NSStirng、NSArray、以及枚举(Method小集合)
Object-c代码
- /*******************************************************************************************
- NSString
- *******************************************************************************************/
- //一、NSString
- /*----------------创建字符串的方法----------------*/
- //1、创建常量字符串。
- NSString *astring = @"This is a String!";
- //2、创建空字符串,给予赋值。
- NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] init];
- astring = @"This is a String!";
- [astring release];
- NSLog(@"astring:%@",astring);
- //3、在以上方法中,提升速度:initWithString方法
- NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] initWithString:@"This is a String!"];
- NSLog(@"astring:%@",astring);
- [astring release];
- //4、用标准c创建字符串:initWithCString方法
- char *Cstring = "This is a String!";
- NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] initWithCString:Cstring];
- NSLog(@"astring:%@",astring);
- [astring release];
- //5、创建格式化字符串:占位符(由一个%加一个字符组成)
- int i = 1;
- int j = 2;
- NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] initWithString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d.This is %i string!",i,j]];
- NSLog(@"astring:%@",astring);
- [astring release];
- //6、创建临时字符串
- NSString *astring;
- astring = [NSString stringWithCString:"This is a temporary string"];
- NSLog(@"astring:%@",astring);
- /*----------------从文件读取字符串:initWithContentsOfFile方法----------------*/
- NSString *path = @"astring.text";
- NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] initWithContentsOfFile:path];
- NSLog(@"astring:%@",astring);
- [astring release];
- /*----------------写字符串到文件:writeToFile方法----------------*/
- NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] initWithString:@"This is a String!"];
- NSLog(@"astring:%@",astring);
- NSString *path = @"astring.text";
- [astring writeToFile: path atomically: YES];
- [astring release];
- /*----------------比较两个字符串----------------*/
- //用C比较:strcmp函数
- char string1[] = "string!";
- char string2[] = "string!";
- if(strcmp(string1, string2) = = 0)
- {
- NSLog(@"1");
- }
- //isEqualToString方法
- NSString *astring01 = @"This is a String!";
- NSString *astring02 = @"This is a String!";
- BOOL result = [astring01 isEqualToString:astring02];
- NSLog(@"result:%d",result);
- //compare方法(comparer返回的三种值)
- NSString *astring01 = @"This is a String!";
- NSString *astring02 = @"This is a String!";
- BOOL result = [astring01 compare:astring02] = = NSOrderedSame;
- NSLog(@"result:%d",result);
- //NSOrderedSame判断两者内容是否相同
- NSString *astring01 = @"This is a String!";
- NSString *astring02 = @"this is a String!";
- BOOL result = [astring01 compare:astring02] = = NSOrderedAscending;
- NSLog(@"result:%d",result);
- //NSOrderedAscending判断两对象值的大小(按字母顺序进行比较,astring02大于astring01为真)
- NSString *astring01 = @"this is a String!";
- NSString *astring02 = @"This is a String!";
- BOOL result = [astring01 compare:astring02] = = NSOrderedDescending;
- NSLog(@"result:%d",result);
- //NSOrderedDescending判断两对象值的大小(按字母顺序进行比较,astring02小于astring01为真)
- //不考虑大小写比较字符串1
- NSString *astring01 = @"this is a String!";
- NSString *astring02 = @"This is a String!";
- BOOL result = [astring01 caseInsensitiveCompare:astring02] = = NSOrderedSame;
- NSLog(@"result:%d",result);
- //NSOrderedDescending判断两对象值的大小(按字母顺序进行比较,astring02小于astring01为真)
- //不考虑大小写比较字符串2
- NSString *astring01 = @"this is a String!";
- NSString *astring02 = @"This is a String!";
- BOOL result = [astring01 compare:astring02
- options:NSCaseInsensitiveSearch | NSNumericSearch] = = NSOrderedSame;
- NSLog(@"result:%d",result);
- //NSCaseInsensitiveSearch:不区分大小写比较 NSLiteralSearch:进行完全比较,区分大小写 NSNumericSearch:比较字符串的字符个数,而不是字符值。
- /*----------------改变字符串的大小写----------------*/
- NSString *string1 = @"A String";
- NSString *string2 = @"String";
- NSLog(@"string1:%@",[string1 uppercaseString]);//大写
- NSLog(@"string2:%@",[string2 lowercaseString]);//小写
- NSLog(@"string2:%@",[string2 capitalizedString]);//首字母大小
- /*----------------在串中搜索子串----------------*/
- NSString *string1 = @"This is a string";
- NSString *string2 = @"string";
- NSRange range = [string1 rangeOfString:string2];
- int location = range.location;
- int leight = range.length;
- NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] initWithString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"Location:%i,Leight:%i",location,leight]];
- NSLog(@"astring:%@",astring);
- [astring release];
- /*----------------抽取子串 ----------------*/
- //-substringToIndex: 从字符串的开头一直截取到指定的位置,但不包括该位置的字符
- NSString *string1 = @"This is a string";
- NSString *string2 = [string1 substringToIndex:3];
- NSLog(@"string2:%@",string2);
- //-substringFromIndex: 以指定位置开始(包括指定位置的字符),并包括之后的全部字符
- NSString *string1 = @"This is a string";
- NSString *string2 = [string1 substringFromIndex:3];
- NSLog(@"string2:%@",string2);
- //-substringWithRange: //按照所给出的位置,长度,任意地从字符串中截取子串
- NSString *string1 = @"This is a string";
- NSString *string2 = [string1 substringWithRange:NSMakeRange(0, 4)];
- NSLog(@"string2:%@",string2);
- //扩展路径
- NSString *Path = @"~/NSData.txt";
- NSString *absolutePath = [Path stringByExpandingTildeInPath];
- NSLog(@"absolutePath:%@",absolutePath);
- NSLog(@"Path:%@",[absolutePath stringByAbbreviatingWithTildeInPath]);
- //文件扩展名
- NSString *Path = @"~/NSData.txt";
- NSLog(@"Extension:%@",[Path pathExtension]);
- /*******************************************************************************************
- NSMutableString
- *******************************************************************************************/
- /*---------------给字符串分配容量----------------*/
- //stringWithCapacity:
- NSMutableString *String;
- String = [NSMutableString stringWithCapacity:40];
- /*---------------在已有字符串后面添加字符----------------*/
- //appendString: and appendFormat:
- NSMutableString *String1 = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithString:@"This is a NSMutableString"];
- //[String1 appendString:@", I will be adding some character"];
- [String1 appendFormat:[NSString stringWithFormat:@", I will be adding some character"]];
- NSLog(@"String1:%@",String1);
- */
- /*--------在已有字符串中按照所给出范围和长度删除字符------*/
- /*
- //deleteCharactersInRange:
- NSMutableString *String1 = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithString:@"This is a NSMutableString"];
- [String1 deleteCharactersInRange:NSMakeRange(0, 5)];
- NSLog(@"String1:%@",String1);
- /*--------在已有字符串后面在所指定的位置中插入给出的字符串------*/
- //-insertString: atIndex:
- NSMutableString *String1 = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithString:@"This is a NSMutableString"];
- [String1 insertString:@"Hi! " atIndex:0];
- NSLog(@"String1:%@",String1);
- /*--------将已有的空符串换成其它的字符串------*/
- //-setString:
- NSMutableString *String1 = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithString:@"This is a NSMutableString"];
- [String1 setString:@"Hello Word!"];
- NSLog(@"String1:%@",String1);
- /*--------按照所给出的范围,和字符串替换的原有的字符------*/
- //-setString:
- NSMutableString *String1 = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithString:@"This is a NSMutableString"];
- [String1 replaceCharactersInRange:NSMakeRange(0, 4) withString:@"That"];
- NSLog(@"String1:%@",String1);
- /*-------------判断字符串内是否还包含别的字符串(前缀,后缀)-------------*/
- //01:检查字符串是否以另一个字符串开头- (BOOL) hasPrefix: (NSString *) aString;
- NSString *String1 = @"NSStringInformation.txt";
- [String1 hasPrefix:@"NSString"] = = 1 ? NSLog(@"YES") : NSLog(@"NO");
- [String1 hasSuffix:@".txt"] = = 1 ? NSLog(@"YES") : NSLog(@"NO");
- //02:查找字符串某处是否包含其它字符串 - (NSRange) rangeOfString: (NSString *) aString,这一点前面在串中搜索子串用到过;
- /*******************************************************************************************
- NSArray
- *******************************************************************************************/
- /*---------------------------创建数组------------------------------*/
- //NSArray *array = [[NSArray alloc] initWithObjects:
- @"One",@"Two",@"Three",@"Four",nil];
- self.dataArray = array;
- [array release];
- //- (unsigned) Count;数组所包含对象个数;
- NSLog(@"self.dataArray cound:%d",[self.dataArray count]);
- //- (id) objectAtIndex: (unsigned int) index;获取指定索引处的对象;
- NSLog(@"self.dataArray cound 2:%@",[self.dataArray objectAtIndex:2]);
- /*--------------------------从一个数组拷贝数据到另一数组(可变数级)----------------------------*/
- //arrayWithArray:
- //NSArray *array1 = [[NSArray alloc] init];
- NSMutableArray *MutableArray = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];
- NSArray *array = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:
- @"a",@"b",@"c",nil];
- NSLog(@"array:%@",array);
- MutableArray = [NSMutableArray arrayWithArray:array];
- NSLog(@"MutableArray:%@",MutableArray);
- array1 = [NSArray arrayWithArray:array];
- NSLog(@"array1:%@",array1);
- //Copy
- //id obj;
- NSMutableArray *newArray = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];
- NSArray *oldArray = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:
- @"a",@"b",@"c",@"d",@"e",@"f",@"g",@"h",nil];
- NSLog(@"oldArray:%@",oldArray);
- for(int i = 0; i < [oldArray count]; i++)
- {
- obj = [[oldArray objectAtIndex:i] copy];
- [newArray addObject: obj];
- }
- //
- NSLog(@"newArray:%@", newArray);
- [newArray release];
- //快速枚举
- //NSMutableArray *newArray = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];
- NSArray *oldArray = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:
- @"a",@"b",@"c",@"d",@"e",@"f",@"g",@"h",nil];
- NSLog(@"oldArray:%@",oldArray);
- for(id obj in oldArray)
- {
- [newArray addObject: obj];
- }
- //
- NSLog(@"newArray:%@", newArray);
- [newArray release];
- //Deep copy
- //NSMutableArray *newArray = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];
- NSArray *oldArray = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:
- @"a",@"b",@"c",@"d",@"e",@"f",@"g",@"h",nil];
- NSLog(@"oldArray:%@",oldArray);
- newArray = (NSMutableArray*)CFPropertyListCreateDeepCopy(kCFAllocatorDefault, (CFPropertyListRef)oldArray, kCFPropertyListMutableContainers);
- NSLog(@"newArray:%@", newArray);
- [newArray release];
- //Copy and sort
- //NSMutableArray *newArray = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];
- NSArray *oldArray = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:
- @"b",@"a",@"e",@"d",@"c",@"f",@"h",@"g",nil];
- NSLog(@"oldArray:%@",oldArray);
- NSEnumerator *enumerator;
- enumerator = [oldArray objectEnumerator];
- id obj;
- while(obj = [enumerator nextObject])
- {
- [newArray addObject: obj];
- }
- [newArray sortUsingSelector:@selector(compare:)];
- NSLog(@"newArray:%@", newArray);
- [newArray release];
- /*---------------------------切分数组------------------------------*/
- //从字符串分割到数组- componentsSeparatedByString:
- NSString *string = [[NSString alloc] initWithString:@"One,Two,Three,Four"];
- NSLog(@"string:%@",string);
- NSArray *array = [string componentsSeparatedByString:@","];
- NSLog(@"array:%@",array);
- [string release];
- //从数组合并元素到字符串- componentsJoinedByString:
- NSArray *array = [[NSArray alloc] initWithObjects:@"One",@"Two",@"Three",@"Four",nil];
- NSString *string = [array componentsJoinedByString:@","];
- NSLog(@"string:%@",string);
- /*******************************************************************************************
- NSMutableArray
- *******************************************************************************************/
- /*---------------给数组分配容量----------------*/
- //NSArray *array;
- array = [NSMutableArray arrayWithCapacity:20];
- /*--------------在数组末尾添加对象----------------*/
- //- (void) addObject: (id) anObject;
- //NSMutableArray *array = [NSMutableArray arrayWithObjects:
- @"One",@"Two",@"Three",nil];
- [array addObject:@"Four"];
- NSLog(@"array:%@",array);
- /*--------------删除数组中指定索引处对象----------------*/
- //-(void) removeObjectAtIndex: (unsigned) index;
- //NSMutableArray *array = [NSMutableArray arrayWithObjects:
- @"One",@"Two",@"Three",nil];
- [array removeObjectAtIndex:1];
- NSLog(@"array:%@",array);
- /*-------------数组枚举---------------*/
- //- (NSEnumerator *)objectEnumerator;从前向后
- //NSMutableArray *array = [NSMutableArray arrayWithObjects:
- @"One",@"Two",@"Three",nil];
- NSEnumerator *enumerator;
- enumerator = [array objectEnumerator];
- id thingie;
- while (thingie = [enumerator nextObject]) {
- NSLog(@"thingie:%@",thingie);
- }
- //- (NSEnumerator *)reverseObjectEnumerator;从后向前
- //NSMutableArray *array = [NSMutableArray arrayWithObjects:
- @"One",@"Two",@"Three",nil];
- NSEnumerator *enumerator;
- enumerator = [array reverseObjectEnumerator];
- id object;
- while (object = [enumerator nextObject]) {
- NSLog(@"object:%@",object);
- }
- //快速枚举
- //NSMutableArray *array = [NSMutableArray arrayWithObjects:
- @"One",@"Two",@"Three",nil];
- for(NSString *string in array)
- {
- NSLog(@"string:%@",string);
- }
- /*******************************************************************************************
- NSDictionary
- *******************************************************************************************/
- /*------------------------------------创建字典------------------------------------*/
- //- (id) initWithObjectsAndKeys;
- //NSDictionary *dictionary = [[NSDictionary alloc] initWithObjectsAndKeys:@"One",@"1",@"Two",@"2",@"Three",@"3",nil];
- NSString *string = [dictionary objectForKey:@"One"];
- NSLog(@"string:%@",string);
- NSLog(@"dictionary:%@",dictionary);
- [dictionary release];
- /*******************************************************************************************
- NSMutableDictionary
- *******************************************************************************************/
- /*------------------------------------创建可变字典------------------------------------*/
- //创建
- NSMutableDictionary *dictionary = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary];
- //添加字典
- [dictionary setObject:@"One" forKey:@"1"];
- [dictionary setObject:@"Two" forKey:@"2"];
- [dictionary setObject:@"Three" forKey:@"3"];
- [dictionary setObject:@"Four" forKey:@"4"];
- NSLog(@"dictionary:%@",dictionary);
- //删除指定的字典
- [dictionary removeObjectForKey:@"3"];
- NSLog(@"dictionary:%@",dictionary);
- /*******************************************************************************************
- NSValue(对任何对象进行包装)
- *******************************************************************************************/
- /*--------------------------------将NSRect放入NSArray中------------------------------------*/
- //将NSRect放入NSArray中
- NSMutableArray *array = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];
- NSValue *value;
- CGRect rect = CGRectMake(0, 0, 320, 480);
- value = [NSValue valueWithBytes:&rect objCType:@encode(CGRect)];
- [array addObject:value];
- NSLog(@"array:%@",array);
- //从Array中提取
- value = [array objectAtIndex:0];
- [value getValue:&rect];
- NSLog(@"value:%@",value);
- /*******************************************************************************************
- 从目录搜索扩展名为jpg的文件
- *******************************************************************************************/
- //NSFileManager *fileManager = [NSFileManager defaultManager];
- NSString *home;
- home = @"../Users/";
- NSDirectoryEnumerator *direnum;
- direnum = [fileManager enumeratorAtPath: home];
- NSMutableArray *files = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];
- //枚举
- NSString *filename;
- while (filename = [direnum nextObject]) {
- if([[filename pathExtension] hasSuffix:@"jpg"]){
- [files addObject:filename];
- }
- }
- //快速枚举
- //for(NSString *filename in direnum)
- //{
- // if([[filename pathExtension] isEqualToString:@"jpg"]){
- // [files addObject:filename];
- // }
- //}
- NSLog(@"files:%@",files);
- //枚举
- NSEnumerator *filenum;
- filenum = [files objectEnumerator];
- while (filename = [filenum nextObject]) {
- NSLog(@"filename:%@",filename);
- }
- //快速枚举
- //for(id object in files)
- //{
- // NSLog(@"object:%@",object);
- //}
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