linux 部署
一、d2 安装之后的配置
centos系统安装后的基本配置: .常用软件安装: yum install -y bash-completion vim lrzsz wget expect net-tools nc nmap tree dos2unix htop iftop iotop unzip telnet sl psmisc nethogs glances bc .主机名和网络 hostnamectl set-hostname python3
echo "10.0.0.100 python3">>/etc/hosts .关闭防火墙
iptables -L
iptables -F
systemctl disable firewalld [root@python3 ~]# getenforce
Enforcing
[root@python3 ~]# setenforce
[root@python3 ~]# getenforce
[root@python3 ~]# vim /etc/selinux/config Linux命令 命令的基本构成 命令体 选项 参数(对象)
ls -l /var 参数:文件
文件类型:
d :目录
f :普通文件
l :链接
b :块设备,磁盘 光驱
c :字符设备
p :管道
s :套接字 命令提示符: [root@oldboy ~]#
[oldguo@oldboy ~]$ 常用快捷键(bash shell支持的快捷键) ctrl + c cancel 取消当前的操作
ctrl + l (小写字母L) clear（命令）
ctrl + d 退出当前用户
ctrl + r查找（历史命令）。 history|grep
[TAB]:
.命令补全
.参数补全 了解一下:
ctrl + a 把光标移动到行首
ctrl + e 把光标移动到行尾
ctrl+ u 把光标到行首的内容删除/剪切
ctrl + y 粘贴
delete 光标所在处从前往后删除内容
ctrl + k 把光标到行尾的内容删除/剪切
ctrl + → 向右移动一个单词
ctrl + ← 向左移动一个单词 ctrl + s 锁屏
ctrl + q 解锁 获取帮助
--help
man
info 关机重启 reboot
poweroff ============================
linux命令分类 .针对不同文件的管理命令
1.1 目录
FHS 文件系统层次化标准
绝对路径:从"/"开始一个具体路径
相对路径:从当前目录开始的具体路径(pwd可以查看当前所在目录)
/3层/oldboy/教室3
/3层/oldboy/教室2 1.1. 创建目录:
mkdir /oldboy
mkdir -p /a/b/c
1.1. 查询目录
ls -ld /oldboy
tree /a
tree -L /
1.1. 删除目录(危险)
rm -rf /oldboy
通过文件句柄,有可能可以找回丢失数据(前提:不能重启,不能有大量数据写入)
1.1. 修改目录(剪切,复制)
mv /root/oldboy/ /tmp
mv /root/oldguo/ /tmp/oldguo.bak
mv oldboy old cp -r /tmp/old /
cp -a 1.1. 切换目录 cd /
cd /oldboy
cd oldboy
cd ..
cd -
cd 小技巧:
[root@python3 tmp]# mkdir a{..}
[root@python3 tmp]# mkdir dir{a..f}
[root@python3 tmp]# ls -ld dir*
[root@python3 tmp]# rm -rf dir* 1.2 普通文件
1.2. 种类
ASCII TEXT:纯文本文件(操作最多的)
LSB Exe:二进制的可执行文件(命令,程序)
压缩文件:zip tar gz bz2 cpio iso
二进制数据文件:
等.
1.2. 文件创建
touch a.txt 1.2. 文件删除
rm -rf a.txt 1.2. 文件查看
ls -l a.txt 看文件属性 ()小文件内容查看
cat /etc/passwd
cat /etc/passwd /etc/shadow
cat -n /etc/passwd ()分页显示大文件内容
more /var/log/secure
less /var/log/secure ()文件前多少行
head /etc/passwd
head -n3 /etc/passwd
head - /etc/passwd
()文件后多少行
tail - /etc/passwd
tail -f /var/log/secure 1.2. 剪切 复制 mv 命令和目录的操作一样
cp 命令和目录的区别不需要加-r (加上也不报错) 1.2. 内容修改
重定向
> 覆盖重定向
cat /etc/passwd >a.txt
>> 追加重定向
cat /etc/passwd >>a.txt
echo "10.0.0.100 python3" >>/etc/hosts vim 编辑器 命令模式:初始模式 vim passwd
功能:
.查看文件内容
上下左右光标移动
page up page down翻页
G 光标到达最后一行
1G 光标到达第一行(gg)
10G 第10行
^ 光标到达行首
$ 光标到达行尾
/ 搜索关键字
yy 复制光标所在行
Nyy 复制N行
dd 删除/剪切
Ndd 删除/剪切N行
p 粘贴
x(del) 删除光标所在字符
dG 删除光标到文本末尾
d$ 从光标删除到行尾,包括贯标所在字符
d^ 从光标删除到行首,不包括光标所在字符
r 替换光标所在字符
ZZ 保存退出
u 撤销上次操作 编辑模式:
a :在光标之后录入数据
i :在光标之前录入数据
o :在光标下一行开启新行录入数据
A
I
O
ESC 小技巧:每编辑完一行就ESC,退回到命令模式 末行模式
:q!
:wq!
:set nu
:set nonu
:%s/root/ROOT/g 链接(快捷方式) ln -s passwd passwd.lnk ls
ls -l
ls -ld
ls -al
ls -ltr . 磁盘 和 文件系统
2.1 企业级磁盘类型
SAS
容量 :900G
主机版
存储版
转速:15K
品牌:IBM HDS EMC
缓存:
接口速度:16Gb
SSD:
Sata3
PCI-E
Flash盘 2.2 文件系统
方便用户使用和管理磁盘硬件的,辅助系统(Filesystem)
Linux文件系统类型:
ext2
ext3
ext4
XFS 2.3 文件系统管理 [root@python3 ~]# ls -l /dev/sd*
brw-rw---- root disk , Jan : /dev/sda
brw-rw---- root disk , Jan : /dev/sda1
brw-rw---- root disk , Jan : /dev/sda2
brw-rw---- root disk , Jan : /dev/sdb
[root@python3 ~]# fdisk -l 2.3. 分区
fdisk /dev/sdb
m
n
p
w
2.3. 格式化成文件系统(XFS)
mkfs.xfs /dev/sdb1 2.3. 挂载设备
mkdir /data
mount /dev/sdb1 /data 2.3. 查看挂载的磁盘使用情况 df -h 2.3. 自动挂载文件系统
vim /etc/fstab
/dev/sdb1 /data xfs defaults 使用UUID更加安全
UUID=9fb2ec36-6a60--9bfa-369261844d56 /data xfs defaults Raid
功能特性:
.将多块磁盘合并成一块磁盘,提供更大的存储空间
.可以提供更高的IO能力
.数据物理层面的高安全 Raid的工作级别 :
raid0:条带化功能,性能极高,安全性和单盘一样
至少两块盘,理论上盘越多性能越高 raid1:镜像功能,性能没有明显提升,安全性高.
浪费一半空间 raid10:镜像+条带化 ,至少四快盘,性能和安全兼顾
浪费一般空间 raid5:带有校验功能的条带化
存储数据时,根据数据计算校验值,存储到第三块盘.
写入性能较低
读数据性能较高
至少三快盘,只允许一块盘损坏,浪费1/n的磁盘空间 适合于读多写少的场景 .用户,组,权限 3.1 用户的作用
登录系统
管理系统对象 3.2 用户的定义
用户名(uid),密码,家目录(/home/oldboy),家目录下会有环境变量文件等.
每个用户都必须有一个工作组,创建时没指定,自动创建一个同名的组
3.3 组
组名字,GID 3.4 用户和组的管理
组的管理:
groupadd -g dev
groupadd -g sa
groupadd -g dba
tail - /etc/group
dev:x::
sa:x::
dba:x:: groupdel dba
groupmod -g dev
用户的管理:
useradd -u -g dev oldguo
id oldguo
passwd oldguo
su - oldboy
userdel -r oldboy
usermod -u oldguo 权限:
权限是作用在文件上的属性. 普通权限的规划:
r
w
x rw- r-- r-- root root passwd 目录 文件
r ls cat more ,vim
w 目录下的修改 vim >
x 目录下所有操作都依赖于x 可执行程序 rwxr-xr-x
chmod -R /data
chwon -R oldguo:dev /data
chmod -R /data
chown -R oldguo:dev /data .程序管理
ps -ef|grep mysql
kill
kill -
pkill mysqld yum install -y httpd [root@python3 ~]# systemctl start httpd
[root@python3 ~]# systemctl restart httpd
[root@python3 ~]# systemctl stop httpd
[root@python3 ~]# systemctl restart httpd .网络管理
ip a
ifconfig
ping
vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
systemctl restart network
二、d3 环境搭建
经典互联网架构 昨天补充:
查看已启动服务的端口
netstat -tulnp |grep
ss -tulnp|grep 前期铺垫: . Linux要能上网
. 掌握Linux软件包安装方法
2.1 rpm包管理
2.1. 光盘挂载
mount /dev/cdrom /mnt
cd /mnt
ls
2.1. 安装rpm包
rpm -ivh vsftpd-3.0.-.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -Uvh vsftpd-3.0.-.el7.x86_64.rpm
2.13 卸载rpm
rpm -e vsftpd-3.0.-.el7.x86_64 2.1. rpm包的查询
[root@python3 ~]# rpm -q vsftpd
vsftpd-3.0.-.el7.x86_64
[root@python3 ~]# rpm -q vsftp
package vsftp is not installed
[root@python3 ~]#
[root@python3 ~]# rpm -qa |grep vsf
[root@python3 ~]# which vim
/usr/bin/vim
[root@python3 ~]# rpm -qf /usr/bin/vim **2.1. 额外补充 A ----> B ---> C A BC B DF F AC rpm -ivh a b c d e f 2.2 yum 使用
2.2. 使用aliyun yum站点源
Base源
cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
mv *.repo /tmp
wget http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo EPEL源
yum install -y epel-release 2.2. 使用yum安装软件
yum install -y openssl openssl-devel 2.2. 软件包查询及组安装
yum list |grep vsftpd
yum grouplist
yum groupinstall "Development Tools" 2.2. 卸载软件包
yum remove 2.2. 优化yum源
()本地镜像yum源(光盘挂载到/mnt下)
[local]
name=localios
baseurl=file:///mnt
gpgcheck= yum clean all
yum install -y vsftpd ()局域网yum源(ftp)
.安装ftp软件
yum install -y vsftpd
.启动ftp服务
[root@python3 ~]# systemctl start vsftpd
[root@python3 ~]# systemctl enable vsftpd .创建站点目录,并将光盘软件拷贝其中
[root@python3 ~]# cp -a /mnt/* /var/ftp/pub/centos7 4.生成ftp站点的yum源配置文件
[ftp]
name=centos7
baseurl=ftp://10.0.0.100/pub/centos7
gpgcheck=0 5.安装软件测试
yum install openssl-devel bzip2-devel expat-devel gdbm-devel readline-devel sqlite-devel gcc gcc-c++ openssl-devel zlib zlib-devel -y 2.3 源码包应用 2.3.1 解压
.zip
unzip xxx.zip
.tar
.tar.gz
.tgz
.tar.bz2
.tar.xz
tar xf xxx.tar
.iso
mount -o loop xxx.iso /test
.cpio
cpio -idcmv < xxx.cpio 2.3.2 源码包安装
确认已经安装
yum install gcc*
yum install -y openssl* (1)python3.6源码包安装
./configure ------> 定制功能
make
make install mysql 源码包
cmake
make
make install (2) redis 源码包安装
make 修改环境变量
vim /etc/profile 添加以下一行:
export PATH=/opt/redis-3.2.10/src:$PATH 生效配置
source /etc/profile (3) 让python链接redis unzip redis-py-master.zip
cd redis-py-master
python3 setup.py install 对redis的单实例进行连接操作
python3
>>>import redis
>>>r = redis.StrictRedis(host='localhost', port=6379)
>>>r.set('name', 'oldguo')
True
>>>r.get('name')
'oldguo' 3. 二进制包(mysql5.7.20) 3.1 解压及制作软连接
tar xf mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
ln -s mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql 3.2 编辑环境变量
vim /etc/profile
添加以下一行:
export PATH=/opt/mysql/bin:$PATH 生效配置:
source /etc/profile 3.3 卸载自带mariadb
yum remove mariadb-libs 3.4 生成配置文件(/etc/my.cnf)
vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
basedir=/opt/mysql
datadir=/opt/mysql/data
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
user=mysql
log_error=/var/log/mysql.log
log_bin=/opt/mysql/data/mysql-bin
server_id=100
[mysql]
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock 3.5 创建用户和数据目录,并授权
useradd mysql
mkdir /opt/mysql/data
chown -R mysql.mysql /opt/mysql 3.6 初始化数据 [root@python3 ~]# mysqld --initialize-insecure --basedir=/opt/mysql --datadir=/opt/mysql/data --user=mysql
2019-01-04T03:58:03.128958Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2019-01-04T03:58:03.142436Z 0 [ERROR] Could not open file '/var/log/mysql.log' for error logging: Permission denied
2019-01-04T03:58:03.142492Z 0 [ERROR] Aborting 报错解决:
touch /var/log/mysql.log
chown -R mysql.mysql /var/log/mysql.log 再次初始化:
mysqld --initialize-insecure --basedir=/opt/mysql --datadir=/opt/mysql/data --user=mysql 3.7 启动mysql
cd /opt/mysql/support-files
./mysql.server start cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld /etc/init.d/mysqld restart 扩展:使用systemctl 管理mysql
vim /etc/systemd/system/mysqld.service [Unit]
Description=MySQL Server
Documentation=man:mysqld(8)
Documentation=http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
After=network.target
After=syslog.target [Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql
ExecStart=/opt/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf
LimitNOFILE = 5000 systemctl restart mysqld netstat -tulnp |grep 3306 3.8 测试python3链接mysql 创建mysql链接用户 grant all on *.* to root@'10.0.0.%' identified by '123';
create database bbs charset utf8; python代码测试: pip3 install --upgrade pip
pip3 install pymysql vim testmysql.py
#!/usr/bin/python3
import pymysql
db = pymysql.connect("10.0.0.100","root","123","bbs" )
cursor = db.cursor()
cursor.execute("SELECT VERSION()")
data = cursor.fetchone()
print ("Database version : %s " % data)
db.close() python3 testmysql.py 4.经典互联网架构项目(LNMP) LNMPT = Linux Nginx MySQL PHP
LNMPJ = Linux Nginx MySQL PHP LNMP架构环境部署
1) 使用官方Nginx yum源 [root@nginx ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo
[nginx]
name=nginx repo
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/$basearch/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1 #安装Nginx
[root@nginx ~]# yum install nginx -y
2) 启动Nginx，并将Nginx加入开机自启 systemctl start nginx
systemctl enable nginx
3) 使用第三方扩展源安装php7.1 rpm -Uvh https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
rpm -Uvh https://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el7/webtatic-release.rpm [root@nginx ~]# yum remove php-mysql-5.4 php php-fpm php-common
[root@nginx ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/php.repo
[php]
name = php Repository
baseurl = http://us-east.repo.webtatic.com/yum/el7/x86_64/
gpgcheck = 0 [root@nginx ~]# yum -y install php71w php71w-cli php71w-common php71w-devel php71w-embedded php71w-gd php71w-mcrypt php71w-mbstring php71w-pdo php71w-xml php71w-fpm php71w-mysqlnd php71w-opcache php71w-pecl-memcached php71w-pecl-redis php71w-pecl-mongodb
3) 配置php-fpm用户与Nginx的运行用户保持一致 [root@nginx ~]# sed -i '/^user/c user = www' /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
[root@nginx ~]# sed -i '/^group/c group = www' /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
4) 启动php-fpm，并将其加入开机自启 [root@nginx ~]# systemctl start php-fpm
[root@nginx ~]# systemctl enable php-fpm
5) 安装mysql数据库 [root@nginx ~]# mysqladmin password '123'
[root@nginx ~]# mysql -uroot -p123
2.LNMP架构环境配置 vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/php.conf
server {
server_name 10.0.0.12;
listen 80;
root /code/wordpress;
index index.php index.html; location ~ \.php$ {
root /code/bbs;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
} LNMuWSGI+redis
d3
django.txt
django项目: 依赖包
[root@web01 ~]# yum install openssl-devel bzip2-devel expat-devel gdbm-devel readline-devel sqlite-devel gcc gcc-c++ openssl-devel zlib zlib-devel -y .安装python3
[root@web01 ~]# wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.2/Python-3.7.2.tgz
[root@web01 ~]# tar xf Python-3.6..tgz
[root@web01 ~]# cd Python-3.6./
[root@web01 Python-3.6.]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/
[root@web01 Python-3.6.]# make && make install
[root@web01 Python-3.6.]# ./configure && make && make install .安装Django框架和uwsgi vim re.txt
asn1crypto==0.24.
beautifulsoup4==4.6.
bs4==0.0.
certifi==2018.4.
cffi==1.11.
chardet==3.0.
Click==7.0
cryptography==2.3.
Django==1.11.
Flask==1.0.
Flask-Cors==3.0.
gevent==1.3.
greenlet==0.4.
idna==2.7
ItsDangerous==1.1.
Jinja2==2.10
lxml==4.2.
MarkupSafe==1.0
numpy==1.15.
Pillow==5.3.
pycparser==2.18
PyMySQL==0.9.
pytz==2018.7
requests==2.19.
selenium==3.141.
six==1.11.
urllib3==1.23
virtualenv==16.1.
Werkzeug==0.14.
wordcloud==1.5. pip3 install -i https://pypi.doubanio.com/simple/ -r re.txt
pip3 install -i https://pypi.doubanio.com/simple/ uwsgi .测试uwsgi是否正常，新建 test.py文件，内容如下：
[root@web01 ~]# vim test.py
def application(env, start_response):
start_response('200 OK', [('Content-Type','text/html')])
return [b"Hello Django"] #然后在终端运行：
uwsgi --http : --wsgi-file test.py & .测试django是否正常，运行：
[root@web01 ~]# django-admin.py startproject demosite
[root@web01 ~]# cd demosite
[root@web01 demosite]# python3 manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:
在浏览器内输入：http://127.0.0.1:8002，检查django是否运行正常。 .配置uwsgi
[root@web01 demosite]# vim /root/demosite/uwsgi.ini
[uwsgi]
socket = 127.0.0.1:
master = true
workers =
max-requests =
buffer-size =
pidfile = /run/uwsgi.pid
daemonize = /var/log/uwsgi.log uwsgi --ini /root/demosite/uwsgi.ini & .配置Nginx
[root@web01 demosite]# vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/py.conf
server {
listen ;
server_name 10.0.0.100;
client_max_body_size 100M; location / {
index index.html;
include uwsgi_params;
uwsgi_pass 127.0.0.1:;
uwsgi_param UWSGI_SCRIPT demosite.wsgi;
uwsgi_param UWSGI_CHDIR /root/demosite;
}
} 重启nginx
django项目.txt
[root@web01 BBS]# cat /etc/nginx/conf.d/py.conf
server {
listen ;
server_name py.test.com;
client_max_body_size 100M; location /static {
alias /code/BBS/static/;
} location /media {
alias /code/BBS/media;
} location / {
index index.html;
include uwsgi_params;
uwsgi_pass 127.0.0.1:;
#uwsgi_param UWSGI_SCRIPT demosite.wsgi;
#uwsgi_param UWSGI_CHDIR /root/demosite;
uwsgi_param UWSGI_SCRIPT BBS.wsgi;
uwsgi_param UWSGI_CHDIR /code/BBS;
} vim re.txt
asn1crypto==0.24.
beautifulsoup4==4.6.
bs4==0.0.
certifi==2018.4.
cffi==1.11.
chardet==3.0.
Click==7.0
cryptography==2.3.
Django==1.11.
Flask==1.0.
Flask-Cors==3.0.
gevent==1.3.
greenlet==0.4.
idna==2.7
ItsDangerous==1.1.
Jinja2==2.10
lxml==4.2.
MarkupSafe==1.0
numpy==1.15.
Pillow==5.3.
pycparser==2.18
PyMySQL==0.9.
pytz==2018.7
requests==2.19.
selenium==3.141.
six==1.11.
urllib3==1.23
virtualenv==16.1.
Werkzeug==0.14.
wordcloud==1.5. pip3 install -i https://pypi.doubanio.com/simple/ -r re.txt [root@web01 BBS]# cat uwsgi.ini
[uwsgi]
socket = 127.0.0.1:
master = true
workers =
reload-mercy =
vacuum = true
max-requests =
limit-as =
buffer-size = uwsgi - - ini uwsgi.ini
lnmp.txt
LNMP架构环境部署
) 使用官方仓库安装Nginx [root@nginx ~]# vim etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo
[nginx]
name=nginx repo
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/$basearch/
gpgcheck=
enabled= #安装Nginx
[root@nginx ~]# yum install nginx -y
) 启动Nginx，并将Nginx加入开机自启 [root@nginx ~]# systemctl start nginx
[root@nginx ~]# systemctl enable nginx
) 使用第三方扩展源安装php7. rpm -Uvh https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
rpm -Uvh https://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el7/webtatic-release.rpm [root@nginx ~]# yum remove php-mysql-5.4 php php-fpm php-common
[root@nginx ~]# /etc/yum.repos.d/php.repo
[php]
name = php Repository
baseurl = http://us-east.repo.webtatic.com/yum/el7/x86_64/
gpgcheck = [root@nginx ~]# yum -y install php71w php71w-cli php71w-common php71w-devel php71w-embedded php71w-gd php71w-mcrypt php71w-mbstring php71w-pdo php71w-xml php71w-fpm php71w-mysqlnd php71w-opcache php71w-pecl-memcached php71w-pecl-redis php71w-pecl-mongodb
) 配置php-fpm用户与Nginx的运行用户保持一致 [root@nginx ~]# sed -i '/^user/c user = www' /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
[root@nginx ~]# sed -i '/^group/c group = www' /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
) 启动php-fpm，并将其加入开机自启 [root@nginx ~]# systemctl start php-fpm
[root@nginx ~]# systemctl enable php-fpm
) 安装mysql数据库 [root@nginx ~]# mysqladmin password ''
[root@nginx ~]# mysql -uroot -p123
.LNMP架构环境配置 vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/php.conf
server {
server_name 10.0.0.12;
listen ;
root /code/wordpress;
index index.php index.html; location ~ \.php$ {
root /code/bbs;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
} yum -y groupinstall "Development tools"
yum install openssl-devel bzip2-devel expat-devel gdbm-devel readline-devel sqlite-devel pip3 install django
pip3 install uwsgi cat test.py
def application(env, start_response):
start_response('200 OK', [('Content-Type','text/html')])
return [b"Hello Django"] uwsgi --http : --wsgi-file test.py [root@web01 code]# cat /code/BBS/uwsgi.ini
[uwsgi]
socket = 127.0.0.1:
#chdir = /code/BBS/BBS
workers =
max-requests =
buffer-size =
pidfile = /run/uwsgi.pid
daemonize = /var/log/uwsgi.log [root@web01 code]# cat /etc/nginx/conf.d/py.conf
server {
listen ;
server_name py.test.com;
index index.html;
client_max_body_size 100M; location / {
include uwsgi_params;
uwsgi_pass 127.0.0.1:;
uwsgi_param UWSGI_SCRIPT BBS.wsgi;
uwsgi_param UWSGI_CHDIR /code/BBS;
}
} django-admin.py startproject mysite
python3 manage.py startapp blog
vim /code/mysite/mysite/settings.py
在INSTALLED_APPS 列表里添加'blog'APP
修改ALLOWED_HOSTS，['*']，可以让任何IP访问
TEMPLATES里添加模板路径os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates') 尾部添加 STATICFILES_DIRS = (
os.path.join(BASE_DIR,'static'),
) vim /code/mysite/templates/index.html
三。d4测试django并且使用ansible
LNM+Python Django+uwsgi+redis项目 .安装项目中需要的包
pip3 install -i https://pypi.doubanio.com/simple/ -r re.txt vim re.txt
asn1crypto==0.24.
beautifulsoup4==4.6.
bs4==0.0.
certifi==2018.4.
cffi==1.11.
chardet==3.0.
Click==7.0
cryptography==2.3.
Django==1.11.
Flask==1.0.
Flask-Cors==3.0.
gevent==1.3.
greenlet==0.4.
idna==2.7
ItsDangerous==1.1.
Jinja2==2.10
lxml==4.2.
MarkupSafe==1.0
numpy==1.15.
Pillow==5.3.
pycparser==2.18
PyMySQL==0.9.
pytz==2018.7
requests==2.19.
selenium==3.141.
six==1.11.
urllib3==1.23
virtualenv==16.1.
Werkzeug==0.14.
wordcloud==1.5. .数据库的处理
1.1 上传bbs.sql
1.2 在mysql中创建bbs库,并导入数据库SQL脚本
mysql> create database bbs charset utf8mb4;
mysql> use bbs
mysql> source /opt/bbs.sql
mysql> drop database bbs; 1.3 查看项目settings.py配置文件,修改以下两处 ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['*'] DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
'NAME': 'bbs',
'HOST': "10.0.0.100",
'USER': 'root',
'PASSWORD': '',
'PORT': ,
} MySQL用户的定义 USERNAME@'白名单' 白名单: 主机域IP地址 root@'localhost'
root@'10.0.0.110'
root@'10.0.0.%'
root@'10.0.0.0/255.255.240.0'
root@'10.0.0.5%'
root@'%' grant all
grant select,update,insert DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
'NAME': 'bbs',
'HOST': "10.0.0.100",
'USER': 'bbs',
'PASSWORD': '',
'PORT': ,
}
} . BBS项目部署 2.1 配置Nginx
[root@web01 BBS]# vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/py.conf
server {
listen ;
server_name 10.0.0.100;
client_max_body_size 100M; location /static {
alias /opt/BBS/static/;
} location /media {
alias /opt/BBS/media;
} location / {
index index.html;
include uwsgi_params;
uwsgi_pass 127.0.0.1:;
uwsgi_param UWSGI_SCRIPT BBS.wsgi;
uwsgi_param UWSGI_CHDIR /opt/BBS;
}
} 2.2 配置uwsgi
关闭所有已有的uwsgi进程
kill - `ps -ef |grep uwsgi|awk {'print $2'}` [root@web01 BBS]# vim uwsgi.ini
[uwsgi]
socket = 127.0.0.1:
master = true
workers =
reload-mercy =
vacuum = true
max-requests =
limit-as =
buffer-size = 启动uwsgi
uwsgi --ini uwsgi.ini & 重启nginx
systemctl restart nginx ==================
Python 在运维工作中的经典应用 ansible .安装ansible
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo
curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
yum install ansible -y 克隆虚拟机 hostnamectl set-hostname standby vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
IPADDR=10.0.0.200
UUID行删掉 vim /etc/hosts
10.0.0.200 standby
systemctl restart network +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Linux的 SSHD()
验证方式:
()用户+密码(PAM)
()秘钥验证(公钥:钥匙和私钥:锁)
通过秘钥对实现,需要将公钥分发到各节点
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
.管理被控端，管理机先生成秘钥，然后推送公钥 ssh-keygen
ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@10.0.0.200 [root@demo ~]# for i in {..};do ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@10.0..$i;done .配置被管理的主机清单
[root@demo ~]# vim /etc/ansible/hosts
[web]
10.0.0.100
10.0.0.200 .使用ansible的ad-hoc测试
[root@demo ~]# ansible all -m ping
10.0.0.12 | SUCCESS => {
"changed": false,
"ping": "pong"
}
10.0.0.11 | SUCCESS => {
"changed": false,
"ping": "pong"
} #执行远程命令
[root@demo ~]# ansible all -m shell -a "df -h"
10.0.0.12 | CHANGED | rc= >>
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda3 98G .4G 95G % /
devtmpfs 477M 477M % /dev
tmpfs 488M 488M % /dev/shm
tmpfs 488M 7.7M 480M % /run
tmpfs 488M 488M % /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 197M 102M 96M % /boot
tmpfs 98M 98M % /run/user/ 10.0.0.11 | CHANGED | rc= >>
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda3 98G .6G 97G % /
devtmpfs 981M 981M % /dev
tmpfs 992M 124K 992M % /dev/shm
tmpfs 992M 9.6M 982M % /run
tmpfs 992M 992M % /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 197M 102M 96M % /boot
tmpfs 199M 199M % /run/user/ .ansible playbook自动化安装nginx
[root@demo ~]# vim playbook_nginx.yml
- hosts: web
remote_user: root
vars:
http_port:
tasks:
- name: Add Nginx Yum Repository
yum_repository:
name: nginx
description: Nginx Repository
baseurl: http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/$basearch/
gpgcheck: no - name: Install Nginx Server
yum:
name=nginx state=present - name: Configure Nginx Server
template: src=./default.conf.template dest=/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
notify: Restart Nginx Server - name: Start Nginx Server
service: name=nginx state=started enabled=yes handlers:
- name: Restart Nginx Server
service: name=nginx state=restarted .
default.conf.template文件如下 [root@demo ~]#vim default.conf.template
server {
listen {{ http_port }};
server_name localhost; location / {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
index index.html index.htm;
}
} .执行ansible-playbook
检查语法
[root@demo ~]# ansible-playbook --syntax playbook_nginx.yml 模拟执行
[root@demo ~]# ansible-playbook -C playbook_nginx.yml 执行
[root@demo ~]# ansible-playbook playbook_nginx.yml ============================================================= Docker容器技术 、环境准备类： curl http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo -o /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo
curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2 yum list docker-ce.x86_64 --showduplicates | sort -r yum install -y --setopt=obsoletes= \
docker-ce-17.03..ce-.el7.centos.x86_64 \
docker-ce-selinux-17.03..ce-.el7.centos.noarch systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl restart docker docker version
docker info 配置镜像加速 阿里云Docker-hub https://cr.console.aliyun.com/cn-hangzhou/mirrors mkdir -p /etc/docker tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'
{
"registry-mirrors": ["https://68rmyzg7.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}
EOF 或者: vim /etc/docker/daemon.json {
"registry-mirrors": ["https://68rmyzg7.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
} . pull常用镜像
docker pull centos:6.9
docker pull centos:7.5.
docker pull nginx CPU MEM IO OS : Kernel
ansible.txt
LNM+Python Django+uwsgi+redis项目 .安装项目中需要的包
pip3 install -i https://pypi.doubanio.com/simple/ -r re.txt vim re.txt
asn1crypto==0.24.
beautifulsoup4==4.6.
bs4==0.0.
certifi==2018.4.
cffi==1.11.
chardet==3.0.
Click==7.0
cryptography==2.3.
Django==1.11.
Flask==1.0.
Flask-Cors==3.0.
gevent==1.3.
greenlet==0.4.
idna==2.7
ItsDangerous==1.1.
Jinja2==2.10
lxml==4.2.
MarkupSafe==1.0
numpy==1.15.
Pillow==5.3.
pycparser==2.18
PyMySQL==0.9.
pytz==2018.7
requests==2.19.
selenium==3.141.
six==1.11.
urllib3==1.23
virtualenv==16.1.
Werkzeug==0.14.
wordcloud==1.5. .数据库的处理
1.1 上传bbs.sql
1.2 在mysql中创建bbs库,并导入数据库SQL脚本
mysql> create database bbs charset utf8mb4;
mysql> use bbs
mysql> source /opt/bbs.sql
mysql> drop database bbs; 1.3 查看项目settings.py配置文件,修改以下两处 ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['*'] DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
'NAME': 'bbs',
'HOST': "10.0.0.100",
'USER': 'root',
'PASSWORD': '',
'PORT': ,
} MySQL用户的定义 USERNAME@'白名单' 白名单: 主机域IP地址 root@'localhost'
root@'10.0.0.110'
root@'10.0.0.%'
root@'10.0.0.0/255.255.240.0'
root@'10.0.0.5%'
root@'%' grant all
grant select,update,insert DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
'NAME': 'bbs',
'HOST': "10.0.0.100",
'USER': 'bbs',
'PASSWORD': '',
'PORT': ,
}
} . BBS项目部署 2.1 配置Nginx
[root@web01 BBS]# vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/py.conf
server {
listen ;
server_name 10.0.0.100;
client_max_body_size 100M; location /static {
alias /opt/BBS/static/;
} location /media {
alias /opt/BBS/media;
} location / {
index index.html;
include uwsgi_params;
uwsgi_pass 127.0.0.1:;
uwsgi_param UWSGI_SCRIPT BBS.wsgi;
uwsgi_param UWSGI_CHDIR /opt/BBS;
}
} 2.2 配置uwsgi
关闭所有已有的uwsgi进程
kill - `ps -ef |grep uwsgi|awk {'print $2'}` [root@web01 BBS]# vim uwsgi.ini
[uwsgi]
socket = 127.0.0.1:
master = true
workers =
reload-mercy =
vacuum = true
max-requests =
limit-as =
buffer-size = 启动uwsgi
uwsgi --ini uwsgi.ini & 重启nginx
systemctl restart nginx ==================
Python 在运维工作中的经典应用 ansible .安装ansible
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo
curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
yum install ansible -y 克隆虚拟机 hostnamectl set-hostname standby vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
IPADDR=10.0.0.200
UUID行删掉 vim /etc/hosts
10.0.0.200 standby
systemctl restart network +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Linux的 SSHD()
验证方式:
()用户+密码(PAM)
()秘钥验证(公钥:钥匙和私钥:锁)
通过秘钥对实现,需要将公钥分发到各节点
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
.管理被控端，管理机先生成秘钥，然后推送公钥 ssh-keygen
ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@10.0.0.200 [root@demo ~]# for i in {..};do ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@10.0..$i;done .配置被管理的主机清单
[root@demo ~]# vim /etc/ansible/hosts
[web]
10.0.0.100
10.0.0.200 .使用ansible的ad-hoc测试
[root@demo ~]# ansible all -m ping
10.0.0.12 | SUCCESS => {
"changed": false,
"ping": "pong"
}
10.0.0.11 | SUCCESS => {
"changed": false,
"ping": "pong"
} #执行远程命令
[root@demo ~]# ansible all -m shell -a "df -h"
10.0.0.12 | CHANGED | rc= >>
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda3 98G .4G 95G % /
devtmpfs 477M 477M % /dev
tmpfs 488M 488M % /dev/shm
tmpfs 488M 7.7M 480M % /run
tmpfs 488M 488M % /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 197M 102M 96M % /boot
tmpfs 98M 98M % /run/user/ 10.0.0.11 | CHANGED | rc= >>
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda3 98G .6G 97G % /
devtmpfs 981M 981M % /dev
tmpfs 992M 124K 992M % /dev/shm
tmpfs 992M 9.6M 982M % /run
tmpfs 992M 992M % /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 197M 102M 96M % /boot
tmpfs 199M 199M % /run/user/ .ansible playbook自动化安装nginx
[root@demo ~]# vim playbook_nginx.yml
- hosts: web
remote_user: root
vars:
http_port:
tasks:
- name: Add Nginx Yum Repository
yum_repository:
name: nginx
description: Nginx Repository
baseurl: http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/$basearch/
gpgcheck: no - name: Install Nginx Server
yum:
name=nginx state=present - name: Configure Nginx Server
template: src=./default.conf.template dest=/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
notify: Restart Nginx Server - name: Start Nginx Server
service: name=nginx state=started enabled=yes handlers:
- name: Restart Nginx Server
service: name=nginx state=restarted .
default.conf.template文件如下 [root@demo ~]#vim default.conf.template
server {
listen {{ http_port }};
server_name localhost; location / {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
index index.html index.htm;
}
} .执行ansible-playbook
检查语法
[root@demo ~]# ansible-playbook --syntax playbook_nginx.yml 模拟执行
[root@demo ~]# ansible-playbook -C playbook_nginx.yml 执行
[root@demo ~]# ansible-playbook playbook_nginx.yml ============================================================= Docker容器技术 、环境准备类： curl http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo -o /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo
curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2 yum list docker-ce.x86_64 --showduplicates | sort -r yum install -y --setopt=obsoletes= \
docker-ce-17.03..ce-.el7.centos.x86_64 \
docker-ce-selinux-17.03..ce-.el7.centos.noarch systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl restart docker docker version
docker info 配置镜像加速 阿里云Docker-hub https://cr.console.aliyun.com/cn-hangzhou/mirrors mkdir -p /etc/docker tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'
{
"registry-mirrors": ["https://68rmyzg7.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}
EOF 或者: vim /etc/docker/daemon.json {
"registry-mirrors": ["https://68rmyzg7.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
} . pull常用镜像
docker pull centos:6.9
docker pull centos:7.5.
docker pull nginx CPU MEM IO OS : Kernel #进入centos环境
docker run -it centos:6.9
查看
cat /etc/redhat-release
四、d5 docker使用
设置下次开机启动
systemctl enable docker systemctl start docker
ps -ef | grep docker
or
docker version . 镜像管理
1.1 获取镜像
docker search centos
docker pull centos:6.9
docker pull centos:7.5.
docker pull nginx
1.2 查询镜像
docker images
docker images -q
docker inspect ID/name:tag
1.3 删除镜像
docker rmi ID
docker rmi `docker images -q`
docker rmi $(docker images -q) 1.4 导入导出镜像
[root@docker ~]# docker image save nginx >/opt/nginx.tar.gz
[root@docker ~]# docker image load -i /opt/nginx.tar.gz 1.5 启动容器并获取镜像
[root@docker ~]# docker run -d -p : httpd
[root@docker ~]# docker ps -a
[root@docker ~]# docker images 1.6 docker一步一步学习制作镜像
语法:
第一个镜像创建:
docker ps -a
docker commit xxxxxx oldguo/wordpress:v1
docker images 制作镜像: centos7.+vim+net-tools+iproute+sshd .启动新容器
docker run -it --name "centos7.5" 76d6bc25b8a5 .优化yum源
mv /etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo /tmp
echo -e "[ftp]\nname=ftp\nbaseurl=ftp://10.0.0.100/pub/centos7\ngpgcheck=0">/etc/yum.repos.d/ftp.repo 3. 安装必须软件包 yum install -y vim net-tools iproute openssh-* -y 4.启动SSHD mkdir /var/run/sshd
echo 'UseDNS no' >> /etc/ssh/sshd_config
sed -i -e '/pam_loginuid.so/d' /etc/pam.d/sshd
echo 'root:123456' | chpasswd
/usr/bin/ssh-keygen -A
/usr/sbin/sshd -D 注意: 以上操作做完之后,会一直不退出,需要用以下命令退回到宿主机,并不关闭容器
ctrl p q 5.制作镜像
docker ps -a
docker commit centos7.5 oldguo/centos7_sshd:v2 ## Centos7.5
[root@docker sshd]# vim dockerfile
FROM centos:7.5.1804
RUN mv /etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo /tmp
RUN echo -e "[ftp]\nname=ftp\nbaseurl=ftp://10.0.0.100/pub/centos7\ngpgcheck=0">/etc/yum.repos.d/ftp.repo
RUN yum install -y openssh-server
RUN yum install -y openssh-clients
RUN yum install net-tools* -y
RUN yum install iproute-* -y
RUN mkdir /var/run/sshd
RUN echo 'UseDNS no' >> /etc/ssh/sshd_config
RUN sed -i -e '/pam_loginuid.so/d' /etc/pam.d/sshd
RUN echo 'root:123456' | chpasswd
RUN /usr/bin/ssh-keygen -A
EXPOSE 22
CMD ["/usr/sbin/sshd", "-D"] docker build -t "oldguo/centos7_sshd:v3" /opt/dockerfile ===========================================
2. 容器基本管理
2.0 容器的类型
工具类:vim
docker run -it --name="test_vim" 3fe2fe0dab2e /bin/bash
服务类:nginx
docker run -d -p 8080:80 --name="discuz" nginx:1.14 netstat -lnp| grep 8080
docker ps -a
2.1 容器的多类启动方式
(1)交互式启动
[root@docker ~]# docker run -it --name "testcentos" centos:6.9 /bin/bash
主要是针对于工具类的容器,一旦exit容器,容器就自动关闭 echo "<html><body><h1>HI,wudi</h1></body></html>" >index.html
(2)守护式启动
1.交互式启动容器+Ctrl+p+q
[root@docker ~]# docker run -it --name "testnginx" nginx /bin/bash
加ctrl+p+q
[root@docker ~]# docker attach testnginx
2.死循环
docker run --name testnginx1 -d nginx /bin/sh -c "while true ;do echo hello world; sleep 1;done"
3.服务前台运行
sshd -D
nginx -g "" hang 夯住 2.2 容器的常用管理命令
docker ps -a -q -l docker rm 容器ID|容器名称
批量删除已关闭
docker rm -v $(docker ps -aq -f status=exited)
批量强制删除所有
docker rm -f `docker ps -a –q` docker top nginx
docker inspect nginx
docker attach 容器ID|容器名称（工具类）配合ctrl+p+q
docker exec -i -t 容器ID|容器名称 /bin/bash(服务类）,一般是做服务类容器调试用
[root@docker ~]# docker exec -it centos6.9 /bin/bash docker stop
docker kill docker start -i
docker restart 容器ID|容器名称 3. 数据卷的使用(持久化) 4.制作私有仓库 4.1 配置私有仓库 docker run -d -p 5000:5000 --restart=always --name registry -v /opt/Registry:/var/lib/registry registry vim /etc/docker/daemon.json {
"registry-mirrors": ["https://68rmyzg7.mirror.aliyuncs.com"],
"insecure-registries": ["10.0.0.100:5000"]
} systemctl restart docker 4.2 使用本地镜像:
4.2.1 制作本地镜像并push到 [root@docker ~]# docker tag nginx 10.0.0.100:5000/oldguo/nginx:v1
[root@docker ~]# docker images
[root@docker ~]# docker push 10.0.0.100:5000/oldguo/nginx:v1 4.2.2 异地进行pull镜像
[root@docker ~]# docker pull 10.0.0.100:5000/oldguo/nginx:v1 故障转移:(高可用) 1.主备系统
k8s技术
.快速部署K8S环境 k8s-m :10.0.0.11
k8s-n1 :10.0.0.12
k8s-n2 :10.0.0.13 .所有节点安装docker环境及依赖
2.1 上传docker-k8s.zip软件到各节点/opt,并解压
2.2 进入目录进行安装
cd /opt/docker-k8s
yum localinstall -y *.rpm .master端软件安装
3.1 上传k8s-master.zip到/opt,并解压
3.2 进入目录并安装
cd /opt/k8s-master
yum localinstall -y *.rpm .node节点软件安装
4.1 上传k8s-node到两个node节点/opt并解压
4.2 进入目录进行安装
cd /opt/k8s-node
yum localinstall -y *.rpm .配置主节点ETCD
vim /etc/etcd/etcd.conf
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="http://0.0.0.0:2379"
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="http://10.0.0.11:2379" 重启服务并测试
systemctl restart etcd.service
systemctl enable etcd.service
etcdctl set name oldguo
etcdctl get name .配置Master节点
vim /etc/kubernetes/apiserver
KUBE_API_ADDRESS="--insecure-bind-address=0.0.0.0"
KUBE_API_PORT="--port=8080"
KUBE_ETCD_SERVERS="--etcd-servers=http://10.0.0.11:2379"
KUBE_SERVICE_ADDRESSES="--service-cluster-ip-range=10.254.0.0/16"
KUBE_ADMISSION_CONTROL="--admission-control=NamespaceLifecycle,NamespaceExists,LimitRanger,SecurityContextDeny,ResourceQuota" vim /etc/kubernetes/config 重启服务 systemctl enable kube-apiserver.service
systemctl start kube-apiserver.service
systemctl enable kube-controller-manager.service
systemctl start kube-controller-manager.service
systemctl enable kube-scheduler.service
systemctl start kube-scheduler.service .node节点配置 vim /etc/kubernetes/config
KUBE_MASTER="--master=http://10.0.0.11:8080" vim /etc/kubernetes/kubelet
KUBELET_ADDRESS="--address=10.0.0.12/13"
KUBELET_HOSTNAME="--hostname-override=10.0.0.12/13"
KUBELET_API_SERVER="--api-servers=http://10.0.0.11:8080" 重启服务 systemctl enable kubelet.service
systemctl start kubelet.service
systemctl enable kube-proxy.service
systemctl start kube-proxy.service .验证节点状态 [root@k8s-m ~]# kubectl get nodes .所有节点配置flannel网络 yum install flannel -y sed -i 's#http://127.0.0.1:2379#http://10.0.0.11:2379#g' /etc/sysconfig/flanneld etcdctl mk /atomic.io/network/config '{ "Network": "172.16.0.0/16" }'
etcdctl get /atomic.io/network/config
{ "Network": "172.16.0.0/16" } master节点：
systemctl enable flanneld.service
systemctl start flanneld.service
service docker restart
systemctl restart kube-apiserver.service
systemctl restart kube-controller-manager.service
systemctl restart kube-scheduler.service ifconfig -a node节点：
systemctl enable flanneld.service
systemctl start flanneld.service
service docker restart
systemctl restart kubelet.service
systemctl restart kube-proxy.service .配置master为镜像仓库
#master节点 vim /etc/sysconfig/docker
OPTIONS='--selinux-enabled --log-driver=journald --signature-verification=false --registry-mirror=https://registry.docker-cn.com --insecure-registry=10.0.0.11:5000' systemctl restart docker ======================================================================================================= 配置本地register
docker tag nginx 10.0.0.11:/oldguo/nginx:v1
docker run -d -p : --restart=always --name registry -v /opt/myregistry:/var/lib/registry registry
docker push 10.0.0.11:/oldguo/nginx:v1 #node节点
vim /etc/sysconfig/docker
OPTIONS='--selinux-enabled --log-driver=journald --signature-verification=false --insecure-registry=10.0.0.11:5000'
systemctl restart docker docker pull 10.0.0.11:/oldguo/nginx:v1 =====================================
二.k8s核心资源管理 .PODS
1.1 创建
创建第一个pod
mkdir /opt/yml -p
cd /opt/yml
[root@k8s-m yml]# cat k8s_pod.yml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: nginx
labels:
app: web
spec:
containers:
- name: nginx
image: 10.0.0.11:/oldguo/nginx:v1
ports:
- containerPort:
[root@k8s-m yml]# kubctl create -f k8s_pod.yml 1.2 查询
kubectl get pod
kubectl get pod -o wide
kubectl describe pod 报错： ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
failed to "StartContainer" for "POD" with ErrImagePull: "image pull failed for registry.access.redhat.com/rhel7/pod-infrastructure:latest, this may be because there are no credentials on this request. details: (open /etc/docker/certs.d/registry.access.redhat.com/redhat-ca.crt: no such file or directory)"
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ registry.access.redhat.com/rhel7/pod-infrastructure:latest
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 解决：
master：上传准备好的容器为本地register（pod-infrastructure-latest.tar.gz）
[root@k8s-m opt]# docker load -i pod-infrastructure-latest.tar.gz
[root@k8s-m opt]# docker images
[root@k8s-m opt]# docker tag docker.io/tianyebj/pod-infrastructure:latest 10.0.0.11:/oldguo/pod-infrastructure:latest
[root@k8s-m opt]# docker images
[root@k8s-m opt]# docker push 10.0.0.11:/oldguo/pod-infrastructure:latest node：（所有node节点）
[root@k8s-n1 ~]# vim /etc/kubernetes/kubelet
KUBELET_POD_INFRA_CONTAINER="--pod-infra-container-image=10.0.0.11:5000/oldguo/pod-infrastructure:latest" systemctl restart kubelet.service 1.3 删除
[root@k8s-m yml]# kubectl delete pod nginx 1.4 更新
master:
[root@k8s-m yml]# docker pull nginx
[root@k8s-m yml]# docker tag docker.io/nginx:latest 10.0.0.11:/oldguo/nginx:v2
[root@k8s-m yml]# docker push 10.0.0.11:/oldguo/nginx:v2
[root@k8s-m yml]# kubectl replace --force -f k8s_pod.yml .RC(ReplicationController) 作用:高可用
master:
配置yml文件 vim k8s_nginx_rc.yml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ReplicationController
metadata:
name: nginx
spec:
replicas:
selector:
app: nginx
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: nginx
spec:
containers:
- name: nginx
image: 10.0.0.11:/oldguo/nginx:v1
ports:
- containerPort: [root@k8s-m yml]# kubectl create -f k8s_nginx_rc.yml
[root@k8s-m yml]# kubectl get rc
[root@k8s-m yml]# kubectl delete rc nginx 副本数增删
.修改配置文件
vim k8s_nginx_rc.yml
[root@k8s-m yml]# kubectl replace -f k8s_nginx_rc.yml
.kubectl edit rc nginx
.kubectl scale rc nginx --replicas= 滚动升级及回滚：
cp k8s_nginx_rc.yml k8s_nginx1_rc.yml
kubectl rolling-update nginx -f k8s_nginx1_rc.yml --update-period=10s 注:
升级出现问题时,升级过程中出现bug.使用以下命令回滚(前提是没有升级完)
[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl rolling-update nginx nginx2 --rollback 回退方案即是相反操作即可。 .Service
创建svc配置文件
vim k8s_nginx_svc.yml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: nginxsvc
spec:
type: NodePort
ports:
- port:
nodePort:
selector:
app: nginx2 [root@k8s-m yml]# kubectl create -f k8s_nginx_svc.yml
[root@k8s-m yml]# kubectl get svc
[root@k8s-m yml]# curl -I 10.0.0.13:
[root@k8s-m yml]# curl -I 10.0.0.12: deployment资源管理： vim k8s_nginx_dev.yml apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: nginx
spec:
replicas:
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: nginx
spec:
containers:
- name: nginx
image: 10.0.0.11:/oldguo/nginx:v2
ports:
- containerPort: [root@k8s-m yml]# kubectl create -f k8s_nginx_dev.yml
[root@k8s-m yml]# kubectl get deployment deployment滚动升级
kubectl set image deployment/nginx nginx=10.0.0.11:/oldguo/nginx:v1 kubectl rollout undo deployment/nginx 实现自动pod伸缩
[root@k8s-m yml]# kubectl autoscale deployment nginx --min= --max= --cpu-percent=
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