docker 14 dockerfile自定义mycentos

Base镜像（scratch）

Docker Hub中99%的镜像是通过在base镜像中安装和配置需要的软件构建出来的。也就是说base镜像是所有其他镜像的鼻祖。

hub默认centos镜像是什么情况

[root@t-docker chenzx]# docker run -it centos
[root@ef7873879474 /]# vim a.txt  ##默认ceonts不支持vim命令
bash: vim: command not found
[root@ef7873879474 /]# ifconfig   ##默认centos不支持ifconfig命令
bash: ifconfig: command not found

自定义镜像mycentos

1、编写Dokcerfile文件

[root@t-docker mycentos]# cat Dockerfile
FROM centos
MAINTAINER chenzx chenzx@11.com
ENV MYPATH /usr/local
WORKDIR $MYPATH
RUN yum -y install vim
RUN yum -y install net-tools
EXPOSE 80
CMD echo $MYPATH
CMD echo "success-----ok"
CMD /bin/bash

2、构建

语法：docker build -t 新镜像名字：TAG .

[root@t-docker mycentos]# docker build -f ./Dockerfile -t mycentos:1.3 .
Sending build context to Docker daemon  2.048kB
Step 1/10 : FROM centos
 ---> 5182e96772bf
Step 2/10 : MAINTAINER chenzx chenzx@11.com
 ---> Running in bf692c9a8f30
Removing intermediate container bf692c9a8f30
 ---> be7c6d72dcf6
Step 3/10 : ENV MYPATH /usr/local
 ---> Running in bfbe973063c4
Removing intermediate container bfbe973063c4
 ---> b6117be61d21
Step 4/10 : WORKDIR $MYPATH
 ---> Running in dc207977e37e
Removing intermediate container dc207977e37e
 ---> a299de1b142d
Step 5/10 : RUN yum -y install vim
 ---> Running in 7b18a2ea02ba
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, ovl
Determining fastest mirrors
 * base: mirror.bit.edu.cn
 * extras: mirror.bit.edu.cn
 * updates: mirror.bit.edu.cn
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package vim-enhanced.x86_64 2:7.4.160-4.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: vim-common = 2:7.4.160-4.el7 for package: 2:vim-enhanced-7.4.160-4.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: which for package: 2:vim-enhanced-7.4.160-4.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl(:MODULE_COMPAT_5.16.3) for package: 2:vim-enhanced-7.4.160-4.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libperl.so()(64bit) for package: 2:vim-enhanced-7.4.160-4.el7.x86_64
 ---> 41b54eafc062
Step 6/10 : RUN yum -y install net-tools
 ---> Running in 4fe95a3f928d
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, ovl
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirror.bit.edu.cn
 * extras: mirror.bit.edu.cn
 * updates: mirror.bit.edu.cn
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
Step 7/10 : EXPOSE 80
 ---> Running in b49331f041a0
Removing intermediate container b49331f041a0
 ---> 255ce503616b
Step 8/10 : CMD echo $MYPATH
 ---> Running in 0c8a45aa210f
Removing intermediate container 0c8a45aa210f
 ---> b70d750b50c6
Step 9/10 : CMD echo "success-----ok"
 ---> Running in 0f82aaeab3af
Removing intermediate container 0f82aaeab3af
 ---> 41680031171e
Step 10/10 : CMD /bin/bash
 ---> Running in 5694bd9a1dab
Removing intermediate container 5694bd9a1dab
 ---> 0c868c56748b
Successfully built 0c868c56748b
Successfully tagged mycentos:1.3
[root@t-docker mycentos]#

3、运行

[root@t-docker mycentos]# docker run -it mycentos:1.3
[root@28ab180a72d7 local]# pwd  ##落脚点是/usr/local
/usr/local
[root@28ab180a72d7 local]# vim a.txt ##vim命令也有了
[root@28ab180a72d7 local]# ifconfig ##ifconfig命令有了
eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 172.17.0.2  netmask 255.255.0.0  broadcast 172.17.255.255
        ether 02:42:ac:11:00:02  txqueuelen 0  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0
lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        loop  txqueuelen 1000  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0
[root@28ab180a72d7 local]#

4、列出镜像的变更历史 

功能：从底下往上看，可以看出制作mycentos镜像的历史过程。

[root@t-docker mycentos]# docker images mycentos
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
mycentos            1.3                 0c868c56748b        12 minutes ago      442MB
[root@t-docker mycentos]# docker history 0c868c56748b
IMAGE               CREATED             CREATED BY                                      SIZE                COMMENT
0c868c56748b        12 minutes ago      /bin/sh -c #(nop)  CMD ["/bin/sh" "-c" "/bin…   0B
41680031171e        12 minutes ago      /bin/sh -c #(nop)  CMD ["/bin/sh" "-c" "echo…   0B
b70d750b50c6        12 minutes ago      /bin/sh -c #(nop)  CMD ["/bin/sh" "-c" "echo…   0B
255ce503616b        12 minutes ago      /bin/sh -c #(nop)  EXPOSE 80                    0B
1cb7e8747969        12 minutes ago      /bin/sh -c yum -y install net-tools             93.7MB
41b54eafc062        12 minutes ago      /bin/sh -c yum -y install vim                   149MB
a299de1b142d        13 minutes ago      /bin/sh -c #(nop) WORKDIR /usr/local            0B
b6117be61d21        13 minutes ago      /bin/sh -c #(nop)  ENV MYPATH=/usr/local        0B
be7c6d72dcf6        13 minutes ago      /bin/sh -c #(nop)  MAINTAINER chenzx chenzx@…   0B
5182e96772bf        3 weeks ago         /bin/sh -c #(nop)  CMD ["/bin/bash"]            0B
<missing>           3 weeks ago         /bin/sh -c #(nop)  LABEL org.label-schema.sc…   0B
<missing>           3 weeks ago         /bin/sh -c #(nop) ADD file:6340c690b08865d7e…   200MB

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