mysql什么情况下会触发表锁
锁是计算机协调多个进程或线程并发访问某一资源的机制。在数据库中,除传统的计算资源(如CPU、RAM、I/O等)的争用以外,数据也是一种供许多用户共享的资源。如何保证数据并发访问的一致性、有效性是所有数据库必须解决的一个问题,锁冲突也是影响数据库并发访问性能的一个重要因素。从这个角度来说,锁对数据库而言显得尤其重要,也更加复杂。本章我们着重讨论MySQL锁机制的特点,常见的锁问题,以及解决MySQL锁问题的一些方法或建议。
查询表级锁争用情况
MySQL表级锁的锁模式
请求锁模式
是否兼容
当前锁模式
|
None
|
读锁
|
写锁
|
读锁
|
是
|
是
|
否
|
写锁
|
是
|
否
|
否
|
session_1
|
session_2
|
获得表film_text的WRITE锁定
mysql> lock table film_text write;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
|
|
当前session对锁定表的查询、更新、插入操作都可以执行:
mysql> select film_id,title from film_text where film_id = 1001;
+---------+-------------+
| film_id | title |
+---------+-------------+
| 1001 | Update Test |
+---------+-------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> insert into film_text (film_id,title) values(1003,'Test');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> update film_text set title = 'Test' where film_id = 1001;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
|
其他session对锁定表的查询被阻塞,需要等待锁被释放:
mysql> select film_id,title from film_text where film_id = 1001;
等待
|
释放锁:
mysql> unlock tables;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
|
等待
|
Session2获得锁,查询返回:
mysql> select film_id,title from film_text where film_id = 1001;
+---------+-------+
| film_id | title |
+---------+-------+
| 1001 | Test |
+---------+-------+
1 row in set (57.59 sec)
|
如何加表锁
session_1
|
session_2
|
获得表film_text的READ锁定
mysql> lock table film_text read;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
|
|
当前session可以查询该表记录
mysql> select film_id,title from film_text where film_id = 1001;
+---------+------------------+
| film_id | title |
+---------+------------------+
| 1001 | ACADEMY DINOSAUR |
+---------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
|
其他session也可以查询该表的记录
mysql> select film_id,title from film_text where film_id = 1001;
+---------+------------------+
| film_id | title |
+---------+------------------+
| 1001 | ACADEMY DINOSAUR |
+---------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
|
当前session不能查询没有锁定的表
mysql> select film_id,title from film where film_id = 1001;
ERROR 1100 (HY000): Table 'film' was not locked with LOCK TABLES
|
其他session可以查询或者更新未锁定的表
mysql> select film_id,title from film where film_id = 1001;
+---------+---------------+
| film_id | title |
+---------+---------------+
| 1001 | update record |
+---------+---------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> update film set title = 'Test' where film_id = 1001;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.04 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
|
当前session中插入或者更新锁定的表都会提示错误:
mysql> insert into film_text (film_id,title) values(1002,'Test');
ERROR 1099 (HY000): Table 'film_text' was locked with a READ lock and can't be updated
mysql> update film_text set title = 'Test' where film_id = 1001;
ERROR 1099 (HY000): Table 'film_text' was locked with a READ lock and can't be updated
|
其他session更新锁定表会等待获得锁:
mysql> update film_text set title = 'Test' where film_id = 1001;
等待
|
释放锁
mysql> unlock tables;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
|
等待
|
Session获得锁,更新操作完成:
mysql> update film_text set title = 'Test' where film_id = 1001;
Query OK, 1 row affected (1 min 0.71 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
|
并发插入(Concurrent Inserts)
session_1
|
session_2
|
获得表film_text的READ LOCAL锁定
mysql> lock table film_text read local;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
|
|
当前session不能对锁定表进行更新或者插入操作:
mysql> insert into film_text (film_id,title) values(1002,'Test');
ERROR 1099 (HY000): Table 'film_text' was locked with a READ lock and can't be updated
mysql> update film_text set title = 'Test' where film_id = 1001;
ERROR 1099 (HY000): Table 'film_text' was locked with a READ lock and can't be updated
|
其他session可以进行插入操作,但是更新会等待:
mysql> insert into film_text (film_id,title) values(1002,'Test');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> update film_text set title = 'Update Test' where film_id = 1001;
等待
|
当前session不能访问其他session插入的记录:
mysql> select film_id,title from film_text where film_id = 1002;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
|
|
释放锁:
mysql> unlock tables;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
|
等待
|
当前session解锁后可以获得其他session插入的记录:
mysql> select film_id,title from film_text where film_id = 1002;
+---------+-------+
| film_id | title |
+---------+-------+
| 1002 | Test |
+---------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
|
Session2获得锁,更新操作完成:
mysql> update film_text set title = 'Update Test' where film_id = 1001;
Query OK, 1 row affected (1 min 17.75 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
|
MyISAM的锁调度
背景知识
1.事务(Transaction)及其ACID属性
2.并发事务处理带来的问题
3.事务隔离级别
读数据一致性及允许的并发副作用
隔离级别
|
读数据一致性
|
脏读
|
不可重复读
|
幻读
|
未提交读(Read uncommitted)
|
最低级别,只能保证不读取物理上损坏的数据
|
是
|
是
|
是
|
已提交度(Read committed)
|
语句级
|
否
|
是
|
是
|
可重复读(Repeatable read)
|
事务级
|
否
|
否
|
是
|
可序列化(Serializable)
|
最高级别,事务级
|
否
|
否
|
否
|
获取InnoDB行锁争用情况
InnoDB的行锁模式及加锁方法
请求锁模式
是否兼容
当前锁模式
|
X
|
IX
|
S
|
IS
|
X
|
冲突
|
冲突
|
冲突
|
冲突
|
IX
|
冲突
|
兼容
|
冲突
|
兼容
|
S
|
冲突
|
冲突
|
兼容
|
兼容
|
IS
|
冲突
|
兼容
|
兼容
|
兼容
|
session_1
|
session_2
|
mysql> set autocommit = 0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select actor_id,first_name,last_name from actor where actor_id = 178;
+----------+------------+-----------+
| actor_id | first_name | last_name |
+----------+------------+-----------+
| 178 | LISA | MONROE |
+----------+------------+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
|
mysql> set autocommit = 0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select actor_id,first_name,last_name from actor where actor_id = 178;
+----------+------------+-----------+
| actor_id | first_name | last_name |
+----------+------------+-----------+
| 178 | LISA | MONROE |
+----------+------------+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
|
当前session对actor_id=178的记录加share mode 的共享锁:
mysql> select actor_id,first_name,last_name from actor where actor_id = 178lock in share mode;
+----------+------------+-----------+
| actor_id | first_name | last_name |
+----------+------------+-----------+
| 178 | LISA | MONROE |
+----------+------------+-----------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
|
|
其他session仍然可以查询记录,并也可以对该记录加share mode的共享锁:
mysql> select actor_id,first_name,last_name from actor where actor_id = 178lock in share mode;
+----------+------------+-----------+
| actor_id | first_name | last_name |
+----------+------------+-----------+
| 178 | LISA | MONROE |
+----------+------------+-----------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
|
|
当前session对锁定的记录进行更新操作,等待锁:
mysql> update actor set last_name = 'MONROE T' where actor_id = 178;
等待
|
|
其他session也对该记录进行更新操作,则会导致死锁退出:
mysql> update actor set last_name = 'MONROE T' where actor_id = 178;
ERROR 1213 (40001): Deadlock found when trying to get lock; try restarting transaction
|
|
获得锁后,可以成功更新:
mysql> update actor set last_name = 'MONROE T' where actor_id = 178;
Query OK, 1 row affected (17.67 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
|
session_1
|
session_2
|
mysql> set autocommit = 0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select actor_id,first_name,last_name from actor where actor_id = 178;
+----------+------------+-----------+
| actor_id | first_name | last_name |
+----------+------------+-----------+
| 178 | LISA | MONROE |
+----------+------------+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
|
mysql> set autocommit = 0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select actor_id,first_name,last_name from actor where actor_id = 178;
+----------+------------+-----------+
| actor_id | first_name | last_name |
+----------+------------+-----------+
| 178 | LISA | MONROE |
+----------+------------+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
|
当前session对actor_id=178的记录加for update的排它锁:
mysql> select actor_id,first_name,last_name from actor where actor_id = 178 for update;
+----------+------------+-----------+
| actor_id | first_name | last_name |
+----------+------------+-----------+
| 178 | LISA | MONROE |
+----------+------------+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
|
|
其他session可以查询该记录,但是不能对该记录加共享锁,会等待获得锁:
mysql> select actor_id,first_name,last_name from actor where actor_id = 178;
+----------+------------+-----------+
| actor_id | first_name | last_name |
+----------+------------+-----------+
| 178 | LISA | MONROE |
+----------+------------+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select actor_id,first_name,last_name from actor where actor_id = 178 for update;
等待
|
|
当前session可以对锁定的记录进行更新操作,更新后释放锁:
mysql> update actor set last_name = 'MONROE T' where actor_id = 178;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
mysql> commit;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
|
|
其他session获得锁,得到其他session提交的记录:
mysql> select actor_id,first_name,last_name from actor where actor_id = 178 for update;
+----------+------------+-----------+
| actor_id | first_name | last_name |
+----------+------------+-----------+
| 178 | LISA | MONROE T |
+----------+------------+-----------+
1 row in set (9.59 sec)
|
InnoDB行锁实现方式
session_1
|
session_2
|
mysql> set autocommit=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from tab_no_index where id = 1 ;
+------+------+
| id | name |
+------+------+
| 1 | 1 |
+------+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
|
mysql> set autocommit=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from tab_no_index where id = 2 ;
+------+------+
| id | name |
+------+------+
| 2 | 2 |
+------+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
|
mysql> select * from tab_no_index where id = 1 for update;
+------+------+
| id | name |
+------+------+
| 1 | 1 |
+------+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
|
|
mysql> select * from tab_no_index where id = 2 for update;
等待
|
session_1
|
session_2
|
mysql> set autocommit=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from tab_with_index where id = 1 ;
+------+------+
| id | name |
+------+------+
| 1 | 1 |
+------+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
|
mysql> set autocommit=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from tab_with_index where id = 2 ;
+------+------+
| id | name |
+------+------+
| 2 | 2 |
+------+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
|
mysql> select * from tab_with_index where id = 1 for update;
+------+------+
| id | name |
+------+------+
| 1 | 1 |
+------+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
|
|
mysql> select * from tab_with_index where id = 2 for update;
+------+------+
| id | name |
+------+------+
| 2 | 2 |
+------+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
|
session_1
|
session_2
|
mysql> set autocommit=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
|
mysql> set autocommit=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
|
mysql> select * from tab_with_index where id = 1 and name = '1' for update;
+------+------+
| id | name |
+------+------+
| 1 | 1 |
+------+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
|
|
虽然session_2访问的是和session_1不同的记录,但是因为使用了相同的索引,所以需要等待锁:
mysql> select * from tab_with_index where id = 1 and name = '4' for update;
等待
|
session_1
|
session_2
|
mysql> set autocommit=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
|
mysql> set autocommit=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
|
mysql> select * from tab_with_index where id = 1 for update;
+------+------+
| id | name |
+------+------+
| 1 | 1 |
| 1 | 4 |
+------+------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
|
|
Session_2使用name的索引访问记录,因为记录没有被索引,所以可以获得锁:
mysql> select * from tab_with_index where name = '2' for update;
+------+------+
| id | name |
+------+------+
| 2 | 2 |
+------+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
|
|
由于访问的记录已经被session_1锁定,所以等待获得锁。:
mysql> select * from tab_with_index where name = '4' for update;
|
间隙锁(Next-Key锁)
session_1
|
session_2
|
mysql> select @@tx_isolation;
+-----------------+
| @@tx_isolation |
+-----------------+
| REPEATABLE-READ |
+-----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> set autocommit = 0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
|
mysql> select @@tx_isolation;
+-----------------+
| @@tx_isolation |
+-----------------+
| REPEATABLE-READ |
+-----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> set autocommit = 0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
|
当前session对不存在的记录加for update的锁:
mysql> select * from emp where empid = 102 for update;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
|
|
这时,如果其他session插入empid为102的记录(注意:这条记录并不存在),也会出现锁等待:
mysql>insert into emp(empid,...) values(102,...);
阻塞等待
|
|
Session_1 执行rollback:
mysql> rollback;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (13.04 sec)
|
|
由于其他session_1回退后释放了Next-Key锁,当前session可以获得锁并成功插入记录:
mysql>insert into emp(empid,...) values(102,...);
Query OK, 1 row affected (13.35 sec)
|
恢复和复制的需要,对InnoDB锁机制的影响
session_1
|
session_2
|
mysql> set autocommit = 0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from target_tab;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from source_tab where name = '1';
+----+------+----+
| d1 | name | d2 |
+----+------+----+
| 4 | 1 | 1 |
| 5 | 1 | 1 |
| 6 | 1 | 1 |
| 7 | 1 | 1 |
| 8 | 1 | 1 |
+----+------+----+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
|
mysql> set autocommit = 0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from target_tab;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from source_tab where name = '1';
+----+------+----+
| d1 | name | d2 |
+----+------+----+
| 4 | 1 | 1 |
| 5 | 1 | 1 |
| 6 | 1 | 1 |
| 7 | 1 | 1 |
| 8 | 1 | 1 |
+----+------+----+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
|
mysql> insert into target_tab select d1,name from source_tab where name = '1';
Query OK, 5 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 5 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
|
|
mysql> update source_tab set name = '1' where name = '8';
等待
|
|
commit;
|
|
返回结果
commit;
|
session_1
|
session_2
|
mysql> set autocommit = 0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>set innodb_locks_unsafe_for_binlog='on'
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from target_tab;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from source_tab where name = '1';
+----+------+----+
| d1 | name | d2 |
+----+------+----+
| 4 | 1 | 1 |
| 5 | 1 | 1 |
| 6 | 1 | 1 |
| 7 | 1 | 1 |
| 8 | 1 | 1 |
+----+------+----+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
|
mysql> set autocommit = 0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from target_tab;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from source_tab where name = '1';
+----+------+----+
| d1 | name | d2 |
+----+------+----+
| 4 | 1 | 1 |
| 5 | 1 | 1 |
| 6 | 1 | 1 |
| 7 | 1 | 1 |
| 8 | 1 | 1 |
+----+------+----+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
|
mysql> insert into target_tab select d1,name from source_tab where name = '1';
Query OK, 5 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 5 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
|
|
session_1未提交,可以对session_1的select的记录进行更新操作。
mysql> update source_tab set name = '8' where name = '1';
Query OK, 5 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 5 Changed: 5 Warnings: 0
mysql> select * from source_tab where name = '8';
+----+------+----+
| d1 | name | d2 |
+----+------+----+
| 4 | 8 | 1 |
| 5 | 8 | 1 |
| 6 | 8 | 1 |
| 7 | 8 | 1 |
| 8 | 8 | 1 |
+----+------+----+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
|
|
更新操作先提交
mysql> commit;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)
|
|
插入操作后提交
mysql> commit;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.07 sec)
|
|
此时查看数据,target_tab中可以插入source_tab更新前的结果,这符合应用逻辑:
mysql> select * from source_tab where name = '8';
+----+------+----+
| d1 | name | d2 |
+----+------+----+
| 4 | 8 | 1 |
| 5 | 8 | 1 |
| 6 | 8 | 1 |
| 7 | 8 | 1 |
| 8 | 8 | 1 |
+----+------+----+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from target_tab;
+------+------+
| id | name |
+------+------+
| 4 | 1.00 |
| 5 | 1.00 |
| 6 | 1.00 |
| 7 | 1.00 |
| 8 | 1.00 |
+------+------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
|
mysql> select * from tt1 where name = '1';
Empty set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from source_tab where name = '8';
+----+------+----+
| d1 | name | d2 |
+----+------+----+
| 4 | 8 | 1 |
| 5 | 8 | 1 |
| 6 | 8 | 1 |
| 7 | 8 | 1 |
| 8 | 8 | 1 |
+----+------+----+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from target_tab;
+------+------+
| id | name |
+------+------+
| 4 | 1.00 |
| 5 | 1.00 |
| 6 | 1.00 |
| 7 | 1.00 |
| 8 | 1.00 |
+------+------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
|
InnoDB在不同隔离级别下的一致性读及锁的差异
隔离级别
一致性读和锁
SQL
|
Read Uncommited
|
Read Commited
|
Repeatable Read
|
Serializable
|
|
SQL
|
条件
|
||||
select
|
相等
|
None locks
|
Consisten read/None lock
|
Consisten read/None lock
|
Share locks
|
范围
|
None locks
|
Consisten read/None lock
|
Consisten read/None lock
|
Share Next-Key
|
|
update
|
相等
|
exclusive locks
|
exclusive locks
|
exclusive locks
|
Exclusive locks
|
范围
|
exclusive next-key
|
exclusive next-key
|
exclusive next-key
|
exclusive next-key
|
|
Insert
|
N/A
|
exclusive locks
|
exclusive locks
|
exclusive locks
|
exclusive locks
|
replace
|
无键冲突
|
exclusive locks
|
exclusive locks
|
exclusive locks
|
exclusive locks
|
键冲突
|
exclusive next-key
|
exclusive next-key
|
exclusive next-key
|
exclusive next-key
|
|
delete
|
相等
|
exclusive locks
|
exclusive locks
|
exclusive locks
|
exclusive locks
|
范围
|
exclusive next-key
|
exclusive next-key
|
exclusive next-key
|
exclusive next-key
|
|
Select ... from ... Lock in share mode
|
相等
|
Share locks
|
Share locks
|
Share locks
|
Share locks
|
范围
|
Share locks
|
Share locks
|
Share Next-Key
|
Share Next-Key
|
|
Select * from ... For update
|
相等
|
exclusive locks
|
exclusive locks
|
exclusive locks
|
exclusive locks
|
范围
|
exclusive locks
|
Share locks
|
exclusive next-key
|
exclusive next-key
|
|
Insert into ... Select ...
(指源表锁)
|
innodb_locks_unsafe_for_binlog=off
|
Share Next-Key
|
Share Next-Key
|
Share Next-Key
|
Share Next-Key
|
innodb_locks_unsafe_for_binlog=on
|
None locks
|
Consisten read/None lock
|
Consisten read/None lock
|
Share Next-Key
|
|
create table ... Select ...
(指源表锁)
|
innodb_locks_unsafe_for_binlog=off
|
Share Next-Key
|
Share Next-Key
|
Share Next-Key
|
Share Next-Key
|
innodb_locks_unsafe_for_binlog=on
|
None locks
|
Consisten read/None lock
|
Consisten read/None lock
|
Share Next-Key
|
什么时候使用表锁
关于死锁
session_1
|
session_2
|
mysql> set autocommit = 0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from table_1 where where id=1 for update;
...
做一些其他处理...
|
mysql> set autocommit = 0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from table_2 where id=1 for update;
...
|
select * from table_2 where id =1 for update;
因session_2已取得排他锁,等待
|
做一些其他处理...
|
mysql> select * from table_1 where where id=1 for update;
死锁
|
session_1
|
session_2
|
mysql> set autocommit=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
|
mysql> set autocommit=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
|
mysql> select first_name,last_name from actor where actor_id = 1 for update;
+------------+-----------+
| first_name | last_name |
+------------+-----------+
| PENELOPE | GUINESS |
+------------+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
|
|
mysql> insert into country (country_id,country) values(110,'Test');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
|
|
mysql> insert into country (country_id,country) values(110,'Test');
等待
|
|
mysql> select first_name,last_name from actor where actor_id = 1 for update;
+------------+-----------+
| first_name | last_name |
+------------+-----------+
| PENELOPE | GUINESS |
+------------+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
|
|
mysql> insert into country (country_id,country) values(110,'Test');
ERROR 1213 (40001): Deadlock found when trying to get lock; try restarting transaction
|
session_1
|
session_2
|
mysql> set autocommit=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
|
mysql> set autocommit=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
|
mysql> select first_name,last_name from actor where actor_id = 1 for update;
+------------+-----------+
| first_name | last_name |
+------------+-----------+
| PENELOPE | GUINESS |
+------------+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
|
|
mysql> select first_name,last_name from actor where actor_id = 3 for update;
+------------+-----------+
| first_name | last_name |
+------------+-----------+
| ED | CHASE |
+------------+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
|
|
mysql> select first_name,last_name from actor where actor_id = 3 for update;
等待
|
|
mysql> select first_name,last_name from actor where actor_id = 1 for update;
ERROR 1213 (40001): Deadlock found when trying to get lock; try restarting transaction
|
|
mysql> select first_name,last_name from actor where actor_id = 3 for update;
+------------+-----------+
| first_name | last_name |
+------------+-----------+
| ED | CHASE |
+------------+-----------+
1 row in set (4.71 sec)
|
session_1
|
session_2
|
mysql> select @@tx_isolation;
+-----------------+
| @@tx_isolation |
+-----------------+
| REPEATABLE-READ |
+-----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> set autocommit = 0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
|
mysql> select @@tx_isolation;
+-----------------+
| @@tx_isolation |
+-----------------+
| REPEATABLE-READ |
+-----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> set autocommit = 0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
|
当前session对不存在的记录加for update的锁:
mysql> select actor_id,first_name,last_name from actor where actor_id = 201 for update;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
|
|
其他session也可以对不存在的记录加for update的锁:
mysql> select actor_id,first_name,last_name from actor where actor_id = 201 for update;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
|
|
因为其他session也对该记录加了锁,所以当前的插入会等待:
mysql> insert into actor (actor_id , first_name , last_name) values(201,'Lisa','Tom');
等待
|
|
因为其他session已经对记录进行了更新,这时候再插入记录就会提示死锁并退出:
mysql> insert into actor (actor_id, first_name , last_name) values(201,'Lisa','Tom');
ERROR 1213 (40001): Deadlock found when trying to get lock; try restarting transaction
|
|
由于其他session已经退出,当前session可以获得锁并成功插入记录:
mysql> insert into actor (actor_id , first_name , last_name) values(201,'Lisa','Tom');
Query OK, 1 row affected (13.35 sec)
|
session_1
|
session_2
|
session_3
|
mysql> select @@tx_isolation;
+----------------+
| @@tx_isolation |
+----------------+
| READ-COMMITTED |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> set autocommit=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
|
mysql> select @@tx_isolation;
+----------------+
| @@tx_isolation |
+----------------+
| READ-COMMITTED |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> set autocommit=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
|
mysql> select @@tx_isolation;
+----------------+
| @@tx_isolation |
+----------------+
| READ-COMMITTED |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> set autocommit=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
|
Session_1获得for update的共享锁:
mysql> select actor_id, first_name,last_name from actor where actor_id = 201 for update;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
|
由于记录不存在,session_2也可以获得for update的共享锁:
mysql> select actor_id, first_name,last_name from actor where actor_id = 201 for update;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
|
|
Session_1可以成功插入记录:
mysql> insert into actor (actor_id,first_name,last_name) values(201,'Lisa','Tom');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
|
||
Session_2插入申请等待获得锁:
mysql> insert into actor (actor_id,first_name,last_name) values(201,'Lisa','Tom');
等待
|
||
Session_1成功提交:
mysql> commit;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)
|
||
Session_2获得锁,发现插入记录主键重,这个时候抛出了异常,但是并没有释放共享锁:
mysql> insert into actor (actor_id,first_name,last_name) values(201,'Lisa','Tom');
ERROR 1062 (23000): Duplicate entry '201' for key 'PRIMARY'
|
||
Session_3申请获得共享锁,因为session_2已经锁定该记录,所以session_3需要等待:
mysql> select actor_id, first_name,last_name from actor where actor_id = 201 for update;
等待
|
||
这个时候,如果session_2直接对记录进行更新操作,则会抛出死锁的异常:
mysql> update actor set last_name='Lan' where actor_id = 201;
ERROR 1213 (40001): Deadlock found when trying to get lock; try restarting transaction
|
||
Session_2释放锁后,session_3获得锁:
mysql> select first_name, last_name from actor where actor_id = 201 for update;
+------------+-----------+
| first_name | last_name |
+------------+-----------+
| Lisa | Tom |
+------------+-----------+
1 row in set (31.12 sec)
|
mysql什么情况下会触发表锁的更多相关文章
- java 哪些情况下会使对象锁释放
Java_多线程_锁释放 问:Java多线程运行环境中,在哪些情况下会使对象锁释放?答:由于等待一个锁的线程只有在获得这把锁之后,才能恢复运行,所以让持有锁的线程在不再需要锁的时候及时释放锁是很重要的 ...
- 在不重启MySQL的情况下用gdb工具设置变量
前提:此方法只是参考其它博客的一个记录,未经亲自验证 当在mysql客户端设置一些变量时提示如下报错: 于是想能否有办法在不重启的情况下设置这些只读变量,在网上搜索别人的博客后发现如下方法 1.命令行 ...
- 在不升级 mysql 的情况下直接使用 mysql utf8 存储 超过三个字节的 emoji 表情
由于现在数据库的版本是5.5.2,但是看网上说要直接存储emoji表情,需要升级到5.5.3然后把字符集设置为utf8mb4,但是升级数据库感觉属于敏感操作. 考虑了多久之后直接考虑使用正则来替换,但 ...
- mysql什么情况下使用索引
表的主关键字 自动建立唯一索引 如zl_yhjbqk(用户基本情况)中的hbs_bh(户标识编号) 表的字段唯一约束 ORACLE利用索引来保证数据的完整性 如lc_hj(流程环节)中的lc_bh+h ...
- mysql与redis在各种情况下性能对比
数据表结构 CREATE TABLE `jx_goods_test` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `goods_name` varchar(100) ...
- MySQL性能优化(七·上)-- 锁机制 之 表锁
前言 数据库的锁主要用来保证数据的一致性的.MyISAM存储引擎只支持表锁,InnoDB存储引擎既支持行锁,也支持表锁,但默认情况下是采用行锁. 一.锁分类 1.按照对数据操作的类型分:读锁,写锁 读 ...
- MySQL数据丢失情况分析
一.存储引擎层面丢失数据 由于在实际项目中,我们往往使用支持事务的InnoDB存储引擎.我们 ...
- .NET:遇到并发问题,什么样的情况下需要自动重试?
背景 多用户系统会出现并发问题,应对并发问题的两种方式是“悲观锁”和“乐观锁”,多数情况下都会采用“乐观锁”,这引发了一个问题,如果检查出乐观并发异常如何重试?是让最终用户手工重试?还是让系统自动重试 ...
- MySQL 在Docker下快速安装(Ubuntu 16.4)
采用dockerhub安装 docker run -p 3306:3306 --name mysql -v /mydata/mysql/log:/var/log/mysql -v /mydata/my ...
随机推荐
- 重写成员“MySql.Data.Entity.MySqlConnectionFactory.CreateConnection(System.String)”时违反了继承安全性规则。重写方法的安全可访问性必须与所重写方法的安全可访问性匹配。
1,程序中使用加载反射出现下面的问题: 无法加载一个或多个请求的类型.有关更多信息,请检索 LoaderExceptions 属性. 然后把代码改了一下, try { types.AddRange ...
- socket长连接 GCDAsyncSocket
基础: http://www.2cto.com/kf/201609/546974.html 转自: http://blog.csdn.net/u013282507/article/details/52 ...
- JavaWeb学习笔记(三)—— Servlet
一.Servlet概述 1.1 什么是Servlet Servlet是是sun公司提供一套规范(接口),是JavaWeb的三大组件之一(Servlet.Filter.Listener),它属于动态资源 ...
- python的下划线
首先是单下划线开头,这个被常用于模块中,在一个模块中以单下划线开头的变量和函数被默认当作内部函数,如果使用 from a_module import * 导入时,这部分变量和函数不会被导入.不过值得注 ...
- java中的线程(2):如何正确停止线程之3种常见停止方式
1.常见停止方式 自定义线程,其中含退出标志位,在run中判断它. 使用interrupt()方法中断线程 使用stop方法暴力终止(已经弃用) 2.使用标志位 class TestThread ex ...
- 正则提取字符串IP地址,返回IP列表
public class Main { public static void main(String args[]) { String str = "10.11.90.1 asedfa 1. ...
- http请求报头和响应报头(1)
1.web端不可避免的http缓存机制,要理解缓存机制,先来了解下http的请求报文和响应报文的内容 2.请求报文 2.1请求行 请求行三部分组成:请求方法.URL以及版本协议 请求的方法有G ...
- white-space中 pre pre-line pre-wrap的区别
css3为white-space新增了2个非常高冷的值:pre-line与pre-wrap. 现在我们来看一下它们与pre之间的区别呢? pre:会保留空格,但我想它与pre-line/pre-wra ...
- 问题1-xshell远程连接不上linux主机
在其他主机上搭建linux系统,我们一般通过xshell工具去远程访问该主机,这样不仅可以方便我们的对系统或者集群进行管理也方便了我们的操作,但是在搭建好环境的时候遇到如下问题: 解决方案:1.关闭目 ...
- SecureCRT 连接 CentOS虚拟机
SecureCRT 连接 CentOS虚拟机 1.安装SecureCRT SecureCRT是一款支持SSH等协议的终端仿真软件,可以在windows下登录Linux服务器,这样大大方便了开发工作.安 ...