Java多线程(1)：3种常用的实现多线程类的方法

(1) 继承java.lang.Thread类(Thread也实现了Runnable接口)

继承Thread类的方法是比较常用的一种，如果说你只是想起一条线程。没有什么其它特殊的要求，那么可以使用Thread。一般推荐Runable。Thread类实际上也是实现了Runnable接口的类。

 class ThreadDemo extends Thread {
 
     private int i = 1;
 
     ThreadDemo(String name) {
         this.setName(name);
         System.out.println("Creating " + name);
     }
 
     @Override
     public void run() {
         System.out.println("Running " + this.getName());
         try {
             for (; i <= 5; i++) {
                 System.out.println("Thread: " + this.getName() + " [" + i + "]");
                 // Thread.sleep()方法调用目的是不让当前线程独自霸占该进程所获取的CPU资源，以留出一定时间给其他线程执行的机会。
                 Thread.sleep((int) (Math.random() * 100));
             }
         } catch (InterruptedException e) {
             System.out.println("Thread " + this.getName() + " interrupted.");
         }
         System.out.println("Thread " + this.getName() + " exiting.");
     }
 
     @Override
     public void start() {
         System.out.println("Starting " + this.getName());
         super.start();
     }
 }
 
 // 程序启动运行main时候，java虚拟机启动一个进程，主线程main在main()调用时候被创建。
 // 随着调用ThreadDemo的两个对象的start方法，另外两个线程也启动了，这样，整个应用就在多线程下运行。
 public class TestThread {
     public static void main(String args[]) {
         ThreadDemo t1 = new ThreadDemo("Thread-1");
         // start()方法的调用后并不是立即执行多线程代码，而是使得该线程变为可运行态（Runnable），什么时候运行是由操作系统决定的。
         t1.start();
         ThreadDemo t2 = new ThreadDemo("Thread-2");
         t2.start();
     }
 }

(2) 直接实现java.lang.Runnable接口

通过实现Runnable接口，使得该类有了多线程类的特征。run()方法是多线程程序的一个约定。所有的多线程代码都在run方法里面。

在启动的多线程的时候，需要先通过Thread类的构造方法Thread(Runnable target) 构造出对象，然后调用Thread对象的start()方法来运行多线程代码。

如果一个类继承Thread，则不适合资源共享。但是如果实现了Runable接口的话，则很容易的实现资源共享。

 class RunnableDemo implements Runnable {
 
     private int i = 1;
 
     RunnableDemo() {
         System.out.println("Creating" + Thread.currentThread().getName());
     }
 
     @Override
     public void run() {
         System.out.println("Running " + Thread.currentThread().getName());
         try {
             for (; i <= 5; i++) {
                 System.out.println("Thread: " + Thread.currentThread().getName() + " [" + i + "]");
                 Thread.sleep((int) (Math.random() * 100));
             }
         } catch (InterruptedException e) {
             System.out.println("Thread " + Thread.currentThread().getName() + " interrupted.");
         }
         System.out.println("Thread " + Thread.currentThread().getName() + " exiting.");
     }
 }
 
 public class TestRunnable {
 
     public static void main(String args[]) {
         Runnable r1 = new RunnableDemo();
         Thread t1 = new Thread(r1);
         t1.setName("Thread-1");
         t1.start();
 
         Runnable r2 = new RunnableDemo();
         Thread t2 = new Thread(r2);
         t2.setName("Thread-2");
         t2.start();
     }
 }

package com.mycloud.demo.thread;
 
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.Future;
 
class CallableDemo implements Callable<String> {
 
    private int i = 1;
 
    CallableDemo() {
        System.out.println("Creating " + Thread.currentThread().getName());
    }
 
    @Override
    public String call() {
        System.out.println("Running " + Thread.currentThread().getName());
        try {
            for (; i <= 5; i++) {
                System.out.println("Thread: " + Thread.currentThread().getName() + " [" + i + "]");
                Thread.sleep((int) (Math.random() * 100));
            }
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            System.out.println("Thread " + Thread.currentThread().getName() + " interrupted.");
            return "failed";
        }
        System.out.println("Thread " + Thread.currentThread().getName() + " exiting.");
        return "success";
    }
}
 
public class TestCallable {
 
    public static void main(String args[]) {
 
        ExecutorService ex = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(5);
        List<Future<String>> futures = new ArrayList<>();
        futures.add(ex.submit(new CallableDemo()));
        futures.add(ex.submit(new CallableDemo()));
 
        try {
            for (Future<String> future : futures) {
                System.out.println(future.get());
            }
        } catch (InterruptedException | ExecutionException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            ex.shutdown();
        }
    }
}