1. 使用HttpClient

前面拼接StringContent

 string strContent = "client_id=client&client_secret=secret&grant_type=client_credentials";
            HttpContent content = new StringContent(strContent, Encoding.UTF8, "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");

使用await:

public async void GetResponse()
        {
            HttpClient client = new HttpClient();
            Url = "http://xxxx";
            ClientInfo info = new ClientInfo();
            Json = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(info, Settings);
            HttpContent content = new StringContent(Json, Encoding.UTF8, "application/json");
            using (var response = await client.PostAsync(Url, content))
            {
                var result = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();
                Console.WriteLine(result);
            }
        }

这里可判断请求的状态

var content = await client.PostAsync("http://localhost:5001/api/values/",httpContent);
                switch (content.StatusCode)
                {
                    case HttpStatusCode.OK:
                        Console.WriteLine(content.Content.ReadAsStringAsync().Result);
                        break;
                    case HttpStatusCode.Unauthorized:
                        //todo:重新申请token
                        break;
                }

不使用await:

/// <summary>
        /// 将GET请求发送到指定URI
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="url">链接地址</param>
        /// <returns>返回字符串</returns>
        public static string HttpGet(string url)
        {
            string str = string.Empty;
            using (HttpClient client = new HttpClient())
            {
                using (var response = client.GetAsync(url))
                {
                    response.Result.EnsureSuccessStatusCode();
                    str = response.Result.Content.ReadAsStringAsync().Result;
                }
            }
            return str;
        }

需要认证的:

/// <summary>
        /// 将GET请求发送到有身份验证的指定URI
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="url">链接地址</param>
        /// <param name="user">用户名</param>
        /// <param name="password">密码</param>
        /// <returns>返回字符串</returns>
        public static string HttpGet(string url, string user, string password)
        {
            string str = string.Empty;
            HttpClientHandler handler = new HttpClientHandler();
            handler.Credentials = new NetworkCredential(user, password);
            using (HttpClient client = new HttpClient(handler))
            {
                using (var response = client.GetAsync(url))
                {
                    response.Result.EnsureSuccessStatusCode();
                    str = response.Result.Content.ReadAsStringAsync().Result;
                }
            }
            return str;
        }

Post请求:

/// <summary>
        /// 将POST请求发送到指定URI
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="url">链接地址</param>
        /// <param name="content">正文(JSON)</param>
        /// <returns>返回字符串</returns>
        public static string HttpPost(string url, string content)
        {
            string str = string.Empty;
            HttpContent httpcontent = new StringContent(content, Encoding.UTF8, "application/json");
            using (HttpClient client = new HttpClient())
            {
                using (var response = client.PostAsync(url, httpcontent))
                {
                  response.Result.EnsureSuccessStatusCode();
                  str = response.Result.Content.ReadAsStringAsync().Result;
                }
            }
            return str;
        }

需要认证的:

/// <summary>
        /// 将POST请求发送到有身份验证的指定URI
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="url">链接地址</param>
        /// <param name="content">正文(JSON)</param>
        /// <param name="user">用户名</param>
        /// <param name="password">密码</param>
        /// <returns>返回字符串</returns>
        public static string HttpPost(string url, string content, string user, string password)
        {
            string str = string.Empty;
            HttpClientHandler handler = new HttpClientHandler();
            handler.Credentials = new NetworkCredential(user, password);
            HttpContent httpcontent = new StringContent(content, Encoding.UTF8, "application/json");
            using (HttpClient client = new HttpClient(handler))
            {
                if (url.Contains("https"))
                {
                    ServicePointManager.ServerCertificateValidationCallback = delegate { return true; };
                    ServicePointManager.Expect100Continue = false;
                }
                using (var response = client.PostAsync(url, httpcontent))
                {
                    response.Result.EnsureSuccessStatusCode();
                    str = response.Result.Content.ReadAsStringAsync().Result;
                }
            }
            return str;
        }

2.使用HttpWebRequest

Get请求:

/// <summary>
        /// 访问相关地址,并获取访问结果。
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="url">连接地址。</param>
        /// <returns>返回字符串。</returns>
        public static string HttpRequest(string url)
        {
            HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
            request.Method = "Get";
            request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
            HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();
            string encoding = response.ContentEncoding;
            )
            {
                encoding = "UTF-8"; //默认编码
            }
            StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.GetEncoding(encoding));
            return reader.ReadToEnd();
        }

需要认证的Get请求:

/// <summary>
        /// 访问相关地址,并获取访问结果。
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="url">连接地址。</param>
        /// <param name="user">用户名。</param>
        /// <param name="password">密码。</param>
        /// <returns>返回字符串。</returns>
        public static string HttpRequest(string url, string user, string password)
        {
            HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
            request.Credentials = new NetworkCredential(user, password);
            request.Method = "Get";
            request.ContentType = "application/json";
            request.KeepAlive = false;
            request.Accept = "*/*";
            HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();
            string encoding = response.ContentEncoding;
            )
            {
                encoding = "UTF-8"; //默认编码
            }
            StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.GetEncoding(encoding));
            return reader.ReadToEnd();
        }

Post:

string url = "https://xxx.xx.xxx.xxx:xx/gateway/file";
            HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
            ServicePointManager.ServerCertificateValidationCallback = delegate { return true; };
            ServicePointManager.Expect100Continue = false;
            request.Method = "Post";
            request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
            request.Accept = "application/octet-stream";
            request.Timeout =  *  * ;

            string param = "callerIp=8.8.8.8&charset=utf-8&language=zh_CN&merchantId=xxx";
            byte[] data = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(param);
            using (Stream requestStream = request.GetRequestStream())
            {
                requestStream.Write(data, , data.Length);
            }
            Encoding encoding = Encoding.UTF8;
            string responseData = String.Empty;
            using (HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse())
            {
                using (StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream(), encoding))
                {
                    responseData = reader.ReadToEnd().ToString();
                }
            }

使用此方法需要注意参数需要HttpUtility.UrlEncode

/// <summary>
        /// 将POST请求发送到指定URI
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="url">地址</param>
        /// <param name="content">内容</param>
        /// <param name="contentType">MIME类型</param>
        /// <param name="encode">编码</param>
        /// <param name="timeOut">超时时间(单位:毫秒)</param>
        /// <returns>响应内容</returns>
        )
        {
            string result = null;
            HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
            if (url.Contains("https"))
            {
                ServicePointManager.ServerCertificateValidationCallback = delegate { return true; };
                ServicePointManager.Expect100Continue = false;
            }
            request.Method = "Post";
            request.ContentType = contentType;
            request.Timeout = timeOut;
            byte[] data = encode.GetBytes(content);
            using (Stream requestStream = request.GetRequestStream())
            {
                requestStream.Write(data, , data.Length);
            }
            var responseStream = request.GetResponse().GetResponseStream();
            using (var response = request.GetResponseAsync())
            {
                var stream = response.Result.GetResponseStream();
                using (StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(stream))
                {
                    result = sr.ReadToEnd();
                }
            }
            return result;
        }

3.使用WebClient:

不使用Json:

/// <summary>
        /// 将POST请求发送到指定URI
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="url">地址</param>
        /// <param name="collection">参数集合</param>
        /// <returns>字符串</returns>
        public static string HttpPost(string url, System.Collections.Specialized.NameValueCollection collection)
        {
            string result = string.Empty;
            using (WebClient client = new WebClient())
            {
                byte[] response = client.UploadValues(url, collection);
                result = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(response);
            }
            return result;
        }

同时上传文件和表单内容:

public class HttpRequestClient
    {
        #region //字段
        private ArrayList bytesArray;
        private Encoding encoding = Encoding.UTF8;
        private string boundary = String.Empty;
        #endregion

        #region //构造方法
        public HttpRequestClient()
        {
            bytesArray = new ArrayList();
            string flag = DateTime.Now.Ticks.ToString("x");
            boundary = "---------------------------" + flag;
        }
        #endregion

        #region //方法
        /// <summary>
        /// 合并请求数据
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        private byte[] MergeContent()
        {
            ;
            ;
            string endBoundary = "--" + boundary + "--\r\n";
            byte[] endBoundaryBytes = encoding.GetBytes(endBoundary);

            bytesArray.Add(endBoundaryBytes);

            foreach (byte[] b in bytesArray)
            {
                length += b.Length;
            }

            byte[] bytes = new byte[length];

            foreach (byte[] b in bytesArray)
            {
                b.CopyTo(bytes, readLength);
                readLength += b.Length;
            }

            return bytes;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 上传
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="requestUrl">请求url</param>
        /// <param name="responseText">响应</param>
        /// <param name="username">用户名</param>
        /// <param name="password">密码</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public bool Upload(String requestUrl, out String responseText, string username, string password)
        {
            WebClient webClient = new WebClient();
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(username) && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(password))
            {
                webClient.Credentials = new NetworkCredential(username, password);
            }
            webClient.Headers.Add("Content-Type", "multipart/form-data; boundary=" + boundary);
            if (requestUrl.Contains("https"))
            {
                ServicePointManager.ServerCertificateValidationCallback = delegate { return true; };
                ServicePointManager.Expect100Continue = false;
            }
            byte[] responseBytes;
            byte[] bytes = MergeContent();

            try
            {
                responseBytes = webClient.UploadData(requestUrl, "POST", bytes);
                responseText = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetString(responseBytes);
                return true;
            }
            catch (WebException ex)
            {
                Stream responseStream = ex.Response.GetResponseStream();
                responseBytes = new byte[ex.Response.ContentLength];
                responseStream.Read(responseBytes, , responseBytes.Length);
            }
            responseText = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetString(responseBytes);
            return false;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 设置表单数据字段
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="fieldName">字段名</param>
        /// <param name="fieldValue">字段值</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public void SetFieldValue(String fieldName, String fieldValue)
        {
            string httpRow = "--" + boundary + "\r\nContent-Disposition: form-data; name=\"{0}\"\r\n\r\n{1}\r\n";
            string httpRowData = String.Format(httpRow, fieldName, fieldValue);

            bytesArray.Add(encoding.GetBytes(httpRowData));
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 设置表单文件数据
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="fieldName">字段名</param>
        /// <param name="filename">字段值</param>
        /// <param name="contentType">内容内型</param>
        /// <param name="fileBytes">文件字节流</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public void SetFieldValue(String fieldName, String filename, String contentType, Byte[] fileBytes)
        {
            string end = "\r\n";
            string httpRow = "--" + boundary + "\r\nContent-Disposition: form-data; name=\"{0}\"; filename=\"{1}\"\r\nContent-Type: {2}\r\n\r\n";
            string httpRowData = String.Format(httpRow, fieldName, filename, contentType);

            byte[] headerBytes = encoding.GetBytes(httpRowData);
            byte[] endBytes = encoding.GetBytes(end);
            byte[] fileDataBytes = new byte[headerBytes.Length + fileBytes.Length + endBytes.Length];

            headerBytes.CopyTo(fileDataBytes, );
            fileBytes.CopyTo(fileDataBytes, headerBytes.Length);
            endBytes.CopyTo(fileDataBytes, headerBytes.Length + fileBytes.Length);

            bytesArray.Add(fileDataBytes);
        }

        public string GetAuthorization(string username, string password)
        {
            string authorization = string.Format("{0}:{1}", username, password);

            return "Basic " + Convert.ToBase64String(new ASCIIEncoding().GetBytes(authorization));
        }
        #endregion
    }

调用方法:

 string responseText = "";
                Stream fs = file.InputStream;
                byte[] fileBytes = new byte[file.ContentLength];
                fs.Read(fileBytes, , file.ContentLength);
                fs.Close(); fs.Dispose();
                HttpRequestClient httpRequestClient = new HttpRequestClient();
                httpRequestClient.SetFieldValue("file", Path.GetFileName(file.FileName), "application/octet-stream", fileBytes);
                if (httpRequestClient.Upload(uri, out responseText, threadUserName, threadPassword))
                {
                    //dosomething
                }
                else
                {
                    context.Response.Write("上传失败" );
                }

采用异步发送但同步接收:

/// <summary>
        /// 将POST请求发送到指定URI
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="url">地址</param>
        /// <param name="collection">参数集合</param>
        /// <param name="contentType">MIME类型</param>
        /// <param name="acceptType">接收类型</param>
        /// <returns>字节数组</returns>
        public static byte[] HttpPost(string url, System.Collections.Specialized.NameValueCollection collection, string contentType,string acceptType)
        {
            using (WebClient client = new WebClient())
            {
                client.Headers.Add("Content-Type", contentType);
                client.Headers.Add("Accept", acceptType);
                if (url.Contains("https"))
                {
                    ServicePointManager.ServerCertificateValidationCallback = delegate { return true; };
                    ServicePointManager.Expect100Continue = false;
                }
                using (var response = client.UploadValuesTaskAsync(url, collection))
                {
                    byte[] result= response.Result;
                    return result;
                }
            }
        }

下载文件:

/// <summary>
        /// 下载文件
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="url">地址</param>
        /// <param name="fileName">路径</param>
        public static void DownloadFile(string url,string fileName)
        {
            WebClient client = new WebClient();
            client.DownloadFile(url, fileName);
        }

使用这个方法下载文件拿不到原来的文件名,可以改用下面的方法:

using (HttpClient client = new HttpClient())
            {
                using (var response = client.GetAsync(url))
                {
                    response.Result.EnsureSuccessStatusCode();
                    var name = response.Result.Content.Headers.ContentDisposition.FileName.Replace("\"", "");
                    var buff = response.Result.Content.ReadAsByteArrayAsync().Result;
                    string filename = Path.Combine(path, name);
                    using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(filename, FileMode.OpenOrCreate))
                    {
                        fs.Write(buff, , buff.Length);
                    }
                }
            }

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