[1] https://postgrespro.com/docs/enterprise/13/app-pgprobackup

Making backups in PAGE backup mode, performing PITR and making backups with ARCHIVE WAL delivery mode require continuous WAL archiving to be enabled.

You can use both STREAM and ARCHIVE backups for point in time recovery as long as the WAL archive is available at least starting from the time the backup was taken.

  • PTRACK增量备份模式，及incremental restore，要求initdb时--data-checksums.
  • todo stream,archive有什么区别

初始化

  1. pg_probackup init -B $HOME/probackup
  2. pg_probackup add-instance -B $HOME/probackup -D $HOME/pgdata2 --instance pg5433
  3. archive_mode = on
  4. archive_command = '"$HOME/.local/pgsql/bin/pg_probackup" archive-push -B "$HOME/probackup" --instance pg5433 --wal-file-name=%f'
  5. # pg_ctl start

全量，及PAGE增量备份

  1. pg_probackup backup -B $HOME/probackup --instance pg5433 -b FULL -p 5433 -d postgres
  2. pg_probackup backup -B $HOME/probackup --instance pg5433 -b PAGE -p 5433 -d postgres
  3. pg_probackup backup -B $HOME/probackup --instance pg5433 -b PAGE -p 5433 -d postgres --log-level-file=info
  4. # --log-level-file默认off，打开后默认记录在-B/log
  5. pg_probackup show -B $HOME/probackup
  6. BACKUP INSTANCE 'pg5433'
  7. =================================================================================================================================
  8.  Instance  Version  ID      Recovery Time           Mode  WAL Mode  TLI  Time   Data   WAL  Zratio  Start LSN  Stop LSN   Status
  9. =================================================================================================================================
  10.  pg5433    13       R2RP9H  2021-11-18 20:27:17+08  PAGE  ARCHIVE   1/1    1s  106kB  16MB    1.00  0/8000028  0/90000B8  OK
  11.  pg5433    13       R2RP38  2021-11-18 20:23:32+08  PAGE  ARCHIVE   1/1    1s  106kB  16MB    1.00  0/5000028  0/60000F0  OK
  12.  pg5433    13       R2RP1U  2021-11-18 20:22:44+08  FULL  ARCHIVE   1/0    6s   23MB  16MB    1.00  0/2000028  0/30000F0  OK     
  14. pg_probackup show -B $HOME/probackup --instance pg5433
  15. pg_probackup show -B $HOME/probackup --archive

删除不需要的备份数据

  1. pg_probackup delete -B $HOME/probackup --instance pg5433 --delete-expired
  2. pg_probackup delete -B $HOME/probackup --instance pg5433 --delete-wal
  3. pg_probackup delete -B $HOME/probackup --instance pg5433 --status=ERROR

恢复

  1. pg_probackup validate -B $HOME/probackup --instance pg5433
  2. pg_probackup restore -B $HOME/probackup --instance pg5433 -D $HOME/pgdata2-restored
  4. pg_probackup validate -B $HOME/probackup --instance pg5433 --recovery-target-time="2021-11-18 20:15:32+08"
  5. # => ERROR: Backup satisfying target options is not found.
  6. pg_probackup validate -B $HOME/probackup --instance pg5433 --recovery-target-time="2021-11-18 20:23:32+08"
  7. pg_probackup validate -B $HOME/probackup --instance pg5433 --recovery-target-time="2021-11-18 20:25:32+08"
  8. # => INFO: Backup validation completed successfully on time 2021-11-18 20:23:32+08, xid 485 and LSN 0/60000F0
  9. pg_probackup validate -B $HOME/probackup --instance pg5433 --recovery-target-time="2021-11-18 20:35:32+08"
  10. # => WARNING: Thread [1]: Could not read WAL record at 0/A000000
  11. #    ERROR: Thread [1]: WAL segment "/home/fang/probackup/wal/pg5433/00000001000000000000000A" is absent
  12. #    WARNING: Recovery can be done up to time 2021-11-18 20:27:17+08, xid 485 and LSN 0/90000B8
  13. #    ERROR: Not enough WAL records to time 2021-11-18 20:35:32+08
  15. pg_probackup restore -B $HOME/probackup --instance pg5433 -D $HOME/pgdata2-restored2 --recovery-target-time="2021-11-18 20:23:32+08"

DELTA增量备份

  1. pg_probackup backup -B $HOME/probackup --instance pg5433 -b DELTA -p 5433 -d postgres --log-level-file=info

PTRACK增量备份，要求--data-checksums

  1. pg_probackup backup -B $HOME/probackup --instance pg5433 -b PTRACK -p 5433 -d postgres --log-level-file=info
  2. # WARNING: This PostgreSQL instance was initialized without data block checksums. pg_probackup have no way to detect data block corruption without them. Reinitialize PGDATA with option '--data-checksums'.
  3. # WARNING: Current PostgreSQL role is superuser. It is not recommended to run pg_probackup under superuser.
  4. # ERROR: This PostgreSQL instance does not support ptrack
  5. # WARNING: Backup R2TMDU is running, setting its status to ERROR
  7. pg_probackup show -B $HOME/probackup
  8. BACKUP INSTANCE 'pg5433'
  9. =====================================================================================================================================
  10.  Instance  Version  ID      Recovery Time           Mode    WAL Mode  TLI  Time   Data   WAL  Zratio  Start LSN   Stop LSN    Status
  11. =====================================================================================================================================
  12.  pg5433    13       R2TMDU  ----                    PTRACK  ARCHIVE   0/0     0      0     0    1.00  0/0         0/0         ERROR
  13.  pg5433    13       R2TMDK  2021-11-19 21:20:08+08  DELTA   ARCHIVE   1/1    1s  106kB  16MB    1.00  0/11000028  0/120000B8  OK
  14.  pg5433    13       R2SQBU  2021-11-19 09:47:54+08  PAGE    ARCHIVE   1/1    1s  106kB  16MB    1.00  0/E000028   0/F0000B8   OK
  15.  pg5433    13       R2SQAS  2021-11-19 09:47:16+08  PAGE    ARCHIVE   1/1    1s  106kB  16MB    1.00  0/B000028   0/C0000B8   OK
  16.  pg5433    13       R2RP9H  2021-11-18 20:27:17+08  PAGE    ARCHIVE   1/1    1s  106kB  16MB    1.00  0/8000028   0/90000B8   OK
  17.  pg5433    13       R2RP38  2021-11-18 20:23:32+08  PAGE    ARCHIVE   1/1    1s  106kB  16MB    1.00  0/5000028   0/60000F0   OK
  18.  pg5433    13       R2RP1U  2021-11-18 20:22:44+08  FULL    ARCHIVE   1/0    6s   23MB  16MB    1.00  0/2000028   0/30000F0   OK

在有交易时增量备份

  1. pgbench -i -s 10 postgres
  2. pgbench -c 2 -T 100 -R 100 postgres
  3. pg_probackup backup -B $HOME/probackup --instance pg5433 -b PAGE -p 5433 -d postgres --log-level-file=info
  4. pg_probackup backup -B $HOME/probackup --instance pg5433 -b DELTA -p 5433 -d postgres --log-level-file=info
  5. pg_probackup show -B $HOME/probackup
  6. BACKUP INSTANCE 'pg5433'
  7. ====================================================================================================================================
  8.  Instance  Version  ID      Recovery Time           Mode   WAL Mode  TLI  Time   Data   WAL  Zratio  Start LSN   Stop LSN    Status
  9. ====================================================================================================================================
  10.  pg5433    13       R2TMOZ  2021-11-19 21:26:59+08  DELTA  ARCHIVE   1/1    1s  106kB  16MB    1.00  0/29000028  0/2A0000B8  OK
  11.  pg5433    13       R2TMOI  2021-11-19 21:26:42+08  PAGE   ARCHIVE   1/1    1s  106kB  16MB    1.00  0/27000028  0/280000B8  OK
  12.  pg5433    13       R2TMO9  2021-11-19 21:26:34+08  DELTA  ARCHIVE   1/1    2s  106kB  16MB    1.00  0/24000028  0/250000B8  OK
  13.  pg5433    13       R2TMO0  2021-11-19 21:26:24+08  PAGE   ARCHIVE   1/1    1s  106kB  16MB    1.00  0/22000028  0/230000B8  OK
  14.  pg5433    13       R2TMNR  2021-11-19 21:26:16+08  DELTA  ARCHIVE   1/1    2s  106kB  16MB    1.00  0/1F000028  0/200000B8  OK
  15.  pg5433    13       R2TMNH  2021-11-19 21:26:05+08  PAGE   ARCHIVE   1/1    1s  106kB  16MB    1.00  0/1D000028  0/1E0000B8  OK
  16.  pg5433    13       R2TMNA  2021-11-19 21:25:58+08  DELTA  ARCHIVE   1/1    1s  106kB  16MB    1.00  0/1B000028  0/1C0000F0  OK
  17.  pg5433    13       R2TMN1  2021-11-19 21:25:50+08  PAGE   ARCHIVE   1/1    2s  106kB  16MB    1.00  0/19000028  0/1A0000B8  OK
  18.  pg5433    13       R2TMMR  2021-11-19 21:25:39+08  DELTA  ARCHIVE   1/1    1s  106kB  16MB    1.00  0/17000028  0/180000B8  OK
  19.  pg5433    13       R2TMM7  2021-11-19 21:25:20+08  PAGE   ARCHIVE   1/1    2s  106kB  16MB    1.00  0/14000028  0/150000B8  OK
  20.  pg5433    13       R2TMDK  2021-11-19 21:20:08+08  DELTA  ARCHIVE   1/1    1s  106kB  16MB    1.00  0/11000028  0/120000B8  OK
  21.  pg5433    13       R2SQBU  2021-11-19 09:47:54+08  PAGE   ARCHIVE   1/1    1s  106kB  16MB    1.00  0/E000028   0/F0000B8   OK
  22.  pg5433    13       R2SQAS  2021-11-19 09:47:16+08  PAGE   ARCHIVE   1/1    1s  106kB  16MB    1.00  0/B000028   0/C0000B8   OK
  23.  pg5433    13       R2RP9H  2021-11-18 20:27:17+08  PAGE   ARCHIVE   1/1    1s  106kB  16MB    1.00  0/8000028   0/90000B8   OK
  24.  pg5433    13       R2RP38  2021-11-18 20:23:32+08  PAGE   ARCHIVE   1/1    1s  106kB  16MB    1.00  0/5000028   0/60000F0   OK
  25.  pg5433    13       R2RP1U  2021-11-18 20:22:44+08  FULL   ARCHIVE   1/0    6s   23MB  16MB    1.00  0/2000028   0/30000F0   OK
  27. pg_probackup validate -B $HOME/probackup --instance pg5433 --recovery-target-time="2021-11-19 21:26:32+08"
  28. pg_probackup validate -B $HOME/probackup --instance pg5433 --recovery-target-time="2021-11-19 21:26:52+08"

增量恢复，两种模式（checksum,lsn）都需要--data-checksums

  1. pg_probackup restore -B $HOME/probackup --instance pg5433 -D $HOME/pgdata2 -I lsn
  2. pg_probackup restore -B $HOME/probackup --instance pg5433 -D $HOME/pgdata2 -I lsn
  3. # INFO: Running incremental restore into nonempty directory: "/home/fang/pgdata2"
  4. # WARNING: Postmaster with pid 1405 is running in destination directory "/home/fang/pgdata2"
  5. # INFO: Trying to read pg_control file in destination directory
  6. # ERROR: Incremental restore is not allowed
  7. pg_ctl -D ~/pgdata2 -l ~/repos/postgres/logfile2 stop
  8. # waiting for server to shut down.... done
  9. # server stopped
  10. pg_probackup restore -B $HOME/probackup --instance pg5433 -D $HOME/pgdata2 -I lsn
  11. # INFO: Running incremental restore into nonempty directory: "/home/fang/pgdata2"
  12. # INFO: Trying to read pg_control file in destination directory
  13. # ERROR: Incremental restore in 'lsn' mode require data_checksums to be enabled in destination data directory

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