可以留言。如有不对的地方，还请大佬指正。新手上路，出发。