docker：（4）利用WebHook实现持续集成

研发小伙伴可能对下列操作步骤会深有体会

写代码--》提交代码--》打包--》发布

在项目调试测试阶段，可能经常需要重复上面的步骤，以便将最新代码部署到特定环境供测试人员或其他人员使用

CI即持续集成的提出及各种解决方案，减轻了很多最初简单但繁琐的工作

本文将通过提交代码到git，然后通过webHook触发jenkins打包并发布到相应容器中，开发人员只需提交代码，后续打包发布都自动实现

git　　：我使用的码云   我的主页为： https://gitee.com/xiaochangwei

jenkins：Jenkins ver. 2.89.2

tomcat 8 jdk8 maven3.5

[root@iZnz7e74o4ag3oZ webapps]# java -version
java version "1.8.0_121"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_121-b13)
Java HotSpot(TM) -Bit Server VM (build 25.121-b13, mixed mode)
[root@iZnz7e74o4ag3oZ webapps]# mvn -version
Apache Maven 3.5. (ff8f5e7444045639af65f6095c62210b5713f426; --04T03::+:)
Maven home: /usr/local/src/maven
Java version: 1.8.0_121, vendor: Oracle Corporation
Java home: /usr/local/src/jdk/jre
Default locale: en_US, platform encoding: UTF-
OS name: "linux", version: "3.10.0-693.2.2.el7.x86_64", arch: "amd64", family: "unix"
[root@iZnz7e74o4ag3oZ webapps]# 

配置好环境后，在tomcat中运行jenkins，并设置好用户名密码确保能正常登录使用

操作步骤：

1.安装插件   Generic Webhook Trigger Plugin、Deploy to container Plugin、Git plugin 由于这里暂时未发布到docker中，通过Deploy to container Plugin发布到tomcat中的

2.上传maven项目到https://gitee.com

3.jenkins中新建项目ci

　　3.1 配置提交的代码地址，Add有权限的用户名和密码（我的是私有项目），指定分支

　　

　　3.2：配置maven命令以及发布到的tomcat

　　

　　注意：发布项目的tomcat需要设置用户信息，即修改conf下的user.xml  具体可以参考我很早之前写的 http://www.cnblogs.com/xiaochangwei/p/4952644.html

这样就可以手动构建项目了，请确保手动构建能成功后再进行下列操作

　　遇见的问题及解决方案：

　　　　如果构建时提示权限不对

　　　　生成公钥：  ssh-keygen -t rsa  一直回车直结束

　　　　cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub   将内容增加到码云上

　　　　

　　　　如果还提示没权限

　　　　手动先在jenkins运行的机器上clone一次代码  如 git clone git@gitee.com:xiaochangwei/ci-demo.git  注意输入yes

　　　　

　　　　然后再看.ssh目录，多了一个known_hosts 里面有码云了，然后再手动构建，应该就能成功了

　　　　

　　至此，手动打包并部署就已经实现了

　　------------------------------自动部署 --------------------------------------------------

　　1. 安装上述插件后勾选Generic Webhook Trigger 增加post参数 ref  expression值为 $.ref   注意有个点

　　

　　增加optional filter

　　

　　其实上面这部分不用设置也行，尤其是只会在jenkins中部署一个项目的一个分支时，只需要勾选上Generic Webhook Trigger就可以的

　　2. 在码云中增加hook：http://USER ID:API TOKEN@jenkins部署的地址:端口号/jenkins/generic-webhook-trigger/invoke （红色这部分不要变）

　　　　(这里不用api token 直接用jenkins的登录密码也可以， api token查看地址为：jenkins-用户-点击用户名-api token)

　　　　同时勾选push或者其他你认为需要触发部署的事件

　　

　　提交后点击测试，如果返回ok，则表示成功，切换到jenkins，查看项目是否能够自动部署

　　我自己写了一个接口用来获取点击测试后，到底请求了些什么　　

　　格式化下内容如下：

{
    "hook_name": "push_hooks",
    "total_commits_count": ,
    "before": "",
    "user_name": "肖哥哥",
    "project": {
        "path": "ci-demo",
        "git_svn_url": "svn://gitee.com/xiaochangwei/ci-demo",
        "path_with_namespace": "xiaochangwei/ci-demo",
        "name": "ci-demo",
        "namespace": "xiaochangwei",
        "default_branch": "master",
        "git_http_url": "https://gitee.com/xiaochangwei/ci-demo.git",
        "name_with_namespace": "肖哥哥/ci-demo",
        "url": "https://gitee.com/xiaochangwei/ci-demo",
        "git_ssh_url": "git@gitee.com:xiaochangwei/ci-demo.git"
    },
    "repository": {
        "name": "ci-demo",
        "description": "",
        "url": "https://gitee.com/xiaochangwei/ci-demo.git",
        "homepage": "https://gitee.com/xiaochangwei/ci-demo"
    },
    "commits_more_than_ten": false,
    "ref": "refs/heads/master",
    "password": "",
    "commits": [{
        "author": {
            "name": "肖哥哥",
            "time": "2015-11-06T13:21:07+08:00",
            "email": "317409898@qq.com"
        },
        "id": "ec7159240a346fa5988913aa3057b902a4acb126",
        "message": "A Test For WebHooks",
        "url": "https://gitee.com/xiaochangwei/ci-demo/commit/ec7159240a346fa5988913aa3057b902a4acb126",
        "timestamp": "2015-11-06T13:21:07+08:00"
    }],
    "after": "ec7159240a346fa5988913aa3057b902a4acb126",
    "user": {
        "name": "肖哥哥",
        "id": ,
        "time": "2018-01-11T12:38:38+08:00",
        "user": "xiaochangwei",
        "email": "317409898@qq.com",
        "url": "https://gitee.com/xiaochangwei"
    }
}

　　其实多建立几个项目然后获取信息后会发现，不同项目间存在差异的就是project.git_ssh_url 和分支 ref

　　至此，单个项目的自动部署就完了

　　

　　如果你在jenkins中有多个项目，你触发其中的一个webHook你就会发现，所有的项目都在构建？

　　这就有点不科学了，本来只想构建A项目，结果Abc项目都构建了？  要解决这个就需要用到上面提到的post param 和 filer 了

　　解析触发自动构建的请求参数，ref和project.git_ssh_url是差异性的东西，那就根据两个来区分项目

　　

　　有这上面的两个post参数还不行，因为只是获取到了对应的参数值

　　其实要想区分不同的项目也简单，只要获取到的ref还有url 和需要构建的项目分支和 git地址相同就构建，否则就不构建

　　optional filter提供的方式就是最简单的正则匹配

　　

　　Expression设置为  ^(refs/heads/master)_(git@gitee.com:xiaochangwei/ci-demo.git)$  注意修改为自己的项目地址

　　Text 设置为　　　$ref_$project.git_ssh_url

　　保存，再次构建，是不是只触发了一个项目了，而不是所有项目了

　　

　　测试：

　　　　1.提交代码， 提交代码后看到jenkins就自动编译打包了

　　　　　

　　　　　2.查看编译日志：jenkins收到了webhook请求，并且拉取了代码，提交信息和我们提交代码时输入信息一致　　　　　　

　　　　有同学质疑我这里为啥失败了，是不是自动构建不可用，不是哈， 我这里是用的阿里服务器，内存不够导致了自动发布失败

　　　　完整编译并正确部署的日志如下：

　　　　

Generic Cause
Building in workspace /root/.jenkins/workspace/ci
GenericWebhookEnvironmentContributor Received:

{"before":"","after":"ec7159240a346fa5988913aa3057b902a4acb126","ref":"refs/heads/master","user_name":"\u8096\u54e5\u54e5","user":{"id":,"email":"317409898@qq.com","name":"\u8096\u54e5\u54e5","user":"xiaochangwei","url":"https://gitee.com/xiaochangwei","time":"2018-01-12T08:56:18+08:00"},"repository":{"name":"ci-demo","url":"https://gitee.com/xiaochangwei/ci-demo.git","description":"","homepage":"https://gitee.com/xiaochangwei/ci-demo"},"commits":[{"id":"ec7159240a346fa5988913aa3057b902a4acb126","message":"A Test For WebHooks","timestamp":"2015-11-06T13:21:07+08:00","url":"https://gitee.com/xiaochangwei/ci-demo/commit/ec7159240a346fa5988913aa3057b902a4acb126","author":{"name":"\u8096\u54e5\u54e5","email":"317409898@qq.com","time":"2015-11-06T13:21:07+08:00"}}],"project":{"name":"ci-demo","path":"ci-demo","url":"https://gitee.com/xiaochangwei/ci-demo","git_ssh_url":"git@gitee.com:xiaochangwei/ci-demo.git","git_http_url":"https://gitee.com/xiaochangwei/ci-demo.git","git_svn_url":"svn://gitee.com/xiaochangwei/ci-demo","namespace":"xiaochangwei","name_with_namespace":"\u8096\u54e5\u54e5/ci-demo","path_with_namespace":"xiaochangwei/ci-demo","default_branch":"master"},"total_commits_count":,"commits_more_than_ten":false,"enterprise":null,"hook_name":"push_hooks","password":""}

Contributing variables:

    ref = refs/heads/master
    project.git_ssh_url = git@gitee.com:xiaochangwei/ci-demo.git

 > git rev-parse --is-inside-work-tree # timeout=
Fetching changes from the remote Git repository
 > git config remote.origin.url git@gitee.com:xiaochangwei/ci-demo.git # timeout=
Fetching upstream changes from git@gitee.com:xiaochangwei/ci-demo.git
 > git --version # timeout=
using GIT_ASKPASS to set credentials
 > git fetch --tags --progress git@gitee.com:xiaochangwei/ci-demo.git +refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/*
 > git rev-parse refs/remotes/origin/master^{commit} # timeout=10
 > git rev-parse refs/remotes/origin/origin/master^{commit} # timeout=10
Checking out Revision 2eca30803759e021f658c92c136aa72dc026c3be (refs/remotes/origin/master)
 > git config core.sparsecheckout # timeout=10
 > git checkout -f 2eca30803759e021f658c92c136aa72dc026c3be
Commit message: "test auto package and deploy"
 > git rev-list --no-walk 2eca30803759e021f658c92c136aa72dc026c3be # timeout=10
Parsing POMs
Established TCP socket on 44276
[ci] $ /usr/local/src/jdk/bin/java -cp /root/.jenkins/plugins/maven-plugin/WEB-INF/lib/maven35-agent-1.12-alpha-1.jar:/usr/local/src/maven/boot/plexus-classworlds-2.5.2.jar:/usr/local/src/maven/conf/logging jenkins.maven3.agent.Maven35Main /usr/local/src/maven /usr/local/src/tomcat/webapps/jenkins/WEB-INF/lib/remoting-3.14.jar /root/.jenkins/plugins/maven-plugin/WEB-INF/lib/maven35-interceptor-1.12-alpha-1.jar /root/.jenkins/plugins/maven-plugin/WEB-INF/lib/maven3-interceptor-commons-1.12-alpha-1.jar 44276
<===[JENKINS REMOTING CAPACITY]===>channel started
Executing Maven:  -B -f /root/.jenkins/workspace/ci/pom.xml clean package -Dmaven.test.skip=true
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO]
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Building docker-demo 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-clean-plugin:2.6.1:clean (default-clean) @ ci-demo ---
[INFO] Deleting /root/.jenkins/workspace/ci/target
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ ci-demo ---
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] Copying 1 resource
[INFO] Copying 0 resource
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:compile (default-compile) @ ci-demo ---
[INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
[INFO] Compiling 6 source files to /root/.jenkins/workspace/ci/target/classes
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:testResources (default-testResources) @ ci-demo ---
[INFO] Not copying test resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ ci-demo ---
[INFO] Not compiling test sources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.18.1:test (default-test) @ ci-demo ---
[INFO] Tests are skipped.
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-war-plugin:2.6:war (default-war) @ ci-demo ---
[INFO] Packaging webapp
[INFO] Assembling webapp [ci-demo] in [/root/.jenkins/workspace/ci/target/ci-demo]
[INFO] Processing war project
[INFO] Webapp assembled in [298 msecs]
[INFO] Building war: /root/.jenkins/workspace/ci/target/ci-demo.war
[INFO]
[INFO] --- spring-boot-maven-plugin:1.5.9.RELEASE:repackage (default) @ ci-demo ---
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 18.729 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2018-01-12T08:56:46+08:00
[INFO] Final Memory: 30M/72M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
Waiting for Jenkins to finish collecting data
[JENKINS] Archiving /root/.jenkins/workspace/ci/pom.xml to com.xiao/ci-demo/0.0.1-SNAPSHOT/ci-demo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.pom
[JENKINS] Archiving /root/.jenkins/workspace/ci/target/ci-demo.war to com.xiao/ci-demo/0.0.1-SNAPSHOT/ci-demo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.war
channel stopped
Deploying /root/.jenkins/workspace/ci/target/ci-demo.war to container Tomcat 8.x Remote with context /ci
  Redeploying [/root/.jenkins/workspace/ci/target/ci-demo.war]
  Undeploying [/root/.jenkins/workspace/ci/target/ci-demo.war]
  Deploying [/root/.jenkins/workspace/ci/target/ci-demo.war]
Finished: SUCCESS

　　查看效果