Java工具类-基于SnowFlake的短地址生成器

Twitter的SnowFlake算法,使用SnowFlake算法生成一个整数，然后转化为62进制变成一个短地址URL

/**
 * Twitter的SnowFlake算法,使用SnowFlake算法生成一个整数，然后转化为62进制变成一个短地址URL
 * @author @author beyond  https://github.com/beyondfengyu/SnowFlake
 * @author xuliugen
 * @date 2018/04/23
 */
public class SnowFlakeShortUrl {

    /**
     * 起始的时间戳
     */
    private final static long START_TIMESTAMP = 1480166465631L;

    /**
     * 每一部分占用的位数
     */
    private final static long SEQUENCE_BIT = 12;   //序列号占用的位数
    private final static long MACHINE_BIT = 5;     //机器标识占用的位数
    private final static long DATA_CENTER_BIT = 5; //数据中心占用的位数

    /**
     * 每一部分的最大值
     */
    private final static long MAX_SEQUENCE = -1L ^ (-1L << SEQUENCE_BIT);
    private final static long MAX_MACHINE_NUM = -1L ^ (-1L << MACHINE_BIT);
    private final static long MAX_DATA_CENTER_NUM = -1L ^ (-1L << DATA_CENTER_BIT);

    /**
     * 每一部分向左的位移
     */
    private final static long MACHINE_LEFT = SEQUENCE_BIT;
    private final static long DATA_CENTER_LEFT = SEQUENCE_BIT + MACHINE_BIT;
    private final static long TIMESTAMP_LEFT = DATA_CENTER_LEFT + DATA_CENTER_BIT;

    private long dataCenterId;  //数据中心
    private long machineId;     //机器标识
    private long sequence = 0L; //序列号
    private long lastTimeStamp = -1L;  //上一次时间戳

    /**
     * 根据指定的数据中心ID和机器标志ID生成指定的序列号
     * @param dataCenterId 数据中心ID
     * @param machineId    机器标志ID
     */
    public SnowFlakeShortUrl(long dataCenterId, long machineId) {
        if (dataCenterId > MAX_DATA_CENTER_NUM || dataCenterId < 0) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("DtaCenterId can't be greater than MAX_DATA_CENTER_NUM or less than 0！");
        }
        if (machineId > MAX_MACHINE_NUM || machineId < 0) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("MachineId can't be greater than MAX_MACHINE_NUM or less than 0！");
        }
        this.dataCenterId = dataCenterId;
        this.machineId = machineId;
    }

    /**
     * 产生下一个ID
     * @return
     */
    public synchronized long nextId() {
        long currTimeStamp = getNewTimeStamp();
        if (currTimeStamp < lastTimeStamp) {
            throw new RuntimeException("Clock moved backwards.  Refusing to generate id");
        }

        if (currTimeStamp == lastTimeStamp) {
            //相同毫秒内，序列号自增
            sequence = (sequence + 1) & MAX_SEQUENCE;
            //同一毫秒的序列数已经达到最大
            if (sequence == 0L) {
                currTimeStamp = getNextMill();
            }
        } else {
            //不同毫秒内，序列号置为0
            sequence = 0L;
        }

        lastTimeStamp = currTimeStamp;

        return (currTimeStamp - START_TIMESTAMP) << TIMESTAMP_LEFT //时间戳部分
                | dataCenterId << DATA_CENTER_LEFT       //数据中心部分
                | machineId << MACHINE_LEFT             //机器标识部分
                | sequence;                             //序列号部分
    }

    private long getNextMill() {
        long mill = getNewTimeStamp();
        while (mill <= lastTimeStamp) {
            mill = getNewTimeStamp();
        }
        return mill;
    }

    private long getNewTimeStamp() {
        return System.currentTimeMillis();
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SnowFlakeShortUrl snowFlake = new SnowFlakeShortUrl(2, 3);

        for (int i = 0; i < (1 << 4); i++) {
            //10进制
            Long id = snowFlake.nextId();
            //62进制
            String convertedNumStr = NumericConvertUtils.toOtherNumberSystem(id, 62);

            //10进制转化为62进制
            System.out.println("10进制：" + id + "  62进制:" + convertedNumStr);

            //TODO 执行具体的存储操作，可以存放在Redis等中

            //62进制转化为10进制
            System.out.println("62进制：" + convertedNumStr + "  10进制:" + NumericConvertUtils.toDecimalNumber(convertedNumStr, 62));
            System.out.println();
        }
    }
}

进制转换工具，最大支持十进制和62进制的转换

/**
 * 进制转换工具，最大支持十进制和62进制的转换
 * 1、将十进制的数字转换为指定进制的字符串；
 * 2、将其它进制的数字（字符串形式）转换为十进制的数字
 * @author xuliugen
 * @date 2018/04/23
 */
public class NumericConvertUtils {

    /**
     * 在进制表示中的字符集合，0-Z分别用于表示最大为62进制的符号表示
     */
    private static final char[] digits = {'0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9',
            'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j', 'k', 'l', 'm',
            'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', 'u', 'v', 'w', 'x', 'y', 'z',
            'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'I', 'J', 'K', 'L', 'M',
            'N', 'O', 'P', 'Q', 'R', 'S', 'T', 'U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y', 'Z'};

    /**
     * 将十进制的数字转换为指定进制的字符串
     * @param number 十进制的数字
     * @param seed   指定的进制
     * @return 指定进制的字符串
     */
    public static String toOtherNumberSystem(long number, int seed) {
        if (number < 0) {
            number = ((long) 2 * 0x7fffffff) + number + 2;
        }
        char[] buf = new char[32];
        int charPos = 32;
        while ((number / seed) > 0) {
            buf[--charPos] = digits[(int) (number % seed)];
            number /= seed;
        }
        buf[--charPos] = digits[(int) (number % seed)];
        return new String(buf, charPos, (32 - charPos));
    }

    /**
     * 将其它进制的数字（字符串形式）转换为十进制的数字
     * @param number 其它进制的数字（字符串形式）
     * @param seed   指定的进制，也就是参数str的原始进制
     * @return 十进制的数字
     */
    public static long toDecimalNumber(String number, int seed) {
        char[] charBuf = number.toCharArray();
        if (seed == 10) {
            return Long.parseLong(number);
        }

        long result = 0, base = 1;

        for (int i = charBuf.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
            int index = 0;
            for (int j = 0, length = digits.length; j < length; j++) {
                //找到对应字符的下标，对应的下标才是具体的数值
                if (digits[j] == charBuf[i]) {
                    index = j;
                }
            }
            result += index * base;
            base *= seed;
        }
        return result;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println(toOtherNumberSystem(1857568745871168L, 64));
        System.out.println(toDecimalNumber("6CnbJfBt0", 64));
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println(toOtherNumberSystem(185748383552778241L, 64));
        System.out.println(toDecimalNumber("ajWiKPh301", 64));
    }
}