iOS通讯录相关知识-浅析

本文来自于：贞娃儿的博客  http://blog.sina.com.cn/zhenwawaer

 在开发一些应用中，我们如果需要iPhone设备中的通讯录信息。或者，需要开发通讯录相关的一些功能。那么就需要了解一下iOS中关于通讯录编程的相关知识。

 

一、AddressBook.framework-通讯录框架

 

      关于通讯录的相关操作，被集成在AddressBook.framework框架中。所以，我们在使用通讯录相关功能的时候，需要在项目中引入AddressBook.framework框架。并且在需要使用的地方，加入框架头文件：

#import

 

二、通讯录操作相关知识

 

先贴一贴：

 

- (void)viewDidLoad

{

[super viewDidLoad];

// 获得用户通讯录数据的一个引用

ABAddressBookRef addressBook = ABAddressBookCreate();

if (addressBook != nil){

NSLog(@"Successfully accessed the address book.");

// 查看通讯录状态：YES：通讯录改变，但还没有保存；NO；通讯录不需要保存

if (ABAddressBookHasUnsavedChanges(addressBook)){

BOOL doYouWantToSaveChanges = YES;

if (doYouWantToSaveChanges){

CFErrorRef saveError = NULL;

// 保存通讯录

if (ABAddressBookSave(addressBook, &saveError)){

// 保存成功

} else {

// 保存失败，查看CFErrorRef 来了解错误原因

}

} else {

// 放弃保存

ABAddressBookRevert(addressBook);

}

}else{

NSLog(@"No changes to the address book.");

}

CFRelease(addressBook);// 释放通讯录引用对象

} else {

NSLog(@"Could not access the address book.");

}

}

 

解释：有很多的类和知识点，需要mark一下。

 

1.获取通讯录的应用：

ABAddressBookRef addressBook = ABAddressBookCreate();

在使用完成后，需要释放：

CFRelease(addressBook);

 

因为：ABAddressBookCreate 函数返回的数据库实例,在使用完后必须将它释放掉,可以使用 CFRelease Core Foundation 方法。

 

2.保存修改和放弃修改：

ABAddressBookSave(addressBook, &saveError)// 保存

ABAddressBookRevert(addressBook);// 放弃保存

 

三、获得通讯录的所有联系人数据

 

直接贴：

 

- (void)viewDidLoad

{

[super viewDidLoad];

ABAddressBookRef addressBook = ABAddressBookCreate();// 获得用户通讯录数据的一个引用

if (addressBook != nil){

NSLog(@"Successfully accessed the address book.");

// 返回通讯录中所有的数据

NSArray *arrayOfAllPeople = ( NSArray *) ABAddressBookCopyArrayOfAllPeople(addressBook);

// 循环所有联系人数据

for (NSUInteger peopleCounter = 0; peopleCounter < [arrayOfAllPeople count]; peopleCounter++){

ABRecordRef thisPerson = (ABRecordRef)[arrayOfAllPeople objectAtIndex:peopleCounter];

NSLog(@"%@", thisPerson);

NSString *firstName = (NSString *) ABRecordCopyValue(thisPerson, kABPersonFirstNameProperty);

NSString *lastName = (NSString *) ABRecordCopyValue(thisPerson, kABPersonLastNameProperty);

NSLog(@"First Name = %@", firstName);

NSLog(@"Last Name = %@", lastName);

[self logPersonEmails:thisPerson];

}

CFRelease(addressBook);// 释放通讯录引用对象

}

}

// 邮箱的数据

- (void) logPersonEmails:(ABRecordRef)paramPerson{

if (paramPerson == NULL){

NSLog(@"The given person is NULL.");

return;

}

// 获得电子邮件数据，电子邮件是个多值属性，所以需要循环遍历

ABMultiValueRef emails =ABRecordCopyValue(paramPerson, kABPersonEmailProperty);

if (emails == NULL){

NSLog(@"This contact does not have any emails.");

return;

}

for (NSUInteger emailCounter = 0;emailCounter < ABMultiValueGetCount(emails);emailCounter++){

// 邮件类别

NSString *emailLabel = [(NSString *) ABMultiValueCopyLabelAtIndex(emails, emailCounter) autorelease];

NSString *localizedEmailLabel = [(NSString *) ABAddressBookCopyLocalizedLabel((CFStringRef)emailLabel) autorelease];

// 邮件值

NSString *emailValue=[(NSString *)ABMultiValueCopyValueAtIndex(emails, emailCounter) autorelease];

NSString *email = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"Label = %@, Localized Label = %@,Email = %@",emailLabel,localizedEmailLabel,emailValue];

NSLog(@"%@",email);

}

CFRelease(emails);

}

 

解释：

1.在通讯录中，有单值和多值的区分

单值：在某一项中，只有一个值，比如：kABPersonFirstNameProperty和kABPersonLastNameProperty等

多值：kABPersonEmailProperty等

这样的话，我们遍历的时候，必须要区别对待了。

 

2.数据的释放

获得相关信息的方法为：XXXCopyXXX方法，所以，我们必须要手动释放数据，或者使用autorelease。

 

四、向通讯录中添加联系人-ABPersonCreate

 

 

贴代码：

 

- (void)viewDidLoad

{

[super viewDidLoad];

ABAddressBookRef addressBook = ABAddressBookCreate();// 获得用户通讯录数据的一个引用

if (addressBook != NULL){

ABRecordRef anthonyRobbins = [self newPersonWithFirstName:@"TT"

lastName:@"DD"

inAddressBook:addressBook];

if (anthonyRobbins != NULL){

NSLog(@"添加成功！");

CFRelease(anthonyRobbins);

}

CFRelease(addressBook);

}

}

// 添加联系人到通讯录

- (ABRecordRef) newPersonWithFirstName:(NSString *)paramFirstName lastName:(NSString *)paramLastName inAddressBook:(ABAddressBookRef)paramAddressBook{

ABRecordRef result = NULL;

if (paramAddressBook == NULL){

NSLog(@"The address book is NULL.");

return NULL;

}

if ([paramFirstName length] == 0 && [paramLastName length] == 0){

NSLog(@"First name and last name are both empty.");

return NULL;

}

result = ABPersonCreate();// 创建一个新的联系人

if (result == NULL){

NSLog(@"Failed to create a new person.");

return NULL;

}

BOOL couldSetFirstName = NO;

BOOL couldSetLastName = NO;

CFErrorRef setFirstNameError = NULL;

CFErrorRef setLastNameError = NULL;

// 设置FirstName，并且返回是否设置成功

couldSetFirstName = ABRecordSetValue(result,kABPersonFirstNameProperty,(CFTypeRef)paramFirstName,&setFirstNameError);

// 设置LastName，并且返回是否设置成功

couldSetLastName = ABRecordSetValue(result, kABPersonLastNameProperty,(CFTypeRef)paramLastName,&setLastNameError);

// 设置其他属性，类似,但是还没有研究出来先mark一下吧

if (couldSetFirstName && couldSetLastName){

NSLog(@"Successfully set the first name and the last name of the person.");

} else {

NSLog(@"Failed to set the first name and/or last name of the person.");

}

CFErrorRef couldAddPersonError = NULL;

BOOL couldAddPerson = ABAddressBookAddRecord(paramAddressBook, result,&couldAddPersonError);

if (couldAddPerson){

NSLog(@"添加联系人-成功！");

} else {

NSLog(@"添加联系人-失败！");

CFRelease(result);

result = NULL;

return result;

}

// 更新通讯录

if (ABAddressBookHasUnsavedChanges(paramAddressBook)){

CFErrorRef couldSaveAddressBookError = NULL;

BOOL couldSaveAddressBook = ABAddressBookSave(paramAddressBook, &couldSaveAddressBookError);

if (couldSaveAddressBook){

NSLog(@"成功的保存到了通讯录中");

} else {

NSLog(@"保存到通讯录中失败");

}

}

return result;

}

 

大概步骤：

 

1.创建通讯录的引用

ABAddressBookRef addressBook = ABAddressBookCreate();

 

2.创建联系人

ABRecordRef result = NULL;

result = ABPersonCreate();// 创建一个新的联系人

3.并联系人中添加相关的值

ABRecordSetValue(result, kABPersonLastNameProperty,(CFTypeRef)paramLastName,&setLastNameError);

添加的项，应该也要分单值和多值的情况。现在还没搞清楚多值类型（电话号码，电子邮件）如何添加。如果您知道或者了解，请不吝赐教！谢谢！

 

4.将联系人加入到通讯录中

CFErrorRef couldAddPersonError = NULL;

BOOL couldAddPerson = ABAddressBookAddRecord(paramAddressBook, result,&couldAddPersonError);

 

5.保存通讯录

// 更新通讯录

if (ABAddressBookHasUnsavedChanges(paramAddressBook)){

CFErrorRef couldSaveAddressBookError = NULL;

BOOL couldSaveAddressBook = ABAddressBookSave(paramAddressBook, &couldSaveAddressBookError);

}

 

 

五、向通讯录中添加分组-ABGroupCreate

 

贴：

 

- (void)viewDidLoad

{

[super viewDidLoad];

ABAddressBookRef addressBook = ABAddressBookCreate();// 获得用户通讯录数据的一个引用

if (addressBook != nil){

ABRecordRef personalCoachesGroup =[self newGroupWithName:@"测试分类"

inAddressBook:addressBook];

if (personalCoachesGroup != NULL){

NSLog(@"Successfully created the group.");

CFRelease(personalCoachesGroup);

} else {

NSLog(@"Could not create the group.");

}

CFRelease(addressBook);

}

}

 

// 添加群组到通讯录中

- (ABRecordRef) newGroupWithName:(NSString *)paramGroupName inAddressBook:(ABAddressBookRef)paramAddressBook{

ABRecordRef result = NULL;

if (paramAddressBook == NULL){

NSLog(@"The address book is nil.");

return NULL;

}

result = ABGroupCreate();// 创建一个分组

if (result == NULL){

NSLog(@"Failed to create a new group.");

return NULL;

}

BOOL couldSetGroupName = NO;

CFErrorRef error = NULL;

// 设置分组

couldSetGroupName = ABRecordSetValue(result, kABGroupNameProperty,(CFTypeRef)paramGroupName,&error);

if (couldSetGroupName){

BOOL couldAddRecord = NO;

CFErrorRef couldAddRecordError = NULL;

couldAddRecord = ABAddressBookAddRecord(paramAddressBook, result,&couldAddRecordError);

if (couldAddRecord){

NSLog(@"Successfully added the new group.");

if (ABAddressBookHasUnsavedChanges(paramAddressBook)){

BOOL couldSaveAddressBook = NO;

CFErrorRef couldSaveAddressBookError = NULL;

couldSaveAddressBook = ABAddressBookSave(paramAddressBook,&couldSaveAddressBookError);

if (couldSaveAddressBook){

NSLog(@"Successfully saved the address book.");

} else {

CFRelease(result);

result = NULL;

NSLog(@"Failed to save the address book.");

}

} else {

CFRelease(result);

result = NULL;

NSLog(@"No unsaved changes.");

}

} else {

CFRelease(result);

result = NULL;

NSLog(@"Could not add a new group.");

}

} else {

CFRelease(result);

result = NULL;

NSLog(@"Failed to set the name of the group."); }

return result;

}

 

大概步骤：

 

1.创建通讯录的引用

ABAddressBookRef addressBook = ABAddressBookCreate();

 

2.创建分组

ABRecordRef result = NULL;

result = ABGroupCreate();// 创建一个分组

3.并分组中添加相关的值

// 设置分组

couldSetGroupName = ABRecordSetValue(result, kABGroupNameProperty,(CFTypeRef)paramGroupName,&error);

4.将分组加入到通讯录中

CFErrorRef couldAddRecordError = NULL;

couldAddRecord = ABAddressBookAddRecord(paramAddressBook, result,&couldAddRecordError);

 

5.保存通讯录

// 更新通讯录

if (ABAddressBookHasUnsavedChanges(paramAddressBook)){

CFErrorRef couldSaveAddressBookError = NULL;

BOOL couldSaveAddressBook = ABAddressBookSave(paramAddressBook, &couldSaveAddressBookError);

}

 

六、将联系人添加到指定的分组中

 

有了前面的铺垫，我们就清楚了。不解释了！

贴：

ABAddressBookRef addressBook = ABAddressBookCreate();

if (addressBook != nil){

// 创建联系人

ABRecordRef richardBranson = [self newPersonWithFirstName:@"Richard"

lastName:@"Branson"

inAddressBook:addressBook];

if (richardBranson != NULL){

// 创建分组

ABRecordRef entrepreneursGroup = [self newGroupWithName:@"Entrepreneurs"

inAddressBook:addressBook];

if (entrepreneursGroup != NULL){

BOOL isSuccess=[self addPerson:richardBranson toGroup:entrepreneursGroup saveToAddressBook:addressBook];

if (isSuccess){

NSLog(@"Successfully");

} else {

NSLog(@"Failed ");

}

CFRelease(entrepreneursGroup);

} else {

NSLog(@"Failed to create the Entrepreneurs group.");

}

CFRelease(richardBranson);

} else {

NSLog(@"Failed to create an entity for Richard Branson."); }

CFRelease(addressBook);

} else {

NSLog(@"Address book is nil.");

}

 

 

// 把联系人添加到指定的组中

- (BOOL) addPerson:(ABRecordRef)paramPerson toGroup:(ABRecordRef)paramGroup saveToAddressBook:(ABAddressBookRef)paramAddressBook{

BOOL result = NO;

if (paramPerson == NULL ||paramGroup == NULL || paramAddressBook == NULL){

NSLog(@"Invalid parameters are given.");

return result;

}

CFErrorRef error = NULL;

result = ABGroupAddMember(paramGroup,paramPerson,&error);

if (result == NO){

NSLog(@"Could not add the person to the group.");

return result;

}

if (ABAddressBookHasUnsavedChanges(paramAddressBook)){

BOOL couldSaveAddressBook = NO;

CFErrorRef couldSaveAddressBookError = NULL;

couldSaveAddressBook = ABAddressBookSave(paramAddressBook, &couldSaveAddressBookError);

if (couldSaveAddressBook){

NSLog(@"Successfully added the person to the group.");

result = YES;

} else {

NSLog(@"Failed to save the address book.");

}

} else {

NSLog(@"No changes were saved.");

}

return result;

}

 

七、查找联系人和分组

 

比如我们可能需要查找通讯录的某个分组或者联系人是否存在，可以使用以下方法：

 

贴：

 

#pragma mark - 查找通讯录

// 查找通讯录中联系人是否存在指定联系人

- (BOOL) doesPersonExistWithFirstName:(NSString *)paramFirstName lastName:(NSString *)paramLastName inAddressBook:(ABRecordRef)paramAddressBook{

BOOL result = NO;

if (paramAddressBook == NULL){

NSLog(@"The address book is null.");

return NO;

}

NSArray *allPeople = [(NSArray *) ABAddressBookCopyArrayOfAllPeople(paramAddressBook) autorelease];

NSUInteger peopleCounter = 0;

for (peopleCounter = 0; peopleCounter < [allPeople count]; peopleCounter++){

ABRecordRef person = (ABRecordRef)[allPeople objectAtIndex:peopleCounter];

NSString *firstName = [(NSString *) ABRecordCopyValue(person, kABPersonFirstNameProperty) autorelease];

NSString *lastName = [(NSString *) ABRecordCopyValue(person, kABPersonLastNameProperty) autorelease];

BOOL firstNameIsEqual = NO;

BOOL lastNameIsEqual = NO;

if ([firstName length] == 0 && [paramFirstName length] == 0){

firstNameIsEqual = YES;

}else if ([firstName isEqualToString:paramFirstName]){

firstNameIsEqual = YES;

}

if ([lastName length] == 0 &&[paramLastName length] == 0){

lastNameIsEqual = YES;

}else if ([lastName isEqualToString:paramLastName]){

lastNameIsEqual = YES;

}

if (firstNameIsEqual && lastNameIsEqual){

return YES;

}

}

return result;

}

// 查找通讯录中是否存在是某个分组

- (BOOL) doesGroupExistWithGroupName:(NSString *)paramGroupName inAddressBook:(ABAddressBookRef)paramAddressBook{

BOOL result = NO;

if (paramAddressBook == NULL){

NSLog(@"The address book is null.");

return NO;

}

NSArray *allGroups = [( NSArray *) ABAddressBookCopyArrayOfAllGroups(paramAddressBook) autorelease];

NSUInteger groupCounter = 0;

for (groupCounter = 0; groupCounter < [allGroups count];groupCounter++){

ABRecordRef group = ( ABRecordRef) [allGroups objectAtIndex:groupCounter];

NSString *groupName = [( NSString *) ABRecordCopyValue(group, kABGroupNameProperty) autorelease];

if ([groupName length] == 0 &&[paramGroupName length] == 0){

return YES;

}else if ([groupName isEqualToString:paramGroupName]){

return YES;

}

}

return result;

}

 

// 根据姓名，模糊查询

- (BOOL) doesPersonExistWithFullName:(NSString *)paramFullName inAddressBook:(ABAddressBookRef)paramAddressBook{

BOOL result = NO;

if (paramAddressBook == NULL){

NSLog(@"Address book is null.");

return NO;

}

NSArray *allPeopleWithThisName = [( NSArray *) ABAddressBookCopyPeopleWithName(paramAddressBook, (CFStringRef)paramFullName) autorelease];

if ([allPeopleWithThisName count] > 0){

result = YES;

}

return result;

}

 

八、设置和获得联系人图片信息

 

#pragma mark - 通讯录图片相关

// 获得联系人的头像

- (UIImage *) getPersonImage:(ABRecordRef)paramPerson{ UIImage *result = nil;

if (paramPerson == NULL){

NSLog(@"The person is nil.");

return NULL;

}

NSData *imageData = [( NSData *) ABPersonCopyImageData(paramPerson) autorelease];

if (imageData != nil){

UIImage *image = [UIImage imageWithData:imageData];

result = image;

}

return result;

}

// 设置联系人的头像

- (BOOL) setPersonImage:(ABRecordRef)paramPerson inAddressBook:(ABAddressBookRef)paramAddressBook withImageData:(NSData *)paramImageData{

BOOL result = NO;

if (paramAddressBook == NULL){

NSLog(@"The address book is nil.");

return NO;

}

if (paramPerson == NULL){

NSLog(@"The person is nil.");

return NO;

}

CFErrorRef couldSetPersonImageError = NULL;

BOOL couldSetPersonImage = ABPersonSetImageData(paramPerson,(CFDataRef)paramImageData, &couldSetPersonImageError);

if (couldSetPersonImage){

NSLog(@"Successfully set the person's image. Saving...");

if (ABAddressBookHasUnsavedChanges(paramAddressBook)){

BOOL couldSaveAddressBook = NO;

CFErrorRef couldSaveAddressBookError = NULL;

couldSaveAddressBook = ABAddressBookSave(paramAddressBook, &couldSaveAddressBookError);

if (couldSaveAddressBook){

NSLog(@"Successfully saved the address book.");

result = YES;

} else {

NSLog(@"Failed to save the address book.");

}

} else {

NSLog(@"There are no changes to be saved!"); }

} else {

NSLog(@"Failed to set the person's image.");

}

return result;

}

 

解释：

 

获得头像信息：ABPersonCopyImageData方法

设置头像信息：ABPersonSetImageData方法