RMAN 'Duplicate From Active Database' Feature in Oracle11g (Doc ID 452868.1)

APPLIES TO:

Oracle Database - Enterprise Edition - Version 11.1.0.6 and later
Oracle Database Cloud Schema Service - Version N/A and later
Oracle Database Exadata Express Cloud Service - Version N/A and later
Oracle Database Exadata Cloud Machine - Version N/A and later
Oracle Cloud Infrastructure - Database Service - Version N/A and later
Information in this document applies to any platform.
Checked for relevance on 21-AUG-2015

PURPOSE

The scope of this bulletin is to discuss the different type of RMAN 'duplicate database' feature in Oracle 11G.

本公告的范围是讨论 Oracle 11G 中不同类型的RMAN 'duplicate database'功能

This note is only applicable for oracle 11g only. 本说明仅适用于oracle 11g

In case you may want or need more about your current topic - please also access the Backup & Recover Community of Customers and Oracle Specialists directly via:
https://community.oracle.com/community/support/oracle_database/database_backup_and_recovery

If you want to DUPLICATE FOR STANDBY, than check Note 1075908.1 Step by Step Guide on Creating Physical Standby Using RMAN DUPLICATE...FROM ACTIVE DATABASE

如果要 DUPLICATE FOR STANDBY，请Note 1075908.1 Step by Step Guide on Creating Physical Standby Using RMAN DUPLICATE...FROM ACTIVE DATABASE

SCOPE

This note is intended for DBAs and Support Personnel.

DETAILS

You can create a duplicate database using the RMAN duplicate command. The duplicate database has a different DBID from the source database and functions entirely independently.Starting from 11g you can do duplicate database in 2 ways.

您可以使用 RMAN duplicate 命令创建重复数据库。复制数据库的 DBID 与源数据库的 DBID 不同，并且完全独立运行。从11g开始，您可以通过两种方式创建复制数据库

1. Active database duplication
2. Backup-based duplication

Active database duplication copies the live target database over the network to the auxiliary destination and then creates the duplicate database.Only difference is that you don't need to have the pre-existing RMAN backups and copies.The duplication work is performed by an auxiliary channel.This channel corresponds to a server session on the auxiliary instance on the auxiliary host.

Active database duplication 通过网络将活动目标数据库复制到辅助目标位置，然后创建复制数据库。唯一的区别是您不需要具有预先存在的RMAN备份和副本。复制工作由辅助数据库执行该通道对应于辅助主机上辅助实例上的服务器会话

As part of the duplicating operation, RMAN automates the following steps: 作为复制操作的一部分，RMAN会自动执行以下步骤

1. Creates a control file for the duplicate database  为复制数据库创建控制文件
2. Restarts the auxiliary instance and mounts the duplicate control file  重新启动辅助实例并安装复制控制文件
3. Creates the duplicate datafiles and recovers them with incremental backups and archived redo logs.  创建复制数据文件，并使用增量备份和归档重做日志恢复它们
4. Opens the duplicate database with the RESETLOGS option  使用 RESETLOGS 选项打开重复数据库

For the active database duplication, RMAN does one extra step .i.e. copy the target database datafiles over the network to the auxiliary instance

对于 active database duplication，RMAN会执行一个额外的步骤。即，通过网络将目标数据库数据文件复制到辅助实例。

A RAC TARGET database can be duplicated as well. The procedure is the same as below. If the auxiliary instance needs to be a RAC-database as well, than start the duplicate procedure for to a single instance and convert the auxiliary to RAC after the duplicate has succeeded.

RAC TARGET 数据库也可以复制。步骤与以下相同。如果辅助实例也需要是RAC数据库，则在复制成功后将其启动到单个实例的复制过程，然后将辅助实例转换为RAC。

Scope of this note is restricted to Active database duplication . For the Backup-base duplication refer Note 259694.1 Oracle10G RMAN Database Duplication.

本说明的范围仅限于 Active database duplication。有关 Backup-base duplication ，请参见 Note 259694.1 Oracle10G RMAN Database Duplication.

Basic Steps to ACTIVE database duplication: 基本步骤

1. Preparing the auxiliary instance: 准备辅助实例

1.1 Creating initialization Parameter file for the Auxiliary instance 为辅助实例创建初始化参数文件

If you are using SPFILE then only parameter required for the duplicate database is DB_NAME . Rest other parameters can be set in the DUPLICATE command itself.If you are not using the SPFILE technique, then you need to set initialization parameters to set in the initialization parameter file. Required parameters are :

如果使用的是SPFILE，则重复数据库所需的唯一参数是DB_NAME。其余的其他参数可以在DUPLICATE命令本身中设置。如果不使用SPFILE，则需要设置初始化参数以在初始化参数文件中进行设置。必需的参数是

DB_NAME
CONTROL_FILES
DB_BLOCK_SIZE
DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT
LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT
DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST

In this bulletin for simplicity we are specifying all the required parameters in the pfile. For example:

为了简单起见，在此公告中，我们在pfile中指定了所有必需的参数。例如

init<DB_NAME>.ora
------------
DB_NAME=<DB_NAME>
diagnostic_dest='E:\oracle'
DB_FILE_name_CONVERT=('I:\<old_path>\','E:\<new_path>\')
LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT=('I:\<old_path>\','E:\<new_path>\')
SGA_TARGET=262144000
CONTROL_FILES='E:\<PATH>\control01.dbf'
COMPATIBLE= 11.1.0.0.0

1.2 Create an Oracle Password File for the Auxiliary Instance 创建辅助实例的Oracle密码文件

Password file is must for the Active database duplication.A password file is not required for backup-based duplication. For Active database duplication it connects directly to the auxiliary instance using the password file with the same SYSDBA password as target database. In case you are using password file make sure to have same SYSDBA password as the target database.Also you can specify the PASSWORD FILE option on the DUPLICATE command.In this case, RMAN copies the source database password file to the destination host and overwrites any existing password file for the auxiliary instance.

Active database duplication 必须输入密码文件。基于备份的 duplication 不需要密码文件。对于 Active database duplication ，它使用与目标数据库相同的SYSDBA密码的密码文件直接连接到辅助实例。如果要使用密码文件，请确保与目标数据库具有相同的SYSDBA密码。此外，您还可以在DUPLICATE命令上指定 PASSWORD FILE 选项。在这种情况下，RMAN将源数据库密码文件复制到目标主机并覆盖任何辅助实例的现有密码文件。

In this bulletin we are using password file option in the duplicate command. 在此公告中，我们在 duplicate 命令中使用密码文件选项

Create the database service (only for windows) and password file. For example :

创建数据库服务（仅适用于Windows）和密码文件。例如：

% set ORACLE_SID=<oracle_sid>
% set ORACLE_HOME=E:\<oracle_home>
% oradim -NEW -SID <oracle_sid>
% orapwd FILE=E:\<oracle_home\database\PWDTEST.ora PASSWORD=<password>

For Unix/Linux the service is not needed, only the password file. 对于Unix/Linux，不需要服务，仅需要密码文件

1.3 Start the Auxiliary instance in NOMOUNT. For example : 在NOMOUNT中启动辅助实例。例如

% sqlplus / as sysdba
 
SQL*Plus: Release 11.1.0.6.0 - Production on Wed Aug 1 20:33:30 2007
 
Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
 
Connected to an idle instance.
 
SQL> startup NOMOUNT pfile=E:\<oracle_home>\database\init<oracle_sid>.ora
ORACLE instance started.
 
Total System Global Area  150667264 bytes
Fixed Size                  1331732 bytes
Variable Size              92278252 bytes
Database Buffers           50331648 bytes
Redo Buffers                6725632 bytes
SQL> exit

2. Create the necessary oracle NET connectivity. 创建必要的oracle NET连接

2.1 Insert a static entry for the auxiliary in the listener.ora file on the auxiliary server. In addition, tnsnames.ora entry is needed in both target and auxiliary. For example :

在辅助服务器上的listener.ora文件中为辅助服务器插入静态条目。此外，目标和辅助目录中都需要tnsnames.ora条目。例如

Listener.ora (on the AUXILIARY host)
------------
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
  (SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
      (GLOBAL_DBNAME =<DB_NAME>)
      (ORACLE_HOME = E:\<oracle_home>)
      (SID_NAME = <oracle_sid>)
    )
  )
 
LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = <host name>)(PORT = 1521))
  )
tnsname.ora (In the TARGET and AUXILIARY host)
-----------
## For the Auxiliary database <auxiliary db> ##
<auxiliary db>=
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = <host name>)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = <auxiliary oracle sid>)
    )
  )
 
## For the target database <target db> ##
<target db>=
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = <host name>)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = <target oracle sid>)
    )
  )## Similarly add entry for the catalog database ( Optional)

2.1 Check connectivity between target and auxiliary instances: 检查目标实例和辅助实例之间的连接性

Execute on the TARGET and AUXILIARY host
% tnsping <target database>
% tnsping <auxiliary database>

3. Start RMAN and Connect to the Database Instances 启动RMAN并连接到数据库实例

Start RMAN and connect to the source database as TARGET, the duplicate database instance as AUXILIARY, and, if applicable, the recovery catalog database.You can start the RMAN client on any host so long as it can connect to all of the database instances. 
If the auxiliary instance requires a text-based initialization parameter file, then this file must exist on the same host that runs the RMAN client application.
--启动RMAN并以TARGET的身份连接到源数据库，复制数据库的实例以AUXILIARY的形式连接到恢复目录数据库（如果适用），并连接恢复目录数据库。您可以在任何主机上启动RMAN客户端，只要它可以连接到所有数据库实例即可。如果辅助实例需要基于文本的初始化参数文件，则该文件必须存在于运行RMAN客户端应用程序的同一主机上。

In this bulletin we are doing duplicate database from the auxiliary server. Look at the example :
--在此公告中，我们正在从辅助服务器复制数据库。看例子
% rman
 
Recovery Manager: Release 11.1.0.6.0 - Production on Wed Aug 1 21:06:49 2007
Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.
 
RMAN> connect TARGET sys/<password>@<target_service>;   ## Target database ##
connected to target database: <target DB_NAME> (DBID=<value>)
 
RMAN> connect AUXILIARY sys/<password>@<auxiliary_service>;  ## Auxiliary database ##
connected to auxiliary database: <auxiliary DB_NAME>(not mounted)
 
RMAN> connect CATALOG <catalog_schema>/<password>@<catalog database service>; ## Catalog database .Optional ##
connected to recovery catalog database

4. Run the DUPLICATE database command: 运行DUPLICATE数据库命令

The simplest case is to use active database duplication to duplicate the database to a different host and use the different directory structure.Look at the example :

最简单的情况是使用 active database duplication 将数据库复制到其他主机并使用不同的目录结构。请看以下示例：

This example assumes

This example assumes the following: 本示例假定以下内容

* Using a recovery catalog.  使用恢复目录
* The target database is on host1 and contains 4 datafiles.  目标数据库位于host1上，并包含4个数据文件
* Duplicate the target to a database on the different host having different file structure.  将目标复制到具有不同文件结构的不同主机上的数据库
* Tablespace USERS in target is read-only tablespace.  目标中的表空间USERS是只读表空间
* Running duplicate database from the Auxiliary site.  从辅助站点运行duplicate database

RMAN> DUPLICATE TARGET DATABASE
      TO '<DB_NAME>'
      FROM ACTIVE DATABASE
      DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT 'I:\<old_PATH>','E:\<new_PATH>';

And this is what is going on: 这是怎么回事

Starting Duplicate Db at 02-AUG-07
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: SID=97 device type=DISK
 
contents of Memory Script:
{
   set newname for datafile  1 to "E:\<PATH>\SYSTEM01.DBF";
   set newname for datafile  2 to "E:\<PATH>\SYSAUX01.DBF";
   set newname for datafile  3 to "E:\<PATH>\UNDOTBS01.DBF";
   set newname for datafile  4 to "E:\<PATH>\USERS01.DBF";
   backup as copy reuse
   datafile  1 auxiliary format  "E:\<PATH>\SYSTEM01.DBF"
   datafile  2 auxiliary format  "E:\<PATH>\SYSAUX01.DBF"
   datafile  3 auxiliary format  "E:\<PATH>\UNDOTBS01.DBF"
   datafile  4 auxiliary format  "E:\<PATH>\USERS01.DBF"   ;
   sql 'alter system archive log current';
}
executing Memory Script
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
 
Starting backup at 02-AUG-07
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=123 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile file number=00001 name=I:\<target PATH>\SYSTEM01.DBF
output file name=E:\<auxiliary PATH>\SYSTEM01.DBF tag=TAG20070802T114254 RECID=0 STAMP=0
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:08:22
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile file number=00002 name=I:\<target_PATH>\SYSAUX01.DBF
output file name=E:\<auxiliary PATH>\SYSAUX01.DBF tag=TAG20070802T114254 RECID=0 STAMP=0
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:05:59
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile file number=00003 name=I:\<target_PATH>\UNDOTBS01.DBF
output file name=E:\<auxiliary PATH>\UNDOTBS01.DBF tag=TAG20070802T114254 RECID=0 STAMP=0
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:02:57
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile file number=00004 name=I:\<target_PATH>\USERS01.DBF
output file name=E:\<auxiliary PATH>\USERS01.DBF tag=TAG20070802T114254 RECID=0 STAMP=0
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15
Finished backup at 02-AUG-07
 
sql statement: alter system archive log current
sql statement: CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE SET DATABASE "<DB_NAME>" RESETLOGS ARCHIVELOG
  MAXLOGFILES     16
  MAXLOGMEMBERS      3
  MAXDATAFILES      100
  MAXINSTANCES     8
  MAXLOGHISTORY      292
 LOGFILE
  GROUP  1 ( 'E:\<auxiliary PATH>\REDO01.LOG' ) SIZE 50 M  REUSE,
  GROUP  2 ( 'E:\<auxiliary PATH>\REDO02.LOG' ) SIZE 50 M  REUSE,
  GROUP  3 ( 'E:\<auxiliary PATH>\REDO03.LOG' ) SIZE 50 M  REUSE
 DATAFILE
  'E:\<auxiliary PATH>\SYSTEM01.DBF'
 CHARACTER SET AL32UTF8
 
contents of Memory Script:
{
   backup as copy reuse
   archivelog like  "I:\<PATH>\ARC00042_0629061547.001" auxiliary format
 "E:\<PATH>\ARC00042_0629061547.001"   archivelog like
 "I:\<PATH>\O1_MF_1_42_3C2YJNP7_.ARC" auxiliary format
 "E:\<PATH>\ARC00042_0629061547.001"   ;
   catalog clone archivelog  "E:\<PATH>\ARC00042_0629061547.001";
   catalog clone archivelog  "E:\<PATH>\ARC00042_0629061547.001";
   switch clone datafile all;
}
executing Memory Script
 
Starting backup at 02-AUG-07
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log copy
input archived log thread=1 sequence=42 RECID=35 STAMP=629553646
output file name=E:\<PATH>\ARC00042_0629061547.001 RECID=0 STAMP=0
channel ORA_DISK_1: archived log copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log copy
input archived log thread=1 sequence=42 RECID=36 STAMP=629553646
output file name=E:\<PATH>\ARC00042_0629061547.001 RECID=0 STAMP=0
channel ORA_DISK_1: archived log copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 02-AUG-07
 
cataloged archived log
archived log file name=E:\<PATH>\ARC00042_0629061547.001 RECID=1 STAMP=629553800
 
cataloged archived log
archived log file name=E:\<PATH>\ARC00042_0629061547.001 RECID=2 STAMP=629553800
 
datafile 2 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=1 STAMP=629553800 file name=E:\<auxiliary PATH>\SYSAUX01.DBF
datafile 3 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=2 STAMP=629553801 file name=E:\<auxiliary PATH>\UNDOTBS01.DBF
 
contents of Memory Script:
{
   set until scn  833606;
   recover
   clone database
    delete archivelog
   ;
}
executing Memory Script
 
executing command: SET until clause
 
Starting recover at 02-AUG-07
using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1
datafile 4 not processed because file is read-only
 
starting media recovery
 
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 42 is already on disk as file E:\<PATH>\ARC00042_0629061547.001
archived log file name=E:\<PATH>\ARC00042_0629061547.001 thread=1 sequence=42
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished recover at 02-AUG-07
 
contents of Memory Script:
{
   shutdown clone immediate;
   startup clone nomount ;
}
executing Memory Script
 
database dismounted
Oracle instance shut down
 
connected to auxiliary database (not started)
Oracle instance started
 
Total System Global Area     263639040 bytes
 
Fixed Size                     1332544 bytes
Variable Size                 83888832 bytes
Database Buffers             171966464 bytes
Redo Buffers                   6451200 bytes
sql statement: CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE SET DATABASE "<DB_NAME>" RESETLOGS ARCHIVELOG
  MAXLOGFILES     16
  MAXLOGMEMBERS      3
  MAXDATAFILES      100
  MAXINSTANCES     8
  MAXLOGHISTORY      292
 LOGFILE
  GROUP  1 ( 'E:\<auxiliary PATH>\REDO01.LOG' ) SIZE 50 M  REUSE,
  GROUP  2 ( 'E:\<auxiliary PATH>\REDO02.LOG' ) SIZE 50 M  REUSE,
  GROUP  3 ( 'E:\<auxiliary PATH>\REDO03.LOG' ) SIZE 50 M  REUSE
 DATAFILE
  'E:\<auxiliary_PATH>\SYSTEM01.DBF'
 CHARACTER SET AL32UTF8
 
contents of Memory Script:
{
   set newname for tempfile  1 to
 "E:\<auxiliary PATH>\TEMP01.DBF";
   switch clone tempfile all;
   catalog clone datafilecopy  "E:\<auxiliary PATH>\SYSAUX01.DBF";
   catalog clone datafilecopy  "E:\<auxiliary PATH>\UNDOTBS01.DBF";
   switch clone datafile all;
}
executing Memory Script
 
executing command: SET NEWNAME
 
renamed tempfile 1 to E:\<auxiliary PATH>\TEMP01.DBF in control file
 
cataloged datafile copy
datafile copy file name=E:\<auxiliary PATH>\SYSAUX01.DBF RECID=1 STAMP=629553825
 
cataloged datafile copy
datafile copy file name=E:\<auxiliary PATH>\UNDOTBS01.DBF RECID=2 STAMP=629553826
 
datafile 2 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=1 STAMP=629553825 file name=E:\<auxiliary PATH>\SYSAUX01.DBF
datafile 3 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=2 STAMP=629553826 file name=E:\<auxiliary PATH>\UNDOTBS01.DBF
 
contents of Memory Script:
{
   Alter clone database open resetlogs;
}
executing Memory Script
 
database opened
 
contents of Memory Script:
{
   catalog clone datafilecopy  "E:\<auxiliary PATH>\USERS01.DBF";
   switch clone datafile  4 to datafilecopy  "E:\<auxiliary PATH>\USERS01.DBF";
#online the readonly tablespace
sql clone "alter tablespace  USERS online";
}
executing Memory Script
 
cataloged datafile copy
datafile copy file name=E:\<auxiliary PATH>\USERS01.DBF RECID=3 STAMP=629553870
 
datafile 4 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=3 STAMP=629553870 file name=E:\<auxiliary PATH>\USERS01.DBF
 
sql statement: alter tablespace  USERS online
Finished Duplicate Db at 02-AUG-07