ARP协议详解RARP

简单来说，ARP协议是IP地址转换成MAC地址的协议。链路层协议。过程如下：

1：首先，每个主机都会在自己的ARP缓冲区中建立一个ARP列表，以表示IP地址和MAC地址之间的对应关系。
2：当源主机要发送数据时，首先检查ARP列表中是否有对应IP地址的目的主机的MAC地址，如果有，则直接发送数据，如果没有，就向本网段的所有主机发送ARP数据包，该数据包包括的内容有：源主机 IP地址，源主机MAC地址，目的主机的IP 地址。
3：当本网络的所有主机收到该ARP数据包时，首先检查数据包中的IP地址是否是自己的IP地址，如果不是，则忽略该数据包，如果是，则首先从数据包中取出源主机的IP和MAC地址写入到ARP列表中，如果已经存在，则覆盖，然后将自己的MAC地址写入ARP响应包中，告诉源主机自己是它想要找的MAC地址。
4：源主机收到ARP响应包后。将目的主机的IP和MAC地址写入ARP列表，并利用此信息发送数据。如果源主机一直没有收到ARP响应数据包，表示ARP查询失败。

PS:广播发送ARP请求，单播发送ARP响应。

当你FTP某个主机的过程：

ARP欺骗：

ARP欺骗实质上，让本应该送往目的ip的数据包，发送到了错误的地址，因此好像造成了一种“上不了网”的感觉。

ARP欺骗分为二种，一种是对路由器ARP表的欺骗；另一种是对内网PC的网关欺骗。

ARP欺骗的3种基本方式：

1. 主机C冒充网关欺骗主机B；

2. 主机c冒充主机B欺骗网关；

3. 主机C同时欺骗主机B和网关，实现数据中转，并监听到所有主机B的数据。

截获网关数据

第一种ARP欺骗的原理是——截获网关数据。它通知路由器一系列错误的内网MAC地址，并按照一定的频率不断进行，使真实的地址信息无法通过更新保存在路由器中，结果路由器的所有数据只能发送给错误的MAC地址，造成正常PC无法收到信息。第二种ARP欺骗的原理是——伪造网关。它的原理是建立假网关，让被它欺骗的PC向假网关发数据，而不是通过正常的路由器途径上网。在PC看来，就是上不了网了，“网络掉线了”。

一般来说，ARP欺骗攻击的后果非常严重，大多数情况下会造成大面积掉线。有些网管员对此不甚了解，出现故障时，认为PC没有问题，交换机没掉线的“本事”，电信也不承认宽带故障。而且如果第一种ARP欺骗发生时，只要重启路由器，网络就能全面恢复，那问题一定是在路由器了。为此，宽带路由器背了不少“黑锅”。

网络执法官

在网络执法官中，要想限制某台机器上网，只要点击"网卡"菜单中的"权限"，选择指定的网卡号或在用户列表中点击该网卡所在行，从右键菜单中选择"权限"，在弹出的对话框中即可限制该用户的权限。对于未登记网卡，可以这样限定其上线：只要设定好所有已知用户（登记）后，将网卡的默认权限改为禁止上线即可阻止所有未知的网卡上线。使用这两个功能就可限制用户上网。其原理是通过ARP欺骗发给被攻击的电脑一个假的网关IP地址对应的MAC，使其找不到网关真正的MAC地址，这样就可以禁止其上网。

:1）交换机

在计算机网络系统中，交换机是针对共享工作模式的弱点而推出的。交换机拥有一条高带宽的背部总线和内部交换矩阵。交换机的所有的端口都挂接在这条背 部总线上，当控制电路收到数据包以后，处理端口会查找内存中的地址对照表以确定目的MAC（网卡的硬件地址）的NIC（网卡）挂接在哪个端口上，通过内部 交换矩阵迅速将数据包传送到目的端口。目的MAC若不存在，交换机才广播到所有的端口，接收端口回应后交换机会“学习”新的地址，并把它添加入内部地址表 中。

交换机工作于OSI参考模型的第二层，即数据链路层。交换机内部的CPU会在每个端口成功连接时，通过ARP协议学习它的MAC地址，保存成一张 ARP表。在今后的通讯中，发往该MAC地址的数据包将仅送往其对应的端口，而不是所有的端口。因此，交换机可用于划分数据链路层广播，即冲突域；但它不 能划分网络层广播，即广播域。

交换机被广泛应用于二层网络交换，俗称“二层交换机”。

交换机的种类有：二层交换机、三层交换机、四层交换机、七层交换机分别工作在OSI七层模型中的第二层、第三层、第四层盒第七层，并因此而得名。

2）路由器

路由器（Router）是一种计算机网络设备，提供了路由与转送两种重要机制，可以决定数据包从来源端到目的端所经过 的路由路径（host到host之间的传输路径），这个过程称为路由；将路由器输入端的数据包移送至适当的路由器输出端(在路由器内部进行)，这称为转 送。路由工作在OSI模型的第三层——即网络层，例如网际协议。

路由器的一个作用是连通不同的网络，另一个作用是选择信息传送的线路。 路由器与交换器的差别，路由器是属于OSI第三层的产品，交换器是OSI第二层的产品(这里特指二层交换机)。

3）网关

网关（Gateway），称网间连接器、协议转换器。网关在网络层以上实现网络互连.
网关区别于路由器（由于历史的原因，许多有关TCP/IP 的文献曾经把网络层使用的路由器（Router）称为网关，在今天很多局域网采用都是路由来接入网络，因此现在通常指的网关就是路由器的IP），经常在家 庭中或者小型企业网络中使用，用于连接局域网和Internet。 网关也经常指把一种协议转成另一种协议的设备，比如语音网关。

在传统TCP/IP术语中，网络设备只分成两种，一种为网关（gateway），另一种为主机（host）。网关能在网络间转递数据包，但主机不能 转送数据包。在主机（又称终端系统，end system）中，数据包需经过TCP/IP四层协议处理，但是在网关（又称中介系 统，intermediate system）只需要到达网际层（Internet layer），决定路径之后就可以转送。在当时，网关 （gateway）与路由器（router）还没有区别。

在现代网络术语中，网关（gateway）与路由器（router）的定义不同。网关（gateway）能在不同协议间移动数据，而路由器（router）是在不同网络间移动数据，相当于传统所说的IP网关（IP gateway）。

网关是连接两个网络的设备，对于语音网关来说，他可以连接PSTN网络和以太网，这就相当于VOIP，把不同电话中的模拟信号通过网关而转换成数字信号，而且加入协议再去传输。在到了接收端的时候再通过网关还原成模拟的电话信号，最后才能在电话机上听到。

对于以太网中的网关只能转发三层以上数据包，这一点和路由是一样的。而不同的是网关中并没有路由表，他只能按照预先设定的不同网段来进行转发。网关最重要的一点就是端口映射，子网内用户在外网看来只是外网的IP地址对应着不同的端口，这样看来就会保护子网内的用户。

ARP 缓存
为最大限度地减少广播 ARP 请求帧的数量，许多 TCP/IP 协议实现都包含一个 ARP 缓存，它是一个记录了最近解析过的 IPv4
地址及其相应的 MAC 地址的表。在发送 ARP 请求帧之前，ARP 将首先检查此缓存。每个接口都有其自己的 ARP 缓存。

ARP 缓存可具有以下特性（具体取决于供应商实现）：

ARP 缓存条目可以是动态的（基于 ARP 应答），也可以是静态的。静态 ARP 缓存条目是永久性的，您可以使用 TCP/IP 工具（例如
Windows 附带的 Arp 工具）手动添加它们。静态 ARP 缓存条目禁止节点发送对常用的本地 IPv4 地址（例如路由器和服务器的
IPv4 地址）的 ARP 请求。使用静态 ARP 缓存条目的问题是，在网络适配器设备发生更改时您必须手动更新它们。动态 ARP
缓存条目拥有与之相关的超时值，所以在超过指定的时间后，将从缓存中删除它们。例如，Windows 的动态 ARP 缓存条目不超过 10
分钟就会被删除。
要查看基于 Windows 的计算机上的 ARP 缓存，请在命令提示符下键入 arp -a。您还可以使用 Arp 工具来添加或删除静态 ARP 缓存条目。

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" 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" 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RARP：

反向地址转换协议（RARP）允许局域网的物理机器从网关服务器的 ARP 表或者缓存上请求其 IP 地址。网络管理员在局域网网关路由器里创建一个表以映射物理地址（MAC）和与其对应的 IP 地址。当设置一台新的机器时，其 RARP 客户机程序需要向路由器上的 RARP 服务器请求相应的 IP 地址。假设在路由表中已经设置了一个记录，RARP 服务器将会返回 IP 地址给机器，此机器就会存储起来以便日后使用。

主要用于无盘工作站启动时获取IP地址。