Net 高级调试之十六:平台互用性及P/Invoke和内存泄漏调试
一、简介
今天是《Net 高级调试》的第十六篇文章,也是这个系列的最后一篇文章了。既然是最后一篇文章,我需要在这里说明一下,我当前的这个系列,不是针对《Net 高级调试》这本书来的,而是根据“一线码农”的视频做的这个系列。当然了,他的视频是根据《Net 高级调试》这本书来的,内容上做了一些调整,可以说是与时俱进的。说实在的,我第一次看《Net 高级调试》这个本书是蒙的,不知道从何处入手,有一个视频带我入门,相对而言是更容易下一下。入门之后,在深入研究《Net 高级调试这个本书》。好了废话就说这么多。今天是这个系列的最后一章,主要说一下【互用性】调试相关的内容,比如:P/Invoke调用的调试,互操作中的内存泄漏,COM互用性中终结操作的调试。我们写 C# 代码的,有时候也会用到P/Invoke调用的,多积累点经验是好事,我们可以做到有事不怕事,来者不拒。这些底层的东西,肯定不是一次就能接受的,所以,我们需要多次调试,才能慢慢体会其中之意,俗话说的好,书读千遍,其意自现。
如果在没有说明的情况下,所有代码的测试环境都是 Net Framewok 4.8,但是,有时候为了查看源码,可能需要使用 Net Core 的项目,我会在项目章节里进行说明。好了,废话不多说,开始我们今天的调试工作。
调试环境我需要进行说明,以防大家不清楚,具体情况我已经罗列出来。
操作系统:Windows Professional 10
调试工具:Windbg Preview(可以去Microsoft Store 去下载)
开发工具:Visual Studio 2022
Net 版本:Net Framework 4.8
CoreCLR源码:源码下载
二、基础知识
1、平台调用 P/Invoke
1.1、简介
平台调用服务 P/Invoke 是 CLR 的一部分,负责确保托管代码可以调用从非托管程序集中导出的各种函数,原因很简单,托管类型参数和非托管类型参数是不一致的,比如:托管的引用类型是带有附加信息的,二非托管类型是不可能有的。
2、P/Invoke 的崩溃
2.1、调用协定引发的崩溃。
很多时候调用协定不一致容易造成程序的崩溃,这种问题需要通过【调试器】检查。
2.2、委托异步引发的崩溃
【托管代码】到【非托管代码】的切换过程中,对象的固定是有 P/Invoke 层全权负责的,但是这个固定的范围这个同步的 Request-Response 周期,如果超过请求相应周期,那就容易出现各种问题,比如:Example_16_1_4。
2.3、非托管内存泄漏
非托管内存泄露,这里就不多说,我们举例说明,直接看调试代码。(这个方案没有完全解决,有些命令没有执行结果。)
三、源码调试
废话不多说,这一节是具体的调试过程,又可以说是眼见为实的过程,在开始之前,我还是要啰嗦两句,这一节分为两个部分,第一部分是测试的源码部分,没有代码,当然就谈不上测试了,调试必须有载体。第二部分就是根据具体的代码来证实我们学到的知识,是具体的眼见为实。
1、项目源码
1.1、Example_16_1_1


- 1 using System;
- 2 using System.Diagnostics;
- 3 using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
- 4
- 5 namespace Example_16_1_1
- 6 {
- 7 internal class Program
- 8 {
- 9 /// <summary>
- 10 ///
- 11 /// </summary>
- 12 /// <param name="freq"></param>
- 13 /// <param name="dur"></param>
- 14 /// <returns></returns>
- 15 [DllImport("Kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
- 16 private static extern bool Beep(uint freq, uint dur);
- 17
- 18
- 19 static void Main(string[] args)
- 20 {
- 21 Debugger.Break();
- 22
- 23 Beep(1000, 1000);
- 24
- 25 Console.ReadLine();
- 26 }
- 27 }
- 28 }
1.2、Example_16_1_2


- 1 using System;
- 2 using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
- 3
- 4 namespace Example_16_1_2
- 5 {
- 6 internal class Program
- 7 {
- 8 [DllImport("Example_16_1_3.dll", CallingConvention = CallingConvention.ThisCall, CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
- 9 //[DllImport("Example_16_1_3.dll", CallingConvention = CallingConvention.Cdecl, CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
- 10 public static extern void Alloc(string str);
- 11 static void Main(string[] args)
- 12 {
- 13 var str = "hello world";
- 14
- 15 Alloc(str);
- 16
- 17 Console.ReadLine();
- 18 }
- 19 }
- 20 }
1.3、Example_16_1_3(C++项目)


- 1 // Example_16_1_3.cpp : 此文件包含 "main" 函数。程序执行将在此处开始并结束。
- 2
- 3 extern "C"
- 4 {
- 5 __declspec(dllexport) void Alloc(wchar_t* c);
- 6 }
- 7
- 8 #include "iostream"
- 9 #include <Windows.h>
- 10
- 11 using namespace std;
- 12
- 13 void Alloc(wchar_t* c)
- 14 {
- 15 wprintf(L"%s \n", c);
- 16 }
1.4、Example_16_1_4


- 1 using System;
- 2 using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
- 3
- 4 namespace Example_16_1_4
- 5 {
- 6 internal class Program
- 7 {
- 8 public delegate void Callback(uint i);
- 9 static void Main(string[] args)
- 10 {
- 11 Test();
- 12 GC.Collect(); //不出问题的情况。
- 13 Console.ReadLine();
- 14 }
- 15
- 16 //static GCHandle handle;
- 17 private static void Test()
- 18 {
- 19 Callback callback = MyRun;
- 20
- 21 //handle=GCHandle.Alloc(callback, GCHandleType.Normal);
- 22 AsyncProcess(callback);
- 23
- 24 callback = null;
- 25 }
- 26
- 27 private static void MyRun(uint i)
- 28 {
- 29 Console.WriteLine("这是非托管代码回调我的实现!");
- 30 }
- 31
- 32 private static void MyCallback(string result)
- 33 {
- 34 Console.WriteLine($"Result={result}");
- 35 }
- 36
- 37 [DllImport("Example_16_1_5", CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall)]
- 38 private static extern void AsyncProcess(Callback callback);
- 39 }
- 40 }
1.5、Example_16_1_5(C++项目)


- 1 // Example_16_1_5.cpp : 此文件包含 "main" 函数。程序执行将在此处开始并结束。
- 2 //
- 3
- 4 #include <iostream>
- 5 #include <Windows.h>
- 6
- 7 using namespace std;
- 8
- 9 typedef void(__stdcall* PCallback)(UINT result);
- 10
- 11 extern "C"
- 12 {
- 13 _declspec(dllexport) void __stdcall AsyncProcess(PCallback ptr);
- 14 }
- 15
- 16 DWORD WINAPI ThreadWorkItem(LPVOID lpParameter)
- 17 {
- 18 printf("我是非托管的工作线程,tid=%d \n", GetCurrentThreadId());
- 19
- 20 Sleep(2000);
- 21
- 22 PCallback callback = (PCallback)lpParameter;
- 23
- 24 callback(0);
- 25
- 26 return 0;
- 27 }
- 28
- 29 void __stdcall AsyncProcess(PCallback ptr)
- 30 {
- 31 HANDLE hThread = CreateThread(NULL, 0, ThreadWorkItem, ptr, 0, NULL);
- 32 }
1.6、Example_16_1_6


- 1 using System;
- 2 using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
- 3 using System.Threading.Tasks;
- 4
- 5 namespace Example_16_1_6
- 6 {
- 7 internal class Program
- 8 {
- 9 [DllImport("Example_16_1_7", CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall)]
- 10 private static extern int InitData(int len);
- 11
- 12 static void Main(string[] args)
- 13 {
- 14 var task = Task.Factory.StartNew(() =>
- 15 {
- 16 for (int i = 0; i < int.MaxValue; i++)
- 17 {
- 18 InitData(10000);
- 19
- 20 Console.WriteLine($"i={i} 次操作!");
- 21 }
- 22 });
- 23
- 24 Console.ReadLine();
- 25 }
- 26 }
- 27 }
1.7、Example_16_1_7(C++项目)


- 1 // Example_16_1_7.cpp : 此文件包含 "main" 函数。程序执行将在此处开始并结束。
- 2 //
- 3
- 4 #include <iostream>
- 5 #include <Windows.h>
- 6
- 7 using namespace std;
- 8
- 9 extern "C"
- 10 {
- 11 _declspec(dllexport) int __stdcall InitData(int len);
- 12 }
- 13
- 14 int __stdcall InitData(int len) {
- 15 char* c = new char[len];
- 16 return 1;
- 17 }
2、眼见为实
项目的所有操作都是一样的,所以就在这里说明一下,但是每个测试例子,都需要重新启动,并加载相应的应用程序,加载方法都是一样的。流程如下:我们编译项目,打开 Windbg,点击【文件】----》【launch executable】附加程序,打开调试器的界面,程序已经处于中断状态。
我们需要使用【g】命令,继续运行程序,然后到达指定地点停止后,我们可以点击【break】按钮,就可以调试程序了。有时候可能需要切换到主线程,可以使用【~0s】命令。
2.1、如何观察 P/Invoke 是CLR的一部分。
调试源码:Example_16_1_1
因为【Beep】是Windows 提供的蜂鸣函数,可以直接用【bp】命令下断点,过了这么多年,这个函数的名称也有了变化,现在是【KERNEL32!BeepImplementation】。
当我们进入 Windbg 调试器界面后,我们使用【x】命令,查找一下【Beep】这个函数。
- 1 0:000> x kernel32!*beep*
- 2 7771194c KERNEL32!_imp__Beep = <no type information>
- 3 776c0660 KERNEL32!BeepImplementation (_BeepImplementation@8)
然后我们在这个方法上下断点,通过【bp KERNEL32!BeepImplementation 】命令下断点,然后继续【g】运行调试器。
- 1 0:000> bp KERNEL32!BeepImplementation
- 2 0:000> g
- 3 ModLoad: 75760000 757d9000 C:\Windows\SysWOW64\ADVAPI32.dll
- 4 ModLoad: 76de0000 76e9f000 C:\Windows\SysWOW64\msvcrt.dll
- 5 ModLoad: 75a10000 75a85000 C:\Windows\SysWOW64\sechost.dll
- 6 ModLoad: 754c0000 7557a000 C:\Windows\SysWOW64\RPCRT4.dll
- 7 ModLoad: 750f0000 7517d000 C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\mscoreei.dll
- 8 ModLoad: 75ed0000 75f15000 C:\Windows\SysWOW64\SHLWAPI.dll
- 9 ModLoad: 76400000 7640f000 C:\Windows\SysWOW64\kernel.appcore.dll
- 10 ModLoad: 75340000 75348000 C:\Windows\SysWOW64\VERSION.dll
- 11 ModLoad: 74740000 74ef0000 C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\clr.dll
- 12 ModLoad: 75a90000 75c24000 C:\Windows\SysWOW64\USER32.dll
- 13 ModLoad: 75f90000 75fa8000 C:\Windows\SysWOW64\win32u.dll
- 14 ModLoad: 739c0000 73a6b000 C:\Windows\SysWOW64\ucrtbase_clr0400.dll
- 15 ModLoad: 73a70000 73a84000 C:\Windows\SysWOW64\VCRUNTIME140_CLR0400.dll
- 16 ModLoad: 75c30000 75c53000 C:\Windows\SysWOW64\GDI32.dll
- 17 ModLoad: 76410000 764eb000 C:\Windows\SysWOW64\gdi32full.dll
- 18 ModLoad: 76360000 763db000 C:\Windows\SysWOW64\msvcp_win.dll
- 19 ModLoad: 755a0000 756c0000 C:\Windows\SysWOW64\ucrtbase.dll
- 20 ModLoad: 75fb0000 75fd5000 C:\Windows\SysWOW64\IMM32.DLL
- 21 ModLoad: 760d0000 76350000 C:\Windows\SysWOW64\combase.dll
- 22 (ef0.18fc): Unknown exception - code 04242420 (first chance)
- 23 ModLoad: 72340000 7374e000 C:\Windows\assembly\NativeImages_v4.0.30319_32\mscorlib\218db16dceaef380c6daf35c6a48f313\mscorlib.ni.dll
- 24 ModLoad: 75890000 75973000 C:\Windows\SysWOW64\ole32.dll
- 25 ModLoad: 760d0000 76350000 C:\Windows\SysWOW64\combase.dll
- 26 ModLoad: 764f0000 7654c000 C:\Windows\SysWOW64\bcryptPrimitives.dll
- 27 ModLoad: 71c00000 71c8a000 C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\clrjit.dll
- 28 ModLoad: 770d0000 7716b000 C:\Windows\SysWOW64\OLEAUT32.dll
- 29 (ef0.18fc): Break instruction exception - code 80000003 (first chance)
- 30 eax=00f3f358 ebx=00000000 ecx=01045e60 edx=00f3f530 esi=02f524d4 edi=00f3f39c
- 31 eip=75e0f262 esp=00f3f2f0 ebp=00f3f37c iopl=0 nv up ei pl zr na pe nc
- 32 cs=0023 ss=002b ds=002b es=002b fs=0053 gs=002b efl=00000246
- 33 KERNELBASE!wil::details::DebugBreak+0x2:
- 34 75e0f262 cc int 3
这个断点,还没有到我们的Beep方法,到了【Debugger.Break();】这行代码,然后,我们继续【g】。
- 1 0:000> g
- 2 Breakpoint 0 hit
- 3 eax=776c0660 ebx=00f3f460 ecx=74813ac3 edx=00000000 esi=01045e60 edi=00f3f3d0
- 4 eip=776c0660 esp=00f3f340 ebp=00f3f3a4 iopl=0 nv up ei pl zr na pe nc
- 5 cs=0023 ss=002b ds=002b es=002b fs=0053 gs=002b efl=00000246
- 6 KERNEL32!BeepImplementation:
- 7 776c0660 8bff mov edi,edi
红色标注的就是我们想要断住的方法。到了这里,我们看看当前的调用栈,使用【!clrstack】命令。
- 1 0:000> !clrstack
- 2 OS Thread Id: 0x18fc (0)
- 3 Child SP IP Call Site
- 4 00f3f350 776c0660 [InlinedCallFrame: 00f3f350]
- 5 00f3f34c 02db092d DomainBoundILStubClass.IL_STUB_PInvoke(UInt32, UInt32)
- 6 00f3f350 02db087a [InlinedCallFrame: 00f3f350] Example_16_1_1.Program.Beep(UInt32, UInt32)
- 7 00f3f3ac 02db087a Example_16_1_1.Program.Main(System.String[]) [E:\Visual Studio 2022\...\Example_16_1_1\Program.cs @ 23]
- 8 00f3f530 7474f036 [GCFrame: 00f3f530]
InlinedCallFrame: 00f3f350 这样有一个地址,就是一个栈针,这个栈针就是 CLR 里面的部分,这个栈针地址就会调用 LoadLibrary方法,加载【Kernel32.dll】,如果加载了这个dll,就不需要在加载了,如果没有加载才加载。加载了 dll 找到 Beep 方法的方发表,调用执行就可以了。
我们可以使用【dp】命令查看一下这个指针。我执行了两次,大家不用这样执行。选择自己喜欢的。
- 1 0:000> dp 00f3f350
- 2 00f3f350 7474fd74 00f3f530 00000008 00f3f344
- 3 00f3f360 02db092d 00f3f3a4 02d24d58 01045e60
- 4 00f3f370 00f3f310 00f3f3d0 776c0660 ffffffff
- 5 00f3f380 747ff800 000003e8 000003e8 00000000
- 6 00f3f390 000003e8 000003e8 00f3f460 00000000
- 7 00f3f3a0 00f3f3d0 00f3f3b8 02db087a 00000000
- 8 00f3f3b0 00000000 02f524c8 00f3f3c4 7474f036
- 9 00f3f3c0 01045e60 00f3f418 747522da 00f3f460
- 10 0:000> dp 00f3f350 L1
- 11 00f3f350 7474fd74
然后,我们在使用【ln 7474fd74】命令,查看具体详情。
- 1 0:000> ln 7474fd74
- 2 Browse module
- 3 Set bu breakpoint
- 4
- 5 (7474fd74) clr!InlinedCallFrame::`vftable' | (7474fdc0) clr!HelperMethodFrame_1OBJ::`vftable'
- 6 Exact matches:
当然,我们也可以使用【u】命令,查看 clr!InlinedCallFrame 方法的源码。当然,这个源码是汇编源码。
- 1 0:000> u 7474fd74
- 2 clr!InlinedCallFrame::`vftable':
- 3 7474fd74 30a1757490ba xor byte ptr [ecx-456F8B8Bh],ah
- 4 7474fd7a 7574 jne clr!HelperMethodFrame_1OBJ::`vftable'+0x30 (7474fdf0)
- 5 7474fd7c b019 mov al,19h
- 6 7474fd7e 7574 jne clr!HelperMethodFrame_1OBJ::`vftable'+0x34 (7474fdf4)
- 7 7474fd80 1061a0 adc byte ptr [ecx-60h],ah
- 8 7474fd83 7460 je clr!HelperMethodFrame_1OBJ::`vftable'+0x25 (7474fde5)
- 9 7474fd85 f9 stc
- 10 7474fd86 7f74 jg clr!HelperMethodFrame_1OBJ::`vftable'+0x3c (7474fdfc)
2.2、调用协定造成的崩溃。
调试源码:Example_16_1_2 和 Example_16_1_3(C++)
我们【Example_16_1_2】项目的 Program 类声明了一个Alloc方法,是C++ 的。这个方法的调用协定就是【CallingConvention = CallingConvention.Cdecl、CallingConvention.StdCall、CallingConvention.ThisCall】这个3中协定都是正常执行的,说明一下:和视频中使用【CallingConvention.ThisCall】协定程序会崩溃是不一致的,本人亲测,传递字符的规格是【CharSet = CharSet.Unicode】,也就是双字节。
我们的C++项目【Example_16_1_3】的【Example_16_1_3.cpp】类就定义了 Alloc 方法。我们为了传递和接受双字节的字符,在C++ 里面需要使用【wchar_t】类型,这个函数导出的时候格式是以【extern "C"】C语言的格式为标准的。
到现在,我们可以直接运行【Example_16_1_2】项目的 exe 程序,(说明:调用协定是CallingConvention.Cdecl,才可以调用成功,CallingConvention.ThisCall是举例调用协定不一致出现问题,大家要熟悉),我们看看运行结果,效果如图:
现在,我们把调用协定修改为【CallingConvention.FastCall】,在我测测试中,这些调用协定【CallingConvention.StdCall、CallingConvention.ThisCall、CallingConvention.Cdecl、CallingConvention.Winapi】都是正常执行的,所以,我只能换【CallingConvention.FastCall】,通过 Windbg 调试器查看一些运行结果。
当把我们的项目加载到 Windebug 调试中直接运行,会抛出异常,和视频中抛出的【访问违例:Access violation】异常是不一样的。
- 1 0:000> g
- 2 ModLoad: 00007ffd`15bf0000 00007ffd`15c9a000 C:\Windows\System32\ADVAPI32.dll
- 3 ModLoad: 00007ffd`166f0000 00007ffd`1678e000 C:\Windows\System32\msvcrt.dll
- 4 ModLoad: 00007ffd`168c0000 00007ffd`1695b000 C:\Windows\System32\sechost.dll
- 5 ModLoad: 00007ffd`17550000 00007ffd`17673000 C:\Windows\System32\RPCRT4.dll
- 6 ModLoad: 00007ffc`fd320000 00007ffc`fd3ca000 C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework64\v4.0.30319\mscoreei.dll
- 7 ModLoad: 00007ffd`16960000 00007ffd`169b5000 C:\Windows\System32\SHLWAPI.dll
- 8 ModLoad: 00007ffd`152c0000 00007ffd`152d3000 C:\Windows\System32\kernel.appcore.dll
- 9 ModLoad: 00007ffd`14c80000 00007ffd`14c8a000 C:\Windows\SYSTEM32\VERSION.dll
- 10 ModLoad: 00007ffc`fbfa0000 00007ffc`fca62000 C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework64\v4.0.30319\clr.dll
- 11 ModLoad: 00007ffd`17320000 00007ffd`174c0000 C:\Windows\System32\USER32.dll
- 12 ModLoad: 00007ffd`15240000 00007ffd`15262000 C:\Windows\System32\win32u.dll
- 13 ModLoad: 00007ffc`fba00000 00007ffc`fbabd000 C:\Windows\SYSTEM32\ucrtbase_clr0400.dll
- 14 ModLoad: 00007ffc`fcd00000 00007ffc`fcd16000 C:\Windows\SYSTEM32\VCRUNTIME140_CLR0400.dll
- 15 ModLoad: 00007ffd`15bb0000 00007ffd`15bda000 C:\Windows\System32\GDI32.dll
- 16 ModLoad: 00007ffd`153b0000 00007ffd`154ba000 C:\Windows\System32\gdi32full.dll
- 17 ModLoad: 00007ffd`15310000 00007ffd`153ad000 C:\Windows\System32\msvcp_win.dll
- 18 ModLoad: 00007ffd`154c0000 00007ffd`155c0000 C:\Windows\System32\ucrtbase.dll
- 19 ModLoad: 00007ffd`16650000 00007ffd`16680000 C:\Windows\System32\IMM32.DLL
- 20 ModLoad: 00007ffd`17970000 00007ffd`17cc4000 C:\Windows\System32\combase.dll
- 21 (3cf8.225c): Unknown exception - code 04242420 (first chance)
- 22 ModLoad: 00007ffc`f3650000 00007ffc`f4c50000 C:\Windows\assembly\NativeImages_v4.0.30319_64\mscorlib\....\mscorlib.ni.dll
- 23 ModLoad: 00007ffd`16790000 00007ffd`168b9000 C:\Windows\System32\ole32.dll
- 24 ModLoad: 00007ffd`17970000 00007ffd`17cc4000 C:\Windows\System32\combase.dll
- 25 ModLoad: 00007ffd`15b30000 00007ffd`15baf000 C:\Windows\System32\bcryptPrimitives.dll
- 26 ModLoad: 00007ffc`f2c50000 00007ffc`f2d9f000 C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework64\v4.0.30319\clrjit.dll
- 27 (3cf8.225c): C++ EH exception - code e06d7363 (first chance)
- 28 ModLoad: 0000017d`c7a10000 0000017d`c7b0a000 image0000017d`c7a10000
- 29 ModLoad: 0000017d`c7b10000 0000017d`c7c0a000 image0000017d`c7b10000
- 30 (3cf8.225c): CLR exception - code e0434352 (first chance)
- 31 ModLoad: 00007ffc`a83f0000 00007ffc`a855a000 C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework64\v4.0.30319\diasymreader.dll
- 32 ModLoad: 00007ffc`f1fe0000 00007ffc`f2c50000 C:\Windows\assembly\NativeImages_v4.0.30319_64\System\...\System.ni.dll
- 33 ModLoad: 00007ffc`f14b0000 00007ffc`f1f25000 C:\Windows\assembly\NativeImages_v4.0.30319_64\System.Core\...\System.Core.ni.dll
- 34 ModLoad: 00007ffd`14a40000 00007ffd`14a58000 C:\Windows\SYSTEM32\CRYPTSP.dll
- 35 ModLoad: 00007ffd`141e0000 00007ffd`14214000 C:\Windows\system32\rsaenh.dll
- 36 ModLoad: 00007ffd`152e0000 00007ffd`15307000 C:\Windows\System32\bcrypt.dll
- 37 ModLoad: 00007ffd`14a60000 00007ffd`14a6c000 C:\Windows\SYSTEM32\CRYPTBASE.dll
- 38 (3cf8.225c): CLR exception - code e0434352 (!!! second chance !!!)
- 39 KERNELBASE!RaiseException+0x69:
- 40 00007ffd`156d3e49 0f1f440000 nop dword ptr [rax+rax]
当然,我们直接运行程序,抛出的异常会更加直接。效果如图:
所以说,我们可以直接看程序抛出的异常,更能说明直接的问题,使用 Windebug 有点多此一举。再次强调一下:我的结果和视频的结果是不一样的,原因未知。
当然,虽然出错了,我们也可以看看当前的调用栈。
- 1 0:000> !clrstack
- 2 OS Thread Id: 0x225c (0)
- 3 Child SP IP Call Site
- 4 00000034903fe910 00007ffd156d3e49 [PrestubMethodFrame: 00000034903fe910] Example_16_1_2.Program.Alloc(System.String)
- 5 00000034903febd0 00007ffc9ca708d1 Example_16_1_2.Program.Main(System.String[]) [E:\Visual Studio 2022\...\Example_16_1_2\Program.cs @ 17]
- 6 00000034903fedf8 00007ffcfbfa6913 [GCFrame: 00000034903fedf8]
- 7
- 8 0:000> dp 00000034903fe910 l1
- 9 00000034`903fe910 00007ffc`fc7711c0
- 10 0:000> ln 00007ffc`fc7711c0
- 11 Browse module
- 12 Set bu breakpoint
- 13
- 14 (00007ffc`fc7711c0) clr!PrestubMethodFrame::`vftable' | (00007ffc`fc771260) clr!ExternalMethodFrame::`vftable'
- 15 Exact matches:
- 16
- 17 0:000> u 00007ffc`fc7711c0
- 18 clr!PrestubMethodFrame::`vftable':
- 19 00007ffc`fc7711c0 70b6 jo clr!FaultingExceptionFrame::`vftable'+0x50 (00007ffc`fc771178)
- 20 00007ffc`fc7711c2 0ffcfc paddb mm7,mm4
- 21 00007ffc`fc7711c5 7f00 jg clr!PrestubMethodFrame::`vftable'+0x7 (00007ffc`fc7711c7)
- 22 00007ffc`fc7711c7 004007 add byte ptr [rax+7],al
- 23 00007ffc`fc7711ca fb sti
- 24 00007ffc`fc7711cb fb sti
- 25 00007ffc`fc7711cc fc cld
- 26 00007ffc`fc7711cd 7f00 jg clr!PrestubMethodFrame::`vftable'+0xf (00007ffc`fc7711cf)
2.3、委托异步引发的崩溃。
调试源码:Example_16_1_4 和 Example_16_1_5(C++)
我们编译我们的两个项目,直接 ctrol+f5 运行 Example_16_1_4 项目,我们先看运行正常的情况,如果项正常运行,这个行代码【GC.Collect();】需要注释掉。运行结果如图:
这是正常的情况,接下来,我们取消对【GC.Collect();】这行代码的注释,就是可以执行垃圾回收。我们重新编译项目,ctrol+f5运行项目,执行效果如图:
在这里,我需要说明一下,我的演示结果和【一线码农】的视频演示的结果是不一样的,他的系统也崩溃了,提示的错误消息是【未经处理的异常:System.AccessviolationException:尝试读取或者写入受保护的内存,这通常指示其他内存已损坏】。这个问题我还没搞清楚,如果有知道的可以告诉我。
上面是运行程序出现的问题,接下来,我们使用 Windbg 查找一下问题。
我们编译项目 Example_16_1_4,打开 Windbg,点击【文件】----》【launch executable】附加程序,打开调试器的界面,程序已经处于中断状态。我本来想使用【bp Example_16_1_4!AsyncProcess】命令给【AsyncProcess】方法下断点,但是执行不成功。
- 1 0:000> bp Example_16_1_4!AsyncProcess
- 2 Couldn't resolve error at 'Example_16_1_4!AsyncProcess'
那我们就通过源码的方式直接给 C++ AsyncProcess 方法下断点。我们点击 Windbg 菜单栏,依次选择【Source】--->【Open Source File】,打开选择我们的 C++ 项目中的 Example_16_1_5.cpp 文件。效果如图:
断点设置完成后,我们直接执行【g】命令,继续运行调试器。效果如图:
我们继续执行【dv】命令,可以看到有一个 ptr,那就是我们从托管代码中传递到非托管代码中的委托,就是一个指针。
- 1 0:000> dv
- 2 ptr = 0x000001cc`459a090c
- 3 hThread = 0x00007ff8`5aa40f58
我们可以使用【u 1cc459a090c】命令,查看一下这个 ptr 是什么。
- 1 0:000> u 1cc459a090c
- 2 000001cc`459a090c 49bae0089a45cc010000 mov r10,1CC459A08E0h
- 3 000001cc`459a0916 48b8c021275af87f0000 mov rax,offset clr!UMThunkStub (00007ff8`5a2721c0)
- 4 000001cc`459a0920 48ffe0 jmp rax
- 5 000001cc`459a0923 0000 add byte ptr [rax],al
- 6 000001cc`459a0925 0000 add byte ptr [rax],al
- 7 000001cc`459a0927 00ababababab add byte ptr [rbx-54545455h],ch
- 8 000001cc`459a092d ab stos dword ptr [rdi]
- 9 000001cc`459a092e ab stos dword ptr [rdi]
我们在【PCallback callback = (PCallback)lpParameter;】这行代码在下一个断点,也就是2秒后会执行这个回调。效果如图:
断点设置成功后,我们继续执行调试器,使用【g】命令。
- 1 0:000> g
- 2 Breakpoint 1 hit
- 3 Example_16_1_5!ThreadWorkItem+0x3e:
- 4 00007fff`d444172e 488b8500010000 mov rax,qword ptr [rbp+100h] ss:0000000a`735ffb60=000001cc459a090c
我们继续执行,会在我们设置断点的地方成功断住。效果如图:
到了这里,我们在使用【u 1cc459a090c】命令,查看一下这个 ptr 是什么东西。
- 1 0:007> u 1cc459a090c
- 2 000001cc`459a090c ee out dx,al
- 3 000001cc`459a090d fe ???
- 4 000001cc`459a090e ee out dx,al
- 5 000001cc`459a090f fe ???
- 6 000001cc`459a0910 ee out dx,al
- 7 000001cc`459a0911 fe ???
- 8 000001cc`459a0912 ee out dx,al
- 9 000001cc`459a0913 fe ???
都是乱码了,都是 ??? 问号了,就是说 ptr 不存在了。说明已经被我们 GC 回收了。我们也可以使用【dv】命令查看一下变化。
- 1 0:007> dv
- 2 lpParameter = 0x000001cc`459a090c
- 3 callback = 0x00000000`00000000
callback 是空值了。
如果遇到这样的情况,我们怎么解决呢?其实很简单,在我们的 C# 代码中,声明一个静态的 handle 就可以了,如:static GCHandle handle;在我的代码中,注释的部分就是解决办法。
2.4、非托管内存泄露
调试源码:Example_16_1_6 和 Example_16_1_7(C++)项目
在C++ 项目中,如果我们声明了【数组】,是需要自己释放的,如果忘记释放,内存就会暴涨了。我们直接运行项目【Example_16_1_6】,看一下效果:
大家可以试试,内存涨得很快。
这次我们是通过 dump 文件进行分析的,生成 dump 文件有两种方式,第一种是通过【任务管理器】来生成的。第二种是通过【ProcessExplorer】工具来生成。
第一种:我们首先运行我们的项目 Example_16_1_6.exe,然后,我们打开【任务管理器】,找到我们的项目进程,我的进程名是【Example_16_1_6】,如果左侧有箭头,点击打开折叠的内容,在项目地址名字上点击右键,选择保存【创建转出文件】,保存成功,会弹出提示框文件的位置,效果如下:
弹出保存数据对话框,保存对话框运行时间的长短是有你保存的数据多少决定的。如图:
这个保存的过程,和你的程序运行时间的长短有关系。保存成功,如图:
我们的 dump 文件如图:
第二种:我们使用【ProcessExplorer】工具抓 dump 文件,个人感觉这个更好的,抓的文件更好用、更可靠。
首先运行我们的项目 Example_16_1_6.exe,然后打开【ProcessExplorer】工具,然后,在右侧的【Filter by name】过滤进程,输入我们的进程名称,比如:Example_16,不用输入全名,当然输入全名也可以。如图:
我们找到了我们的项目进程,在项目上点击右键,依次选择【Create Dump】----》【Create MiniDump】或者【Create Full Dump】,我选择的是【Create Full Dump】创建完整的 dump 文件,选择保存的文件路径就可以了。
在开始之前,我们需要做一些准备工作,否则,调试结果有些数据是看不到的,我第一次就是这样的,原来是漏了步骤了,切记,切记。我们必须打开【栈追踪】。我已经安装了 【Windows Kits】,如果没有安装的,就请去微软官网下载安装一下,毕竟 gflags.exe 包含在这个集合中。
Windows Kits 官网下载地址:https://learn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/windows-hardware/drivers/download-the-wdk
我的安装目录在:D:\Windows Kits\10\Debuggers ,大家根据自己的情况去查找。为了避免每次都进入安装目录,最好把 gflags.exe 的安装目录配置到【环境变量】里面,使用就方便了。针对我们的项目执行一下命令:gflags /i Example_16_1_6.exe +ust 。效果如图:
有了 Dump 文件就容易了,我们就可以使用 Windbg 调试了。我们打开 Windbg,点击【文件】----》【Open dump file】打开我们的 Dump 文件,打开调试器的界面,程序已经处于中断状态。我们先看看托管堆的情况,执行命令【!heap -s】。
- 1 0:000> !heap -s
- 2
- 3
- 4 ************************************************************************************************************************
- 5 NT HEAP STATS BELOW
- 6 ************************************************************************************************************************
- 7 NtGlobalFlag enables following debugging aids for new heaps:
- 8 stack back traces(必须开启栈跟踪,否则后面的操作有些不能输出)
- 9 LFH Key : 0xb1c3e0529717db20
- 10 Termination on corruption : ENABLED
- 11 Heap Flags Reserv Commit Virt Free List UCR Virt Lock Fast
- 12 (k) (k) (k) (k) length blocks cont. heap
- 13 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- 14 000001f3651e0000 08000002 3869212 3843092 3869108 58051 283 243 1 3 LFH
- 15 000001f363950000 08008000 64 4 64 2 1 1 0 0
- 16 000001f3655b0000 08001002 164 36 60 5 2 1 0 0 LFH
- 17 000001f365420000 08001002 164 36 60 4 2 1 0 0 LFH
- 18 000001f366df0000 08001002 60 8 60 2 1 1 0 0
- 19 000001f366f70000 08041002 60 8 60 5 1 1 0 0
- 20 000001f37f8b0000 08041002 60 8 60 2 1 1 0 0
- 21 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
我们使用【!heap -h 000001f3651e0000】命令查看一下句柄,发现内容太多了,我就不一一展示了。
- 1 0:000> !heap -h 000001f3651e0000
- 2 HEAPEXT: Unable to get address of ntdll!RtlpHeapInvalidBadAddress.
- 3 Index Address Name Debugging options enabled
- 4 1: 1f3651e0000
- 5 Segment at 000001f3651e0000 to 000001f3652df000 (000ff000 bytes committed)
- 6 Segment at 000001f37f300000 to 000001f37f3ff000 (000e7000 bytes committed)
- 7 Segment at 000001f37f8c0000 to 000001f37fabf000 (001d6000 bytes committed)
- 8 Segment at 000001f37fac0000 to 000001f37febf000 (003ee000 bytes committed)
- 9 Segment at 000001f300000000 to 000001f3007ff000 (007db000 bytes committed)
- 10 Segment at 000001f300800000 to 000001f3017cf000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 11 Segment at 000001f3017d0000 to 000001f30279f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 12 Segment at 000001f3027a0000 to 000001f30376f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 13 Segment at 000001f303770000 to 000001f30473f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 14 Segment at 000001f304740000 to 000001f30570f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 15 Segment at 000001f305710000 to 000001f3066df000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 16 Segment at 000001f3066e0000 to 000001f3076af000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 17 Segment at 000001f3076b0000 to 000001f30867f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 18 Segment at 000001f308680000 to 000001f30964f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 19 Segment at 000001f309650000 to 000001f30a61f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 20 Segment at 000001f30a620000 to 000001f30b5ef000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 21 Segment at 000001f30b5f0000 to 000001f30c5bf000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 22 Segment at 000001f30c5c0000 to 000001f30d58f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 23 Segment at 000001f30d590000 to 000001f30e55f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 24 Segment at 000001f30e560000 to 000001f30f52f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 25 Segment at 000001f30f530000 to 000001f3104ff000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 26 Segment at 000001f310500000 to 000001f3114cf000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 27 Segment at 000001f3114d0000 to 000001f31249f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 28 Segment at 000001f3124a0000 to 000001f31346f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 29 Segment at 000001f313470000 to 000001f31443f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 30 Segment at 000001f314440000 to 000001f31540f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 31 Segment at 000001f315410000 to 000001f3163df000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 32 Segment at 000001f3163e0000 to 000001f3173af000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 33 Segment at 000001f3173b0000 to 000001f31837f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 34 Segment at 000001f318380000 to 000001f31934f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 35 Segment at 000001f319350000 to 000001f31a31f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 36 Segment at 000001f31a320000 to 000001f31b2ef000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 37 Segment at 000001f31b2f0000 to 000001f31c2bf000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 38 Segment at 000001f31c2c0000 to 000001f31d28f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 39 Segment at 000001f31d290000 to 000001f31e25f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 40 Segment at 000001f31e260000 to 000001f31f22f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 41 Segment at 000001f31f230000 to 000001f3201ff000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 42 Segment at 000001f320200000 to 000001f3211cf000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 43 Segment at 000001f3211d0000 to 000001f32219f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 44 Segment at 000001f3221a0000 to 000001f32316f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 45 Segment at 000001f323170000 to 000001f32413f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 46 Segment at 000001f324140000 to 000001f32510f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 47 Segment at 000001f325110000 to 000001f3260df000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 48 Segment at 000001f3260e0000 to 000001f3270af000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 49 Segment at 000001f3270b0000 to 000001f32807f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 50 Segment at 000001f328080000 to 000001f32904f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 51 Segment at 000001f329050000 to 000001f32a01f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 52 Segment at 000001f32a020000 to 000001f32afef000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 53 Segment at 000001f32aff0000 to 000001f32bfbf000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 54 Segment at 000001f32bfc0000 to 000001f32cf8f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 55 Segment at 000001f32cf90000 to 000001f32df5f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 56 Segment at 000001f32df60000 to 000001f32ef2f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 57 Segment at 000001f32ef30000 to 000001f32feff000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 58 Segment at 000001f32ff00000 to 000001f330ecf000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 59 Segment at 000001f330ed0000 to 000001f331e9f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 60 Segment at 000001f331ea0000 to 000001f332e6f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 61 Segment at 000001f332e70000 to 000001f333e3f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 62 Segment at 000001f333e40000 to 000001f334e0f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 63 Segment at 000001f334e10000 to 000001f335ddf000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 64 Segment at 000001f335de0000 to 000001f336daf000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 65 Segment at 000001f336db0000 to 000001f337d7f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 66 Segment at 000001f337d80000 to 000001f338d4f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 67 Segment at 000001f338d50000 to 000001f339d1f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 68 Segment at 000001f339d20000 to 000001f33acef000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 69 Segment at 000001f33acf0000 to 000001f33bcbf000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 70 Segment at 000001f33bcc0000 to 000001f33cc8f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 71 Segment at 000001f33cc90000 to 000001f33dc5f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 72 Segment at 000001f33dc60000 to 000001f33ec2f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 73 Segment at 000001f33ec30000 to 000001f33fbff000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 74 Segment at 000001f33fc00000 to 000001f340bcf000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 75 Segment at 000001f340bd0000 to 000001f341b9f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 76 Segment at 000001f341ba0000 to 000001f342b6f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 77 Segment at 000001f342b70000 to 000001f343b3f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 78 Segment at 000001f343b40000 to 000001f344b0f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 79 Segment at 000001f344b10000 to 000001f345adf000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 80 Segment at 000001f345ae0000 to 000001f346aaf000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 81 Segment at 000001f346ab0000 to 000001f347a7f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 82 Segment at 000001f347a80000 to 000001f348a4f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 83 Segment at 000001f348a50000 to 000001f349a1f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 84 Segment at 000001f349a20000 to 000001f34a9ef000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 85 Segment at 000001f34a9f0000 to 000001f34b9bf000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 86 Segment at 000001f34b9c0000 to 000001f34c98f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 87 Segment at 000001f34c990000 to 000001f34d95f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 88 Segment at 000001f34d960000 to 000001f34e92f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 89 Segment at 000001f34e930000 to 000001f34f8ff000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 90 Segment at 000001f34f900000 to 000001f3508cf000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 91 Segment at 000001f3508d0000 to 000001f35189f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 92 Segment at 000001f3518a0000 to 000001f35286f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 93 Segment at 000001f352870000 to 000001f35383f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 94 Segment at 000001f353840000 to 000001f35480f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 95 Segment at 000001f354810000 to 000001f3557df000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 96 Segment at 000001f3557e0000 to 000001f3567af000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 97 Segment at 000001f3567b0000 to 000001f35777f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 98 Segment at 000001f357780000 to 000001f35874f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 99 Segment at 000001f358750000 to 000001f35971f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 100 Segment at 000001f359720000 to 000001f35a6ef000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 101 Segment at 000001f35a6f0000 to 000001f35b6bf000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 102 Segment at 000001f35b6c0000 to 000001f35c68f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 103 Segment at 000001f35c690000 to 000001f35d65f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 104 Segment at 000001f35d660000 to 000001f35e62f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 105 Segment at 000001f35e630000 to 000001f35f5ff000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 106 Segment at 000001f35f600000 to 000001f3605cf000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 107 Segment at 000001f3605d0000 to 000001f36159f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 108 Segment at 000001f3615a0000 to 000001f36256f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 109 Segment at 000001f362570000 to 000001f36353f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 110 Segment at 000001f37fec0000 to 000001f380e8f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 111 Segment at 000001f380e90000 to 000001f381e5f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 112 Segment at 000001f381e60000 to 000001f382e2f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 113 Segment at 000001f382e30000 to 000001f383dff000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 114 Segment at 000001f383e00000 to 000001f384dcf000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 115 Segment at 000001f384dd0000 to 000001f385d9f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 116 Segment at 000001f385da0000 to 000001f386d6f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 117 Segment at 000001f386d70000 to 000001f387d3f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 118 Segment at 000001f387d40000 to 000001f388d0f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 119 Segment at 000001f388d10000 to 000001f389cdf000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 120 Segment at 000001f389ce0000 to 000001f38acaf000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 121 Segment at 000001f38acb0000 to 000001f38bc7f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 122 Segment at 000001f38bc80000 to 000001f38cc4f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 123 Segment at 000001f38cc50000 to 000001f38dc1f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 124 Segment at 000001f38dc20000 to 000001f38ebef000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 125 Segment at 000001f38ebf0000 to 000001f38fbbf000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 126 Segment at 000001f38fbc0000 to 000001f390b8f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 127 Segment at 000001f390b90000 to 000001f391b5f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 128 Segment at 000001f391b60000 to 000001f392b2f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 129 Segment at 000001f392b30000 to 000001f393aff000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 130 Segment at 000001f393b00000 to 000001f394acf000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 131 Segment at 000001f394ad0000 to 000001f395a9f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 132 Segment at 000001f395aa0000 to 000001f396a6f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 133 Segment at 000001f396a70000 to 000001f397a3f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 134 Segment at 000001f397a40000 to 000001f398a0f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 135 Segment at 000001f398a10000 to 000001f3999df000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 136 Segment at 000001f3999e0000 to 000001f39a9af000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 137 Segment at 000001f39a9b0000 to 000001f39b97f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 138 Segment at 000001f39b980000 to 000001f39c94f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 139 Segment at 000001f39c950000 to 000001f39d91f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 140 Segment at 000001f39d920000 to 000001f39e8ef000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 141 Segment at 000001f39e8f0000 to 000001f39f8bf000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 142 Segment at 000001f39f8c0000 to 000001f3a088f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 143 Segment at 000001f3a0890000 to 000001f3a185f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 144 Segment at 000001f3a1860000 to 000001f3a282f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 145 Segment at 000001f3a2830000 to 000001f3a37ff000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 146 Segment at 000001f3a3800000 to 000001f3a47cf000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 147 Segment at 000001f3a47d0000 to 000001f3a579f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 148 Segment at 000001f3a57a0000 to 000001f3a676f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 149 Segment at 000001f3a6770000 to 000001f3a773f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 150 Segment at 000001f3a7740000 to 000001f3a870f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 151 Segment at 000001f3a8710000 to 000001f3a96df000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 152 Segment at 000001f3a96e0000 to 000001f3aa6af000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 153 Segment at 000001f3aa6b0000 to 000001f3ab67f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 154 Segment at 000001f3ab680000 to 000001f3ac64f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 155 Segment at 000001f3ac650000 to 000001f3ad61f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 156 Segment at 000001f3ad620000 to 000001f3ae5ef000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 157 Segment at 000001f3ae5f0000 to 000001f3af5bf000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 158 Segment at 000001f3af5c0000 to 000001f3b058f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 159 Segment at 000001f3b0590000 to 000001f3b155f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 160 Segment at 000001f3b1560000 to 000001f3b252f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 161 Segment at 000001f3b2530000 to 000001f3b34ff000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 162 Segment at 000001f3b3500000 to 000001f3b44cf000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 163 Segment at 000001f3b44d0000 to 000001f3b549f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 164 Segment at 000001f3b54a0000 to 000001f3b646f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 165 Segment at 000001f3b6470000 to 000001f3b743f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 166 Segment at 000001f3b7440000 to 000001f3b840f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 167 Segment at 000001f3b8410000 to 000001f3b93df000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 168 Segment at 000001f3b93e0000 to 000001f3ba3af000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 169 Segment at 000001f3ba3b0000 to 000001f3bb37f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 170 Segment at 000001f3bb380000 to 000001f3bc34f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 171 Segment at 000001f3bc350000 to 000001f3bd31f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 172 Segment at 000001f3bd320000 to 000001f3be2ef000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 173 Segment at 000001f3be2f0000 to 000001f3bf2bf000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 174 Segment at 000001f3bf2c0000 to 000001f3c028f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 175 Segment at 000001f3c0290000 to 000001f3c125f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 176 Segment at 000001f3c1260000 to 000001f3c222f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 177 Segment at 000001f3c2230000 to 000001f3c31ff000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 178 Segment at 000001f3c3200000 to 000001f3c41cf000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 179 Segment at 000001f3c41d0000 to 000001f3c519f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 180 Segment at 000001f3c51a0000 to 000001f3c616f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 181 Segment at 000001f3c6170000 to 000001f3c713f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 182 Segment at 000001f3c7140000 to 000001f3c810f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 183 Segment at 000001f3c8110000 to 000001f3c90df000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 184 Segment at 000001f3c90e0000 to 000001f3ca0af000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 185 Segment at 000001f3ca0b0000 to 000001f3cb07f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 186 Segment at 000001f3cb080000 to 000001f3cc04f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 187 Segment at 000001f3cc050000 to 000001f3cd01f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 188 Segment at 000001f3cd020000 to 000001f3cdfef000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 189 Segment at 000001f3cdff0000 to 000001f3cefbf000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 190 Segment at 000001f3cefc0000 to 000001f3cff8f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 191 Segment at 000001f3cff90000 to 000001f3d0f5f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 192 Segment at 000001f3d0f60000 to 000001f3d1f2f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 193 Segment at 000001f3d1f30000 to 000001f3d2eff000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 194 Segment at 000001f3d2f00000 to 000001f3d3ecf000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 195 Segment at 000001f3d3ed0000 to 000001f3d4e9f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 196 Segment at 000001f3d4ea0000 to 000001f3d5e6f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 197 Segment at 000001f3d5e70000 to 000001f3d6e3f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 198 Segment at 000001f3d6e40000 to 000001f3d7e0f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 199 Segment at 000001f3d7e10000 to 000001f3d8ddf000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 200 Segment at 000001f3d8de0000 to 000001f3d9daf000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 201 Segment at 000001f3d9db0000 to 000001f3dad7f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 202 Segment at 000001f3dad80000 to 000001f3dbd4f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 203 Segment at 000001f3dbd50000 to 000001f3dcd1f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 204 Segment at 000001f3dcd20000 to 000001f3ddcef000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 205 Segment at 000001f3ddcf0000 to 000001f3decbf000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 206 Segment at 000001f3decc0000 to 000001f3dfc8f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 207 Segment at 000001f3dfc90000 to 000001f3e0c5f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 208 Segment at 000001f3e0c60000 to 000001f3e1c2f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 209 Segment at 000001f3e1c30000 to 000001f3e2bff000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 210 Segment at 000001f3e2c00000 to 000001f3e3bcf000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 211 Segment at 000001f3e3bd0000 to 000001f3e4b9f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 212 Segment at 000001f3e4ba0000 to 000001f3e5b6f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 213 Segment at 000001f3e5b70000 to 000001f3e6b3f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 214 Segment at 000001f3e6b40000 to 000001f3e7b0f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 215 Segment at 000001f3e7b10000 to 000001f3e8adf000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 216 Segment at 000001f3e8ae0000 to 000001f3e9aaf000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 217 Segment at 000001f3e9ab0000 to 000001f3eaa7f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 218 Segment at 000001f3eaa80000 to 000001f3eba4f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 219 Segment at 000001f3eba50000 to 000001f3eca1f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 220 Segment at 000001f3eca20000 to 000001f3ed9ef000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 221 Segment at 000001f3ed9f0000 to 000001f3ee9bf000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 222 Segment at 000001f3ee9c0000 to 000001f3ef98f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 223 Segment at 000001f3ef990000 to 000001f3f095f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 224 Segment at 000001f3f0960000 to 000001f3f192f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 225 Segment at 000001f3f1930000 to 000001f3f28ff000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 226 Segment at 000001f3f2900000 to 000001f3f38cf000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 227 Segment at 000001f3f38d0000 to 000001f3f489f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 228 Segment at 000001f3f48a0000 to 000001f3f586f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 229 Segment at 000001f3f5870000 to 000001f3f683f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 230 Segment at 000001f3f6840000 to 000001f3f780f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 231 Segment at 000001f3f7810000 to 000001f3f87df000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 232 Segment at 000001f3f87e0000 to 000001f3f97af000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 233 Segment at 000001f3f97b0000 to 000001f3fa77f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 234 Segment at 000001f3fa780000 to 000001f3fb74f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 235 Segment at 000001f3fb750000 to 000001f3fc71f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 236 Segment at 000001f3fc720000 to 000001f3fd6ef000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 237 Segment at 000001f3fd6f0000 to 000001f3fe6bf000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 238 Segment at 000001f3fe6c0000 to 000001f3ff68f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 239 Segment at 000001f3ff690000 to 000001f40065f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 240 Segment at 000001f400660000 to 000001f40162f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 241 Segment at 000001f401630000 to 000001f4025ff000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 242 Segment at 000001f402600000 to 000001f4035cf000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 243 Segment at 000001f4035d0000 to 000001f40459f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 244 Segment at 000001f4045a0000 to 000001f40556f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 245 Segment at 000001f405570000 to 000001f40653f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 246 Segment at 000001f406540000 to 000001f40750f000 (00fb5000 bytes committed)
- 247 Segment at 000001f407510000 to 000001f4084df000 (00eec000 bytes committed)
- 248 Flags: 08000002
- 249 ForceFlags: 00000000
- 250 Granularity: 16 bytes
- 251 Segment Reserve: ec360000
- 252 Segment Commit: 00002000
- 253 DeCommit Block Thres: 00000400
- 254 DeCommit Total Thres: 00001000
- 255 Total Free Size: 0038b0df
- 256 Max. Allocation Size: 00007ffffffdefff
- 257 Lock Variable at: 000001f3651e02c0
- 258 Next TagIndex: 0000
- 259 Maximum TagIndex: 0000
- 260 Tag Entries: 00000000
- 261 PsuedoTag Entries: 00000000
- 262 Virtual Alloc List: 1f3651e0110
- 263 000001f366e09000: 00100000 [commited 101000, unused 1000] - busy (b)
- 264 Uncommitted ranges: 1f3651e00f0
- 265 FreeList[ 00 ] at 000001f3651e0150: 000001f301778010 . 000001f37f33fe80 (283 blocks)
- 266
- 267 Heap entries for Segment00 in Heap 000001f3651e0000
- 268 address: psize . size flags state (requested size)
- 269 000001f3651e0000: 00000 . 00740 [101] - busy (73f)
- 270 000001f3651e0740: 00740 . 00080 [101] - busy (50)
- 271 000001f3651e07c0: 00080 . 00060 [101] - busy (30)
- 272 000001f3651e0820: 00060 . 00030 [101] - busy (4)
- 273 000001f3651e0850: 00030 . 00130 [101] - busy (100)
- 274 000001f3651e0980: 00130 . 00200 [101] - busy (1d8)
- 275 000001f3651e0b80: 00200 . 00200 [101] - busy (1d8)
- 276 000001f3651e0d80: 00200 . 00070 [101] - busy (48)
- 277 000001f3651e0df0: 00070 . 00030 [101] - busy (4)
- 278 000001f3651e0e20: 00030 . 00040 [101] - busy (10)
- 279 000001f3651e0e60: 00040 . 00130 [101] - busy (100)
- 280 000001f3651e0f90: 00130 . 00130 [101] - busy (100)
- 281 000001f3651e10c0: 00130 . 01510 [101] - busy (14e8)
- 282 000001f3651e25d0: 01510 . 00950 [101] - busy (91c)
- 283 000001f3651e2f20: 00950 . 00070 [101] - busy (3c)
- 284 000001f3651e2f90: 00070 . 00060 [101] - busy (30)
- 285 000001f3651e2ff0: 00060 . 00090 [101] - busy (62)
- 286 000001f3651e3080: 00090 . 00150 [101] - busy (120)
- 287 000001f3651e31d0: 00150 . 00080 [101] - busy (50)
- 288 000001f3651e3250: 00080 . 00150 [101] - busy (120)
- 289 000001f3651e33a0: 00150 . 00080 [101] - busy (50)
- 290 000001f3651e3420: 00080 . 00260 [101] - busy (238)
- 291 000001f3651e3680: 00260 . 00060 [101] - busy (30)
- 292 000001f3651e36e0: 00060 . 00090 [101] - busy (68)
- 293 000001f3651e3770: 00090 . 00040 [101] - busy (10)
- 294 000001f3651e37b0: 00040 . 00150 [101] - busy (120)
- 295 000001f3651e3900: 00150 . 00080 [101] - busy (50)
- 296 000001f3651e3980: 00080 . 00070 [101] - busy (40)
- 297 000001f3651e39f0: 00070 . 00030 [101] - busy (8)
- 298 000001f3651e3a20: 00030 . 00050 [101] - busy (20)
- 299 000001f3651e3a70: 00050 . 00080 [101] - busy (50)
- 300 000001f3651e3af0: 00080 . 00090 [101] - busy (68)
- 301 000001f3651e3b80: 00090 . 00150 [101] - busy (120)
- 302 000001f3651e3cd0: 00150 . 00080 [101] - busy (50)
- 303 000001f3651e3d50: 00080 . 00070 [101] - busy (42)
- 304 000001f3651e3dc0: 00070 . 00130 [101] - busy (100)
- 305 000001f3651e3ef0: 00130 . 00130 [101] - busy (100)
- 306 000001f3651e4020: 00130 . 00060 [101] - busy (30)
- 307 000001f3651e4080: 00060 . 00070 [101] - busy (30)
- 308 000001f3651e40f0: 00070 . 00050 [101] - busy (20)
- 309 000001f3651e4140: 00050 . 00070 [101] - busy (42)
- 310 000001f3651e41b0: 00070 . 000a0 [101] - busy (75)
- 311 000001f3651e4250: 000a0 . 00150 [101] - busy (120)
- 312 000001f3651e43a0: 00150 . 00080 [101] - busy (50)
- 313 000001f3651e4420: 00080 . 00070 [101] - busy (46)
- 314 000001f3651e4490: 00070 . 00430 [101] - busy (400)
- 315 000001f3651e48c0: 00430 . 00430 [101] - busy (400)
- 316 000001f3651e4cf0: 00430 . 00130 [101] - busy (100)
- 317 000001f3651e4e20: 00130 . 00130 [101] - busy (100)
- 318 000001f3651e4f50: 00130 . 00060 [101] - busy (30)
- 319 000001f3651e4fb0: 00060 . 00060 [101] - busy (30)
- 320 000001f3651e5010: 00060 . 00060 [101] - busy (30)
- 321 000001f3651e5070: 00060 . 00060 [101] - busy (30)
- 322 000001f3651e50d0: 00060 . 00060 [101] - busy (30)
- 323 000001f3651e5130: 00060 . 00060 [101] - busy (30)
- 324 000001f3651e5190: 00060 . 00060 [101] - busy (30)
- 325 000001f3651e51f0: 00060 . 00060 [101] - busy (30)
- 326 000001f3651e5250: 00060 . 00060 [101] - busy (30)
- 327 000001f3651e52b0: 00060 . 00060 [101] - busy (30)
- 328 000001f3651e5310: 00060 . 00060 [101] - busy (30)
- 329 000001f3651e5370: 00060 . 00060 [101] - busy (30)
- 330 000001f3651e53d0: 00060 . 00060 [101] - busy (30)
- 331 000001f3651e5430: 00060 . 00810 [101] - busy (80f) Internal
- 332 000001f3651e5c40: 00810 . 01cb0 [101] - busy (1caf) Internal
- 333 000001f3651e78f0: 01cb0 . 00130 [101] - busy (108)
- 334 000001f3651e7a20: 00130 . 000b0 [101] - busy (88)
- 335 000001f3651e7ad0: 000b0 . 00830 [101] - busy (800) Internal
- 336 000001f3651e8300: 00830 . 00420 [101] - busy (3f0) Internal
- 337 000001f3651e8720: 00420 . 00050 [101] - busy (20)
- 338 000001f3651e8770: 00050 . 00120 [101] - busy (f0)
- 339 000001f3651e8890: 00120 . 00050 [101] - busy (1a)
- 340 000001f3651e88e0: 00050 . 00200 [101] - busy (1d8)
- 341 000001f3651e8ae0: 00200 . 00070 [101] - busy (48)
- 342 000001f3651e8b50: 00070 . 00120 [101] - busy (f0)
我们继续执行【!heap -x 0000022b076de000】看看,
- 1 0000022b0769c010: 42010 . 41ff0 [101] - busy (41fe0) Internal
- 2 0000022b076de000: 41ff0 . 00400 [101] - busy (3f0) Internal (我选的这个地址)
- 3 0000022b076de400: 00400 . 41c00 [101] - busy (41bf0) Internal
- 4 0000022b07720000: 41c00 . 10fc0 [100]
- 5 0000022b07730fc0: 10fc0 . 00040 [111] - busy (3d)
- 6 0000022b07731000: 00b9e000 - uncommitted bytes.
- 7 0:000> !heap -x 0000022b076de000(这个地址我是随便选的)
- 8 Entry User Heap Segment Size PrevSize Unused Flags
- 9 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- 10 0000022b076de000 0000022b076de010 0000022a779a0000 0000022b07300000 400 41ff0 10 busy internal
说明,这里必须使用【gflags】注册跟踪数据库,否则这里是没有输出的,第一次,可把我搞蒙了。
我测试到这里,没有测试到我需要的结果,不知道原因为什么,和【一线码农】视频有差距。当我执行【!heap -x】 命令,没有得到我想要的结果,所以后面执行【!heap -p -a】命令就没有办法执行了。
四、总结
终于写完了,这个系列也终于写完了,我说的这个系列是基于视频的这个系列,因为我打算基于《Net 高级调试》这个本书,再出一个系列。底层的东西,一次肯定是理解不透的,需要深入、多次的操作和调试。学习过程真的没那么轻松,还好是自己比较喜欢这一行,否则真不知道自己能不能坚持下来。准备收拾心情,重新在写一个系列,完全是基于书本的,把每个章节都写出来,调试一下,感受一下,肯定收货更多。好了,不说了,不忘初心,继续努力,希望老天不要辜负努力的人。
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