Black And White(DFS+剪枝)

Black And White

Time Limit: 2000/2000 MS (Java/Others)    Memory Limit: 512000/512000 K (Java/Others)
Total Submission(s): 3937    Accepted Submission(s): 1082
Special Judge

Problem Description

In mathematics, the four color theorem, or the four color map theorem, states that, given any separation of a plane into contiguous regions, producing a figure called a map, no more than four colors are required to color the regions of the map so that no two adjacent regions have the same color.
— Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

In this problem, you have to solve the 4-color problem. Hey, I’m just joking.

You are asked to solve a similar problem:

Color an N × M chessboard with K colors numbered from 1 to K such that no two adjacent cells have the same color (two cells are adjacent if they share an edge). The i-th color should be used in exactly c_i cells.

Matt hopes you can tell him a possible coloring.

 

Input

The first line contains only one integer T (1 ≤ T ≤ 5000), which indicates the number of test cases.

For each test case, the first line contains three integers: N, M, K (0 < N, M ≤ 5, 0 < K ≤ N × M ).

The second line contains K integers c_i (c_i > 0), denoting the number of cells where the i-th color should be used.

It’s guaranteed that c₁ + c₂ + · · · + c_K = N × M .

 

Output

For each test case, the first line contains “Case #x:”, where x is the case number (starting from 1).

In the second line, output “NO” if there is no coloring satisfying the requirements. Otherwise, output “YES” in one line. Each of the following N lines contains M numbers seperated by single whitespace, denoting the color of the cells.

If there are multiple solutions, output any of them.

 

Sample Input

4

1 5 2

4 1

3 3 4

1 2 2 4

2 3 3

2 2 2

3 2 3

2 2 2

Sample Output

Case #1:

NO

Case #2:

YES

4 3 4

2 1 2

4 3 4

Case #3:

YES

1 2 3

2 3 1

Case #4:

YES

1 2

2 3

3 1

 

Source

2014ACM/ICPC亚洲区北京站-重现赛（感谢北师和上交）

 

//题意:第一行一个 T ，然后3个整数 n,m,k 代表有个 n 行 m 列的矩阵，k 代表有k种颜色，然后是 k 种颜色分别有多少个

要用这些颜色涂满矩阵，相邻颜色不能相同，问能否填出

 

DFS+剪枝，剪枝就是，如果有一种颜色比剩下的格子+1的一半还多的话，就 return

 #include <iostream>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <string.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <math.h>
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <map>
 #include <stack>
 #include <queue>
 #include <set>
 #include <vector>
 using namespace std;
 #define LL long long
 #define PI acos(-1.0)
 #define lowbit(x) (x&(-x))
 #define INF 0x7f7f7f7f      // 21 E
 #define MEM 0x7f            // memset 都变为 INF
 #define MOD 4999            // 模
 #define eps 1e-9            // 精度
 #define MX  10         // 数据范围
 
 int read() {    //输入外挂
     int res = , flag = ;
     char ch;
     if((ch = getchar()) == '-') flag = ;
     else if(ch >= '' && ch <= '') res = ch - '';
     while((ch = getchar()) >= '' && ch <= '') res = res *  + (ch - '');
     return flag ? -res : res;
 }
 // code... ...
 int n,m,k;
 int ok;
 int color[MX*MX];
 int num[MX][MX];
 
 void dfs(int x,int y)
 {
     if (x>n) ok=;
     for (int i=;i<=k;i++)
     {
         int remain = n*m-((x-)*m+y-)+;
         if (color[i]>remain/) return;
     }
     for (int i=;i<=k;i++)
     {
         if (color[i]>&&num[x-][y]!=i&&num[x][y-]!=i)
         {
             num[x][y]=i;
             color[i]--;
             if (y==m) dfs(x+,);
             else dfs(x,y+);
             color[i]++;
             if (ok) return;
         }
     }
 }
 
 int main()
 {
     int T=read();
     for (int cnt=;cnt<=T;cnt++)
     {
         n=read();m=read();k=read();
         for (int i=;i<=k;i++)
             color[i]=read();
         ok = ;
         memset(num,,sizeof(num));
         dfs(,);
         printf("Case #%d:\n",cnt);
         if (ok)
         {
             printf("YES\n");
             for (int i=;i<=n;i++)
             {
                 for (int j=;j<m;j++)
                     printf("%d ",num[i][j]);
                 printf("%d\n",num[i][m]);
             }
         }
         else printf("NO\n");
     }
     return ;
 }